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∆Ô °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô Ì·˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÙÔÈÌ¿ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ÙÚ›ÙÔ Ù‡¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ¢Â›ÎÙË ∞ÁÔÚ¿˜ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ,
Ô˘ ÛÎÔfi ¤¯ÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÓË̤ڈÛË ÙÔ˘ ÎÔÈÓÔ‡ ÁÈ· ÙȘ ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡Û˜ ÙÈ̤˜, ÙȘ Ù¿ÛÂȘ
Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ Î·È Ù˜ ‰ÈΤ˜ Ì·˜ ÚԂϤ„ÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¿ÌÂÛÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ.
O ¢Â›ÎÙ˘ ηχÙÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·fi ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2005-2007 Î·È Ì ÚԂϤ„ÂȘ ÁÈ·
ÙÔ ¤ÙË 2008 Î·È 2009. √ ¢Â›ÎÙ˘ Ù˘Á¯¿ÓÂÈ ·Ó·ıÂÒÚËÛ˘ οı ‰Ò‰Âη Ì‹Ó˜,
Ì ÈÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ·Ó·‰ÚÔÌ‹.
¶ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È ÁÈ· Û˘ÓÔÙÈÎfi ¢Â›ÎÙË Î·È Ë ÙÚ›ÙË ·˘Ù‹ ¤Î‰ÔÛË ı· ·ÔÙÂϤÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ‚¿ÛË
Ë ÔÔ›· ı· ÌÔÚ› ÛÙÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ Ó· ÂÂÎÙ·ı›, ÙfiÛÔ ·fi ÏÂ˘Ú¿˜ ÏÂÙÔ̤ÚÂÈ·˜
Î·È ÔÈfiÙËÙ·˜, fiÛÔ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏ· ı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ∞ÁÔÚ¿ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ.
ªÂ 75 ¿ÙÔÌ· ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi Î·È Ì ٷ 8 ÁÚ·Ê›· ÙÔ˘ Û fiϘ ÙȘ fiÏÂȘ Î·È ¤Ó· ÛÙÔ
µÔ˘ÎÔ˘Ú¤ÛÙÈ-ƒÔ˘Ì·Ó›·, ·Û¯ÔÏÂ›Ù·È Ì fiÏÔ ÙÔ Ê¿ÛÌ· Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ, ΢ڛˆ˜
ÛÙÔ˘˜ ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜:
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™˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙ· ∫ÔÈÓ¿: ∂›Ù ˘fi ÌÔÚÊ‹ ·Ó¿ıÂÛ˘, ›Ù ·fi ȉ›·Ó ÚˆÙÔ‚Ô˘Ï›·,
ÙÔ °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÂÈ Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ
∞ÁÔÚ¿ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ. ∏ Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ °Ú·Ê›Ԣ Ì·˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔ §ÈÌ¿ÓÈ §¿Úӷη˜,
ª·Ú›Ó˜, °‹Â‰· °ÎÔÏÊ, ºÔÈÙËÙÈΤ˜ ∂Ûٛ˜, ∞fiÛ˘ÚÛË ∆Ô˘ÚÈÛÙÈÎÒÓ ∫ÏÈÓÒÓ,
√ÈÎÔ‰ÔÌÈ΋ ∞ÌÓËÛÙ›·, ¶Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ÛÙȘ ∫·ı˘ÛÙÂÚ‹ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ∞‰ÂÈÒÓ √ÈÎÔ‰ÔÌ‹˜,
º.¶.∞. ÛÙȘ ÔÈÎÔ‰Ô̤˜, ™˘ÁÎÚ¿ÙËÛË ÙˆÓ ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ,
ºÔÚÔÏÔÁ›· › ∞‰Ú·ÓÔ‡˜ ¶ÏÔ‡ÙÔ˘ ÁÈ· ·Ó·Ù˘Íȷο ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù·, ∞ÛÙÈÎfi ∞Ó·‰·ÛÌfi
Î·È ¿ÏÏ·, Â›Ó·È ÔÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·fi Ù· ı¤Ì·Ù· ÁÈ· Ù· ÔÔ›· ÙÔ °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô ¤¯ÂÈ
Û˘ÓÂÈÛʤÚÂÈ Ì ÁÚ·Ù¤˜ ÂÈÛËÁ‹ÛÂȘ ÛÙËÓ ¶ÔÏÈÙ›·. ∏ ÚfiÛÊ·ÙË Ì·˜ ‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘ÛË
ÚfiÙ·Û˘ ÁÈ· ÌÈ· √ÏÔÎÏËڈ̤ÓË ™ÙÂÁ·ÛÙÈ΋ ¶ÔÏÈÙÈ΋ Ô˘ ·Û¯ÔÏÂ›Ù·È ÌÂ
fiÏÔ ÙÔ Ê¿ÛÌ· Ù˘ ™Ù¤Á·Û˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚·ÓÔÌ¤ÓˆÓ Î·È Ó¤ˆÓ ȉÂÒÓ ÁÈ· Û˘ÁÎÚ¿ÙËÛË
ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ Û ÌÂϤÙË 80 ÛÂÏ›‰ˆÓ, Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ú·‰Ôı› ˆ˜
¤ÁÁÚ·ÊÔ ÚÔ˜ Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË ÛÙÔÓ ÀÔ˘ÚÁfi ∂ÛˆÙÂÚÈÎÒÓ/™˘ÓÙ¯ӛ˜/¶ÔÏÈÙÈο
∫fiÌÌ·Ù·, ÛÙÔ˘˜ ˘Ô„‹ÊÈÔ˘˜ ¶ÚÔ¤‰ÚÔ˘˜ Î·È ÛÙÔ ∂∆∂∫, ¤Ù˘¯Â ¢ÌÂÓÔ‡˜
Û¯ÔÏÈ·ÛÌÔ‡. ∆·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ·, Ë ¤Î‰ÔÛË ÙÔ˘ ÏËÚÔÊÔÚÈ·ÎÔ‡ Ê˘ÏÏ·‰›Ô˘ ÁÈ·
·ÁÔÚ¤˜ Í¤ÓˆÓ Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙÔÓ ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙȘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ ÛÙ· ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ·
(ÂΉfiıËΠ·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ∂͈ÙÂÚÈÎÒÓ), ¤¯ÂÈ ÙËÓ Ì¤ÁÈÛÙË Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿
·fi ÙÔ °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô Ì·˜.
√ ™∫√¶√™
√ ÛÎÔfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ¢Â›ÎÙË ∞ÁÔÚ¿˜ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ Â›Ó·È Ë ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË ÙˆÓ ÂӉȷÊÂÚÔ̤ӈÓ
ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ∫˘Úȷ΋ ∞ÁÔÚ¿ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ, Ë Û‡ÓÙÔÌË ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË Ù˘ ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘ Ô˘ ¤Ú·ÛÂ
Î·È Ë ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· Úfi‚Ï„˘ ÙˆÓ ÂÍÂϛ͈Ó, ·Ó¿ ÂÍ¿ÌËÓÔ.
√ ¢Â›ÎÙ˘ ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È ·fiÏ˘ÙÔ˜, ·ÏÏ¿ ı· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·ÔÙÂϤÛÂÈ ¤Ó·
ÂÚÁ·ÏÂ›Ô ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ·ÙÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ Î·È ÚfiÎÏËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÚfiÛıÂÙË ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË.
™∂ ¶√π√À™ ∞¶∂À£À¡∂∆∞π
™Â fiÏÔ˘˜ fiÛÔ˘˜ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙ·È Ó· ÎÚ·ÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂÓ‹ÌÂÚÔÈ Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ
ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ. ∂›Ó·È ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ ÁÈ· ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜ Î·È ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÈο Ù·Ì›·,
ÙÚ¿Â˙˜ Î·È ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, ¢ËÌfiÛȘ Î·È ∏ÌÈÎÚ·ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜,
ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ Î·È ÁÂÓÈο ÙÔ ÎÔÈÓfi.
√ ¢Â›ÎÙ˘ ·˘Ùfi˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÙÔÈÌ·Ûı› ‚¿ÛÂÈ ÙˆÓ ÁÓÒÛÂˆÓ Î·È ÂÌÂÈÚÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘
°Ú·Ê›Ԣ Ì·˜. ∆Ô °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô Ì·˜ ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÈÔ ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ Î·È ÔχÏ¢ÚÔ
°Ú·ÊÂ›Ô ™˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏˆÓ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ Î·È ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛÈÙÒÓ Ì ›ڷ ¤Ú·Ó ÙˆÓ 28 ÂÙÒÓ,
¤¯ÂÈ ÙËÓ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÂÙÔÈÌ·Û›·˜ Ù¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ‰Â›ÎÙË, ÂÓÒ ı· ‹ÙÔ Ôχ ıÂÙÈ΋ Ë
Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ¿ÏÏ· Û˘Ó·‰ÂÏÊÈο ÁÚ·Ê›·, ÚÔ˜ ÂÌÏÔ˘ÙÈÛÌfi Î·È Â¤ÎÙ·Û‹ ÙÔ˘.
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∂›ÌÂı· ÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ (›Ûˆ˜ Î·È Ó· ÌËÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ¿ÏÏÔ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ Â›
Û˘Ó¯ԇ˜/·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ‚¿Û˘) °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô ¢È‡ı˘ÓÛ˘ ã∂ÚÁˆÓ, Ì ¯ÚÔÓÈ·›·
¤ÚÁ· ÔÈÎÔ‰ÔÌÈ΋˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜ Á‡Úˆ ÛÙ· í10 ÂÎ. Î·È Ô˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó
·Ó¤ÁÂÚÛË ∆Ú·Â˙ÒÓ (.¯. Arab Bank, Barclays), ˘ÂÚ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ (√ÚÊ·Ó›‰Ë),
ÍÂÓԉԯ›· (12 ÍÂÓԉԯ›· ÎÏ), ‚ÈÔÌ˯·ÓÈΤ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ (¢‹ÌÔ˜ §Â˘ÎˆÛ›·˜)
Î·È ¿ÌÔÏÏ· ÔÈÎÈÛÙÈο/ ÂÌÔÚÈο ¤ÚÁ·. ∏ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÙˆÓ ÔÏÈÙÈÎÒÓ Ì˯·ÓÈÎÒÓ
Ì·˜, ˆÏËÙÒÓ, ÂÎÙÈÌËÙÒÓ Ì ÎÔÈÓfi ·ÚÔÓÔÌ·ÛÙ‹ Î·È Ì ٷ ÎÔÈÓ¿ ÛÂÌÈÓ¿ÚÈ·
Î·È Ì ÙȘ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈΤ˜ Û˘˙ËÙ‹ÛÂȘ ÎÏ, ‚ÔËıÔ‡Ó ÛÙËÓ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· οÔÈÔ˘
ηÏÔ‡ ¢Â›ÎÙË, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ÙÔ °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô ·˘Ùfi ¤¯ÂÈ ¿ÌÂÛË Â·Ê‹ Ì ٷ ÎfiÛÙ·
ηٷÛ΢‹˜ Î·È ÙȘ Ù¿ÛÂȘ, Ù· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È, ÙȘ ·ÁˆÓ›Â˜
ÙˆÓ ·ÈÙËÙÒÓ/·‰ÂÈÒÓ, Ù· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ fiÏË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ·
Ù˘ ·ÓÔÈÎÔ‰fiÌËÛ˘ ÎÏ.
∞˘Ù¤˜ ÏÔÈfiÓ ÔÈ 3 ·Ú¿ÌÂÙÚÔÈ fiÙ·Ó ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È Û ¤Ó· °Ú·ÊÂ›Ô ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó,
ηٿ ÙËÓ ¿Ô„Ë Ì·˜, ÌÈ· "ȉ·ÓÈ΋" ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË, Ë ÔÔ›· Î·È ‰ÂÓ ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È
Û ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË ·fi ÙÚ›ÙÔ˘˜ ÌfiÓÔ, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ì ‰Èο ÙÔ˘ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· Î·È ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›ÛÂȘ.
∂˘ÂÏÈÛÙԇ̠fiÙÈ Ô Ó¤Ô˜ ¢Â›ÎÙ˘ ÙÔ˘ 2008 ı· Â›Ó·È ÈÔ ·Ó·‚·ıÌÈṲ̂ÓÔ˜ ηÈ
ÈÔ ÂÚÈÂÎÙÈÎfi˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ˘˜ ¢Â›ÎÙ˜ Ì·˜, Ì·ı·›ÓÔÓÙ·˜ Î·È ·fi
ÙȘ ‰ÈΤ˜ Ì·˜ ·Ú·Ï‹„ÂȘ Î·È ·fi ÙȘ ηÏԉ¯ԇÌÂÓ˜ ˘Ô‰Â›ÍÂȘ ÙˆÓ Ï·ıÒÓ
Ì·˜, Ê›ÏˆÓ ÙÔ˘ °Ú·Ê›Ԣ Ì·˜.
¶›Ó·Î·˜ ∫·Ù·ÓÔÌ‹˜ ¶ËÁ‹˜ ¶ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛ˘ (¤ÙÔ˜ 2007)
∂∫∆πª∏™∂π™ ¶ø§∏™∂π™ ¶ø§∏™∂π™ ¶ø§∏™∂π™ ¢π∂À£À¡™∏
% ∆√À √§√À % ∆√À √§√À ∂™ø∆∂ƒπ∫√À ∂•ø∆∂ƒπ∫√À ∂ƒ°ø¡
∞¡∞ ∞¡∞ ∞¡∞
∂¶∞ƒÃπ∞ ∂¶∞ƒÃπ∞ ∂¶∞ƒÃπ∞
(13%). ™Â Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô 2006, Ë Ù¿ÛË Â›Ó·È ÌÂȈÙÈ΋, ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘
·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ˘ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜/ÙÈÌÒÓ, Ì ÛÙÚÔÊ‹ ÚÔ˜ Ù· ¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ·, ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÌÂÙ¿ ÙȘ
‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈ‹ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ··ÈÙ‹ÛÂˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÙÔÈÎÒÓ Û¯Â‰›ˆÓ ÁÈ· ·Ó¤ÁÂÚÛË
ÌÂÌÔӈ̤Ó˘ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜.
∞ÁÔÚ¿ ‰È·ÌÂÚÈÛÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÚÔ˜ ÂÓÔÈΛ·ÛË, ›¯Â ·˘ÍËÙÈ΋ Ù¿ÛË Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜
2006, ·ÏÏ¿ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007 ÌÂÈÒıËÎÂ ÛÂ ÔÛÔÛÙfi 17%. ∏ Ù¿ÛË ‚·›ÓÂÈ ÚÔ˜
Ì›ˆÛË, ÏfiÁˆ Ù˘ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›·˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÒÓ ·fi ÙËÓ ‡·ÚÍË ˘ÂÚÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿˜
Ô˘ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ÂΉËψı› ÂÓÙfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ¤ÙÔ˘˜ 2008 Î·È ÙÔ˘ ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ˘
ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜/ÙÈÌÒÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ Ì ٷ ÂÓÔ›ÎÈ· Ó· ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÔ˘Ó Û ·ÚfiÌÔÈ· ›‰·,
ÂÓÒ Ë ·˘ÍË̤ÓË ··›ÙËÛË ÁÈ· ȉ›· Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ÛÙÔ 40%,
›¯Â Î·È ·˘Ù‹ ÙȘ ·ÚÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȘ Ù˘.
∞ÁÔÚ¿ ÁÚ·Ê›Ԣ ÁÈ· ÂÓÔÈΛ·ÛË (5%).
* ∏ ·ÁÔÚ¿ Ù˘ §¿Úӷη˜ ·˘Í‹ıËΠ·fi 5% ÙÔ˘ fiÏÔ˘, ÛÙÔ 20% ÙÔ 2006, Û 23%
ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007, ΢ڛˆ˜ ÏfiÁˆ ÙˆÓ ÈÔ ¯·ÌËÏÒÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÙˆÓ Î·ÙÔÈÎÈÒÓ Î·È ÙÔ‡ÙÔ ÂȘ
‚¿ÚÔ˜ Ù˘ ¶¿ÊÔ˘ Î·È §ÂÌÂÛÔ‡ (·fi 30% ÌÂÚ›‰ÈÔ Ô˘ ›¯Â Ë §ÂÌÂÛfi˜ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜
2000 ÌÂÈÒıËΠÛÂ Â›Â‰Ô ÙÔ˘ 20% ÙÔ 2006 Î·È ÙÒÚ· 17% Î·È Ë ¶¿ÊÔ˜ ·fi ÙÔ
55% Û 45%). ¶·ÚfiÌÔÈ· ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Î·È ÛÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ Ù˘
ÂχıÂÚ˘ ∞ÌÌÔ¯ÒÛÙÔ˘. ¢È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈ‹ÛÂȘ ÛÙȘ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜
ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È Î·È ·fi ηÙ¢ı‡ÓÔÓÙ˜ ͤÓÔ˘˜ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˜ ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ˘ ÌÂÁ¤ıÔ˘˜, Ë
‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ÔÔ›ˆÓ ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈ› Ù· ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ. •¤ÓÔ˜ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˘
Ì·˜ ·Ó¤ÊÂÚ fiÙÈ ˆÏ› ÂÚ› ÙȘ 30 ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ÙÔÓ Ì‹Ó· ÛÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ¶ÚˆÙ·Ú¿, ‰ÈfiÙÈ
ÂΛ ηÙ¢ı‡ÓÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÏ¿Ù˜, ÏfiÁˆ „ËÏfiÙÂÚ˘ ÚÔÌ‹ıÂÈ·˜ (15%)!
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∏ ˙‹ÙËÛË ÁÈ· ÂÍÔ¯Èο ·fi ÓÙfiÈÔ˘˜ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È Î·Ù¿ ·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜
§Â˘ÎˆÛÈ¿Ù˜ Î·È ·Ó·Ï‡ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıˆ˜:
§Â˘ÎˆÛ›· 65%
§ÂÌÂÛfi˜ 20%
§¿Úӷη 10%
¶¿ÊÔ˜ 5%
∏ ¶∂ƒπ√¢√™ 2001-2003
∏ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ 2000-2003 ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ·fi Ú·Á‰·›Â˜ ·˘Í‹ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ
ÙÈÌÒÓ Ô˘ ¤Êı·Û·Ó ÙÔ 20%-25%/¤ÙÔ˜, ÛÂ Û˘ÓÔÏÈÎfi ÔÛÔÛÙfi ·‡ÍËÛ˘ ÙËÓ
ÙÚÈÂÙ›· ·˘Ù‹ 60%-75%. ∏ ·‡ÍËÛË fï˜ ·˘Ù‹ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Î·Ù¿ ·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ ÛÙË
ÛÙ¤ÁË (ÔÈÎfi‰·/ηÙÔÈ˘/‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù·/ÂÍÔ¯Èο) Î·È fi¯È ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÏÏ· ›‰Ë
Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜, fiˆ˜ ÁÚ·Ê›·/ ηٷÛÙ‹Ì·Ù·/ ÂÚÁÔÛÙ¿ÛÈ·/ÍÂÓԉԯ›· ÎÏ.
√È ÏfiÁÔÈ Ô˘ ÒıËÛ·Ó ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ Î·È Î·Ù’ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË ÙËÓ ÒıËÛË
ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÚÔ˜ Ù· ¿Óˆ ‹ÙÔ:
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∆√ ∂∆√™ 2004
∆Ô ¤ÙÔ˜ ·˘Ùfi ÌÔÚ› Ó· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙ› ˆ˜ ¤Ó· ¤ÙÔ˜ ÂÈ‚Ú¿‰˘ÓÛ˘ Ù˘
·˘ÍËÙÈ΋˜ Ù¿Û˘. √È ·˘ÍËÙÈΤ˜ Ù¿ÛÂȘ Û˘Ó¯›ÛıËηÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ Û Ôχ
¯·ÌËÏfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡˜. √ ÁÂÓÈÎfi˜ ‰Â›ÎÙ˘ ÙÈÌÒÓ ¤‰ÂÈÍ ÌÈ· ·‡ÍËÛË ÛÙÔ 10%
ÌfiÓÔ, ηٿ ÙÔ˘˜ 12 Ì‹Ó˜ ÙÔ˘ 2004, ·fi Ù· ›‰· ÙÔ˘ 20%-25% ÙÔÓ ¯ÚfiÓÔ
ÙˆÓ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓˆÓ ÂÙÒÓ Î·È ÙÔ‡ÙÔ ÔÊ›ÏÂÙÔ:
■ ™ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ Î·Ù·ÎfiÚ˘Ê·, ¯ˆÚ›˜ ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁË ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÂÈÛÔ‰‹Ì·ÙÔ˜
ÙˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÒÓ. ∞˘Ùfi ÚÔοÏÂÛ Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘, ÙfiÛÔ ·fi ÓÙfiÈÔ˘˜,
fiÛÔ Î·È ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜.
■ ™ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ‚·ÛÈÎÔ‡ ÙfiÎÔ˘ ηٿ 1% ·fi ÙËÓ ∫ÂÓÙÚÈ΋ ∆Ú¿Â˙·, ˆ˜
›Û˘ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ··›ÙËÛË Ù˘ ·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿˜ ÁÈ· ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜
·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜, ηÙfiÈÓ Ô‰ËÁÈÒÓ Ù˘ ∫ÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜ ∆Ú¿Â˙·˜ ÛÙÔ 20%-25% ·fi ÙÔ
·Ú¯ÈÎfi 10%-15%.
■ ™ÙËÓ Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË Ô˘ ÚÔοÏÂÛ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ‰ËÏÒÛÂȘ ÙÔÈÎÒÓ Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓÒÓ
∆ÔÓ›˙Ô˘ÌÂ Â‰Ò fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·˘Í‹ÛÂȘ ÙÔ˘ 2004 ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È Û ·Î›ÓËÙ· Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó
Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ÛÙ¤ÁË/ηÙÔÈΛ·, fiˆ˜ ÔÈÎfi‰·/‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù·/ηÙÔÈ˘/ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù·
∆√ ∂∆√™ 2005
™Â ÁÂÓÈΤ˜ ÁÚ·Ì̤˜ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ ·˘Ùfi ÌÔÚ› Ó· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛı› ˆ˜ ¤ÙÔ˜ ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔ›ËÛ˘,
Ì ÙȘ ÙÈ̤˜ Ó· ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó ÌÈ· ·˘ÍËÙÈ΋ ÌÂÓ ÔÚ›·, Ë ÔÔ›· ‰ÂÓ Í¤ڷÛ ÙÔ
5%, ÂÓÒ Û ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ ·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛÂ Î·È ÌÈ· ÙÒÛË (¶¿ÊÔ˜) Ù˘
Ù¿Í˘ ÙÔ˘ 10%-15%. ¶ÈÔ ·Ó·Ï˘ÙÈο Û·˜ ·Ú·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ì ٷ ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ı·, (˘ÈÔıÂÙÒÓÙ·˜
ˆ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰· ‚¿Û˘ ÙÔ 100 ηٿ ÙËÓ 1.1.2005) ÁÈ· Ó· ‰Â›ÍÔ˘Ì ÙȘ Ù¿ÛÂȘ Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜.
∏ Ì›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÛÙËÓ ¶¿ÊÔ ¤¯ÂÈ ÂΉËψı› ›Ù Û ·Â˘ı›·˜ Ì›ˆÛË
ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ (΢ڛˆ˜ ηÙÔÈÎÈÒÓ Ô˘ ·Â˘ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·È Û ͤÓÔ˘˜) ›Ù ˘fi ÌÔÚÊ‹
·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ ÌÂÛÈÙ›·˜ (8%-10% Û ·ÓÙ›ıÂÛË Ì ¿ÏϘ ·گ›Â˜ ÙÔ˘ 3%-5%) ÙËÓ
Û˘ÌÂÚ›ÏË„Ë ÛÙËÓ ÙÈÌ‹ ‰È¿ıÂÛ˘ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡, ÂÎÙÒÛÂȘ ·fi ÙȘ ‰È·ÊËÌÈ˙fiÌÂÓ˜
ÙÈ̤˜, ·Ó·‚·ÏÏfiÌÂÓ˜ ÏËڈ̤˜ ÎÏ. ∏ Ì›ˆÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÚÔÂÎÏ‹ıË ÙfiÛÔ ·fi
ÙȘ ÈÔ „ËϤ˜ ÙÈ̤˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ¶¿ÊÔ, Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ¿ÏϘ ·گ›Â˜, ÙËÓ
οıÂÙË ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿˜, ÂÓÒ Ë Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙfiÙ "ÎÔÈÌÒÌÂÓË" ·گ›·
§¿Úӷη˜, ¤‰ÂÈÍ ÌÈ· ¤ÓÙÔÓË ÂÏ΢ÛÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ì ÙÈ̤˜ Á‡Úˆ ÛÙÔ 15%-20% ÈÔ
¯·ÌËϤ˜ ·fi ÂΛӘ Ù˘ ¶¿ÊÔ˘ Î·È 10% ÈÔ ¯·ÌËϤ˜ ·fi ÂΛӘ Ù˘
§ÂÌÂÛÔ‡ (Û ÂÍÔ¯Èο ÁÈ· ͤÓÔ˘˜).
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∆√ ∂∆√™ 2006
∆Ô ¤ÙÔ˜ 2006 ¤¯ÂÈ ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ·fi Ù· ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ÙˆÓ
ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓˆÓ ÂÙÒÓ. ∏ Û˘Ó¯‹˜ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÂÚÈfiÚÈÛ ÙËÓ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋
‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ, ÙfiÛÔ ÓÙfiÈˆÓ fiÛÔ Î·È Í¤ÓˆÓ, Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· Ó·
ÌÂȈı› Î·È Ô Ú˘ıÌfi˜ ÒÏËÛ˘. ¢È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· .¯. Ì ÙÈÌ‹ ‰È¿ıÂÛ˘ (ηÈÓÔ‡ÚÁÈ·)
ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ 2005 ÚÔ˜ í900/Ù.Ì., ·˘Í‹ıËÎ·Ó Û í1.000/Ù.Ì.-í1.150/Ù.Ì.,
ϤÔÓ ÙÔ 15% º.¶.∞., ·˘Í¿ÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÙÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ (ϤÔÓ ÙÔ˘ ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ˘
ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÙ·‚È‚·ÛÙÈÎÒÓ, ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ fiÙÈ ÙÔ º.¶.∞. ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ
·ÁÔÚ·›· ·Í›· Î·È ¤ÙÛÈ Ë ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘ 15% º.¶.∞. ηٿ ̤ÛÔ fiÚÔ
·˘Í¿ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ +-16%). ¶·ÚfiÏÔ Ô˘ Ë ÂȯÔÚ‹ÁËÛË Ù˘ ÚÒÙ˘ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜, ÌÂ
ÙËÓ ÂÈÛÙÚÔÊ‹ ÙÔ˘ 10% (fi¯È Û fiϘ ÙȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ) Ì›ˆÛ ÙÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜
·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ‰ÈηÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜ ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜ ηٿ 7% ÂÚ›Ô˘, ÙÔ Úfi‚ÏËÌ·
ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÛÙËÓ Â˘Ú‡ÙÂÚË ·ÁÔÚ¿. ¶·Ú’ fiÏ˘ Ù˘ ÂȯÔÚ‹ÁËÛ˘, ÙÔ
Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ù˘ Â͇ÚÂÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÎÂÊ·Ï·›Ô˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ϤÔÓ Ù˘ ÙÈÌ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ 15%
º.¶.∞. ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È Ô ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ‹˜ Ó· Â͇ÚÂÈ ÙÔ ÂÈϤÔÓ ÔÛfi
·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘ 15% Î·È ÌÂÙ¿ Ó· ÙÔ ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋ÛÂÈ ›Ûˆ. ∞˘Ùfi ÂËÚ¤·Û ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· Ù·
¯·ÌËÏfiÙÂÚ· ÂÈÛÔ‰ËÌ·ÙÈο ÛÙÚÒÌ·Ù·, ¿ÓÎ·È ÔÌÔÏÔÁÔ˘Ì¤Óˆ˜ Ë ‡·ÚÍË ÙÔ˘
º.¶.∞. (Ӥ˜ ÔÈÎÔ‰Ô̤˜ Ì ·›ÙËÛË ÁÈ· ÔÏÂÔ‰ÔÌÈ΋ ¿‰ÂÈ· ÚÈÓ ÙËÓ 1.4.04)
ÚÔοÏÂÛ ÌÈ· ηı·Ú‹ ·‡ÍËÛË ÌfiÓÔ 8%, ÌÈ· Î·È ÚÔËÁÔ˘Ì¤Óˆ˜ ˘‹Ú¯Â Ë
Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ÛÙÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ ÙÔ˘ º.¶.∞. ∆· ÚÒÙ· ¤ÚÁ· Ô˘ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛÙËηÓ
ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ Ì ÏËÚˆÙ¤Ô ÙÔ º.¶.∞. ‹ÙÔ Î·Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô Ù¤ÏÔ˘˜ 2005/·Ú¯¤˜ 2006.
∆· ÌÂÙ¿ º.¶.∞. ¤ÚÁ·, ¤Ú ӷ Û˘ÌȤÛÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ÙÈ̤˜ ÙÔ˘˜, ÁÈ· Ó· Û˘Ó·ÁˆÓÈÛıÔ‡Ó
Ì ٷ ¤ÚÁ· ÂÎÙfi˜ º.¶.∞. ¶ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ 2006 Î·È fiÛÔ ÂÚÓ¿ Ô Î·ÈÚfi˜,
fiÏÔ Î·È ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi ¤ÚÁˆÓ Ì º.¶.∞. ı· ÚÔÛʤÚÔÓÙ·È, ¯ˆÚ›˜ ÙËÓ
›ÂÛË Û ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ‚·ıÌfi ÙˆÓ ¯ˆÚ›˜ º.¶.∞. ¤ÚÁˆÓ, ÂÈÙ·¯‡ÓÔÓÙ·˜ ¤ÙÛÈ ÙȘ
·˘Í‹ÛÂȘ, ÌÈ· Î·È fiÏÔ Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ¤ÚÁ· ı· Â›Ó·È ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ º.¶.∞.
∏ ·‡ÍËÛË Â›Û˘ ÙÔ˘ ‚·ÛÈÎÔ‡ ÙfiÎÔ˘ ·fi 4.25% ÙÔ 2005 Û 4.50% ÙÔ 2006,
›¯Â οÔȘ ·ÚÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÈÙÒÛÂȘ, ¿ÓÎ·È fi¯È Û ÚÔÛÂÎÙfi ‚·ıÌfi, "ı‡ÌËÛÂ"
fï˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ‰·ÓÂÈ˙fiÌÂÓÔ˘˜, fiÙÈ Ë Î·ÙÈÔ‡Û· ÔÚ›· ÙÔ˘ ÙfiÎÔ˘ ‰·ÓÂÈÛÌÔ‡, ¤¯ÂÈ
Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÓÈÔ‡Û· ÔÚ›·. ∏ ¤ÓÙ·ÍË Ù˘ ∫‡ÚÔ˘ ÛÙÔ ∂˘ÚÒ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2008,
·ÔÙÂÏ› ÌÈ· ÂÏ›‰· ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÙfiÎˆÓ Ì ÌÂȈ̤ÓË Ù¿ÛË (‚·ÛÈÎfi˜
ÙfiÎÔ˜ ÙfiÙ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ 4.50% Î·È ∂˘ÚÒ 3.75%).
∆Ô Ã∞∫ ¤·ÈÍÂ Î·È ·˘Ùfi ÙÔÓ ÚfiÏÔ ÙÔ˘ Ì ÙËÓ Ôχ ηϋ ÙÔ˘ ·fi‰ÔÛË ÙÔ
ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Ô ÙÂÙÚ¿ÌËÓÔ Ó· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÌÈ· ·˘ÍËÙÈ΋ ÔÚ›· Ù˘ Ù¿Í˘ ÙÔ˘ 30% ‹ ηٿ
ÙÔ˘˜ 12 Ì‹Ó˜ ÙÔ˘ 2006 ηٿ 125%.
°ÂÓÈο ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2006 Î·È Ì ÙËÓ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓË ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹ ÙÔ˘ º.¶.∞. ÛÙȘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜
Á˘/ÔÈÎÔ¤‰ˆÓ (‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ·ÎfiÌË ÍÂηı·Ú›ÛÂÈ ˆ˜ Î·È Ô˘ ı· ÂÈ‚¿ÏÏÂÙ·È)
¤‰ÂÈÍ ÌÈ· ·Ó·Î·Ù¿Ù·ÍË Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ Î·È Ë ÔÔ›· Û˘ÓÔ„›˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıˆ˜:
■ ªÂ›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÒÏËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· ηٿ 15%. ∏ Ì›ˆÛË ·˘Ù‹
ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ó¯‹˜.
■ ∞‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÒÏËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÁÚ·Ê›· ηٿ 30%.
■ ∞‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÒÏËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ· ÏfiÁˆ ·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ ÛÙÚÔÊ‹˜ ÙˆÓ
ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÈÎÒÓ Ù·Ì›ˆÓ/ ÚÔÓÔ›·˜ Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÒÓ Î·Ù¿ 20%.
■ ¢È·Ù‹ÚËÛË ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÒÏËÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÔÈÎÔ¤‰ˆÓ ˆ˜ Î·È ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2005.
■ ∂ÍÔ¯ÈΤ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ - Ë ›‰È· ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ì Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙÔ˜ ·fi ÙËÓ
ͤÓË ·ÁÔÚ¿ ηٿ 10% Î·È Ù˘ ÓÙfiÈ·˜ ηٿ 20%.
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∆√ ∂∆√™ 2007
∆Ô ¤ÙÔ˜ ·˘Ùfi ÌÔÚ› Ó· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛı› ˆ˜ ¤Ó·˜ ¯ÚfiÓÔ˜ ÚˆÙÔÊ·ÓÔ‡˜
ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙÔ˜ ÁÈ· ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÎÙËÌ¿ÙˆÓ, ÙfiÛÔ ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·ÎÒÓ fiÛÔ Î·È ÁˆÚÁÈÎÒÓ.
√È ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi fiÏ· Ù· ÛÙÚÒÌ·Ù·, ÙfiÛÔ ·fi ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÈο Ù·Ì›·,
ȉÈÒÙ˜, Ù·Ì›· ÚÔÓÔ›·˜, ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ Î·È ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜. ∏ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓË
ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹ º.¶.∞. ÛÙȘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ Á˘ (Ë ÔÔ›· ·Ú¯Èο ı· ÂÈ‚¿ÏÏÂÙÔ ÙËÓ 1.1.08,
ÙÒÚ· ·Ó‚ϋıË ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ 7/2008) ›¯Â ÂÈÙ·¯‡ÓÂÈ ÙÔ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ, ÂÓÒ ÔÈ ÙÈ̤˜
ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÙˆÓ ÁˆÚÁÈÎÒÓ ÎÙËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÂÎÙÔ͇ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙ· ‡„Ë. ÈڿÊÈ· ÏËÛ›ÔÓ
Û ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ (fiÏÂȘ-¯ˆÚÈ¿) Î·È ¿ÏÏ· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó Î¿ÔȘ
Ê˘ÛÈΤ˜ ȉȷÈÙÂÚfiÙËÙ˜ (ı¤·, ‰·ÛÒ‰Ë, Ì ‰ÚfiÌÔ ÎÏ) ›¯·Ó ÚÔÛÂÏ·ÛÂÈ ¤Ó·
ȉȷ›ÙÂÚÔ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ. ∏ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÁÈ· Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ÙÂÌ¿¯È· Â›Ó·È ÂÎÙfi˜
ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ ÛÙȘ Ï›ÛÙ˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÙÒÛˆÓ. ø˜ ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· Û·˜ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔ˘ÌÂ
fiÙÈ ÁˆÚÁÈο ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù· ÛÙÔ ¯ˆÚÈfi °¤ÚÈ Ô˘ ˆÏÔ‡ÓÙÔ ÚÔ˜ í20.000/ÛοϷ
(¤ÚÈÍ í15/Ù.Ì.) ˆÏ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÙÔÓ 11/07 ÚÔ˜ í35.000/ÛοϷ (¤ÚÈÍ í26/Ù.Ì.)
Ì¿ÏÈÛÙ· ¯ˆÚ›˜ ‰ÚfiÌÔ, ¢ÚÈÛÎfiÌÂÓ· ÂÓÙfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ∆ÔÈÎÔ‡ ™¯Â‰›Ô˘ §Â˘ÎˆÛ›·˜, fiÔ˘
‰ÂÓ ÂÈÙÚ¤ÂÙ·È Î·Ì›· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË, ÂÓÒ ÂÊ¿ÙÔÓÙ·È ÏËÛ›ÔÓ ÙˆÓ º˘Ï·Î›ˆÓ/°Ú·ÌÌ‹˜
·ÓÙÈ·Ú¿ıÂÛ˘. ∫Ù‹Ì·Ù· Û ÔÚÂÈÓ¿ ¯ˆÚÈ¿, ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ù›ÔÙ· ÙÔ È‰È·›ÙÂÚÔ .¯. §¿ÁÈ·
(ÛÙËÓ Â·Ú¯›· §¿Úӷη˜) Ì ÙÈ̤˜ ÙÔ 2006 ÚÔ˜ í2.500/ÛοϷ (í1.86/Ù.Ì.)
ˆϋıËÛ·Ó ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007 ÚÔ˜ í15.000/ÛοϷ (í11.21/Ù.Ì.). ∫ÂÓÙÚÈο
ÔÈÎfi‰· ÛÙËÓ §Â˘ÎˆÛ›· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ÁÈ· ·Ó¤ÁÂÚÛË ÁÚ·Ê›ˆÓ, ˆϋıËÛ·Ó
ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2006 ÚÔ˜ í1.000/Ù.Ì. ÁÈ· Ó· Í·Ó·ˆÏËıÔ‡Ó ÚÔ˜ í1.500 ÂÓÙfi˜
ÙÔ˘ ¤ÙÔ˘˜ 2007. ™ÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ¯ˆÚ·ÊÈÒÓ, ¤‰ÂÈÍ·Ó ÔÏÔ¤Ó· ·˘ÍËÙÈÎfi
ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜, ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙËÓ Â·Ú¯›· ¶¿ÊÔ˘ Î·È ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈ΋˜
§ÂÌÂÛÔ‡ (ÁÈ· Ù· ÔÔ›· ‰ÂÓ ÚÔ¸‹Ú¯Â Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ˙‹ÙËÛË ÙÔ 2006 Î·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ
ηıfiÏÔ˘ ÚÈÓ/ηٿ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2005). §fiÁˆ ÙˆÓ „ËÏÒÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·ÎÒÓ
ã√ÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ ¯ˆÚ·ÊÈÒÓ ‰ÒÛ·Ì οÔȘ ÂÍËÁ‹ÛÂȘ („ËϤ˜ ÙÈ̤˜
·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·ÎÒÓ ÎÙËÌ¿ÙˆÓ, ÌË ‡·ÚÍË ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈ΋˜ ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿˜ ÔÈÎÔ¤‰ˆÓ,
ÙÔ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ÎÏ), ÂÓÒ Ë ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓË ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹ ÙÔ˘ º.¶.∞. ÛÂ
ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù· ÙËÓ 1.1.08 ·‡ÍËÛ ÙÔ Â›ÁÔÓ Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜ ÌÂ
ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¤˜ „ËÏfiÙÂÚ˜ ÙÈ̤˜ ·fi ÙȘ ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡Û˜/ ÙÚ¤¯Ô˘Û˜.
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ã√Ϙ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÔÈ ·˘Í‹ÛÂȘ fï˜ ›¯·Ó ÙȘ ·ÚÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÚÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȘ ÛÙËÓ
ÏÂÈÔ„ËÊ›· ÙÔ˘ ̤ÛÔ˘ ∫‡ÚÈÔ˘. ∏ ˙‹ÙËÛË ÁÈ· ÔÈÎÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÌÂȈı›
Á‡Úˆ ÛÙÔ 20% Î·È ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ „ËÏÔ‡ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ Ó¤Ô˘ ηÓÔÓÈÛÌÔ‡
Ù˘ ∫ÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜ ∆Ú¿Â˙·˜ ÁÈ· ȉ›·Ó Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙÔ 40% Î·È ‰·ÓÂÈÛÌfi ̤¯ÚÈ
60% (ÛÙËÓ Ô˘Û›· Ë Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ Â›Ó·È ¤Ú·Ó ÙÔ˘ 50% ‰ÈfiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È
ÛÙËÓ Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ‹ Ù· ÌÂÙ·‚È‚·ÛÙÈο, ÙfiÎÔÈ ÎÏ).
∆· ̤ÙÚ· Ù˘ ∫ÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜, ¿ÓÎ·È ‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·ÎfiÌË Ï‹Úˆ˜ ÂÍ·ÎÚÈ‚ˆı› ÔÈ ÂȉڿÛÂȘ
ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿, ÂÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂËÚ¿ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜ (·ÁÔÚ¿ Á˘ ÛÂ
οÔÈÔ ‚·ıÌfi) Ì ȉȷ›ÙÂÚÔ ·ÓÙ›ÎÙ˘Ô ÛÙȘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜ ÁÈ· ÂÓÔÈΛ·ÛË (buy to let).
∞˘Ù‹ Ë ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ·ÁÔÚ¿ (ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜ ÁÈ· ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ·) Â›Ó·È È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· ÚÔÛÂÎÙ‹ Ë
ÌÂȈÙÈ΋ Ù˘ ηÙ‡ı˘ÓÛË ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂȘ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ‰ÂÓ
Â›Ó·È È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· ÂÏ΢ÛÙÈΤ˜, ¤¯ÔÓÙ·˜ ˘fi„Ë ÙÔ˘˜ ͤÓÔ˘˜, Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ¿ÏϘ
ÂÈÏÔÁ¤˜ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙËÓ µÔ˘ÏÁ·Ú›· Î·È ƒÔ˘Ì·Ó›·. ªÂ ̤ÛÔ ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ·/·fi‰ÔÛË
ÂÓÔÈΛԢ Ù˘ Ù¿Í˘ ÙÔ˘ 3%-4%, ηٷٿÛÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ ˆ˜ ۯ‰fiÓ ÙËÓ
ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ·fi ÏÂ˘Ú¿˜ ·fi‰ÔÛ˘ ÛÙȘ ¯ÒÚ˜ Ù˘ ∂. ã∂ÓˆÛ˘.
™Â Û‡ÓÔ„Ë ı· ϤÁ·Ì fiÙÈ ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007 ˘‹ÚÍ ¤Ó· ¤ÙÔ˜ οıÂÙ˘ ·‡ÍËÛ˘
ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÙˆÓ ¯ˆÚ·ÊÈÒÓ/ÎÙËÌ¿ÙˆÓ, Ì ȉȷ›ÙÂÚË ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙ· ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù· (¤ÛÙˆ
ÁˆÚÁÈο) Ù· ÔÔ›· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÌÈ· ÚÔÔÙÈ΋ ÛÙÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ, ÂÓÒ È‰È·›ÙÂÚË ·‡ÍËÛË
ÛËÌÂÈÒıËΠ۠·Ú·ı·Ï¿ÛÛÈ· ¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ·.
■ ∞‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÒÏËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ· ÏfiÁˆ ·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ ÛÙÚÔÊ‹˜ ÙˆÓ
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º√À™∫∞ ∫∞π ª∏
∏ ‰ÈÂıÓ‹˜ ÔÚÔÏÔÁ›· Ù˘ ÊÔ‡Ûη˜ Â›Ó·È Ë Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ·Í›·˜ ÌÈ·˜ ¤Ӊ˘Û˘
ηٿ 30% ÂÚ›Ô˘. √È ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ·Ó·ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ ÂÚ› ÊÔ‡Ûη˜ ÙˆÓ
·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ ·¤‰ÂÈÍ·Ó ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÓÙÈÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ˜ ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ÂÓÙ‡ˆÓ ·Ó·Ï˘Ù¤˜
Ï·Óı·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘˜, ‰ÈfiÙÈ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ ‰ÂÓ ‰È·ÈÛÙÒıËÎ·Ó Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ›‰· Ì›ˆÛ˘,
·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ¯ÂÈÚfiÙÂÚË ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË Î·È ÌfiÓÔ Û ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜, Ë Ì›ˆÛË
‰ÂÓ Í¤ڷÛ ÙÔ 15% (Î·È ·˘Ùfi Û ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Ô˘ ÂÍ·ÚÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î·Ù¿
90% ·fi ÙËÓ Í¤ÓË ·ÁÔÚ¿). ã√¯È ÌfiÓÔ ‰ÂÓ ÚԂϤÂÙ·È ÁÂÓÈ΋ Ì›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ
ÙÈÌÒÓ ÛÙ· ·Î›ÓËÙ·, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÌÈ· ÌÈÎÚ‹ ÛÙ·ıÂÚ‹ ·˘ÍËÙÈ΋ ÔÚ›·, ¿ÓÎ·È Û ÈÔ
¯·ÌËÏÔ‡˜ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡˜ ·fi ÙÔ ·ÚÂÏıfiÓ. ™›ÁÔ˘Ú· ·˘Ù‹ Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚ›
Ó· Â›Ó·È ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ù¤ÏÔ˜, ¿ÓÎ·È Â›Ó·È Ôχ ‰‡ÛÎÔÏÔ Ó· ÚÔ‚ÏÂÊı› ÁÈ· Ù·
ÂfiÌÂÓ· 2-3 ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ı· ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈËı› ÛÂ
ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ‚·ıÌfi.
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A•π√§√°∏™∏ À¶∂ƒ∆πª∏™∏™
™Â ‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘Ì· ÙÔ˘ Ô Economist Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ·ÁÔÚ¿ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ,
ÚԂϤÂÈ Î¿ÔÈÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ Î·È ÂÏ·ÊÚ¿ Ì›ˆÛË Î·È
·Ú·‰¤¯ÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Î·È ÂΛ Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ı· ˘¿ÚÍÂÈ ·‡ÍËÛË, ‹ ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔ›ËÛË,
‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ Ó· ‰È·ÚΤÛÂÈ Î·È Ì¤¯ÚÈ 10 ¯ÚfiÓÈ·. ∞˘Ù‹ Ë Ù¿ÛË ÙÔ˘ Economist ›ӷÈ
ÙÂÏ›ˆ˜ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ÚÔ ‰‡Ô ÂÙÒÓ ı¤ÛË ÙÔ˘. ∏ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È
Û ÌÈ· ̤ıÔ‰Ô ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛ˘ ÁÈ· Ó· ÂÍ·ÎÚÈ‚ˆı› ηٿ fiÛÔ ¤Ó· ·Î›ÓËÙÔ ¤¯ÂÈ
˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈο „ËÏ‹ ÙÈÌ‹ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙÔ ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ· ÙÔ˘ Î·È ¿Ú· ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ
Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘, ÚÔÛı¤ÙÔÓÙ·˜ fiÙÈ fiÛÔ ÈÔ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË Â›Ó·È Ë ‰È·ÊÔÚ¿ (¯·ÌËÏ‹
·fi‰ÔÛË) Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ·Í›·, ÙfiÛÔ ÈÔ Èı·Ó‹ Â›Ó·È Ë ÂΉ‹ÏˆÛË
"ÊÔ‡Ûη˜". ∂Î ÙˆÓ Ú·ÁÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡ÓÙ˜ ÙfiÎÔ˘˜
ηٿıÂÛ˘/‰·ÓÂÈÛÌÔ‡, Ë ∫‡ÚÔ˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÌÈ· ηϋ ·fi‰ÔÛË (ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ· +
ÎÂÊ·Ï·ÈÔ˘¯È΋ ˘ÂÚ·Í›· Î·È ¿Ú· Ì ‚¿ÛË ÙËÓ ÌÂıÔ‰ÔÏÔÁ›· ÙÔ˘ Economist
‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ı¤Ì· Ì›ˆÛ˘ ÙÈÌÒÓ.
∆·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· Ô ‰ÈÂıÓ›˜ Ô›ÎÔ˜ Knight Frank ·ÍÈÔÏÔÁ› ÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ, Ì·˙› Ì ÙËÓ
°·ÏÏ›· ˆ˜ Hot Spots (·ÁÔÚ¿ Ì „ËÏ‹ ˙‹ÙËÛË) ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007, ÂÓÒ Ô Ô›ÎÔ˜
Assetz ηٷٿÛÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ ˆ˜ ·ÓÙ·ÁˆÓÈÛÙÈ΋ ·ÁÔÚ¿ Ù˘ µÔ˘ÏÁ·Ú›·˜ ηÈ
ƒÔ˘Ì·Ó›·˜, ·ÏÏ¿ ¯ˆÚ›˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ¯ˆÚÒÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙËÓ
·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙˆÓ, ÙÔ 40% ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ ·fi ÙÔ ∏. µ·Û›ÏÂÈÔ ÂÂÓ‰‡Ô˘Ó
ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ˆ˜ ¤Ӊ˘ÛË, ¢ÂÏÈÛÙÒÓÙ·˜ Û ÎÂÊ·Ï·ÈÔ˘¯È΋ ˘ÂÚ·Í›· ÛÂ
ÌÂÙ·ÒÏËÛË. ªfiÓÔ ÙÔ 15% ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ Â›Ó·È ¤ÙÔÈÌÔÈ fï˜ Ó· ·Ó·Ï¿‚Ô˘Ó
·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ˘ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂȘ ÛÙπ˜ Ӥ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ Ù˘ ∂.∂.
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∞ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ÈÔ ¿Óˆ, ÙÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ Â›Ó·È Û˘ÁÎÚÈÙÈο
Ôχ „ËÏfi Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ٷ ÂÈÛÔ‰‹Ì·Ù·. ã∂ÙÛÈ, ÛÙÔ ∏.µ. Ë ·ÁÔÚ¿ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜
·ÔÙÂÏ› 4 ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÙÔ ÂÙ‹ÛÈÔ ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ· (ÌÈÛıfi˜) ÂÓfi˜ ˙‡ÁÔ˘˜ (ÂÎÙfi˜
§ÔÓ‰›ÓÔ˘), ÂÓÒ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ Â›Ó·È 7-8 ÊÔÚ¤˜. ∞˘Ùfi ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·Í›Â˜/ÙÈ̤˜
‰È¿ıÂÛ˘ ‰ÂÓ Û˘Ó¿‰Ô˘Ó Ì ٷ ÂÈÛÔ‰‹Ì·Ù· ÙÔ˘ ̤ÛÔ˘ ∫‡ÚÈÔ˘ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙȘ
·ÁÔÚ¤˜/ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂȘ Û ÛÙ¤ÁË, ¯ÚÂÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ˜ ‰·ÓÂÈÛÌfi˜/ÂÓ›Û¯˘ÛË ·fi
Û˘ÁÁÂÓ›˜/ ‰È¿ıÂÛË ¿ÏÏˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ ÎÏ ÚÔ˜ ›Ù¢ÍË ·ÁÔÚ¿˜.
™ÙÔ ı¤Ì· Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ, Ì ·ÚÈ· ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÙˆÓ µÚÂÙ·ÓÒÓ,
‰ÂÓ ‚Ô‹ıËÛÂ Î·È Ë ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡Û· ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ÙˆÓ Î·ÙÔÈÎÈÒÓ ÛÙÔ
∏.µ. ∞fi ÙȘ ÙÔÈΤ˜ ÛÙ·ÙÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ÔÈ ÙÈ̤˜ ÛÙÔ ∏.µ. ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÌÂȈı› ηٿ 10%
Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙÔ 2006, ÂÓÒ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2008 ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È ÁÂÓÈ΋ Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘
Ù¿Í˘ ÙÔ˘ 5% (ÂÍ’ ·ÓÙÈı¤ÙÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ÎÂÓÙÚÈÎfi §ÔÓ‰›ÓÔ ·‡ÍËÛË 15%).
√È ÈÔ ¿Óˆ ·Í›Â˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·˘ÍËı› ηٿ 5%/¤ÙÔ˜ ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ fiÙÈ ÙÔ ∆Ì‹Ì·
™Ù·ÙÈÛÙÈ΋˜ ˘ÈÔıÂÙ› ÙÔ ÈÛÙÔÚÈÎfi ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÙÈ̤˜ 1-1ó ÚÈÓ ·fi ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜
Ô˘ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È. ∆· Ù.Ì. ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È Û fiÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Î·Ï˘Ì̤ÓÔ˘˜ ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜,
Ì·˙› Ì ˘fiÁÂÈ·, ÛÔʛٷ, Î·Ï˘Ì̤Ó˜ ‚ÂÚ¿ÓÙ˜ ÎÏ.
∆√ ∂∆√™ 2008-2009
∞fi Ù· ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓ· Û¯fiÏÈ· ‰ÂÓ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÛÔ‚·Úfi˜ ΛӉ˘ÓÔ˜ ÁÈ·
‡·ÚÍË ÊÔ‡Ûη˜ ˘fi ÙËÓ ¤ÓÓÔÈ· Ù˘ ÛÔ‚·Ú‹˜ ÁÂÓÈ΋˜ ÙÒÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ ÛÙËÓ
∫‡ÚÔ. ª¿ÏÏÔÓ ÔÈ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Ô˘ ÚÔοÏÂÛ·Ó ÙËÓ ·˘ÍËÙÈ΋ Ù¿ÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ,
ı· Û˘Ó¯›ÛÔ˘Ó Ó· ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó, ¿ÓÎ·È Ë Û˘Ó¯‹˜ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜/ÙÈÌÒÓ
‰È¿ıÂÛ˘, ı· ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ ÙËÓ Û˘Ó¤¯ÈÛË Ù˘ Ì›ˆÛ˘ Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÏfiÁˆ
·‰˘Ó·Ì›·˜ ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ Î·È Î·Ù’ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË ÙËÓ ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ.
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™ÙËÓ ÔÚ›· ·˘Ù‹ Î·È ÂÍÂÙ¿˙ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙËÓ ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿, ‰ÂÓ
‰È·Ê·›ÓÔÓÙ·È È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· Ì·‡Ú· Û‡ÓÓÂÊ· ÛÙÔÓ ÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·, ÂÓÒ ¤ÛÙˆ Î·È Â¿Ó ·˘Ù¿
ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛıÔ‡Ó, ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ÂËÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó Î¿ıÂÙ· ÙËÓ ∫˘Úȷ΋ ·ÁÔÚ¿,
ÂÎÙfi˜ Û ÂΛÓÔÓ ÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· fiÔ˘ ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È Ë ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜ (Î·È ·˘Ùfi
Û οÔÈÔ ‚·ıÌfi Î·È ÌfiÓÔ ‰ÈfiÙÈ Ë ˙‹ÙËÛË ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È Î·È ·fi ÙÔ˘˜
·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ ÛÙ˜ ‰ÈΤ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ¯ÒÚ˜), ÙËÓ Î·Ù‡ı˘ÓÛË ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛÈÙÒÓ
ÌÂÁ¿Ï˘ Îϛ̷η˜ ÎÏ. ¶ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ‡ÙÔ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÏËÊıÔ‡Ó ˘fi„Ë Î·È ÔÈ
·ÚÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÈÙÒÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÚÔοÏÂÛÂ Ô ˘¤ÚÌÂÙÚÔ˜ ‰·ÓÂÈÛÌfi˜ Û ۯ¤ÛË ÌÂ
ÙËÓ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ·ÔÏËڈ̋˜. √È ·ÚÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÈÙÒÛÂȘ Ù˘ ∞ÌÂÚÈ΋˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ÂÂÎÙ·ı› ÛÙËÓ ‰˘ÙÈ΋ ∂˘ÚÒË Î·È Î¿ÔȘ ·ÚÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȘ ·ÚÓËÙÈ΋˜ ÌÔÚÊ‹˜,
›Ûˆ˜ ı· ·Ú·ÙËÚËıÔ‡Ó Î·È ÛÙËÓ ∫˘Úȷ΋ ∞ÁÔÚ¿. ∏ ÙÔÈ΋, ∫˘Úȷ΋ ·ÁÔÚ¿
·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ÙȘ ȉȷÈÙÂÚfiÙËÙ˜ Ù˘, ‰ÈfiÙÈ Â‡ÎÔÏ· Ô ∫‡ÚÈÔ˜ ·ÁÔÚ¿˙ÂÈ ·Î›ÓËÙÔ
Î·È ‰‡ÛÎÔÏ· ÙÔ ‰È·ı¤ÙÂÈ. √ ∫‡ÚÔ˜ ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù‹˜ ·ÁÔÚ¿ÛÂÈ Î·Ù¿ ·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ ÁÈ·
‰È΋ ÙÔ˘ ¯Ú‹ÛË (ÙÔ Û›ÙÈ ∆Ô˘, ÙÔ ÂÍÔ¯ÈÎfi ∆Ô˘, ÙËÓ Â¤Ó‰˘ÛË ÁÈ· Ù· ÁËÚ·ÙÂÈ¿
∆Ô˘, ÙËÓ Úԛη ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ ∆Ô˘ ÎÏ) ÂÓÒ Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË Ù˘ ·Î›ÓËÙ˘ ȉÈÔÎÙËÛ›·˜
ˆ˜ ¯¤ÁÁ˘Ô ÁÈ· ÂÍ·ÛÊ¿ÏÈÛË ıˆÚÂ›Ù·È Û οÔÈÔ ‚·ıÌfi ¤Ó· ›‰Ô˜
"Ú¢ÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘" ÙÔ˘ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙÔ˘ ÙÔ˘. ™Â ·ÓÙ›ıÂÛË Ì ·˘Ùfi, ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi, ÙÔ
ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ Û ·Î›ÓËÙ· ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È Î·Ù¿ ·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ
·fi ÙËÓ ·fi‰ÔÛË ÙÔ˘˜, Ûη̷Ó‚¿ÛÌ·Ù· ÛÙËÓ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌ›· ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ¿ÌÂÛË
Ú¢ÛÙÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ (Û ·ÓÙ›ıÂÛË Ì ÙËÓ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Û· ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ
ÓÔÔÙÚÔ›· ˆ˜ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Ô ̤ÙÚÔ), ÂÓÒ ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÂΛÓË Ë ¿ÌÂÛË
"Û˘Ó·ÈÛıËÌ·ÙÈ΋" Û¯¤ÛË Â¤Ó‰˘Û˘/ȉÈfiÎÙËÙÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙÔ˘. ø˜ ÂÎ ÙÔ‡ÙÔ˘ Ë
ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi Â›Ó·È ·ÓÂÏ·ÛÙÈ΋.
™ÙÔ ı¤Ì· Ù˘ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓ˘ ÁÂÓÈ΋˜ ·‡ÍËÛ˘ Ù˘ ÎÂÊ·Ï·ÈÔ˘¯È΋˜ ·Í›·˜ Ù˘
¤Ӊ˘Û˘, Û ÁÂÓÈΤ˜ ÁÚ·Ì̤˜ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Ù· ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ı· ÔÛÔÛÙ¿
‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007 Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2005 Î·È Ù·
·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓ· ÔÛÔÛÙ¿ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2008.
∞°√ƒ∞ ∏ ∂¡√π∫π∞™∏;
∆Ô ·ÈÒÓÈÔ ÂÚÒÙËÌ· ÛÙÔ Î·Ù¿ fiÛÔ Û˘ÌʤÚÂÈ Ó· ·ÁÔÚ¿ÛÂÈ ¤Ó·˜ ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù‹˜
¤Ó· ·Î›ÓËÙÔ, ·Ú¿ Ó· ÙÔ ÂÓÔÈÎÈ¿˙ÂÈ, ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Â‡ÎÔÏÔ Ó· ··ÓÙËı›. ∏
·¿ÓÙËÛË ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È ·fi ÔÏÏÔ‡˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜, fiˆ˜ ÔÈ È‰È·ÈÙÂÚfiÙËÙ˜ ÁÈ·
ÊÔÚÔÏÔÁÈΤ˜ ÂÎÙÒÛÂȘ, Ô˘ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ Ó· ‰È·Ê¤ÚÔ˘Ó ·fi ¿ÙÔÌÔ Û ¿ÙÔÌÔ Î·È
·fi ÂÙ·ÈÚ›· Û ÂÙ·ÈÚ›·, ÂÓÒ ÔÈ ÏfiÁÔÈ ÂÈÏÔÁ‹˜ Ó· ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î·Ù¿
ηÈÚÔ‡˜, ·Ó·ÙÚ¤ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙËÓ ·Ú¯È΋ ηı’ fiÏ· ÔÚı‹ ·fiÊ·ÛË.
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‚·ıÌfi Û ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· ÛÙËÓ ∞ı‹Ó· (Â›Ó·È Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ Ù˘ Ìfi‰·˜) Î·È ÙÒÚ· ÛÙË
µÔ˘ÏÁ·Ú›· Î·È ƒÔ˘Ì·Ó›· (ÔÈÎfi‰·/ÁË/·Ï·È¿ ÎÙ›ÚÈ· ÚÔ˜ ·Ó·Î·-Ù·Û΢‹).
™›ÁÔ˘Ú· ÔÈ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Â˜ ‰‡Ô ¯ÒÚ˜ ¤‰ÂÈÍ·Ó ÌÈ· οıÂÙË ·‡ÍËÛË ÛÙπ˜ ÙÈ̤˜, ÂÓÒ
Ë ¤ÓÙ·ÍË ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋ ã∂ÓˆÛË (1/2007) Î·È Ë Î·Ù’ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË
ÂÍ·ÛÊ¿ÏÈÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂˆÓ ÚÔÛı¤ÙÂÈ ÛÙËÓ fiÏË ÂÏ΢ÛÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·. ∆· ÔÛÔÛÙ¿
Ù˘ ·fi‰ÔÛ˘ ÛÙ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÙÔ˘ ÚÒËÓ ∞Ó·ÙÔÏÈÎÔ‡ ™˘Ó·ÛÈÛÌÔ‡, Â›Ó·È ÙÒÚ·
Ù˘ Ù¿Í˘ ÙÔ˘ 20%-30% ÙÔÓ ¯ÚfiÓÔ ÛÙË ƒÔ˘Ì·Ó›· Î·È 30%-50% ÛÙË µÔ˘ÏÁ·Ú›·.
™›ÁÔ˘Ú·, fï˜, ¯ÚÂÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È Ë ··ÈÙÔ‡ÌÂÓË ·˘ÍË̤ÓË ÂÁÚ‹ÁÔÚÛË, Ë ÔÔ›· ı·
Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ıˆÚÂ›Ù·È ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓË, ‰ÈfiÙÈ "ÏËÚÔÊÔÚÔ‡ÌÂı·" Â‰Ò ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ ÙȘ
‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÈÛÙÔڛ˜ ÂÈÙ˘¯›·˜ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Î·Ó ÌÈ· ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ·ÔÙ˘¯›·˜. À¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó
Î·È ¿ÌÔÏϘ ·ÔÙ˘¯›Â˜, ÎƠ̂Ә Î·È Ï¿ıË Û ٛÙÏÔ˘˜, Ë ÂÎÙÂٷ̤ÓË
‰È·ÊıÔÚ¿ Î·È Ë ‡·ÚÍË Ù˘ "Ì·Ê›·˜" ÛÙË µÔ˘ÏÁ·Ú›·, ÂÓÒ Ë "·Î·Ù·ÓfiËÙË
ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ȉÈÔÎÙËÛ›·˜" (›‰Â Sunday Times) ‰ÂÓ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÁÓÔËı›.
∂Ó ¿ÛÂÈ fï˜ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂÈ, Ë Ù¿ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÙˆÓ Í¤ÓˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂˆÓ ‰ÂÓ
ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ Î·È Ô‡Ù ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ÂËÚ¿ÛÂÈ ÙȘ ∫˘ÚȷΤ˜ ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂȘ ÛÂ
ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ‚·ıÌfi, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó Ôχ ÌÈÎÚfi ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔًوÓ
ÙˆÓ ∫‡ÚÈˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÒÓ.
™ÙÔ ı¤Ì· ηÈÓÔ‡ÚÁÈ·˜ Î·È ·Ï·È¿˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰·˜, Û Ôχ ÁÂÓÈΤ˜ ÁÚ·Ì̤˜ Û·˜
·Ú·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ì ٷ ÈÔ Î¿Ùˆ:
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a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 33
∫∞π¡√Àƒ°π√ ¶∞§∞π√/ª∂∆∞Ã∂πƒπ™ªŒ¡√
¢È·Ì¤ÚÈÛÌ· -25%-30%
∫·ÙÔÈΛ· -15%-25%
∂ÍÔ¯ÈÎfi -15%-20%
°Ú·Ê›· -10%-15%
∫·Ù·ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· -5%
•ÂÓԉԯ›· -15%
∂ÚÁÔÛÙ¿ÛÈ· -5%-10%
§∂À∫ø™π∞
√π∫√¶∂¢∞ 2005 ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª. 2006 ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª. 2007 ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª.
∫∞π¡√Àƒ°π∞
¢π∞ª∂ƒπ™ª∞∆∞ í/∆.ª.* ∫∞∆√π∫π∂™ í/∆.ª.*
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a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 35
∞¶√£∏∫∂™/
∂ƒ°√™∆∞™π∞ í/∆.ª. í/∆.ª. í/∆.ª.
2005 2006 2007
¶ÏËÛ›ÔÓ §Â˘ÎˆÛ›·˜ 500-600 550-650 600-650
ª·ÎÚÈÓ¤˜ ·ÔÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ
(10 ¯ÏÌ.) 400-500 430-520 480-570
§∂ª∂™√™
√π∫√¶∂¢∞ ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª. ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª. ∆πª∏ í/∆.ª.
2005 2006 2007
∫¤ÓÙÚÔ 250-300. 300-400 450-600
¡Â¿ÔÏȘ 180-230 250-350 400-600
ª¤Û· °ÂÈÙÔÓÈ¿ 160-180 200-250 350-450
∞Á. ∞ı·Ó¿ÛÈÔ˜ 140-160 150-180 200-320
ãÀ„ˆÓ·˜ 100-130 130-160 180-250
°ÂÚÌ·ÛfiÁÂÈ· 200-250 250-350 350-450
∫ÔÏfiÛÛÈ 90-110 120-140 170-250
∞Á. º‡Ï· 130-150 130-160 200-300
¶ÔÏÂÌ›‰È· 130-150 150-180 200-300
§Â˘ÎÔı¤· 140-160 180-220 250-350
¶·Óı¤· 170-200 180-220 200-400
¶·Ú·ÏÈ·Îfi ª¤ÙˆÔ
(Ô‰fi˜ ∞Ú·Ô‡˙Ô˘) 1000 1200-1300 1.300-1.600
ã∞ÁÈÔ˜ ∆‡¯ˆÓ·˜ ---- 120-220 200-350
¶‡ÚÁÔ˜ ---- 110-130 120-150
¶·ÚÂÎÏËÛÈ¿ ---- 110-150 120-150
ªÔ˘ÙÙ·Áȿη ---- 110-150 150-250
∂οÏË ---- 180-250 250-450
∫ÔÏÔ‡ÌÈ· ---- 250-330 350-500
¶·Ï҉ȷ ---- 120-150 200-250
∑·Î¿ÎÈ ---- 190-200 220-300
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a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 37
∞¶√£∏∫∂™
∂ƒ°√™∆∞™π∞ í/∆.ª.2005 í/∆.ª.2006 í/∆.ª.2007
¶ÏËÛ›ÔÓ §ÂÌÂÛÔ‡ 400-500 450-600 600-750
ª·ÎÚÈÓ¤˜ ·ÔÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ
(10 ¯ÏÌ.) 350-450 400-450 500-550
§∞ƒ¡∞∫∞
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a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 39
¶∞º√™
40
a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 41
2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007
¶·Ú·ı·Ï¿ÛÛÈ·
∞Á›· ¡¿· 1000- 1450 1500- 550- 750- 850 ---- ---- ---- 60- 80- 80-
2000 2000 6000 1400 1600 1700 ---- ---- ---- 185 190 220
¶ÚˆÙ·Ú¿˜ 1000- 1300- 1850- 850- 1050- 1350- ---- ---- ---- 60- 90- 90-
2500 3750 6.00 1150 1400 6000 ---- ---- ---- 185 220 300
∞Á. £¤ÎÏ· 1000- 1000- 1800- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 35 80 80
2000 2500 5500 ---- 120 190 220
¢ÂÚ‡ÓÂÈ· 900 1050 1050 750 750 800 55 70 125- ∞fi ∞fi
1050 1600 1700 1200 1300 1450 100 150 30 45 75
¶ÂÚÓ¤Ú· 1000- 1300- 1650- 850- 1100- 1500 ---- 40- 90- 90-
2000 3650 4000 1150 3000 3700 ---- 150 220 300
∞Á. ∆ÚÈ¿‰· 1000- 1450- 1700- ---- ---- 2500- ---- 40 90- 90-
2000 2000 5000 4000 ---- 185 220 300
¶·Ú·Ï›ÌÓÈ* 1000- 900- 1250- 750- 800- 850- 90- 140- 200- ∞fi ∞fi
80 110
1250 1400 1750 1300 1600 1750 125 195 350 300
∫¿·ÚÈ* 1000- 1500- 1900- 750- 1000- 850- 50- ---- ---- 90- 90-
2000 2000 2200 1300 1500 1900 150 ---- 220 300
∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ---- ---- ---- 1000- ∞fi ∞fi ∞fi ----
1400 155 195 350 ---
∞Á›· ¡¿·
¶ÂÚÈʤÚÂÈ· 900- 900- 1000- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ∞fi ∞fi 125-
1400 1400 2000 60 75 225
ºÚ¤Ó·ÚÔ˜ 600- 900- 950- ---- 900- 900 ∞fi ∞fi ∞fi ∞fi ∞fi ∞fi
1000 1300 1300 1100 1200 48 60 115 20 30 60
µÚ˘ÛÔ‡ÏϘ 750- 850- 900- 700- 750- 800- 38 55 ∞fi 18 30 ∞fi
900 1100 1750 800 950 1000 95 45
™ˆÙ‹Ú· 950- 900- 900- 550- 750- 800- 50 65 ∞fi 30 40 ∞fi
1050 1300 1300 800 950 1150 115 60
∞˘ÁfiÚÔ˘ 600- 900- 900- ---- ---- 800 30 55 ∞fi 15 30 ∞fi
900 1100 1850 1000 115 60
§ÈÔ¤ÙÚÈ 1000- 800- ∞fi ∞fi
1700 1100 115 60
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a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 43
ENOIKIA
¶·Ú·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ì ̤۷ ÌËÓÈ·›· ÂÓÔ›ÎÈ· Û ̤Û˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
¢È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù·
1 ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ¿ÙÈÔ í250 í270 í180 í250 í200 í250 í200 í220 í120 í125
2 ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ¿ÙÈ· í350 í350 í250 í350 í250 í300 í280 í300 í150 í175
3 ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ¿ÙÈ· í450 í450 í350 í450 í350 í400 í350 í350 í150 í150
∂ÓÔ›ÎÈÔ ·Ó¿ ª‹Ó· í200 í250
í200- í200 -
í300 í350
∫·ÙÔÈ˘ ∂ÌÔÚÈΤ˜ í550 í550 í500 í550 í400 í450 í800 í800 í500- í500-
3 ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ¿ÙÈ· Ì ÈÛ›Ó· í1000 í1000
ÌÂ ÈÛ›Ó·
I‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜
4 ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ¿ÙÈ·
∂ÓÔ›ÎÈÔ ·Ó¿ Ì‹Ó· í800 í850 í800 í1000 í600 í650 í1000 í1000 í300- í300-
í400 í400
¶·Ú·Ï›ÌÓÈ
°Ú·Ê›· High tech í7.0/Ù.Ì. í7.0/Ù.Ì. í7- í12 - í7- í10 - í12 í14 í4 í4
í10 í6.50 í10 í12
/Ù.Ì. /Ù.Ì. í6-í7
™˘Ó‹ıË
∞Ó¿ Ù.Ì./Ì‹Ó· (ÌÂ a.c) í5.0/Ù.Ì. í5.0/Ù.Ì. í5.0/Ù.Ì. í5.0/Ù.Ì. í7 í8 í2.5 í2.5
ÈڿÊÈ· °ÂˆÚÁÈο 2% 2% 2% 3.50% 2% 3% 2% 2% 1%-2% 1%-2%
∞Ó·Ù˘Íȷο
¶ÔÛÔÛÙfi › Ù˘
·Í›·˜/¯ÚfiÓÔ 5% 5% 5% 6.50% 5% 6% 5% 5% 5% 5%
∂ÚÁÔÛÙ¿ÛÈ·/ í1.70- í1.70- í1.70- í4.00- í1.70- í2.50 - í2.0 í2 í1-í2 í1-í2
í2.50 í2.50 í2.5 í2.75 í2.50 í3.50
∞Ôı‹Î˜
∞Ó¿ Ù.Ì. í1.85- í1.85 -
í2.50 í2.50
∫·Ù·ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù·
¶∞ƒ∞¡√ª√π
∞Ó¿ Ù.Ì./Ì‹Ó· ∫∆∏ª∞∆√ª∂™π∆∂™ í10- í17- í8- ›‰È· í15 - ›‰È· í5-í10 í5-í10
í15 í20 í10 í20
™Ù˜ ÈÔ
∫ÂÓÙÚÈΤ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ í15 - í20 - í12- í25 í10- í10-
í20 í25 í15 í25 í25
∆Ô˘ÚÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ í12- í17- í12 í15- í10- í10-
í17 í22 í15 í20 í20 í20
44
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∂§∞Ãπ™∆∞ ∂ªµ∞¢∞
§fiÁˆ Ù˘ Û˘Ó¯ԇ˜ ·‡ÍËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ηٷÛ΢·ÛÙÈÎÔ‡ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜/ÙÈÌ‹˜ ‰È¿ıÂÛ˘ ÙˆÓ
·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ, ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· fiÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù·, Ô Î·ıÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ˘
ÌÂÁ¤ıÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÏÂÔ‰ÔÌÈÎÔ‡˜ ηÓÔÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, ¤¯ÂÈ ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ
ÛÔ‚·Ú¤˜ ·ÚÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÈÙÒÛÂȘ ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ
Ó· ÂÍ·ÛÊ·Ï›ÛÔ˘Ó ÛÙ¤ÁË. ã∂ÙÛÈ, ÂÓÒ ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· ÙˆÓ ‰‡Ô ˘ÓÔ‰ˆÌ·Ù›ˆÓ ı·
ÌÔÚÔ‡Û·Ó Ó· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¤Ó· ÂÌ‚·‰fiÓ .¯. 70 Ù.Ì., ÔÈ ÔÏÂÔ‰ÔÌÈÎÔ› ηÓÔÓÈÛÌÔ› ÙÔ
ηıÔÚ›˙Ô˘Ó ˆ˜ 100 Ù.Ì. ÙÔ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ. ∞˘Ùfi ÚÔηÏ› ÌÈ· ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ÙÈÌ‹˜
‰È¿ıÂÛ˘ (ÁÈ· Ù· 30 Ù.Ì.) Ì ÙȘ ÛËÌÂÚÈÓ¤˜ ÙÈ̤˜ Á‡Úˆ ÛÙ˜ í33.000. °È· ÙÔÓ ÏfiÁÔ
·˘Ùfi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ ˘ÈÔıÂÙÔ‡Ó ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ÙÚfiÔ˘˜ (ÌË
ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ·-·˘ÛÙËÚ¿ ÓÔÌfiÙ˘Ô˘˜) ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ì›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÌ‚·‰ÒÓ. ã∂ÙÛÈ ·Ú·ÙËÚÔ‡ÌÂ
fiÙÈ Û˘ÁÎÚÈÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙÔ˘ 2004, ÙÔ Ì¤ÛÔ ÂÌ‚·‰fiÓ ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÌÂÚÈÛÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘
2005 ÌÂÈÒıËΠηٿ 9% ÂÚ›Ô˘ Î·È ÙÔ 2006 ηٿ 7% Î·È ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2007 ηٿ 5%.
∏ Ù¿ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ı· Û˘Ó¯ÈÛı›. ∆Ô Úfi‚ÏËÌ· fï˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙˆÓ
ÂÌ‚·‰ÒÓ ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ.
¢Â›ÎÙ˘ ∆ÈÌÒÓ ∞ÁÔÚ¿˜ ∞ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ
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•∂¡√π ∫∆∏ª∞∆√ª∂™π∆∂™
ã∂¯Ô˘Ó ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈËı› ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ µÚÂÙ·ÓÈÎÔ› Ô›ÎÔÈ ÎÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛÈÙÒÓ Ô˘
‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó ·Î›ÓËÙ· Û ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ˘˜ ·ÚÈıÌÔ‡˜, ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÒÓÙ·˜ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜
ÌÂıfi‰Ô˘˜ Î·È Ì ÚÔÌ‹ıÂÈ· Ô˘ Î˘Ì·›ÓÂÙ·È ·fi 12%-16%. ∂ÈϤÁÔ˘Ó 2-3
ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘, fiÔ˘ ÔÈ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›ÔÈ Â›Ó·È Ï‹Úˆ˜ ÂÍ·ÚÙË̤ÓÔÈ ·fi
·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ͤÓÔ˘˜ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˜. ø˜ ÂÎ ÙÔ‡ÙÔ˘, Ù˘¯fiÓ ÛÙÚÔÊ‹ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙÔ˜
·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛÈÙÒÓ Û ¿ÏϘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜, ‹, Ë Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ·
ÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ, ı· ÚÔηϤÛÔ˘Ó ÛÔ‚·Ú¿ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Û ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜
ÂÍ·ÚÙË̤ÓÔ˘˜ ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ Ô˘ ı· ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú·Û‡ÚÂÈ
·˘Ù‹ Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË. ã∞ÓÎ·È ‰ÂÓ ‰È·‚Ï¤Ô˘Ì ¿ÌÂÛÔ Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ, ÂÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ ÙÔ
·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· Ù˘ πÛ·Ó›·˜ Â›Ó·È ¿ÍÈÔÓ ÚÔÛÔ¯‹˜ Î·È ¯Ú‹˙ÂÈ ÂÁÚ‹ÁÔÚÛ˘ (›ӷÈ
οÙÈ ·ÚfiÌÔÈÔ Ì ÙËÓ ÂÍ¿ÚÙËÛË ·ÚÎÂÙÒÓ ÍÂÓÔ‰fi¯ˆÓ ·fi ÔÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ˘˜ tour
operators).
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¢π∂∫¢π∫∏™∂π™ •∂¡ø¡
∏ Û˘Ó¿ıÚÔÈÛË Í¤ÓˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ ÛÂ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜, ¤¯ÂÈ ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ Î·È
ÙËÓ ··›ÙËÛË ÙÔ˘˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓË ÙÔ˘˜ ϤÔÓ ÂÎÚÔÛÒËÛË ÛÙȘ ÙÔÈΤ˜
·Ú¯¤˜. ∆Ô ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Ô ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· ‰ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛ˘ ı¤ÛÂˆÓ ÙÔÈÎÒÓ ·Ú¯ÒÓ ÛÙËÓ
¶¤ÁÂÈ· ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜, Â›Ó·È Ë ÚÒÙË ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘ Ù¿Û˘. ™ÙÔ ¿ÌÂÛÔ
̤ÏÏÔÓ, 3-5 ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÔÈ Í¤ÓÔÈ ı· ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ‰ÈÂΉÈÎÔ‡Ó Ï¤ÔÓ ·ÍÈÒÌ·Ù· ÛÂ
ÙÔÈΤ˜ ·Ú¯¤˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ÔÏÈÙÂȷο ·ÍÈÒÌ·Ù·, Ô˘ Èı·ÓÒ˜ Ó· Ô‰ËÁÔ‡Ó ÙȘ
·Ú¯¤˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ Û ¿ÏϘ ηÙ¢ı‡ÓÂȘ ·fi ÂΛӘ ÙȘ ÂÈı˘Ì›Â˜ ÙˆÓ ÓÙfiȈÓ.
ã∏‰Ë ÔÚÈṲ̂ӷ ¯ˆÚÈ¿ fiˆ˜ ¶¤ÁÂÈ·, √ÚfiÎÏÈÓË, ™ˆÙ‹Ú·, ¶fiÏȘ ÎÏ, ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ͤÓÔ˘˜ Èı·ÓÔ‡˜ „ËÊÔÊfiÚÔ˘˜ Ô˘ ÍÂÂÚÓÔ‡Ó ÙÔ 50% Û ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙÔ˘
Û˘ÓfiÏÔ˘ ÙˆÓ „ËÊÔÊfiÚˆÓ. ãπÛˆ˜ Î·È Ô ¢‹ÌÔ˜ ¶¿ÊÔ˘/ °ÂÚÔÛ΋Ԣ Ó· ‚ÚÂı›
ÛÙÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ Û ·˘Ù‹Ó ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË, fiˆ˜ Î·È ¿ÏϘ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜, Ì ٷ
·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈο Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·.
À¶∂ƒ-¶ƒ√™º√ƒ∞ ª√¡∞¢ø¡
∂›Ó·È ÔÚ·Ùfi˜ Î·È ÚԂϤ„ÈÌÔ˜ Ô Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ˜ ˘ÂÚ-ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ, Ì ٷ
Ó¤· ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓ· Á‹Â‰· ÁÎÔÏÊ (¤ÛÙˆ ·fi Ù· 11 ·ÈÙËı¤ÓÙ· Á‹Â‰· ı·
·Ó·Ù˘¯ıÔ‡Ó ÌfiÓÔ 4-6 Á‹Â‰·), Ô˘ ÛÙÔ Û‡ÓÔÏÔ ÙÔ˘˜ ı· ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó
ÚfiÛıÂÙË ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ, Á‡Úˆ ÛÙ˜ 3.000-4.000 ηÙÔÈ˘ Î·È Ì·˙›
Ì ÙȘ ηÙÔÈ˘ Ô˘ ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ÙȘ Ì·Ú›Ó˜, Ó· ·˘Í‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ ·ÚÈıÌfi ·˘Ùfi
Ì ÚfiÛıÂÙ˜ 800 ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜, ϤÔÓ Á‡Úˆ ÛÙȘ 1.500 ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ·fi ÙËÓ
·Ó·Î·Ù·Û΢‹ ÙÔ˘ §È̤ÓÔ˜ §¿ÚÓ·ÎÔ˜. ∆· ¤ÚÁ· ·˘Ù¿ (Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔ Ó¤Ô ¤ÚÁÔ
¡Â¿ÔÏ˘ ÛÙËÓ ¶¿ÊÔ Ì 480.000 Ù.Ì. ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘), ı· ÂÈÛ¿ÍÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿
ÙÔÓ ·ÚÈıÌfi ·˘Ùfi ۯ‰fiÓ Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ·, ÂËÚ¿˙ÔÓÙ·˜ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ Ù· ›‰È· ·˘Ù¿
¤ÚÁ· Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ˘fiÏÔÈÔ˘˜, ÏfiÁˆ
·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿˜ - Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙfiÛÔ ÙËÓ Ì›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ, fiÛÔ Î·È
ÙËÓ ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ Î·Ù·Û΢ÒÓ. ã∂¯ÔÓÙ·˜ ˘fi„Ë fiÙÈ Ô ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ
Ô˘ ‰È·Ù›ıÂÙ·È ·Ó¿ ¤ÙÔ˜ ÛÙȘ ÂχıÂÚ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Û ͤÓÔ˘˜ Â›Ó·È Á‡Úˆ ÛÙ˜
5.000 ÙÔÓ ¯ÚfiÓÔ, ÔÈ ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚı›Û˜ "ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¤˜" ı· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙÔÓ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁÔ
·ÓÙ›ÎÙ˘Ô.
AY™∆∏ƒ√∆∏∆∞ ∆ƒ∞¶∂∑ø¡
∏ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ó¤ˆÓ ·˘ÛÙËÚÒÓ Ì¤ÙÚˆÓ ·fi ÙËÓ 1.1.2006, fiÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙËÓ
ÏËڈ̋ ¯ÚÂÒÓ, ÙËÓ ˘¤Ú‚·ÛË ÔÚ›ˆÓ, ÙËÓ ¯Ú¤ˆÛË ÚfiÛıÂÙˆÓ ÙfiÎˆÓ ÂÓÙfi˜
Ù˘ ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘ ˘¤Ú‚·Û˘, ÙÔ ÂχıÂÚÔ ÂÈÙfiÎÈÔ, Ô˘ Û ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË "non-
performing loans" Êı¿ÓÂÈ Î·È ÙÔ 11%, ˆ˜ ›Û˘ Î·È Ë Ù˘¯fiÓ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘
ÚfiÙ·Û˘ ÁÈ· ‰È¿ıÂÛË ˘ÔıËÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ Û 3-4 Ì‹Ó˜ ·ÓÙ› ÙˆÓ 5-8
¯ÚfiÓˆÓ Î·È È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· Ë Ó¤· Ô‰ËÁ›· Ù˘ ∫ÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜ ∆Ú¿Â˙·˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔ 40% (Ô˘
›Ûˆ˜ Ó· ·˘ÍËı› Û ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi) ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ë ÈÔ ·˘ÛÙËÚ‹ ÂÈÙ‹ÚËÛË
Ù˘ ÚÔ˜ ÙȘ ÂÌÔÚÈΤ˜ ÙÚ¿Â˙˜, Â›Ó·È ÂÈϤÔÓ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Ô˘ ı·
ÂËÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ ·Ú¯Èο ·ÚÓËÙÈο, ·ÏÏ¿ ÌÂÛÔ-Ì·ÎÚÔ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ıÂÙÈο.
∆√Àƒ∫√∫ƒ∞∆√Àª∂¡∞
√È ÚfiÛÊ·Ù˜ ÂÍÂÏ›ÍÂȘ Î·È Ë ÌË ÔÚ·Ù‹ ›Ù¢ÍË Ï‡Û˘ ÙÔ˘ ∫˘ÚÈ·ÎÔ‡, ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ÂÓı·ÚÚ‡ÓÂÈ ÙȘ ˆÏ‹ÛÂȘ ÛÙ· ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ·, Ô˘ ı· ηıÈÂÚˆıÔ‡Ó Ï¤ÔÓ ˆ˜ ¤Ó·˜
ÛÔ‚·Úfi˜ ·ÓÙ·ÁˆÓÈÛÙÈÎfi˜ ÚÔÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ÂχıÂÚˆÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯ÒÓ. ∏ ÙÂÏÈ΋
·fiÊ·ÛË ÛÙ· µÚÂÙ·ÓÈο ¢ÈηÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ˘fiıÂÛË Orams-∞ÔÛÙÔÏ›‰Ë, ı·
Â›Ó·È Î·ıÔÚÈÛÙÈ΋, ˆ˜ ›Û˘ Î·È Ë ·Ô‰Ô¯‹ ‹ fi¯È ·fi ÙÔ ∂˘Úˆ·˚Îfi
¢ÈηÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ ÙÔ˘ ı¤Ì·ÙÔ˜ Ù˘ ÓÔÌÈÌfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙˆÓ ·Ô˙ËÌÈÒÛÂˆÓ ÛÙ·
∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· (ÙÔ˘ ÔÏÈÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÂÎÙfi˜). ∏ ÂӉȿÌÂÛË ·fiÊ·ÛË
Orams ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÓı·ÚÚ‡ÓÂÈ Í¤ÓÔ˘˜ ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜, ÂÓÒ Ë Í·ÊÓÈ΋ ·‡ÍËÛË ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘
ÂΠ̤ÚÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜ Û ͤÓÔ˘˜ Î·È ÙËÓ Û‡ÏÏË„Ë ÙÔ˘ ˙‡ÁÔ˘˜ ƒÒÛˆÓ,
ÁÈ· ·ÁÔÚ¿ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜ ÛÙ· ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ·, Â›Ó·È ¤Ó· ıÂÙÈÎfi ÛÙÔȯ›Ô
ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡. ∏ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡ Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ·fi ͤÓÔ˘˜ ÁÈ· Ù·
∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· Â›Ó·È Û¯ÂÙÈο ‡ÎÔÏË Î·È ·Ó·ÊÂÚfiÌÂı· Â‰Ò ÛÙËÓ ·‰Ú¿ÓÂÈ·
ÙÔ˘ ∫Ú¿ÙÔ˘˜, ·Ú’ fiÏ˘ Ù˘ ˘Ô‚ÔÏ‹˜ ÂΠ̤ÚÔ˘˜ Ì·˜ ÂÓfi˜ Ï¿ÓÔ˘
Ú·ÎÙÈÎÒÓ Ì¤ÙÚˆÓ (¯ˆÚ›˜ „ËÏfi ÎfiÛÙÔ˜), ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ¤ÏÂÛ‹ ÙÔ˘.
∂›Ó·È ÚÔÛÂÎÙfi fiÙÈ ÙÔ Î‡ÚÈÔ ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ· ÙˆÓ ∆/∫ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ˆÏ‹ÛÂȘ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙÔ˘ ÛÂ
ͤÓÔ˘˜. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔÓ Economist, ÔÈ ∆/∫‡ÚÈÔÈ ÙÒÚ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ηٿ ÎÂÊ·Ï‹
ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ· ÂÚ› ÙÔ 50% ÙÔ˘ ÂÈÛÔ‰‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÙˆÓ ÂχıÂÚˆÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯ÒÓ Î·È
·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÌÈ· Â͛ۈÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÈÛÔ‰ËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ ‰‡Ô ÛÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2014.
∏ ˙‹ÙËÛË ÁÈ· Ù· ηÙ¯fiÌÂÓ· ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È Î·È ·fi ÙËÓ ‰È·ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙȘ ÙÈ̤˜ ÙˆÓ
ÂχıÂÚˆÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯ÒÓ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ٷ ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ·. ∞fi Ù· ‰È¿ÊÔÚ·
‰ËÌÔÛȇ̷ٷ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ë ·Ú¯È΋ ‰È·ÊÔÚ¿ Ô˘ ˘‹Ú¯Â ÌÂٷ͇ ÙˆÓ ‰‡Ô
Á‡Úˆ ÛÙÔ 50% (2004/5), Ë ‰È·ÊÔÚ¿ ·˘Ù‹ ¤¯ÂÈ ÌÂȈı› Û ›‰· ÙÔ˘ 30%
(ÈÔ ·ÎÚÈ‚¿ ÛÙ˜ ÂχıÂÚ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜). ∞˘Ùfi ı· ‚ÔËı‹ÛÂÈ ÌÂÓ ÛÙËÓ Ì›ˆÛË
Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ· Ù· ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ·, fiˆ˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ‚ÔËı‹ÛÂÈ Î·È Ë ÌË ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ·
‰·ÓÂÈÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘ Í¤ÓˆÓ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ Â›Ù ·fi ͤÓ˜, ›Ù ·fi ∆Ô˘ÚÎÈΤ˜
48
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ÙÚ¿Â˙˜ ÁÈ· Ù¤ÙÔȘ ·ÁÔÚ¤˜, (ÂÓÒ ÙÒÚ· Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ÂΠ̤ÚÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘
"∫Ú¿ÙÔ˘˜" Ó· ÚÔÛÂÏ΢ÛıÔ‡Ó ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙ˜ ÁÈ· Ó· Î·Ï˘Êı› ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ ÎÂÓfi).
∂›Ó·È ÚÔÛÂÎÙfi fiÙÈ ÙÔ ∆.∫. «∫Ú¿ÙÔ˜» ÎÂÚ‰›˙ÂÈ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË ·fi ÙËÓ
‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ·ÁÔÚ¿ (·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ) Î·È Â¿Ó Á›ÓÂÈ Î·ÙÔÚıˆÙ‹ Ë Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË ÙÔ˘ ·Â˘ı›·˜
Ì ÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi, ÙfiÙ ٷ Ú¿ÁÌ·Ù· ı· Â›Ó·È ÁÈ· Ù· ∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· Ôχ ıÂÙÈο,
Ì ÙÔÓ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁÔ ·ÓÙ›ÎÙ˘Ô ÛÙ· ·Î›ÓËÙ· ÛÙ˜ ÂχıÂÚ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ (ÔÈ ÔÏÈÙÈΤ˜
ÚÔÂÎÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÂÈϤÔÓ). ¢ËÌÔÛÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ ÛÙËÓ
∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Á‡Úˆ ÛÙÔ˘˜ 8.700 ͤÓÔ˘˜ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜ ·fi
ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÔ›Ô˘˜ ÙÔ 92% ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó µÚÂÙ·ÓÔ› Î·È Â›Ó·È ÚÔÛÂÎÙfi fiÙÈ Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙÔ
¤ÙÔ˜ 2006 ‰fiıËÎ·Ó ¿‰ÂȘ ·fi ÙÔ «∫Ú¿ÙÔ˜» Ó· ·ÁÔÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó 2.560 ͤÓÔÈ,
ÂÓÒ ÌÂÙ¿ ÂÎÎÚÂÌÔ‡Ó (̤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ·) ·ÎfiÌË 4.590 ¿‰ÂȘ, ‰ËÏ·‰‹ ÛÙ·
ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ‰‡Ô ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ‰ÈÏ¿ÛȘ ˆÏ‹ÛÂȘ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ ÛÙ·
∆/∫Ú·ÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· ÁÈ· fiÏ· Ù· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Ù˘ ηÙÔ¯‹˜.
¶∞ƒ∞¡√ª√π ∫∆∏ª∞∆√ª∂™π∆∂™
•¤ÓÔÈ ·Ú¿ÓÔÌÔÈ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏÔÈ Ì ÔÏÈÙÈΤ˜ ‰È·Û˘Ó‰¤ÛÂȘ (›‰Â
ÚfiÛÊ·ÙË ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· Ù˘ µÔ˘Ï‹˜ ÁÈ· ¤ÁÎÚÈÛË ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÓfiÌÔ˘
ÂÚ› ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛÈÙÒÓ, ÁÈ· Ó· ‚ÔϤ„ÂÈ ÔÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ˘˜ ͤÓÔ˘˜ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˜),
Â›Ó·È ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· ·ÓËÛ˘¯›·˜. ∏ ı¤ÛË Ù˘ ∂.∂., Â›Ó·È ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ÁÓÒÛˆÓ,
ͤÓÔ˜ ÎÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˘ Ù˘ ∂.∂. Ó· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÚÁ·Ûı› ˆ˜ Ù¤ÙÔÈÔ˜ ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ.
∆Ô Ì¤ÙÚÔ ·˘Ùfi ¤¯ÂÈ ‹‰Ë ˘ÈÔıÂÙËı› Ì ÙËÓ ÙÚÔÔÔ›ËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÓfiÌÔ˘ Û οÔÈÔ
‚·ıÌfi, ·ÏÏ¿ Ë ·‰˘Ó·Ì›· ÙÔ˘ ÓfiÌÔ˘ Î·È Ë ·‰Ú¿ÓÂÈ· Ù˘ ·ÛÙ˘ÓÔÌ›·˜ Ó·
΢ÓËÁ‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÓÔÌÔ˘˜ ÎÙËÌ·ÙÔÌÂÛ›Ù˜ Â›Ó·È ¤Î‰ËÏË, ÂÊfiÛÔÓ ÔÈ
ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›ÔÈ ‰È·ÊËÌ›˙Ô˘Ó ·Î›ÓËÙ· ÛÙ· ª.ª.∂. ø˜ ÂÎ ÙÔ‡ÙÔ˘ Ë ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ÙÔ˘
ÎÔÈÓÔ‡ ÂÚÈÔÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Û ÂÈΛӉ˘Ó· ›‰·.
°∏¶∂¢∞ °∫√§º
∆Ș ÂÈÊ˘Ï¿ÍÂȘ Ì·˜ ÁÈ· Ù· ΛÓËÙÚ· ÁÈ· Ù· Á‹Â‰· ÁÎÔÏÊ ÙȘ ¤¯Ô˘Ì ˘Ô‚¿ÏÂÈ
ÛÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Ù‡¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ‰Â›ÎÙË. ∂Ï›˙Ô˘Ì fiÙÈ Ù· ΛÓËÙÚ· ·˘Ù¿ Ó· ·Ó·ıˆÚËıÔ‡Ó
Î·È ‚¿ÛÂÈ ÙˆÓ ÂÈÛËÁ‹ÛÂˆÓ Ì·˜.
∆Ô ∫Ú¿ÙÔ˜ Ì ٷ ΛÓËÙÚ· Ô˘ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó, ‰ÂÓ ı· ÂÙ‡¯ÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜ ÙÔ˘
ÔÈÔÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ÚÈÛÌÔ‡, ·Ú¿ ÌfiÓÔ ÙËÓ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÌÈ·˜ Ó¤·˜ ÁÂÓ¿˜
ÂηÙÔÌÌ˘ÚÈÔ‡¯ˆÓ ÂȯÂÈÚËÌ·ÙÈÒÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ. ∆·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· ı·
ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ ·ı¤ÌÈÙÔ ·ÓÙ·ÁˆÓÈÛÌfi ÙˆÓ ˘ÊÈÛÙ¿ÌÂÓˆÓ ‰˘ÛÚ·ÁÔ‡ÓÙˆÓ
ÍÂÓԉԯ›ˆÓ Ì·˜ Î·È ·ÛÊ·ÏÒ˜ ÙÔÓ ¿‰ÈÎÔ ·ÓÙ·ÁˆÓÈÛÌfi ÂȘ ‚¿ÚÔ˜ ÙˆÓ
ÂηÙÔÓÙ¿‰ˆÓ ˘fiÏÔÈˆÓ ÂȯÂÈÚËÌ·ÙÈÒÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘, Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ¤Ù˘¯·Ó ·˘ÙÔ‡
ÙÔ˘ ¢ÂÚÁÂÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜.
∞ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ·˘ÙÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ¿ÏÏˆÓ ·ÓËÛ˘¯ÈÒÓ Ì·˜, ı· Â›Ó·È Ë Èı·Ó‹
·fiÎÙËÛË Ù˘ ∫‡ÚÔ˘ ηÎÔ‡ ÔÓfiÌ·ÙÔ˜, ˆ˜ ÌÈ· ÂÈΛӉ˘ÓË ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÛÙÔ ‰ÈÂıÓ¤˜
ÂÌfiÚÈÔ Ù˘ ÂÍÔ¯È΋˜ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜, Ì ٷ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· ·ÚÓËÙÈο ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù·.
º.¶.∞
∏ ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹ ÙÔ˘ º.¶.∞. ÛÙȘ Ӥ˜ ÔÈÎÔ‰Ô̤˜ ›¯Â ˆ˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË
ÙÔ˘ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜ ηٿ 7%-8% ÂÚ›Ô˘, Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙȘ ÚÔ ÙÔ º.¶.∞.
ÙÈ̤˜. ∞˘Ùfi ¤¯ÂÈ ‰˘ÛÎÔϤ„ÂÈ ·ÎfiÌË ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜/ ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜,
¿ÓÎ·È Û ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜/·Ó¤ÁÂÚÛ˘ Ù˘ ÚÒÙ˘ ηÙÔÈΛ·˜ (Ì ÙËÓ
·Ó¿ÏÔÁË ÂȯÔÚ‹ÁËÛË) ÙÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ Û ٤ÙÔȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ı· Â›Ó·È ÈÔ Î¿Ùˆ
·fi ÙËÓ ÚÔ º.¶.∞. ÂÔ¯‹.
∆Ô º.¶.∞. ÛÙ· ÔÈÎfi‰·/¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ· ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔÓ 7/2008 fï˜ ı· ¤¯ÂÈ ÛÔ‚·Úfi
·ÓÙ›ÎÙ˘Ô Ì ٷ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· ·ÚÓËÙÈο ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù·, Ì ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓË ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘
˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÎÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·fi ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜, ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ·fi ÂȯÂÈÚË̷ٛ˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘
ηٿ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙÔÓ 6/2008. ¡· ÛËÌÂȈı› Â‰Ò fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ
ÍÂηı·Ú›ÛÂÈ ·ÎfiÌË Ô˘ ı· ÂÈ‚ÏËı› ÙÔ º.¶.∞. Î·È ÁÈ· ÔÈÔ˘˜. ∞˘Ùfi ›ӷÈ
Ôχ ÂÚ›ÂÚÁÔ ‰ÈfiÙÈ Ë ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÙÒÚ· ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÛÎÔÙ¿‰È ÁÈ· ¤Ó· ̤ÙÚÔ Ô˘
ı· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛı› Û 6 Ì‹Ó˜ ÂÚ›Ô˘.
Ã∏ª∞∆√¢√∆∏™∂π™
ã∞ÓÎ·È ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Ù· ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ÁÈ· ÂÈ‚Ú¿‰˘ÓÛË Ù˘ ˙‹ÙËÛ˘, Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· ÔÈ
¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙÈÎÔ› ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ› ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ ÈÔ ÂÏ΢ÛÙÈÎÔ‡˜ fiÚÔ˘˜
¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÛÙ¤Á˘/ÂÂÓ‰‡ÛÂȘ Û ·Î›ÓËÙ· (Ì ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô
¯¿ÚÈÙÔ˜ ÁÈ· ۯ‰fiÓ ÔÏfiÎÏËÚË ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·ÔÏËڈ̋˜, Ì ÏËڈ̋ ÌfiÓÔ
ÙˆÓ ÙfiΈÓ, ÂÓÒ Ë ·ÛÊ·ÏÈÛÙÈ΋ Î¿Ï˘„Ë ˙ˆ‹˜ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Ï¤ÔÓ 100%
··Ú·›ÙËÙË). ∞˘Ùfi ı· ÂÓı·ÚÚ‡ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÙˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ. √È ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙ‹ÛÂȘ
ı· ÂÍ·ÚÙËıÔ‡Ó Î·È ·fi ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô Ù˘ Ú¢ÛÙfiÙËÙ·˜ Ù˘ ·ÁÔÚ¿˜/ÙÚ·Â˙ÒÓ.
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∫ƒÀº∞ ∫∂º∞§∞π∞
∆· ÎÚ˘Ê¿ ÎÂÊ¿Ï·È· Ù· ÔÔ›· ÙÒÚ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÈÛ¤ÏıÂÈ ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿, ·‡ÍËÛ·Ó ÙË
˙‹ÙËÛË ·fi ÂÂÓ‰˘Ù¤˜, ΢ڛˆ˜ fï˜ ÁÈ· ¯ˆÚ¿ÊÈ· Î·È ·Î›ÓËÙ· Ì ÂÈÛfi‰ËÌ·
(Ì ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓË ·fi‰ÔÛË Á‡Úˆ ÛÙÔ 6%-7% › Ù˘ ¤Ӊ˘Û˘). π‰ÈˆÙÈο ηÈ
¿ÏÏ· ÎÂÊ¿Ï·È· Ù·Ì›ˆÓ ÚÔÓÔ›·˜ ÎÏ, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÚ¤„ÂÈ ÙËÓ ÚÔÛÔ¯‹ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ
∞ÁÔÚ¿ Î·È ·˘Ùfi, Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ηχÙÂÚÔ˘˜ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙÈÎÔ‡˜ fiÚÔ˘˜,
ı· ·ÓÙÈÛÙ·ıÌ›ÛÔ˘Ó Û οÔÈÔ ‚·ıÌfi ÙËÓ ÂÈ‚Ú¿‰˘ÓÛË ÛÙË ˙‹ÙËÛË.
√π∫√¢√ªπ∫∏ ∞ª¡∏™∆π∞
¢˘ÛÙ˘¯Ò˜ ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ oÚıfi ̤ÙÚÔ ‰ÂÓ ¤Ù˘¯Â Î·È Ë ¿Ô„Ë Ì·˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÔÙ˘¯›·
Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ Ë ·ÌÓËÛÙ›· ·˘Ù‹ ¤Ï˘Â ÌfiÓÔ Û οÔÈÔ ‚·ıÌfi ÌfiÓÔ ÙȘ ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜
·Ú·Ù˘›Â˜ Î·È ‰ÂÓ ¤‰È‰Â χÛÂȘ ÛÙËÓ ¤Î‰ÔÛË ÙÔ˘ ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙÂÏÈ΋˜
¤ÁÎÚÈÛ˘ ÚÔ˜ ηٿıÂÛË ÛÙÔ ∫ÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈÔ ÁÈ· ¤Î‰ÔÛË Ù›ÙÏˆÓ È‰ÈÔÎÙËÛ›·˜.
∏ ÌË Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË ÙˆÓ ‰‡Ô (·Ú·Ù˘›·/ ¤Î‰ÔÛË ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙÂÏÈ΋˜ ¤ÁÎÚÈÛ˘)
¤ÊÂÚ ÙÔ ·ÚÓËÙÈÎfi ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·. ∆Ô ı¤Ì· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ, ηٿ ÙËÓ ¿Ô„Ë Ì·˜, Ó·
·ӷÌÂÏÂÙËı› Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙËÓ Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓË Î¿Ï˘„Ë ÙˆÓ ·Ú·Ù˘ÈÒÓ Î·È Ù˘
¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙÂÏÈ΋˜ ¤ÁÎÚÈÛ˘/¿‰ÂÈ·˜ ‰È·›ÚÂÛ˘ ·fi ÙËÓ
∞ÚÌfi‰È· ∞Ú¯‹, ‰ÈfiÙÈ Â‰Ò Â›Ó·È ÙÔ Úfi‚ÏËÌ·, ÂÓÒ Ë ÌË Â›ÛÚ·ÍË ÙˆÓ
·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓˆÓ í50 ÂÎ. ·fi ÙȘ ÌÂÙ·‚È‚¿ÛÂȘ Â›Ó·È ÚÔÛÂÎÙ‹, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ù·
ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈο/·ÓıÚÒÈÓ· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó, ϤÔÓ Ë ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘
ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙ˜. ∏ ÔÈÎÔ‰ÔÌÈ΋ ·ÌÓËÛÙ›· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ›ӷÈ
Û˘Ó¯‹˜, Ô‡Ùˆ˜ ÒÛÙÂ Î·È ÛÙÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ Ù˘¯fiÓ ÌÈÎÚÔ·Ú·ÓƠ̂˜/·Ú·Ù˘›Â˜, Ó·
¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰È¤ÍÔ‰Ô Î¿Ï˘„˘ ÚÔ˜ fiÊÂÏÔ˜ ÙˆÓ ÔÏÈÙÒÓ/·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙÒÓ.
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∏ ∫‡ÚÔ˜ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ÌfiÓË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· ÙˆÓ Ú·Á‰·›ˆÓ ·˘Í‹ÛÂˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ
ÙˆÓ ·ÎÈÓ‹ÙˆÓ. ∆Ô‡ÙÔ Â›Ó·È ÏÔÁÈÎfi, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ÔÈ ÏfiÁÔÈ Ù˘ ÛÙÚÔÊ‹˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÂÓ‰˘ÙÒÓ
Û ÚÒÙÔ ‚·ıÌfi ÛÙ· ·Î›ÓËÙ·, Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ›‰ÈÔÈ, ‰ËÏ·‰‹ ÔÈ ¯·ÌËÏÔ› ÙfiÎÔÈ
ηٿıÂÛ˘ Î·È Ë fi¯È Ôχ ηϋ ·fi‰ÔÛË ÙÔ˘ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÈÛÙËÚ›Ô˘. √È ·˘Í‹ÛÂȘ
ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ Î·Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô 2000-2006 ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ, Â›Ó·È ·ÚfiÌÔȘ Ì ÙȘ
Ï›ÛÙ˜ fiÛ˜ ∂˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜, ÂÓÒ ·fi ÙÔ 2007 Ô ÙÔ̤·, ÙˆÓ ÙÈÌÒÓ
ÛÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ ˘‹Ú¯·Ó ·‡ÍËÛË Û ۇÁÎÚÈÛË Ì ¿ÏϘ ∂˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜,
ÂȉÈο ÙˆÓ ÂÍÔ¯ÈÎÒÓ Î·ÙÔÈÎÈÒÓ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ͤÓÔ˘˜ ·ÁÔÚ·ÛÙ¤˜.
Cyprus
Although there is no official house price index, indications are that house
prices rebounded strongly from a dip in growth in winter 2005/6 to surge
into double figures in the autumn of 2007, one of the highest rates of
increase in Europe. Domestic demand is strong on the back of a surging
economy and inward migration. Another key driver is heightened interest in
second homes from outside the traditional source of demand in the UK.
Russian and other purchasers are said to be becoming more prevalent and
are currently less affected by borrowing constraints than western Europeans.
Housebuilding is booming with the country now having the highest housebuilding
rate per 1,000 population in the EU. Market prospects look good but
overseas’ interest in second home purchase may prove fickle and any
slowing of the UK economy, in particular, will affect demand. There is also
a surge of new supply coming on stream, which may dampen prices.
Overview
The housing market has enjoyed the same buoyant conditions as other
Mediterranean locations reliant on tourism. When Cyprus joined the EU
a few years ago, a further boost was given to both the economy and the
housing market. Although there is no house price index, indications are that
house prices have been rising in double digits annually and have doubled
over the past five years and housebuilding has been strong. In fact, the
country has one of the highest housebuilding rates in the EU. Much of the
growth has been stimulated by high inward migration, especially of people
from the UK attracted by the climate, cheap lifestyle, good public facilities and
widespread use of English.
With a good economic growth forecast to continue, continued population
growth and accession to the eurozone on-stream for 2008, prospects for
the housing market remain buoyant. However, the new supply coming on stream
is helping to moderate price growth.
Housing system
General housing standards are high. Space standards are some of the best
in the EU and much of the stock is modern and well-provisioned. Over half
of all dwellings have been built since 1980.
Owner occupation is high at 68% and many houses are owned outright.
Another 14% are conventionally rented in the private sector. However, the
tenure structure is complicated by the aftermath of the division of the island
into the Greek and Turkish areas, which has led to a variety of other
atypical categories, such as refugee estate, a Turkish Cypriot house, and
self-help schemes aimed at refugees. These other categories depress the
percentage shares of the more conventional tenures.
* This chapter refers only to the Government Controlled part of the island.
Note: Five year old properties usually sell at a 12% discount to new
ones and 15 year old ones a 30% discount.
Source: CP Pavlides New 2-bed flats, Nicosia
Stamp duty and transfer taxes are levied on purchases, capital gains are
taxed at the time of sale and there is also an annual property tax. There is
a policy emphasis on promoting owner occupation amongst the Cypriot
population. To this end the government offers a variety of schemes aimed
at low to middle income families. They provide tax benefits, subsidised prices
and low interest loans.
There are also programmes to improve the housing conditions of those
12,000 or so households still living on refugee estates.
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Housebuilding
The country has one of the highest housebuilding rates in the EU. Over 6%
of GDP is devoted to housing investment annually, significantly more than
the EU average. The rate of housebuilding dipped in the late 1990s and
early 2000s but then rapidly accelerated to almost 11,000 units in 2004,
over two and a quarter times the 2000 level. Properties are being sold off
plan and new developers are entering the buoyant market.
Housing investment - which includes renovations and extensions as well as
new build - dipped in 2005. Building permits were up 4% in the first 10
months of 2006, indicating that housing output will again be strong in 2007.
The high rate of building has put pressure on construction costs for a
number of years. For example, they rose by 15% altogether in the three
years up to the autumn of 2006.
Macroeconomic influences
GDP per capita is 10% less than the EU average but consistently good
growth rates mean that the standard of living is gradually catching up with
the EU average. Since 2004, growth has been around 4% a year. It had
slowed in the couple of years prior to that, following a slow down in the
tourist industry, but clearly recovered quickly.After a brief surge in 2003,
inflation has been back on track over the past few years.
This, combined with the health of the economy and public finances, means
that the country is expected to join the euro zone in 2008. It will be
interesting to see whether the advent of the euro changes the profile of
foreign residents and investors in the housing market away from the
current emphasis on the British.
The level of participation in the labour market is quite high and employment
growth strong, meaning that households can generally afford to buy a
home and possibly invest in housing to rent as well 40% of the 300,000
dwellings are detached, another 30% are semis, 20% are flats and a further
10% are in mixed-used buildings. The stock of housing has been growing
fast with a 26% increase between 1992 and 2001. 16% of households are
1 person, 27% are 2 person and the other 57% are 3 or more persons.2
So, household sizes are typically much higher than in northern Europe.
Average recorded housing costs as a percentage of household income are
the second lowest in the EU after Malta. They are only 13% of household
consumption, compared to the highest cost country, Denmark, where they
are 30%. (These estimates include imputed rental income for owner
occupied dwellings.) Rental levels have been rising at 3-4% in recent years,
roughly at the general rate of price inflation. Rental dwellings are quite
TENURES
%
Owner occupied 68
Rented 14
Free 6
Refugee estate 6
Self-help housing scheme
on government plot 4
Turkish Cypriot house 2
The mortgage market should get a considerable boost after the country
joins the euro. Interest rates have fallen over the past five years but they
generally remain higher than in the euro area. There is also likely tobe more
competition from foreign banks as has been seen in other euro zone
countries, like Italy.
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The current low level of mortgage use will attract firms skilled at providing
mortgages and a variety of sophisticated financial packages. The prognosis is
therefore for lower interest rates and a wider variety of mortgage products
after the expected adoption of the euro at the beginning of 2008.
Programmes are underway under the EU Lisbon Strategy to modernise the
economy and further liberalise its market orientation. These measures
should help to ensure sustained growth in the future.
With such a high level of foreign interest in housing in Cyprus, the housing
market is not only affected by the performance of the local economy but
also by that of the countries where most investors come from.
Source: IQS/Paris
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America
Canada Ottava 2,300 1,550 1,200 2,200 2,900 CAD
Montreal 2,800 1,750 1,200 3,350 4,900 CAD
Mexico Mexico 19,000 13,200 9,950 21,700 24,900 MXN
USA Washington 2,800 2,200 1,650 3,000 3,500 USD
New York 6,300 4,050 2,900 3,050 4,250 USD
Asia
Japan Tokyo 874,500 627,000 451,000 875,000 1,240,000 JPY
South Korea Seoul 4,450 2,850 1,950 4,900 8,850 KRW (/100)
Dwelling size per category varies slightly by country (see table on surface of dwellings).
European Union
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422
400
TREND OF RENTS 2006/2005 Average development of rents for flats and houses
Country City Flats (annual trend) Houses (annual trend)
European Union
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SURFACE OF DWELLINGS Typical dwelling sizes by category in each surveyed city (in m2)
Country City Flats Non- Detached
detached house
3-bedroom 2-bedroom 1-bedroom house
European Union
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The above shows the tendency among buyers to either buy Industrial assets or sell or hold
onto, as a % of 100%
Property Yields
City 2007 2006 Year-over-Year
Q3 - % Q3 - % Change - %
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Assumptions: Price and yield data relate to “average prime” and exclude exceptions deals. The annual rental yield
is a gross figure based on the annual gross income divided by the purchase price the currency movement is the
% movement over the last twelve months. The Cost of Living figures are based on the price of a shopping
basket containing identical goods in each location valued on 19th December 2007. Source Knight Frank.
35
30
25
% increase
20
15
10
5
0
-5
ria
en
n
ce
lia
in
k
ay
ium
y
ds
ain
da
ly
A
d
d
pa
ar
an
st
ita
US
Ita
ed
lan
ra
lan
an
rw
lan
na
Sp
nm
Ja
Au
rm
lg
st
Br
sw
Fr
No
Ire
Fin
Ca
-10
er
Be
Au
De
Ge
th
Ne
country
Bearing in mind the American property bubble with all its repercussions it
seems that markets with higher increases, such as Ireland/Netherlands
although some problems are experienced, the property market is holding
its own. Therefore it seems that these countries have possibly more safe-
ty features in the property m,arket than the USA. Cyprus with an average
annual increase of about 4-6%, in real terms, per year and In the last 10
year 40% increase in property prices, although there is slowing down the
market is holding out.
70
Monaco x24.900
UK x18.108
Russia x11.501
France x10.014
Netherlands x6.667
Liechtenstein x6.333
Italy x6.083
Switzerland x5.534
Spain x5.160
Ireland x5.000
Luxembourg x4.745
Denmark x4.620
Lithuania x3.792
Finland x3.333
Poland x3.292
23/07/2008
Sweden x3.167
Latvia x3.020
Austria x3.000
11:36
Malta x2.814
Ukraine x2.807
Andorra x2.583
Portugal x2.517
Slovenia x2.467
Page 71
Germany
Source: Global Property Guide
x 2.462
Estonia x2.383
Czech Rep. x2.367
Romania x2.350
Greece x2.244
Croatia x 2.215
located in the centre of the most important city of each country.
Cyprus x2.167
Belgium x2.150
Average per square metre (sq.m.) prices in US$/Sof 120-sq.m. apartments
Hungary x1.792
EUROPE: SQUARE METRE PRICES, PREMIER CITY CENTRE US$
Bulgaria x1.487
Slovak Rep. x1.292
Turkey x1.202
71
Macedonia x1.133
Moldova x 902
a.loizou booklet 2008MEL 23/07/2008 11:36 Page 72
The gross annual rental income, expressed as a percentage of property purchase price.
This is what a landlord can expect as return on his investment before taxes,
maintenance fees and other costs.
The properties are 120-sq.m. apartments located in premier city centres.
Source: Global Property Guide
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The gross monthly rent in Euros. The properties are 120-sq.m. apartments
located in premier city centres.
Source: Global Property Guide
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The total cost of buying and then re-selling a residential property, including
all costs (except the sale price itself), expressed as percentage of the property value.
Source: Global Property Guide
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In arriving at effective capital gains tax rates, the Global Property Guide
makes certain assumptions.
However different countries have different criteria. Please check
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