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Modern thermal power plants operate at very high pressures greater than the Critical pressure of steam. This article explains how Super Critical power plants are different from the normal power plants.
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Efficiency
The main advantage and the reason for a higher pressure operation is the increase in the thermodynamic efficiency of the Rankine cycle. Large Subcritical thermal power plants with 170 bar and 540 / 540 C (SH / RH) operate at an efficiency of 38 %. Supercritical units operating at 250 bar and 600/615 C can have efficiencies in the range of 42 %. Ultra supercritical units at 300 bar and 615 / 630 C will still increase the efficiency up to 44 %. Increase in efficiency directly lead to reductions in unit cost of power and CO2 emissions.
Operational Flexibility
Most of the Supercritical units use the once through technology. This is ideal for sliding pressure operation which has much more flexibility in load changes and controlling the power grid. However this also requires more sensitive and quick responding control systems.
http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/32896.aspx
11-12-2010
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Water chemistry
In supercritical units the water entering the boiler has to be of extremely high levels of purity. Supercritical boilers do not have a steam drum that separates the steam and the water. If the entering water quality is not good, carry over of impurities can result in turbine blade deposits.
Materials
Supercritical power plants use special high grade materials for the boiler tubes. The turbine blades are also of improved design and materials. In fact, the very increase in higher pressure and temperatue designs are dependendent on the development of newer and newer alloys and tube materials. The aim of the industry is to achieve power plant efficiencies in the range of 50 %. Tell a friend Share Flag this article
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3 Comments
johnzactruba
Oct 21, 2010 6:04 PM reply kannanmettur In oxygenated treatment a very small traces of oxygen is allowed in the water. This forms a hard but smooth coating on the tube internal surface which protects the surface from further corossion. In conventional method the with almost zero oxygen the coating formed is more rough.
kannanmettur
Oxygenated treatment for SC boilers. sir, In conventional subcritical boilers, oxygen is removed from feed water to avoid corrosion in the boiler, but in super critical boilers Oxygenated treatment is being carried out. why? How it will prevent the corrosion. Briefly explain the logic behind it. regards kannan-mettur
D.Navaraj Solomon
RE: How are Supercritical Boilers different from Subcritical Boilers? excellent write up
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http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/32896.aspx
11-12-2010
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http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/32896.aspx
11-12-2010