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______________________________________________________________
The following guide is intended as a supplement to the Oracle University course Oracle Database 10g: Data Guard Administration. It deals with the creation and management of physical and logical standby databases without using Oracle Grid Control. The guide has been developed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 2) Kernel 2.6.9-22.EL on an i686, but should work almost identical on all platforms certified. The ORACLE version used is Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.2 There is only one server used for the Primary Data Base, a physical and a logical standby database. For test and demonstration purposes this is well suited; a realistic implementation would require 3 computers of course. The guide is easily adaptable for this approach, in fact, it is even a little harder to implement it all on one computer only.

   

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Create controlfile for Physical Standby: ..............................................................................................3 Create Standby Logs on Physical Standby...........................................................................................3 Set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 on Primary: ........................................................................................4 Create Standby Logs on Primary also for later SWITCHOVER .........................................................4
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Start DMON background process on Primary and Standby:................................................................5 Call 'ata *uard 0anaJeU /inemode and create configuration:..........................................................5
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Maximum Protection; here 2 Standby Databases are recommended. ..................................................6 Maximum Availability .........................................................................................................................6 Maximum Performance with LGWR-Transport ..................................................................................6 Maximum Performance with ARCH-Transport (The original mode) ..................................................6
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Check beforehand whether Logical Standby makes sense at all ..........................................................7 What tables have no Primary/Unique Constraints?..............................................................................7 Implement Supplemental Logging on Primary ....................................................................................7 Create directories and passwordfile for the Logical Standby...............................................................7 At first, we create (using 50$1) a Physical Standby Database.........................................................7 Customize Parameter on Primary for new Standby Database ..............................................................8 Create Standby Dictionary ...................................................................................................................8 Now we transform the Physical Standby Database into a Logical Standby Database. ........................8
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Maximum Protection with Logical Standby Database .........................................................................9

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Switchover: Primary and Standby exchange their roles.......................................................................9 Failover: Emergency, the Primary is destroyed ...................................................................................9
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Turn on Flashback for all Databases ..................................................................................................10 Example of a Flashback of the Physical Standby...............................................................................10 Open Physical Standby Read Only ....................................................................................................10 After a Failover turn old Primary into a Standby Database ...............................................................10
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Modify Broker-Configuration ............................................................................................................10 Start the Observer on another computer.............................................................................................10

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VALID_FOR Configurations ..........................................................................................................11

Primary and Physical Standby.......................................................................... 11 Primary and Logical Standby ........................................................................... 11 Primary, Physical Standby and Logical Standby............................................... 11
#initprima.ora .....................................................................................................................................12 #initphyst.ora......................................................................................................................................12 #initlogst.ora ......................................................................................................................................13 #physt.sh ............................................................................................................................................14 --phystcp.sql.......................................................................................................................................14 #logst.sh .............................................................................................................................................14 #dupli.rcv ...........................................................................................................................................14 --flashbackon.sql ................................................................................................................................14 #listener.ora........................................................................................................................................15

    

ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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Customize listener.ora and tnsnames.ora (with netmgr or editor) Important entry in listener.ora for later use of Data Guard Broker: GLOBAL_DBNAME = primaB'*0*5/ GLOBAL_DBNAME = physt_DGMGRL cd skripte ./prima.sh
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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter database force logging; shutdown immediate; startup mount alter database archivelog; alter database open;
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exit; cd $HOME/skripte ./physt.sh

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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter database create standby controlfile as /home/oracle/physt/control01.ctl;

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connect sys/oracle@physt as sysdba create spfile from pfile=/home/oracle/skripte/initphyst.ora; startup nomount; alter database mount standby database;
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alter database add standby logfile /home/oracle/physt/sblog_g1m1.rdo size 100m; alter database add standby logfile /home/oracle/physt/sblog_g2m1.rdo size 100m; alter database add standby logfile /home/oracle/physt/sblog_g3m1.rdo size 100m; recover managed standby database disconnect;

   

ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter system set log_archive_dest_2=service=physt valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=physt;

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alter system archive log current;

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tail f $HOME/physt/bdump/ale*
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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter database add standby logfile '/home/oracle/prima/sblog_g1m1.rdo' size 100m; alter database add standby logfile '/home/oracle/prima/sblog_g2m1.rdo' size 100m; alter database add standby logfile '/home/oracle/prima/sblog_g3m1.rdo' size 100m;

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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter system set dg_broker_start=true; connect sys/oracle@physt as sysdba alter system set dg_broker_start=true; exit
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dgmgrl help connect sys/oracle@prima create configuration myconfig as primary database is prima connect identifier is prima; add database physt as connect identifier is physt maintained as physical; enable configuration; show configuration verbose;

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dgmgrl> connect sys/oracle@prima show configuration verbose; show database verbose physt;

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edit database prima set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit database physt set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit configuration set protection mode as maxprotection; show configuration verbose;
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edit database prima set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit database physt set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit configuration set protection mode as maxavailability; show configuration verbose;
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edit configuration set protection mode as maxperformance; edit database prima set property LogXptMode=ASYNC; edit database physt set property LogXptMode=ASYNC; show configuration verbose;
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edit configuration set protection mode as maxperformance; edit database prima set property LogXptMode=ARCH; edit database physt set property LogXptMode=ARCH; show configuration verbose;

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select distinct owner,table_name from dba_logstdby_unsupported order by owner,table_name;

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select owner, table_name from dba_logstdby_not_unique where table_name not in (select table_name from dba_logstdby_unsupported);
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alter database add supplemental log data (primary key, unique index) columns;
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exit ./logst.sh
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connect sys/oracle@logst as sysdba create spfile from pfile=/home/oracle/skripte/initlogst.ora; startup nomount

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exit rman cmdfile=dupli.rcv

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ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba

alter system set log_archive_dest_3=service=logst valid_for=(online_logfiles, primary_role) db_unique_name=logst; alter system set undo_retention=3600;
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execute dbms_logstdby.build
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connect sys/oracle@logst as sysdba alter database recover to logical standby logst; shutdown immediate startup mount alter database open resetlogs; alter database start logical standby apply;

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connect sys/oracle@logst as sysdba alter system set dg_broker_start=true; dgmgrl>connect sys/oracle@prima show configuration verbose; add database logst as connect identifier is logst maintained as logical; enable database logst; show configuration verbose;
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edit database prima set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit database physt set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit database logst set property LogXptMode=SYNC; edit configuration set protection mode as maxprotection; show configuration verbose;
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dgmgrl>connect sys/oracle@SULPD switchover to physt;

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dgmgrl>connect sys/oracle@SK\VW failover to physt;

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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba @$HOME/skripte/flashbackon;

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recover managed standby database cancel; flashback database to timestamp to_timestamp(2005-10-20:16:30:00,yyyy-mm-dd:hh24:mi:ss);

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alter database open read only; select ...; shutdown immediate startup mount recover managed standby database [using current logfile] disconnect;

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NewPrimary > select standby_became_primary_scn from v$database; OldPrimary OldPrimary OldPrimary OldPrimary > > > > flashback database to scn <s.o.>; alter database convert to physical standby; shutdown immediate startup mount

DGMGRL> reinstate database OldPrimary;

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EDIT DATABASE prima SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverTarget = physt; EDIT DATABASE physt SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverTarget = prima; EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROPERTY FastStartFailoverThreshold = 20;

ENABLE FAST_START FAILOVER;

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START OBSERVER;

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VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=physt STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/prima/archive/

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/physt/archive/

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VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/prima/archive2

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/logst/archive2

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VALID_FOR= (ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST= /home/oracle/prima/archive

VALID_FOR= (ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST= /home/oracle/physt/archive

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VALID_FOR= (ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=physt LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3=

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VALID_FOR= (STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst' STANDBY_ARCHVE_DEST= /home/oracle/logst/archive2

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LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= DG_CONFIG=(prima,physt, logst) LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= LOCATION=/home/oracle/prima/archive/ VALID_FOR= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= ' DG_CONFIG=(prima,physt, logst)' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= ' LOCATION=/home/oracle/physt/archive/ VALID_FOR= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=physt' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

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LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= DG_CONFIG=(prima,logst) LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= LOCATION=/home/oracle/prima/archive1/ VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= LOCATION=/home/oracle/prima/archive2 VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3=

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= DG_CONFIG=(prima,logst) LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= LOCATION=/home/oracle/logst/archive1/ VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= LOCATION=/home/oracle/logst/archive2/ VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=logst LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3=

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LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= DG_CONFIG=(prima,physt) LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= LOCATION=/home/oracle/prima/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prima LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG= DG_CONFIG=(prima,physt) LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= LOCATION=/home/oracle/physt/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=physt LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

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compatible=10.2.0 db_block_size=8192 db_name=prima db_unique_name=prima instance_name=prima control_files=/home/oracle/prima/control01.ctl sga_target=180m pga_aggregate_target=20m undo_management=auto undo_tablespace=undotbs1 log_archive_config=dg_config=(prima,physt,logst) log_archive_dest_1=location=/home/oracle/prima/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=prima standby_archive_dest=/home/oracle/prima/archive/ standby_file_management=auto processes=100 db_recovery_file_dest= db_domain= background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/prima/bdump core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/prima/cdump user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/prima/udump remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive
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compatible=10.2.0 db_block_size=8192 db_name=prima db_unique_name=physt instance_name=physt control_files=/home/oracle/physt/control01.ctl sga_target=180m pga_aggregate_target=20m undo_management=auto undo_tablespace=undotbs1 db_file_name_convert=/home/oracle/prima,/home/oracle/physt log_file_name_convert=/home/oracle/prima,/home/oracle/physt log_archive_config=dg_config=(prima,physt,logst) log_archive_dest_1=location=/home/oracle/physt/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=physt standby_archive_dest=/home/oracle/physt/archive/ standby_file_management=auto processes=100 db_recovery_file_dest= db_domain= background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/physt/bdump core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/physt/cdump user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/physt/udump remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive

14321 

ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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compatible=10.2.0 db_block_size=8192 db_name=prima db_unique_name=logst instance_name=logst control_files=/home/oracle/logst/control01.ctl sga_target=180m pga_aggregate_target=20m undo_management=auto undo_tablespace=undotbs1 undo_retention=3600 db_file_name_convert=/home/oracle/prima,/home/oracle/logst log_file_name_convert=/home/oracle/prima,/home/oracle/logst log_archive_config=dg_config=(prima,physt,logst) log_archive_dest_1=location=/home/oracle/logst/archive1 valid_for=(online_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=logst log_archive_dest_2=location=/home/oracle/logst/archive2 valid_for=(standby_logfiles,standby_role) db_unique_name=logst standby_archive_dest=/home/oracle/logst/archive2/ standby_file_management=auto processes=100 db_recovery_file_dest= db_domain= background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/logst/bdump core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/logst/cdump user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/logst/udump remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive

14321 

ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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mkdir /home/oracle/physt mkdir /home/oracle/physt/bdump mkdir /home/oracle/physt/cdump mkdir /home/oracle/physt/udump mkdir /home/oracle/physt/archive mkdir /home/oracle/physt/flashback export ORACLE_SID=physt rm /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwphyst orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwphyst password=oracle sqlplus /nolog @phystcp.sql
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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba startup force; shutdown immediate; host echo "Datendateien kopieren..." host cp /home/oracle/prima/*.dbf /home/oracle/physt startup exit
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mkdir /home/oracle/logst mkdir /home/oracle/logst/bdump mkdir /home/oracle/logst/cdump mkdir /home/oracle/logst/udump mkdir /home/oracle/logst/archive export ORACLE_SID=logst rm /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwlogst orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwlogst password=oracle
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connect target sys/oracle@prima configure channel device type disk format /home/oracle/backup/%U; backup database; backup current controlfile for standby; connect auxiliary sys/oracle@logst duplicate target database for standby;
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connect sys/oracle@prima as sysdba alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5g; alter system set db_recovery_file_dest=/home/oracle/prima/flashback; shutdown immediate startup mount alter database flashback on; alter database open; connect sys/oracle@logst as sysdba alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5g; alter system set db_recovery_file_dest=/home/oracle/logst/flashback; alter database stop logical standby apply; shutdown immediate startup mount alter database flashback on; alter database open; alter database start logical standby apply immediate; connect sys/oracle@physt as sysdba alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5g; alter system set db_recovery_file_dest=/home/oracle/physt/flashback; recover managed standby database cancel; alter database flashback on; recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;

1432#  !

ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)

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#Der HOST edd2r7p15 muss durch den jeweiligen Rechnernamen ersetzt werden #GLOBAL_DBNAME=prima_DGMGRL ist erforderlich fuer den Data Guard Broker LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC)) ) (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edd2r7p15)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = prima_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = prima) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = physt_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = physt) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = logst_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = logst) ) )

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ORACLE 10g Data Guard on the Command Line - Uwe Hesse (ORACLE University)