2012

21

Microwave Antenna Alignment

www.huawei.com

Wang Fuzhong Transmission Engineering Dept.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Tools and Resources for antenna Alignment

 Riggers for antenna alignment: 4person, 2 for each site  Multimeter: 2pcs, one for each site

 Laptop: 1, for Radio configuration and RSL check  Engineering Order Wire handset  Spanner (Wrench)  Binoscopic

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Antenna Radial Profile

>15dB

Simplified to

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Antenna Radial Pattern Envelope (RPE)

Top or side View of the antenna (RPE)

Main Beam

1st Side Lobe

The theoretic difference of the gains between main beam with 1st side lobe: 15 to 20dB. During panning, If the difference between RSL with objective is less than 15dB, it means the main beam already touched. Just do the fine-tuning.

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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

1st Side Lobe

Main beam

Boresight View

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Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

Main beam
Main beam HPBW

Side View

Boresight View

1st Side Lobe

Main beam

Top View

FNBW: First Null BeamWidth

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Antenna Alignment
Pan the antenna by Multi-meter & LCT

+3.45V

ODU

Multi-Meter RSSI or AGC Voltage

IF CABLE

RSSI/VAGC

1st Side Lobe Main beam

Azimuth

IDU

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Antenna panning (Horizontal)

Top View
Main beam
Main beam

1st Side Lobe

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Antenna Panning (Vertical)

Main beam

Main beam

Side View

1st Side Lobe

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Antenna Alignment (Horizontal)

Misaligned

Proper Aligned

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Antenna Alignment
Boresight View of Azimuth Tracking Paths for Different Elevations Signal Levels for Each Track

Line A-A represents the azimuth tracking path of a properly aligned antenna. The main beam is at point 2, and the first side lobe at points 1 and 3.

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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Up and Down Misaligned

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

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Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Aligned properly

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

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Special alignment to mitigate specular reflection multipath fading for extremely long haul
Proper Aligned

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane A little up-tilt (0.35 to 0.5 degree, depending on the FNBW) of the antennas so as to mitigate major ground specular refelection which result in multi-path fading at long haul link which over water-body

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Steps for MW Installation

 Check RFT (Ready for Telecom)

 Safety check  Antenna and Outdoor works first under good weather condition  IF cabling or Elliptical waveguide laying  Indoor works (even in bad weather or night time)  Labelling all the cables and links  Grounding  Premises Cleaning after the works
 Power Tapping  etc.

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Steps for antennas panning

 Pointing both side antennas to each other by azimuth

 Power on both sides radio  Panning by multi-meters as well as Laptop with LCT  Keep one antenna, i.e. Antenna #01 immobility (fixed temporary)  Panning antenna #02 (coordinate antenna) at azimuth first(Horizental), achieve RSL(or RSSI) peak, then by up/down (or Vertically), achieve the peak RSL (or RSSI) also, fix it temporary  Panning antenna #01 with the same way as above, then fix it  Panning both sides antennas alternately till to achieve expected RSL

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Thank You
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