MODES OF TRANSPORT IN INDIA AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS

By: Abhishek Mishra Ajeet Pandey Anshu Sharma Hiren Vaghela Kunal Vora Nitish Jaiswal Suruchi Rawat Bhavin Shah Ganan Jaiswal Krunal Patoliya Ketan Vaghasiya Bhavik Bhanderi

Physical Distribution Management

The management of all activities which facilitate movement and coordination of supply and demand in the creation of time and place utility in goods. The above activities can be summarized as,  Transportation  Warehousing  Packing and Packaging  Handling of Materials  Maintenance of stocks and inventory controls  Orders, processing, dispatch  Customer Services, Complaints, Redressals  Maintenance of records related to these activities.

These activities have been illustrated in the below figure:

Location Records Maintenance

Warehousing

Customer Services Physical Distribution

Material Handling

Transportation

Packing and Packaging

Other Processing

Inventory Control

Characteristics of an Ideal Transportation System in an Organization:

     

Efficient Economic Reliable Meeting Customer Needs in a Timely Manner Experienced Capable of Meeting Emergencies or Special Needs The job of transportation is usually handled by the marketing manager, who gives direct responsibility to godown incharge/warehouse superintendent or an officer entrusted with such work solely. In big organizations, this is carried out by a separate transportation or logistics division/department.

Transport Infrastructure
        

Land and Building Labor Packing Places Roads Lighting Weight Scales, Handling Equipments Receipt Dispatch Procedures Suitable Manpower Proper timing of Operations, so that goods may be received or dispatched on time Adequate number of vehicles to transport the goods.

Modes of Transportation
         

Railways Road Transportation Air Transportation Sea Transportation (Marine) Inland Waterways Ropeways Postal Courier Hand Carts, Thelas, Cycle Richshaws Bullock Carts

Advantages of Railways:
  

Fast in Service, specially when its fully loaded Freight rates are lower Goods are kept in sealed wagons/boxes, so chances of breakage are less. Small consignments can also be booked through railways. Railway receipts are authentic documents and are acceptable for negotiation purpose by banks Maximum barriers/check posts and so much time is not lost in hold-ups.

Advantages of Road Transportation:

     

Speedy Warehouse to Warehouse Delivery Possible Competitive freight rates for many commodities No need for trans-shipment/loading or unloading Minimum Breakages or Damages to Goods. Easy to settle claims with transport companies, as they care for clients.

Advantages Of Airways:
  

The fastest of all. Can be sent to remotest of locations in the world Useful when goods are of high value, are perishable in nature or small in volume.

Economic Importance
Three Most Important parts of any developed Economy are,
Transportation System Electricity Health
Efficient

EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION
BENEFITS
TIME COST EMPLOYEMENT GDP

CONTRIBUTION BOOM IN AUTOMOBILE AND ENGINEERING SECTOR DECREASE OF WASTAGE

BENEFITS IN OTHER FIELDS

transmission of goods and Services Fuel efficiency Business accessibility Entrance of MNCs Security Health (Ambulance) Connectivity with rural area Advantages to related sectors
Fast

Thank You