Distance

The Port of Long Beach to China

1
Objective and Standard

• Students will solve real world cost problems by

using the distance formula.

• California Standards:
Geometry 15: Students use the Pythagorean
Theorem to determine distance and find missing
lengths of sides of right triangles.
Geometry 17: Students prove theorems using
coordinate geometry, including the midpoint of a
line segment, the distance formula, and various
forms of equations of lines and circles.

2
The Cartesian Coordinate System

• The Cartesian
coordinate system
was originally
developed by the
French philosopher
and
mathematician
René Descartes.
You may recognize
his famous quote:
“ I think, therefore, I am.”

3
The Cartesian Coordinate Plane

• Legend has it that Descartes first

devised the coordinate system while
watching a bug crawl across the ceiling.

• His development of the coordinate

plane helped to bring together the two
disciplines of Algebra and Geometry.

4
Purpose

• The coordinate system allows us to

study the distance between two
points on a plane.

• We can use this information to solve

real world problems such as
calculating costs associated with
shipping cargo to and from the Port
of Long Beach.

5
Review of the Basics

Y
• The Cartesian
coordinate plane Quadrant II Quadrant I
has four quadrants. (- ,+) (+,+)
The quadrant the
point occupies is X
dependent upon
Quadrant III Quadrant IV
the x and y
(-,-) (+,-)
coordinates (x, y)
(or vice – versa).

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Plotting Points

• We plot points Y
according to the
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ordered pair, (x, y). (5,4)
Let’s plot point (5,4).
54 4

• The x-coordinate tells 2

us how far from the X

origin to move, left or 2 4 6
right.

• The y-coordinate tells

us how far to move
from the origin, up or
down.

7
Practice

• Draw a coordinate plane. Label the

x and y axis. Plot the following
points.
A. (-3, -3)
B. (4,2)
• When you are done, compare your
work with your neighbor.

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Check your answer

• Draw a 6

coordinate 4
B (4, 2)
plane. Label the 2

x and y axis. 2 4 6
X

Plot the
following points. A (-3,-3)
A. (-3, -3)
B. (4, 2)

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Locating the Quadrant

Y
Again, the II 6 I
quadrant the point 4
is in will depend
2
upon the signs of
X
x and y. For 2 4 6

example, the
point (4, -3) would III VI
be located in
quadrant IV.

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Shout Out
What quadrant is the point in?

A. (-2,3)? Quadrant II Quadrant I

(Quadrant II) A

C. (-4, 0)

(B is on the X – B

axis)
C
C. (2, -4) Quadrant III Quadrant IV

(Quadrant IV)

11
Practice

• Plot the following points and identify

the quadrant in which the they are
located.
1. (5,-4)
2. (0,-3)
3. (2,1)
4. (-4,-5)

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Check your work

1.(5,-4) II 6 I

2.(0,-3) 4

3.(2,1) (0,-3)
2 (2,1)

4.(-4,-5) 2 4 6
X

(-4,-5) (5,-4)
III
VI

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Pythagorean Theorem

• We will see that the distance formula is

the Pythagorean theorem.

• If a2 + b2 = c2 where a and b are the

lengths of the legs and c is the length of
the hypotenuse and given p1 (x1,y1) and
p2 (x2,y2),

• Then a is the difference between x1 and

x2 and b is the difference between y1 and
y2, and c is the length between the two
points (the distance).

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Distance Formula and the
Pythagorean Theorem

Y c2 = a2 + b2
(xx2, y22) or
2

Distance
-
( x2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y2 − y1 ) 2

- (xx1, y1) ( x2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y2 − y1 ) 2
x

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An Example

(-4,6)
• Find the distance 6

between the 4

points (3, 2) and (3,2)

2
(-4, 6).
X
-4 -2 2 4 6

D =  + 

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Check for Understanding

• Find the distance

6 (1,5)
between the
points (1, 5) and 4

(4,2). 2
(4,2)

X
-4 -2 2 4 6

• Raise your right hand if your answer is 3√2, raise

your left hand if it is not.
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Calculate the distance between
the given points.

1. (-4,3) and (7,-5) 2. (3,8) and (10,-12)

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The Port of Long Beach

• The Port of Long Beach is the

second busiest port in the United
States and the 12th busiest port in
the world.
• By far, the largest inbound trading
partner is China accounting for 41%
of the containers coming into the
port and 42% of the cargo leaving
the port.

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Input
The Port of Long Beach
The Port of Long Beach covers 11.9
square miles and 35 miles of
waterfront.

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The Port of Long Beach
It has 10 piers…

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Input
The Port of Long Beach

…80 Berths…

Pier T with 5 Vessels at Berth

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The Port of Long Beach
…and 71 post-panamax gantry cranes.

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The Port of Long Beach
Each year more than $100 billion worth of
cargo passes through the Port of Long
Beach.

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If cargo has come from China, it has
covered a vast distance…

United States
Long Beach
China

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…on a massive container
ship.

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Applying the Distance
Formula

• We will use the distance formula to

calculate the distance (on a two
dimensional map) that the container
ships must travel from China to Long
Beach. We will then calculate the
approximate fuel cost of these voyages.

• Since we are using a coordinate plane,

these calculations will be approximations
as the distance formula is a planar tool…

27
Planar Representation of Earth

28
Applying the Distance Formula

• We will use the distance formula to

calculate the distance (on a two
dimensional map) that the container
ships must travel from China to Long
Beach. We will then calculate the
approximate cost of these voyages.

• Since we are using a coordinate plane,

these calculations will be approximations
as the distance formula is a planar tool,
and the earth itself is round.

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Planar Representation of Earth

30
The Hanjin Amsterdam

The Hanjin Amsterdam has just

finished unloading and loading cargo
at the Port of Shanghai (point S).

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The Hanjin Amsterdam

The Hanjin Amsterdam has just

finished unloading and loading cargo
at the Port of Shanghai (point S).
It is setting sail for the Port of Long
Beach.

33
Shanghai, China

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The Hanjin Amsterdam

The Hanjin Amsterdam has just

finished unloading and loading cargo
at the Port of Shanghai (point S).
It is setting sail for the port of Long
Beach.
Using the data on the figure,
calculate the distance the Hanjin
Amsterdam must sail to reach the
Port of Long Beach (point L).

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 Y

(3490.8, 2331.5)
L
S
(-3414.8, 2152)

X
Solution

2
D = x2 − x1 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
D = (−3414.8 − 3490.8) 2 + (2152 − 2331.5) 2
D = (−6905.6) 2 + (−179.5) 2
D = 47,687,311.36 + 32,220.25
D = 47,719,531.61
D = 6907.9mi

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Check for Understanding

• The OOCL Los Angeles is sailing

from Zhanjiang to Honolulu and
then on to Long Beach. (Take a
moment to copy this information on
your paper.) Using the information
on the following graph, calculate the
distance the ship will traverse.
Write your answer on your white
board.

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 (3490.8, 2231.5)
Long Beach

Zhanjiang
Honolulu
(-2465, 2234.7)
(1423.5, 1470.7)
Solution
Distance from Zhanziang to Honolulu
2
D = x2 − x1 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
D = 1,423.5 − (−2,465) 2 + (1,470.7 − 2,234.7) 2
D = 3,888.52 + (−764) 2
D = 15,120,432.25 + 583,696
D = 15,704,128.25
D = 3,962.8mi

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 (3490.8, 2231.5)
Long Beach

Zhanjiang
Honolulu
(-2465, 2234.7)
(1423.5, 1470.7)

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Solution
Distance from Honolulu to Long Beach

2
D = x2 − x1 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
D = 3490.76 − 1423.5 2 + (2231.5 − 1470.7) 2
D = 2067.26 2 + (760.8) 2
D = 4,273,563.9 + 578,816.64
D = 4,852,380.5
D = 2202.8mi

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Solution Continued…

• Total Distance:
• 3962.8 + 2202.8=6165.6 mi
• The total distance the ship traveled
is approximately 6,165.6 mi.

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How much does fuel cost?

• Using data from 2005 we can estimate

the cost per mile for shipping between
China and Long Beach as $87.50 per mile.

• Use this information and your answer

from the last problem to calculate the
total cost of fuel for the OOCL Los Angeles
to sail from Zhanjiang to Honolulu and
then on to Long Beach.

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Cost of Fuel

• Total Distance: 6165.6 mi.

• Approximate cost of fuel per mile:
$87.50
• (6165.6)(87.5)=$539,490
• The approximate cost of fuel for the
trip from Zhanjiang, China to
Honolulu, HI and then to Long
Beach, CA was $539,490.

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Check for Understanding

• Turn to your neighbor and explain

to them how you calculated the fuel
cost for the OOCL Los Angeles.

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Practice

In 2006, fuel costs had risen to

approximately $171.86 per mile.
Calculate the total distance the OOCL
Los Angeles will travel if it departs out
of Shanton, docks in Long Beach and
then returns to Shanton. Calculate the
approximate fuel cost of the roundtrip
voyage.

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 (3490.76, 2231.5)
Long Beach

Shanton

(-4009.2,1545.5)

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Solution
2
D = x2 − x1 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
D = 3490.8 − (−4009.2) 2 + (2231.5 − 1545.5) 2
D = 7500 2 + (686) 2
D = 56250000 + 470596
D = 56720596
D = 7531.3mi

Round Trip: (7,531)(2)= 15062.6mi

Cost: 171.86(15062.6)= $2,588,661

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Solution

• If the one way distance was

7,531mi, then the round trip voyage
was approximately 15,062.6mi.
• Therefore the cost of the total
voyage was approximately,
$2,588,66.

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Closure

• Write a summary of today’s lesson,

focusing on the real-world
application of the distance formula.
Looking at the answers for the last
two problems, how can shipping
costs affect consumers and
producers in the United States?

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