Intro to Moles

A review of pH and Molarity

Practice Problems:
Do the following problems to jog your memory about pH: pH = -log[H+], [H+] = 10-pH, pH + pOH = 14 1) What is the pH if the [H+] is 2x10-3M? 2) What is the [H+] if the pH is 9.5?

What does pH really mean?

pH tells us the concentration of hydrogen ions in a unit of solution Concentration: amount of solute dissolved in a solvent

+] [H
The brackets stand for concentration of The H+ stands for hydrogen ion.

Another practice problem . . .

3) What is the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution if the hydroxide ion concentration for that solution is: [OH-] = 1.5 x 10-11 M? pOH = -log[OH-] pH = 14 pOH [H+] = 10-pH

Units for Concentration

Molarity is a common concentration unit.

Molarity (M) = moles of solute liters of solution

Concentration Practice
Molarity (M) = moles of solute liters of solution

4) When 2 moles of glucose is dissolved in 5 L of solution, the molarity is . . .

Concentration Practice
Molarity (M) = moles of solute liters of solution 5) How many moles of hydrogen ions are in 10 L of a solution with [H+] = 10-3 M?

But, uh, what s a mole, Ms. Jones? I am SO glad that you asked . . .

Mole Conversions
Day 1 Moles Particles

How do we describe quantities?

How many donuts do I have in a dozen? How many people make up a couple? How many instruments play in a quartet? How many zeros in a googleplex?

How many particles are in a mole?

In chemistry, the quantity used to describe the number of particles in a solution is a mole. 1 mole is equal to 6.02 x 1023 particles
(Avogadros number)

Particles: atoms or molecules

Mole Conversion Map:

How can you convert from moles to particles?

If you know that you have 3 moles, how many particles do you have?

How can you convert from particles to moles?

How many moles of lithium are there in 4.8x1025 atoms of lithium?

How can you convert from moles to particles?

How many molecules of carbon dioxide are there in 2.10 moles of CO2?

Practice #3
Determine the number of hydroxide ions (OH-) are in a solution that contains 3.05 moles of hydroxide.

Mole Conversions
Day 2 Moles Mass

Molar Mass
Mass (in grams) of one mole of a substance Also called gram molecular mass and gram formula mass

For atoms
Molar mass = the atomic mass (in grams)

Find the molar mass for the following:

One mole of helium atoms (He) One mole of strontium atoms (Sr)

For molecules
add the atomic masses (in grams) for all elements present in the molecule

Find the molar mass for the following molecules:

1. One mole of carbon dioxide molecules (CO2)

2. One mole of sugar molecules (C12H22O11)

How do you convert from moles to mass?

How many grams of Pt are in Lil Waynes chain if it has 0.75 moles of platinum?

How do you convert from mass to moles?

The Starbucks barista weighs out your coffee. She puts 1.75g of caffeine into your latte. How many moles of caffeine are now coursing through your veins?

Caffeine: C8H12N4O3

Mole Conversions
Day 3 Moles Volume

Moles to Volume
One mole of ANY ideal gas will occupy a volume of 22.4 L at STP STP: Standard temperature and pressure = 1 atmosphere (sea level) and 298K (room temp.)

How do you convert moles to volume?

If you have 0.14 moles of helium gas in a birthday balloon, what volume will it occupy?

How do you convert volume to moles?

The biggest balloon that will fit in the backseat of your SUV is 65.6L. How many moles of gas will fit inside that balloon?

Practice #3
Each day the E. coli bacteria in your large intestine generate 0.0223 moles of methane gas. How much gas do they produce?