Chng I: IN TCH - IN TRNG 1. in tch C hai loi in tch: in tch dng v in tch m. in tch k hiu l q, n v Culng ( C ). 2.

2. in tch nguyn t c gi tr : e = 1,6 . 10-19 3. Electron l mt ht c bn c: in tch qe = - e = - 1,6.10-19C Khi lng me = 9,1.10-31 kg 4. in tch ca ht (vt) lun l s nguyn ln in tch nguyn t q = ne 5. Cng thc nh lut Culng :

F =k
mi.
2 N.m k = 9.10 C2 9

q .q2 1 .r 2

l hng s in mi, ph thuc vo bn cht ca in

6. Cng thc nh ngha cng in trng :

u u r u F r E= q

7. Lc in trng tc dng ln in tch q0 nm trong in trng :

u r u r F E u r u r q < 0 : F E ln : F = q .E
q>0:

u r u r F =qE

8. Cng in trng do mt in tch im to ra : ln: E = K

Q .r 2

vi k = 9.109
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2 N.m C2

Chiu:

u r E hng vo q nu Q < 0;

u r E hng xa q nu Q > 0;

9. Cng thc nguyn l chng cht in trng :

u ur ur ur r u u u r E = E1 + E2 + E3 + ...En u ur ur ur r u u u Trong E = E1 + E2 + E3... l cng in trng do

cc q1, q2, q3 ... gy ra ti im ta xt. 10. Cng ca lc in dch chuyn in tch t M n N : AMN = q . E . M ' N ' Trong , M ' N ' l hnh chiu ca MN xung chiu ca hng mt ng sc (mt trc to cng hng vi ng sc) 11. Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th :

U MN = VM VN =
th

AMN q
+ + + +

12. Cng thc nh ngha cng in trng v hiu in

U E = MN MN' '
t in phng ta c : E = 13. dung ca t in:

U d

Cng thc nh ngha in

Q C= U C tnh bng Fara (F) micrFara 1 F = 106F

nanFara picFara 1 nF = 109F 1 pF =1012F
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14. Cng thc in dung ca t in phng theo cu to:

C=
15.

Vi S l din tch i din gia hai bn t B t song song : C1 QAB = 1+ 2 + 3+ Qn Q Q Q ...+ C2 B A U = U = U = U = ...U
AB 1 2 3 n

.S k.4 .d

CAB = C1 + C2 + C3 + ...Cn

Cn

Nu c n t ging nhau mc ssong : Q = nQ1 ; C = nC1 Mch mc song song l mch phn in tch : C1 C1 .Q Q1 = C1 + C2 B A Q2 = Q - Q1
C2

16.

B t ni tip:

QAB = 1= 2= Qn Q Q ...= U AB = U1 + U2 + ...Un 1 1 1 1 = + ...... + Cb C1 C2 Cn

Nu c n t ging nhau mc ni tip : U = nU1 ; C AB = Mch mc ni tip l mch phn chia hiu in th C1 n

U1 =

C2 .Q C1 + C2

C1

C2

U 2 = U U1 17. T in tch in c tch lu nng lng dng nng lng in trng:

1 1 1 Q2 2 W = QU = CU = 2 2 2C
18. Nng lng in trng :
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 E2 W= .V 9.109.8
19. Mt nng lng in trng:

E2 W= 9.109.8

Chng II DNG IN KHNG I

1. Cng thc nh ngha cng dng in :

I=

q t

Vi dng in khng i : I = 2. in tr vt dn : Cng thc nh ngha : R = U I

q t

in tr theo cu to : R = .

: in tr sut, n v : .m S ph thuc ca in tr theo nhit : R2 = R1 [ 1 + (t2 t1 )] : h s nhit in tr, n v : K-1, -1 3. Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th:

l S

U MN =

AMN q

(A : cng ca lc in trng)

4. Sut in ng ca ngun in

E=

A q

(A : cng ca lc l )

5. Sut phn in ca my thu E

A ' ( A: phn in nng chuyn ha thnh p = q nng lng khc khng phi nhit )
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6. Cng ca ngun in :

A = E.I .t

7. Cng sut ca ngun in :

P = E.I =

8. Hiu sut ca ngun in :

H=

R R+r

9. Cng ca dng in : 10.

A = U .I .t
Cng sut ca dng in :

P = U .I
Mch ch c R : P = UI = R.I 2 =

U2 R

11. in nng tiu th ca my thu in:

A = U .I .t A = rp .I 2 .t + E p .I .t

12. thu: 13.

Cng sut tiu th ca my

P = rp .I 2 + E p .I
Hiu sut ca my thu:

H = 1

14. nh lut Ohm cho mch kn c ngun in v my thu:

rp .I U

I=

E - EP R + r + rP

15. Cng thc nh lut Jun Lenx :

Q = R.I 2 .t
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16. nh lut Ohm cho on mch ch c R

I AB =
A

U AB RAB
B

17. c my thu :

nh lut Ohm cho on mch I AB = U AB E p RAB

B

r E

18. nh lut Ohm cho on mch c cha ngun in : U +E IAB = AB R AB rI E A

B

19. B ngun ni tip :

A r I E
1
1

r2

E2

rn

En

E b = E1 + E2 + ..... + En rb = r1 + r2 + .... + rn
c bit : nu c n ngun ging nhau mc ni tip : E b = n.E rb = n.r 20. Hai ngun mc xung i r E
1
1

r2

E2

E b = E1 - E 2 rb = r1 + r2
21. Mc song song b ngun :
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Gi s c n ngun ging nhau mc song song

Eb = E rb = r n

22. B ngun mc hn hp i xng: Gi s c N ngun ging nhau (E;r) c mc thnh n hng, mi hng c m ngun ni tip

m.r n E b = m.E rb =

S ngun : N = n.m 23. B in tr mc ni tip

U AB = U1 + U 2 + .... + Un I AB = I1 = I 2 = .... = In RAB = R1 + R2 + .... + Rn

, Rb = n.R
R1 R2

. Nu n in tr ging nhau ni tip :U b = nU B in tr ni tip l mch phn th :

A B

R1 .U U1 = R1 + R2 U = U U 2 1 24. Mc song song in tr

U AB = U1 = U 2 = .... = Un I AB = I1 + I 2 + .... + In 1 1 1 RAB = + + .... + R1 R2 Rn

Nu n in tr ging nhau mc song song : I b = n.I , R Rb = n B in tr song song l mch phn dng :
I1
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R1

A I I 2 R2

R2 .I I1 = R1 + R2 I = I I 2 1

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Chng III: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

1. Sut in ng nhit in E = T. t hay E = T. T T h s nhit in ng, n v K-1, ph thuc vo vt liu lm cp nhit in. 2. nh lut I Faraday: Khi lng ca cht gii phng in cc trong hin tng in phn: m = k.q =k.I.t k: l ng lng in ho ca cht gii phng in cc, n v kg/C 3. nh lut II Faraday: Khi lng ca cht gii phng in cc trong hin tng in phn: 1 A 1 A m = . .q = . .It F n F n F=96.500C/mol l s Faraday l hng s i vi mi cht. A: khi lng mol nguyn t ca cht gii phng in cc. N l ho tr ca cht gii phng in cc.

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