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Comentarios
Com
Co
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ya que anteriormente uno no la ESPOL.
sabía que es lo que la Univer- CHRISTIAN ALFREDO
sidad hacía, entonces en buena ZAMBRANO MARCILLO
hora por esta revista, espero
que sigan así y que Dios los Pienso que su revista es muy
guíe y bendiga. informativa y que tiene muy
JORGE ENRIQUE SÁNCHEZ buenos temas relacionados con
GALLARDO la actividad de la Espol. Espe-
ro que sigan adelante con su
Buena Revista. Felicitaciones informativo. De igual manera
por su excelente presentación y espero que en la revista exista
temas innovadores. un área de opinión en la cual
NELSON EDDY CEVALLOS podamos dar nuestros comen-
BRAVO tarios sobre cualquier índole
que ustedes pregunten o que se
Cada vez me parece más fasci- tenga que analizar.
nante cada una de las nuevas JUAN CARLOS VÉLIZ
ediciones de la revista FOCUS, GARCÍA
comenzando por la calidad en
el material y ni qué decir de la Felicito a los responsables de
calidad de la información con- iniciar y mantener esta revista
A nombre de la Universidad Me parece que la revista del tenida en ella. Felicitaciones a por cuanto la misma, aparte de
Politécnica Salesiana y del mes de octubre estuvo muy quienes fueron los precursores ser un medio de
mío propio reciba un cordial interesante porque así podemos de esta nueva iniciativa y eso información del acontecer
saludo. estar informados acerca de lo comprueba que en nuestra politécnico, también nos hace
que pasa en nuestra universi- Alma Mater existe gente capaz, valorar más a esta Institución
Agradezco a usted por la
dad felicitaciones a los editores sólo es cuestión de decidirse. por sus logros o tratar de refle-
gentileza que ha tenido al
de Revista FOCUS. ELKIN JAVIER ANGULO jarnos en las personas sobresa-
hacernos llegar los ejemplares
RAQUEL YRMA POSLIGUA RAMÍREZ lientes que son parte de éstos.
Nos. 4 y 5 de la Revista
BRAN JORGE MAURICIO
FOCUS, al tiempo que felicito
por tan importante publicación Excelente revista, es digna de GUZMÁN CONTRERAS
Con sentimientos de Ésta es una revista muy inte-
consideración y estima resante que nos permite co-
Atentamente, nocer toda la vida politécnica,
P. Luciano Bellini Fedozzi los proyectos que emprende y
RECTOR UNIVERSIDAD temas que nos nutren también
POLITÉCNICA SALESIANA como seres humanos, tanto
CUENCA - ECUADOR académica como humanamen-
te. Sigan adelante con muy
Me parece genial que nos buenos temas para empaparnos
enteremos las cosas de conocimientos nuevos.
interesantes que realiza MARCELO PATRICIO
nuestra universidad no sólo VENEGAS ZÚÑIGA
para el estudiantado sino para
la sociedad y desarrollo de Es una buena idea la crea-
nuestro país, espero que sigan ción de la revista FOCUS lo
publicando lo grandiosa que es cual permite saber a todos los
nuestra Universidad. politécnicos lo que la Escuela
RICARDO XAVIER Superior Politécnica del Litoral
GRANJA BENITES está haciendo por el progreso,

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Comentarios
Com
Co
omen
enta
tar
ari
rio
ios
os de lo
los
os Lectores
Lec
Lecto
ctor
to
ores
ore
es
Espero que sigan adelante Los felicito, soy una estudiante de la ESPOL, dándole realce a buenos tecnólogos.
informando a la Comunidad de Ingeniería en Alimentos y la nuestra querida Institución. GLEEN OMAR CHILUISA
Politécnica. revista es muy interesante y este ALBERTO BOLÍVAR GÓMEZ RODRÍGUEZ
LILIANA ALEXANDRA concurso es una buena forma PALACIOS
VALLE GILER de hacer que nos enteremos de
Mis sinceras felicitaciones a las
muchas cosas y aprendamos Nuestra revista mensual cada
Estoy fascinada con la revista, cada día un poco más. Felici- autoridades de la ESPOL por
vez se pone más interesante,
me parece excelente y siempre dades. muy buena, felicitaciones y la circulación de la revista FO-
guardo algunos ejemplares MERCEDES YULIANA éxitos. CUS, ya que en ella podemos
para mi familia y conozcan el GAIBOR MOYANO FERNANDO ENRIQUE encontrar todos los sucesos
desarrollo de las actividades ORBEA GUERRERO ocurridos en nuestra querida
que se realizan en la ESPOL. Sigan adelante con la revista Institución.
ADRIANA VERÓNICA su forma y fondo es excelente Saludos, esta es sin duda la LETHY SUSANA HERRERA
PALMA DUQUE para la información de nues- mejor Universidad del
tra comunidad politécnica en ANDRADE
Ecuador.
Felicito a las máximas general.
JOSÉ XAVIER ESPÍN PÉREZ
autoridades de la ESPOL y sus CHRISTIAN MIGUEL Esta es una buena idea para
colaboradores por tener al día ARMAS CADENA una fácil comunicación entre
Bastante interesante la revis-
en las varias actividades desple- la familia politécnica, por lo
ta FOCUS pues nos pone al
gadas por la Institución. Gracias por dar la oportunidad cual estoy muy agradecido por
tanto a la familia politécnica de
FRANCISCO RENÉ de cumplir con mis sueños.
todo lo que sucede en nuestra su creación. Felicitaciones.
ALCÍVAR VILLEGAS GEOVANNY ENRIQUE
BELTRÁN YANZA Universidad, adelante y felici- RICARDO ALFREDO VEGA
taciones. GRANDA
Es una excelente revista que
Muy buena revista, los ROOSEVELT ROMMEL
cumple con su objetivo, que
personajes y los temas son cada VÉLEZ BURGOS Es muy gratificante poder
es de informar a toda la co-
munidad politécnica sobre los vez más interesantes; cuando conocer las actividades que
objetivos y logros obtenido por leemos cada una de las páginas La revista es muy buena, habla
realiza ESPOL, éxitos sigan
nuestra Institución, así que de esta revista nos hace sentir de todas las unidades y de toda
la ESPOL, debería hablarse adelante.
sigan trabajando de esta forma, orgullosos de ser politécnicos.
RUBÉN LIZANDRO y promoverse el Instituto de DANILO ROMÁN PERALTA
en beneficio de la comunidad
politécnica. HIDALGO LEÓN Tecnologías que también es MEJÍA
FRANK ADILIO ZAMBRANO muy bueno y del que salen muy
BURGOS La Facultad de Ciencias de
la Tierra tiene el agrado de
En cualquier sociedad es recibir cada mes la revista
importante tener un medio es- FOCUS, que nos mantiene
crito y es de prestigio saber que informados de las activida-
ahora la sociedad des que se dan dentro de la
politécnica tiene un gran ESPOL, es una excelente ma-
medio de información. nera de difundir en la comu-
JULIO DANIEL ARÉVALO nidad politécnica los avances
ALTAMIRANO de la misma.
KARLA PAMELA CRESPO
Es la mejor forma que tengo LEÓN
para conocer la historia y todo
lo relacionado con esta La revista FOCUS la he con-
excelente Institución “sigan siderado como uno de los ma-
adelante”. yores aportes que la Univer-
OSCAR PATRICIO BRAVO sidad está brindando a todos
RAMÍREZ los estudiantes y trabajadores

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focus@espol.edu.ec
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P
or convocatoria efectuada con- dictadas en el FEALAUP fue la titulada
juntamente por los Ministerios de “China’s Education and Innovation in A
Relaciones Exteriores y de Edu- Globalization Context”, por el Dr. Cen
cación de la República Popular China, a Jianjun, Deputy Director General of
través de su Embajada en el Ecuador, a Department of International Coopera-
las universidades ecuatorianas a asistir tion and Exchanges of Ministry of Edu-
al “East Asia-Latin America University cation, People´s Republic of China, en
Presidents Forum” (Foro de Rectores la que se manifestó, entre otros puntos,
Universitarios de Países de Asia Orien- lo siguiente:
tal y América Latina), evento que forma
parte del programa del Foro de Coope- • Durante los últimos 27 años, la
ración entre Asia Oriental y América economía China mantiene un índice de
Latina, y la autorización del Consejo crecimiento del 9.4%.
Politécnico mediante Resolución 06- • En el 2005, el GDP de China
09-324 del 11 de septiembre del 2006, totalizó US$2.279 trillones.
la ESPOL estuvo presente en esta im- • El GDP per cápita excede los
portante reunión realizada en la ciudad US$1,740.
de Beijing, China durante los días 16 y ‡ 6H LGHQWLÀFDQ FRPR SXQWRV
17 de octubre del 2006. La delegación débiles: poca contribución del conoci-
Sesión inaugural del FEALAUP de la ESPOL estuvo presidida por el miento al crecimiento económico, baja
Dr. Moisés Tacle Galárraga, Rector, e calidad de la mano de obra y poca capa-
integrada por los docentes Dr. Freddy cidad de innovación.
Villao Quezada, Asesor del Rector; Ing. • Se considera que una nación es
Luis Albán Granizo, Director del Pro- innovadora cuando: sus adelantos cien-
yecto Ancón; e, Ing. Gustavo Guerrero WtÀFRVFRQWULEX\HQFRQPiVGHODO
Macías, Director del CTT – ESPOL. crecimiento económico; la inversión en
ciencia y tecnología es mayor al 2%; y,
El evento contó con la participación de ÀQDOPHQWH OD FRQWULEXFLyQ GH WHFQROR-
los siguientes países: Bolivia, Brasil, gía importada es menor al 30%. 20 na-
Cambodia, China, Colombia, Ecuador, ciones cumplen estos parámetros, como
Japón, Corea, Malasia, México, Filipi- USA, Korea, Japón, Finlandia, etc. Es-
nas, Singapore, Tailandia y Venezuela. tos parámetros en China son 39%, 1.3%
Por Ecuador participaron la ESPOL y la y 60%, respectivamente.
Universidad Agraria del Ecuador. • En el 2004, China estuvo ubica-
da en el puesto 24 entre 49 naciones en
El discurso inaugural del Forum, que se términos de capacidad de innovación, y
inició el 16 de octubre del 2006, estuvo está proyectada a reubicarse en el pues-
a cargo de Wu Zaofeng, Deputy Secre- to octavo en el año 2020.
tary General of China Education Asso- • Las estrategias nacionales de
ciation for Internacional Exchange. &KLQD SDUD VXSHUDU VXV GHÀFLHQFLDV
Miembros de la delegación de la ESPOL en FEALAUP, presidida Una de las conferencias magistrales son: rejuvenecer la nación a través de la
por el Dr. Moisés Tacle , RECTOR

c
ciencia y la educación y revigorizar la de las visitas programadas por el FEA-
nación a través de recursos humanos. LUP, se visitó Beijing University of
Los tres pilares del sistema educativo Technology, ubicada en la ciudad de
de China son: educación obligatoria, Beijing, siendo recibidos por el Pro-
educación vocacional y educación su-
fesor Sun Chogzheng, President of the
perior.
• El total de estudiantes de edu- University Council, habiéndose reali-
cación superior ha llegado a 23 millo- zado una reunión de trabajo con la de-
nes. legación de la ESPOL presidida por el
• Desde 1998 hasta el 2005, el Dr. Moisés Tacle, tendente a la suscrip-
número de estudiantes en las institucio- ción de un Convenio de Cooperación e
nes de educación superior se incremen- Intercambio. Posteriormente se efectuó Reunión de Trabajo entre el Dr. Moisés Tacle, Rector de la ESPOL
tó de 1,080,000 a 5,044,600. un recorrido por las instalaciones de y el Profesor Sun Chogzheng, President of the University Council,
• China aspira a que sus univer- Beijing University of Technology
esta Universidad, teniendo la oportuni-
sidades se conviertan en centros que
produzcan talentos en la innovación y dad de visitar varios laboratorios, entre
sean la principal fuerza que promueva ellos, aquel dedicado a la utilización del
la innovación del conocimiento y la LASER para aplicaciones industriales,
transferencia de tecnología, constitu- como por ejemplo en la fabricación au-
yéndose en un puente de intercambio tomotriz para soldadura, corte, etc.
entre los excelentes valores culturales
chinos y los valores culturales de otras
El día 19 de octubre del 2006, aten-
civilizaciones avanzadas del mundo.
GLHQGRXQDLQYLWDFLyQGHOD2ÀFLQDGH
• El Sistema Nacional de Inno-
vación está compuesto de tres pirámi- Asuntos Internacionales de la centena-
des: innovación en el conocimiento, ria Universidad de FUDAN, la delega-
innovación en ingeniería y tecnología, ción de la ESPOL visitó su Sede ubicada Laboratorio de Aplicaciones Industriales con LASER de Beijing
University of Technology
ÀORVRItD\HVWXGLRVVRFLDOHV6HLQFOX\H en la ciudad de Shanghai, mantenien-
la implementación de parques tecnoló- do una reunión de trabajo con la Dra.
gicos o incubadoras. Li Hong, quien efectuó una detallada
• La estructura de la pirámide de
presentación de los logros efectuados
innovación del conocimiento está cons-
por esta prestigiosa universidad de la
tituida por Laboratorios Nacionales y
&HQWURV &LHQWtÀFRV &ODYHV /DERUDWR- República Popular China habiéndose
rios Claves Nacionales y Laboratorios tratado la factibilidad de suscribir un
Ministeriales y Provinciales. Convenio de Cooperación e Intercam-
• Los alumnos chinos que es- bio. Se efectuó un extenso recorrido de
tán estudiando en el exterior totalizan sus instalaciones, especialmente las de-
993,000. Retornaron a China 233,000 dicadas a la Ingeniería de Software.
estudiantes. En el 2005, fueron al exte-
Reunión de trabajo entre la delegación de la ESPOL y la Dirección de
rior para estudiar 119,000 personas. Asuntos Internacionales de FUDAN UNIVERSITY de Shanghai
• China envió en el 2005 alrede- Finalmente, desde la ciudad de Shang-
dor de 1,000 profesores voluntarios de hai se efectuaron gestiones, con la
idioma chino (mandarín) a 22 países. Universidad de Petróleos de China a
• Más de 2,300 instituciones de través del Sr. Luan Fengchi, la que está
educación superior en 70 países ofre- interesada en establecer relaciones de
cen cursos de idioma chino. cooperación con la ESPOL, de acuerdo
• Se han establecido 108 Institu- DRÀFLRHQYLDGRDQXHVWUD,QVWLWXFLyQHO
tos Confucio, dedicados a difundir la
10 de septiembre del 2006 por la Em-
cultura y el idioma chinos.
• 500,000 estudiantes interna- bajada de la República Popular China
cionales han estudiado en China en el en el Ecuador, Universidad que tiene
año 2004. su sede en la ciudad de Dongying en la
El día 17 de octubre del 2006, dentro Provincia de Shandong. Visita de la delegación de la ESPOL a la Biblioteca Central de
FUDAN UNIVERSITY de CHANGHAI

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