, , , .

1..
xy

ZnO
SO2 IV

2..
x()y

H2SO4
H3PO4

23

:
:
2.

, SO2.
:
, ZnO.

(34)

(2SO4)

(Cl, H2S).

2SO4.

> .

I. ( 2)
2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3
II. :
1. :
) + 2 = H
N2O5 + H2O = 2HNO3
) ( (I II
), .
+ H2O = ()
Na2O + H2O = 2NaOH
2. :
) .
) + = () + 2
Na2O + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2O
3. (
)
+ = ()
Na2O + CO2 = Na2CO3
I. :
- , - .
H2SO4 + =
II. ( ):
1. H + = + H2 (
) (
, ).
2Na + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2
III. :
1. ( H) + HxKO = + H2O (
, ) (
,
)
Na2O + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2O
2. HxKO + = + H2O (
, ) (
).
H2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2H2O
3. ,
: + () () = + .
2NaCl + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2HCl

.
2Mg+O2=2MgO

2SO2+O2=2SO3

Ca(OH)2=CaO+H2O

CaCO3=CaO + CO2

:

2

:
) 20 +
=
2 + 2 =
= 23
) + ()
() =
+
2NaCl + H2SO4 =
Na2SO4 + 2HCL

3..
()

NaOH

u()2 II

.
Cu(OH)2
.
Fe(OH)2
.
Fe(OH)3
.

I. ( ):
, , .
NaOH + =
II. :
1. :
+ = 1 + 2 + 2.
Cl2 + 2KOH = KCl + KClO + H2O
2. :
+ = + 2 .
2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O = 2Na(Al(OH)4) + 3H2
III. :
1. + = 2 ( ).
2 + 2S4 = 2SO4 + 2H2O
2. + = .
2NaOH + SO3 = Na2SO4 + H2O
3. + = + (
).
2NaOH + CuSO4 = Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
IV. :
1. = + 2
2Fe(OH)3 = Fe2O3 + 3H2O

Mg ( NH3) +
H2O = + 2
Ca + 2H2O =
=Ca(OH)2 + H2
NH3+H2O = NH4OH
M(., I II
.)
+ 2 =
=
BaO+H2O=
=Ba(OH)2
+=
= +

2NaOH+CuSO4=
= Na2SO4 +
+Cu(OH)2

4Fe(OH)2+O2+
+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3

2KCl + 2H2O =
2KOH+H2 +Cl2

4..
()

CuSO4 - II
Na2SO4
AlCl3

.

:
: NaCl
:uS
oCl2

:
.
.

I. :
1. 1 + 1 = 2 + 2 (1 2).
2Na + FeSO4 = Na2SO4 + Fe
II. :
1. 1 + = + 2 ( ,
).
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
2. 1 + 1 = 2 + 2 (1 2).
Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2CO3
3. 1 + 2 = 3 + 4 ( ).
AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl + NaNO3
III. :
= + .
CaCO3 = CaO +CO2

+
=

Na2O + CO2 = Na2CO3

+
= + 2
2NaOH + SO3 =
Na2SO4 + H2O
( 2) +
=+
2Na + H2SO4 = Na2SO4
+ H2
+
( 2)=+2
Na2O + H2SO4 =
Na2SO4 + H2O
+
= + 2
2 + 2S4 =
2SO4 + 2H2O
1 + 1
= 2 + 2
(1>2)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl =
2NaCl + H2CO3
1 + 1 = 2 +
2(1 2)
2Na + FeSO4 = Na2SO4
+ Fe
1 + =
+ 2
CuSO4 + 2NaOH =
Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
1 + 2 = 3
+ 4
AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl
+ NaNO3