Cable Suspended Bridges

Cable Suspended Bridges
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CABLE-SUSPENED BRIDGES D
15.97
A. M. Abdel -Ghaffar, and L. I. Rubin, V ertical Seismic Behavior of Suspension Bridges, The International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, vol. 11, JanuaryFebruary, 1983. A. M. Abd el-Gha ffar, and L. I. Rub La in, teral Ear thquak Res e pons of Sus e pens ion Bridges, Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, vol. 109, no ST3, March, 1983. A. M. Abdel-Ghaffar, and J. D. Rood, Simplied Earthquake Analysis of Suspension Bridge Towers, Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, vol. 108, no. / 100 EM2, April, 1982.)
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1 5 . 9 8
FIGURE 15.68
Scheme for spinning four wires at a time for the cables of the Forth Road Bridge.
CABLE-SUSPENED BRIDGES D
15.99

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15.100
SECTION FIFTEEN
FIGURE 15.69
(Continued )
Typical cable bands are illustrated in Figs. 15.39 and 15.40. These are usually made of paired semic , ylindrcal steel casti gs with clampi g bolts, over which the i n n wirerope or stran d suspenders are looped or attached by socket ttings. Cable-stayed structures are ideally suited for erection by cantilevering into the main span from the piers. The oretically, erection coul be sim d plied by hav ing tem porary erection hinges at the points of cable attachment to the girder, rendering the system statically determinate, then making these hinges continuous after dead load has been applied. The practical implementation of this is difcult, however, because the axial forces in the girder are larger and would have to be concentrated in the hinges. Therefore, construction usually follows con tional tactics of can ven tilevering the girder con tinuous and adjusting the cab as ly les necessary to meet the required geometrical and statical constraints. A typical erection sequence is illustrated in Fig. 15.69. Erection should meet the requirements that, on completion, the girder should follow a prescribed gradient; the cables and pylons should have their true system lengths; the pylons should be vertical, and all movable bearings should be in a neutral position. To accomplish this, all members, before erection, must have a deformed shape the same as, but opposite in direction to, that which they would have under dead load. The girder is accordingly cambered, and also lengthened by the amount of its axial shortening under dead load. The pylons and cable are treated in similar manner. Ere ction oper ations are aided by raising or lower ing supp orts or sadd les, to introduce prestress as required. All erection operations should be so planned that the stresses during the erection operations do not exceed those due to dead and live load when the structure is completed; otherwise loss of economy will result.

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Cable Suspended Bridges

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