DVD

DVD (),
. DVD Digital Versatile Disk ( ).

DVD 1996 1997 .

1990-
. Multimedia Compact Disc (MMCD)
Philips Sony, Super Disc 8
, Toshiba Time Warner.
IBM,
, VHS Betacam 1980-. DVD
1995 . DVD
1996 . DVD Forum
( DVD Consortium), 10 -
220 . , DVD-R, Pioneer
1997 . , DVD-R
1.0, 17000$. 3.95 50$ . DVD
Digital Video Disc ( ),
. , ,
,
DVD Digital Versatile Disc ( ). Toshiba,
DVD Forum, Digital Versatile Disc.
, DVD .
Technology

Internal mechanism of a DVD-ROM Drive

DVD uses 650 nm wavelength laser diode light as opposed to 780 nm for CD. This permits a smaller
spot on the media surface (1.32 m for DVD versus 2.11 m for CD).
Writing speeds for DVD were 1, that is 1350 kB/s (1318 KiB/s), in the first drives and media models.
More recent models at 18 or 20 have 18 or 20 times that speed. Note that for CD drives, 1
means 153.6 kB/s (150 KiB/s), 9 times slower.

DVD :
DVD-Video ( );
DVD-Audio ( ,
--);
DVD-Data ;
.

-,
, DVD UDF (
ISO 9660)).
DVD :
DVD-ROM , (
-),
;

DVD+R/RW (R Recordable) (RW

ReWritable) ;

DVD-R/RW (R Recordable) (RW

ReWritable) ;

DVD-RAM
(RAM Random Access Memory).

4 DVD (.
). DVD CD (
- 702 MB ).
CD 4,7GB (DVD5)
8,5GB (DVD9), , .
, DVD - DVD10, 9,4 GB. -
, DVD 17 GB, .. DVD18. DVD
0,6 , 1,2 ,
CD . DVD
-
(DVD5, DVD9, DVD10, DVD14, DVD18).

12 cm,
12 cm,
8 cm,
8 cm,

GB
GiB
GB
GiB
4.7
4.38
8.5
7.92
9.4
8.75
17.1 15.93
1.4
1.30
2.6
2.42
2.8
2.61
5.2
4.84

: GB 109 , GiB 230 .

DVD CD (),
/ a.
- , - , - -
- .
2

 DVD , CD
. - - ,
- .
Specification

CD

DVD

1600 nanometers

740 nanometers

Minimum Pit Length

(single-layer DVD)

830 nanometers
</FONT< td>

400 nanometers

Minimum Pit Length

(double-layer DVD)

830 nanometers

440 nanometers

Track Pitch

DVD -
DVD .
. CD , DVD
, DVD
Region Code, CSS (Content Scrambling System) .
HD-DVD (High Definition DVD) BD (BlueRay Disc) ,
, DVD .
DVD , DVD ,
, , .
DVD : DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVDRAM, DVD+R, DVD+RW,
( DVD
DVD-RAM). , , DVD
DVD-Video, DVD-Audio DVD-ROM ( ).
. DVD ;
2048 . DVD
2048 , DVD
( 1- ; 2-, , 2 ):

1- DVD-R(W)

2 298 496

4 707 319 808

4,7

4,384

1- DVD+R(W)

2 295 104

4 700 372 992

4,7

4,378

1- DVD-RAM

2 295 072

4 700 307 456

4,7

4,378

2- DVD-R(W)

4 171 712

8 543 666 176

8,5

7,957

2- DVD+R(W)

4 173 824

8 547 991 552

8,5

7,961

2- DVD-RAM

: DVD-R(W) , ,
4,7 .
2 298 496 , .
, ()
:
, , -.
(1x) / DVD 1 385 000 / ( 1352
/ = 1,32 /), 9- (9x) / CD,
9 150 = 1350 /. , 16-
( ) DVD 16 1,32 = 21,12 /.
DVDR
DVD-R(W) 1997 . DVD-Forum'
() .
,
DVD+RW Alliance, 2002 .
DVD+R(W), . (
) DVD+R(W) , DVD-R(W), .
+ - . DVD
,
. + -
, . ,
. ,
DVD-R(W) 5 DVD+R(W),
DVD-R(W). ,
4

 , (
DVD-) .
DVD-Video
DVD-Video - DVD
.
8 ,
, 8 ,
- 2 3 / 4/ . DVD-Video
32 , ,

, - .
DVD-video.
Format

Capacity

Approx. Movie Time

Single-sided/single-layer

4.38 GB

2 hours

Single-sided/double-layer

7.95 GB

4 hours

Double-sided/single-layer

8.75 GB

4.5 hours

Double-sided/double-layer

15.9 GB

Over 8 hours

DVD DVD- MPEG-2 (

DVD- , DVD-
). DVD
MPEG-2 ( )
. 2000 9800 /,
(. VBR variable bitrate). PAL
720x576 , NTSC - 720x480 . DVD-
PCM, DTS, MPEG Dolby Digital (AC-3). ,
NTSC, DVD PCM AC-3,
NTSC- . ,
. ,
PAL ( ),
DVD PCM MPEG-2,
Philips, DVD-Forum Dolby AC-3
.
DVD Audio
DVD DVD - . DVD
, ,
. --
DVD, DVD 192kHz/24-bit --
(DAC). DVD 96kHz/24-bit --
. , DVD, ,
DVD 192kHz/24-bit -- .
DVD .
-
DVD. - 74 . DVD
74 , 192kHz/24-bit .
5

 , DVD
. DVD 6 ,
-, 96kHz/24-bit . , DVD
CD.
Specification

CD Audio DVD Audio

Sampling Rate

44.1 kHz

192 kHz

Samples Per Second

44,100

192,000

Sampling Accuracy

16-bit

24-bit

Number of Possible Output Levels

65,536

16,777,216

- DVD, , DAC
(. ,
<http://www.howstuffworks.com/analog-digital.htm> ).
,
, .

Comparison of a raw audio signal to the CD audio and DVD

audio output

, DVD -.
, DVD , -
.
, <http://www.howstuffworks.com/moviesound4.htm> DVD,
<http://www.howstuffworks.com/home-theater.htm> ,
, , " ,
" .
- , ,
, DVD
5.1 . ,
DTS <http://www.howstuffworks.com/movie-sound3.htm> ,
DVD DTS, .

DVD ,
,
.
. DVD
,
. DVD -

 - ,
.

DTS,
DVD 5.1 ,
.

DVD-Video .
, ,
.
,
, .
. ,
. DVD - , . ALL,
ALL .
DVD 6 , ()
.
,
. () "ALL"
() .
:
1. ,
2. , , , .
3. ,
4. , , , , ,
5. , , , ,
6.

- ()
.
,
- DVD
.
.
HD DVD
HD DVD
DVD
,
15 4.7.
HD DVD
Toshiba NEC.

Advanced Optical Disc (AOD), 19 2003 DVD Forum

HD DVD.
HD DVD-ROM HD DVD-Rewritable 1.0; HD DVD-R 0.9;
HD DVD-RAM .
Blu-ray.

HD-DVD (, , ECC),
, DVD.
, ECC HD DVD ECC DVD,
. HD DVD 15,
30. HD DVD-RAM 20, .
DVD, HD DVD 0.6
.
0.65, DVD 0.6. HD DVD
DVD CD. HD DVD
, ISO 9660 Universal Disk Format (UDF);
UDF 2.5.

12 , 15
30
12 , 30
60
8 , 4.7
9.4
8 cm, 9.4
18.8

, DVD-Video
DVD . Combo disc ,
DVD, HD DVD. Twin disc , ,
DVD HD DVD.


2 24-/192 8 24-/96 . HD DVD
() PCM, Dolby Digital EX, DTS, Dolby
Digital Plus Dolby TrueHD. , ,
, : DTS-HD High
Resolution Audio DTS-HD Master Audio.

HD DVD CIF (352288 @ 29.97/,

YCbCr 4:2:0) SDTV ( ), DVD-Video HDTV 720p, 1080i 1080p.
MPEG2, DVD, ,
, VC-1 AVC.

HD DVD Advanced Access Content System

(AACS). AACS Licensing Administrator,
Disney, Intel, Microsoft, Matsushita (Panasonic), Warner Brothers, IBM, Toshiba Sony.
AACS CSS, DVD,
,
. 2006 Processing Key,
HD DVD , . AACS LA
,
.
HD DVD .

HD DVD HDi Interactive Format HDi,

- HTML, XML, CSS, SMIL ECMAScript (JavaScript),
HDi -.
3x DVD
HD DVD DVD 3x DVD.
3x DVD , DVD. 8.5 DVD
85 1080p , VC-1 AVC 13
/.
9


. 2007 Toshiba
HD DVD 17 ,
51 ,
Blu-ray Disc
Blu-ray Disc, BD
, 12 8
405 .

Blu-ray - ,
. e blue
, blue ray
. (405),
Blu-ray , DVD, 650.
BD 25, 5 DVD. BD
50, 6 DVD (8.5). 1
36 /.

MPEG-2, MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) VC-1.

Blu-ray Disc PDD , Sony 2004
, BD . PDD
, .
Blu-ray Disc Association, Matsushita,
Pioneer, Philips, Thomson, LG Electronics, Hitachi, Sharp, Samsung Sony.
250 .
HD DVD.

50 9 (HD) 23
.

( ) ( )
12 , 25
50
12 cm, 50
100
8 , 7.8
15.6
8 , 15.6
31.2

10


Blu-ray 4 .

1.0: , Blu-ray 2007.

64
. . 31
2007 1.1.

1.1: Profile 1.1, Final Standard

Profile/ . ,
, , (
--), (
), 265
, . 1.1 ,
31 2007.
1.1 . , 1.1
,
.

2.0 (BD-Live):

1. .

3 (): 3 -
BD-J.

BD ,
.
.

: 100
, 200 6 33.
CES 2007 Ritek 10- ,
Blu-ray 250, HD DVD 150.
JVC DVD HD
BD/DVD.
BD-9
BD-9 DVD, Blu-ray.
.

,
. BD-ROM
ISO MPEG-2, H.264/AVC SMPTE VC-1. MPEG-2
DVD. H.264, MPEG-4 part 10 .
VC-1 MPEG-4 Microsoft Windows Media 9.
MPEG-2,
.
BD-ROM Dolby Digital AC-3,
DTS PCM ( 7.1 ). Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby TrueHD DTS HD
11

. (primary )
, . 6- PCM Dolby TrueHD or DTS-HD Master Audio
24 /192 ; 8- 24 /96 .
Blu-ray .
Java
Java Blu-ray. Java (
) ( DVD
). Java Blu-ray
BD-J Globally Executable MHP (GEM).

Blu-ray , DVD.

, , , , , -
A/1
, , , , , ,
B/2
C/3

, , , ,

AACS, BD+, BD-ROM Mark.

Mandatory Managed Copy,
; .
Samsung

13 2006

Samsung Electronics ,
HD (HD DVD Blu-ray). Samsung BDUP5000 BD-Java Blu-ray HDi HD DVD.
, LG,
- , HDi.
HD DVD Blu-ray

. Warner.
DVD, Blu-ray, HD DVD .
- Blu-ray ( 0,1 )
, HD DVD ( 0,6 ). DVD
. ,
.
12

13