Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 87

'g

3
T1

o
E'
b
TF

((, g) (o ('t

v F w HF
n'l UI
F b

{ FT

F-t

Pts

clo

c3
{

1f, 7= Crn
-{
I

E= =H n>

f,o F*
EH
fr.o =+
,rE

F
rn

87

n rII

I' s. F:,d
6

$$e-+.
$
.'+

o
{o
6-

a$r*g
qgaB

z (o
&$

o o

Bfi -. 8.EFE.t
\,-FF

;
o'

$' +F
()E i' F

= o g)(
g. E A' e.
!t o o o

(cl

* (:

N
I

o s
(tt
I

;t$sE i*85fi s $Fl


v6

E +*'

0.a il-

9d :,r
:{IFTIt

=": -. qg6

15

d;il. aF--.

o
N =. ll
q!(

== 5 >5 Silr3E
Lr^r-lJ

=fi'8 H 6 *='c

FH.

aYEiiE E-(|-E

= =EL(D J-=; !!.{n

qr

fi il

qcg aE t,* H, $5fl , Be -$E ; * d'ee = f E H6 s $.n.s H ff il i r * g g l = Fs$


q

gt

ilEt3

i'.F

flt

: ;FE

f;

$sE $EH f; $$gE Fil


E

$r + $ $; H F: a

Fi[$$$EgFe$**$Hgflili x Fil-={s 3fii 33 :s; EE ;ii ;. gilF


;FflFfl*H$FF$FAFF$i

$rggigaig*gggg-l**tg

!t g
o

Ho
nAL

3:

'-F;rt d O l'H
u,

SE, d {=r iri ="P ur-6

II

= t?

= ={o;.

fi s 3sI
= aq 5 Piq (t(,) x v
ni ..+
d

+soEF

3*i s$t' oraf f,}o'


TA

d .l

bo'@ b b b !" -t\ < F i" $ < < rx i\t < =======e" b == ioi iri L.r i$ f Itr b = = - - \ b, ir! b't"r iJ L = =
.Tl

z=?
:

F
o (o

= b

==Ll(rt

irsL,hr

== -

c)

s"r

= tr

= 4=
_t

z e)
a i
-t

'fl "n o o o o o tr 3 3 o = o o
CL

c)
ts

o fr9_ o :q c cq
(?-'

90

oo D it 6'6 O O o
F
.D

o
tr

a,

CL

lr{

rll (a

o =; o o !l !t 3' |D o o () {:t g c

1 i:. :o t, !od =. 3 :c :0 t fi6" !l !, a$ :c 0r o

oo Itr

io
:a

:o
:c :o

il

!r

:dtt, a
rot : !t(

o =.cl 3 g, go o ;tr o o o o o #

,:
ri

:f

o o

o It 5 5 o 6' !,

c
5

st

;; :: t: :: i:

o o 3 ; o
i

5 eii EisS gt (t PE. S AI A' gf =o o .s. fr a. ff e.;' o =C:F |D e o =' t!|_'6 d+ 9 a9 a o = ilE F6Fff ft (l $

9= 4

tFt

o o a gt

o 7
o
F' o
'1O

oooo O 6 'f tr'tr'd ,6 o


N

atl

=o $|n oc E: c ,d

'Fi*
+iE 9,6
::
N

E:F 't *: c

: ;

fi'E :3
:i
1

gr

il

!, !, o c o 3l A' !t |D T' o 0t 3 il ? .D $ o = :t # il It I, o c d a gt o o l} E o o aa o 4r, 5 c !, o C o o a o c q, CF ! o T' 5 a


o,
.D

-E Hqci

6b gs{q F F o E.H oo
o [, FA o
CL

o hrE N

, B {
m
m

F,

E 4.A.*

3r*E io ry9Fa o
N
A'

e a .e tt
(D

F
g

tn

! p

t r

v n

!t !t tr
6'

v T c m 3 $
E

'T

$4gi a I t E.fi q q!

FE

g;

:'il fi,
5;'R

e
:

o ro @ a o
|D

! o o
-a

o 3 s c a r g I m ft n x m ; r m m z I r t0

o
!

.)

t qgEi t!.
: o
=5(D: io3.: 6):
: itr:

1'ocr! rDJi:

[*f;; a3 il.
:::

tr a

o.

{ >
m =

a a lr

2 a

o !t o

tn
{D

f, tr m o

It

e gl
o
: : :

i
: :

:
:

G'N

\|{fiCrO}O)grgr(rtrrt()r(J||('JnF,F}Ur rortr(nro(f oagt(.r|\JoJ+9(9

E} qt

(4' ('l o, 9c

(.r (.,

$qlN|vNNlrt19i,, Not0\tq{rrrrd(rrJ{

tr,

r
n b 7

$ 6 sE I )> :': : )ttl trit o E o Jiil u, ++a+ c fsr G a+3 , cg .Di =' E CtrCg;' gs. {t rFEO > :: c3 9Ea 2 6' e N i qE o i a !t E.$gr tE c 3sE f, I (Dd : = :. 3S ::01 B: f'-, 6 Fg !r ! ::(Q ; : 9.6' p 3t =rd g ::qt 3 .:N Oeut =rrd B :iaO 9' x!tg. gHF c :o i x{ 6 ii o ;iO " g
C
CL

ss55 5S 5-sr F sfi 5 s .go{gr !.t 5 tt=> E g f.t f.i N s{ s P-. PS 6 o a trtrr'nFt tr mo ? o ! t\ = =52 q eil. g ooo6 o oqr :t = eoo ]aX5 o xl f 3 - oooc} o o c 4 3 o : CUt o tt = o r o AA'E c,|' o o E : Ltt d 3r =$s E 6 od. D-a , a9 o EA e eiFI T s.g o E$f ;, c =: c : ('r+ =7-. : !, : f : cic
Lh i*,

,ts (.t t\l


3lt

s}' S.t

(.'

1",

!$ (,t

F ti, l\'

!u !.,

ql

NJQ

(9

s,\t

s
t,

K i
l.t

*r'

t'<

i,t

4 ql m

++F*

ur'

(o

6{
5 $

.D

N.

(D

N.
(D

o o
:

EEEE

It m nl m

tt e -io 0 tt d'r a o o ii {9 ql

3 !r o o o

o E E QE o !, ;i'
!,

q |,|. I n fr
a.
m

t ;;
z m
a
at

3 m

i::

i
:

t
!,

ql th

tr N ]N e

nt' r ll 0t 0,
'T
CL

sg

P. tr(

n o O'I
D
m

[3

0,

10

O)(

A'

o-

qr,
|D

: ;

::o. ::{D
i;lc
:.fi

::o .:.it

':: :;;
:

, ' '!!.F' : :: *o : !J:


;:o
I

:i i', : :
:

SE ES Oh'

gt
lD

ils 9A
:N

6 m

g o E. ID c =: !! O= q. CL !l o F 3. 93 a It Er I N !l !q =. IrC=' c a o !l(:

5'e

=J. {+o

P=
= -l m
D tll

*r !'* d o:

:o ;:

F*g

(rl

3.

tl F

r.

: : i

iit. ;:::
:::i

S):

ii

:i ::

!8q :r

dflt I gE

il

:$
-

4 m

D: A' ci I E.: {o E.:


: ;

a c: o;

Ai o:

ii ::

li ii

::l

i:q ::o
A

.; :: :: :: il :;
i-

i;

{ D
m m

a
(t

z {

.B

o m
U'

(')

QJ Or s{sot (Ar

tJ(' ro

NNN gf(,ro

dJj-jad*ia 1\' .A rdiiiec)OO(t

o(o

{gt(ngrO@.ts.rrr

ESSSSESFESSSSSdSd*tdx

rt

rT

rt= .l=

fo =c} cC

o o a
tn

p |O:-tg

= ='
o]

3468ts I

Fs;1 tcI$rjl
:'6
6Rd:
r,E
X c F'!2.
ru-=$C

d d A} r f) f, o U) - C o
{D

d*se o F&
(n
(D

(0

;fi fl$ $$ * "Ei1*H1; * rit fr Fas+$6*x*ls ; ili*ggq sHst$frEailFflitrffg$


agtE.+g$$ig$g

gHstiFfl

x o
m
m

o*cq H'F 3 a C

$3tt
=

Xi d co q,g r Q(Dc 6 Q-S

3 3 0).
:J o)
B){

f,il*--r'

F.?Q = 9-3 d:+P LJ


g)

sR9 il:; 5

r+d

o ll)( a o o
lD
o)

C-

*galg+gr*$grig{qgggrgin
q iF$ilgg g$gEg$frfreq{ r$s r
: oF 6
=6-6

,s' a
=!i

?a
Nf fD $t
II)

CDC uco fllr o $:J


Ir(

^u

:'
rn
U c 4l

c f

c ig[FREsF$$*;Hs$H$fg$fr

F *serEFEflitt$d$*f$gfi$[

5UA
104%

Europa de Vest

il
80%
il

60%

40y.

2A%

fffl$fl$$
1t?5 1117 1979
100%

3
l

igr

r 1!Ee lrr.t

tt

7 lllt

leit

1rE! 1915 '19!7 1$0 ttel

-{

Japonia

F r
m m -J

g
F t-

a0%

ir"rr^ *-ffi

()
tTl

60%

10%

-t v !

o
I

20%

19ll t97s

t90t

7 |r8r

1011

Fig. 1.1 Consumul materialelor de adaos lntre ani 1975 - 1992 in S.U.A., Japonia giEurapa de Vesf.

(t,

g, m

o
rtl

D'

gt

ci D = tn t r
m

g*agigggggtggi g*rgi+*ggglgg*g

a;iEss,'a++FEe[$gatE-gE*nraIF
gggEIfigsf,ilgTEIfiFiigt gEBEffig
.=f g':
$ H il;'

l
E
E

r o
F
d

E m
F r 6
!
m

a {

a c
(]

F c

n m

iFfritrir $fiquatIlil$ EfiiE*r$ I-*f;A**'F


E.

e
H

ffi$3gEs?E

gcE$fg;tl ,

$FEfrf,Fg$3 $$I

EaE5

*$

u*3*s*flgfiefles fi ffriB* =- =u r*te*$fl,E*fr$x gtHr3*i i*i$Fligl$F.$ il$[$$i [$fi! t$t*Egi'

sfi

ql

$*gt[+lr

g$gg$a**a eEg$Ff,$ EgEtFs#

ilil;
3 h
m

4
m

gg*gg*iiF$$*ElE*lg[i.$rggiligli
ifl$g*Ei$BS#EE$$Efl$gEE$Bge$gE$g$a

r m

= -{ lt
C

r)
.tt

m m

-l

a
a

o n
m

a$'Ef,gaE3HiE$flgsEiil[Fi*$*i*gfiEEt
g

tn o

TF$ffig6$*$$Ffi[$*creue$aua-*a*='

ciaFR

6 -l o

g
ftr

{
It

aiarilreflg[$g1gfig6, 1igggi$g113gga $*[Ei*[ea*qsFl:n


a;**83$*

a1gffi

3 fll

{
!

tr o
nt m

-{ 7

a,
to m

g*iHlBiEg[1.$ggEtB$$$$rfrut:i$E;,aec

$*$*;ErrlffiggflgigE.gligfiigigE$E

; ; ;, ry i*gt il I f f$F ftE:Fflifr 3gfsFe+E

gag***

lgg gggg i lgt* rt $H-i3siFflE


a 3
E
m

gr** giEggeigggg$llig g
[illggggg

r r

{
m

fiiHig3g3uggg$grF[[alrln{raet
HF$i$3*E3guFagilgiifg$$=Efi

z
-t F

T
a m
(o
E

D
m

7
E I

FE$FF$$$[;$$fi$ r EiHfl! fr=Hg$$ R$$fia*$$F$$rErFfi* i [eArnge$gFt t*uigEil$E-F$afiggfi E : r$E$;r*HF$fr fl#3Fg ;.fl$s n=

$:3r$3$ BilsEssiE =Ft?$tE?*FuF. qear'FfiH5$fl=$$t

--EEt: : . , F=geEs !

? a

frststttttfr aEs$ d

{ c
m

r
Q g
D

fr

3
a
m m

3 m

r 7

F*frc$$gF.[ae

{
r

$#E$ ;EFi i $H3,NE'fi*li Fs[*.l e]fii

|n

fr F

i$*gnriil$;s$g1n;tH **:g*'"I$$fl $s-$ FE$m

(n

>, a m

=
4

ttl

= {
fn

8'Fr*i8ES

o m

z { 7 c

tggElg$3Egfril$1g'Hililg-il{FFi$l$csfrF$

T 7t
o c
an

a;iee:r*rga$aa*ilg*gfl$Fg$gfg*$$a$
OTELURI = ALIAJE:

o c
t

Fe+c+Mn*si+P+s
insotitoare

+ elemente

cr+Ni+Mo+Ti+Nb+Al+cu elemente de aliere

I { g

r
U'
slab aliate EA < 5% - iendintA de durificare
- tenaciiaie scdzuti - fisurare la rece

mediualiateEA=5-10%

inalt aliate

EA < 5%

t
|lt

{. sensibilitate la imbdtrAnire
[- coroziune tenso-fl surantd

[- fragilitate la rece

- tenacitate la ternperaturi scazute

- stabilitate la revenire - fisurare la rece " fragilitate la revenire - fragilitate la fluaj - fisurare prin precipitare (la reAncSlzire) - fisurare orin destrdmare lamelari

3 n
rn

fr
m

r r

3 m
D
m

tr [- precipitarea carburilor
{

- oboseala termicd

[- rezistenla la fluaj
I - tenacitatea scade

{- creqte granulalia

[- fisurare la rece
{

- precipitarea carlourilor

t- corozrune

L- COrozlune

[- fisurare la cald - coroziune intercristalind [- precipitarea carburilor

Fig.ll,1, Probleme la sudarea olelurilor

(tr

:+

II

jl1-=
-Fr

:t; I ila
i q

g)
.--{

a\

:t r n
s) a1
4/t

;-.

n)

f't

\o o\

\o

o .F
tu
F

ai

NR :
ao

\)

Ft

qt

1-h

\
\4,,

N o u (D th

at

{ \b

::i. o-\ :\

et

t* I
I

I =
I

,F' x\ oi\
-*
q:< Fr'

l=
+
.rD

'F

r m

-s

--;"
rf

rb'

= {
ilt

o)
(D

m m

$:* A qi

z {
7
r0 A
tt,

ilst a_ r

d' (^)

j:)
I
I

\\
Qtr

\.

a,

c o
I rn

' gF$rirr;*Fu$==re
$HH$${gE$iitrilEE g i FF i gE tg $i *, g i

5 E'd +v.a

-Gt os(Do o-= f}


-

'd3;-rl
AJP* ^ -t ^\ \,

=; F6"E= Y _,C LJ

c
2

n D

O $tq

a
F

r b

^-

'= fils*$*il*gg6g$FH3\

ar's$*[ iq;i$gflfr tsii=+Hi 3A Fgpu

N * g.g s) tUa-rtorF*rD se Ee oo!2.d F(n =:5 ry*+at g(D!1"=

$.Es# ()" t ='Q 3.q-*s 3 q, g


3 J-

l=

r m

*.

^ x

*s**l**li$**e'{

tP il
0lr "*

o O $

- c)J =(n-

ehva

ou' $o

3 fn
7
m

5p. ;{=r 5$' q:i (/)x *J.


6+

3rn$g*i*;**i

o-

=, H $sD
g)(

;;-

Q. s)

*r*$, $;; [uii** *u$ia=$a


Eg $ 1$S E;f, 5$s-gEq*q:Ht';lif,g +il arr $fi nsEgtFeIdil.:Ffr A$ sil+ ns$ai$fiEeta;tH EF
!:

g$t. $fis**ifrt$rigin* * fi r 5 e a e r'. d

g > { m
f

*[e

F*$***Efi $$Eq*:'= *$ -$

m
:l

3 m
D r
m
o-

$$fi fia*gtHIa=ilaas

\J.

I?I

! 2 i

fi'rgEfirgi${itE*g$
F F HgtE $frH$} E$F5 *g
f 7 3:B !=
@^^ -=q lD fd.= , ll) "tD Cj = :'u) $ =. o n

-f

! n

*i$$g$s
i-;l, ="F

ct G

a
g
P
tn

o m

fPo gae
Hqf :-.lD'H XHJ

':t 3-g oB +
iil 5 aT

<o

({{

S*

-l

I c

=
OJ

il.t {3 o E
Slt NE r's 5 e ''a ; g F E
iil o

$o (,t f q)

-t

a c
n

tr

=d Fg - X -E'F
=n^s

il nO
-ci. =:
(.t)

q - J6'la= xrH q,T g fi5 ;T =rr'rii; a=Y d: Fg p *.(D-l^O)t = sr r frS o-f, dd q)

<*OmJiQ). q,

!;

=.f o){! + '$4. q)


(o

i';---

{'

;l s 3l
5Q

il

n1

-'l

*l
a

lr-

--\

-r-*
r.l-l
-)

= 5 m
m

\
a=3l, ilil+.9
*$
x
=:

r
d

g
m

a n

* q t i S a-o Fo$ *,1 I r: - (Q [i. *.grF=9ffii o-- qil ;N p=reE3::' 3+ "9il +{rl gB st'[i l'Q):' ' s:*=
\PLAC

\ 6X."-d
o

ooN ,-c

l'

!.

r G-f _.6

*e?= q g i. I n*l H g m gRcgBesE=g*3 =,8

-,

o-' gro

a o

d-cP

3!

F$B

h =o *rr 3 v-6
5-'r

lH"sgnreq r g

i sl xE T i.5 fi F: J (D
(D

.fi;H e, x or(o Y

(o

..:::

:"gg; tfutrd5SE f,s$f


s $ s fl $ g *: $b
F==

_
(^

(oc- * ]\) g () ;o 8R (no.c) d oi $fiofr(D


$:
> < ni
Or' Al

$ ff

g;Fa

$$$F$Eir*E;3q A gil dg i*F33s s 4as$': , * g

F+$, i ffg =' ffi i E


P

$;-Q-

='

$ nd.d+il
H

$$$3$ F$p$rrn
$$
H.

$$F

G'

\
+

\
-s

o (oro'-t E 3 = J. ^_'(u 336 s Im

3'qil oo

ft n- q

.E

sc =. a,B
6'td s +F(D
-ED

_o

E E 7
-t

Hf$i*se $E gEgt:3* s3

3e BH E s fi

x-

B (a
ot
F

R.{a d ='g(E q

3 rn
r
6
f|l

x ii Gr sbtl;gq
6- 6' o-

r ^,-frFt"3E E eeE&rc
3

f*fls:aI

6'
,

:* q

t
--l
trt

.*< E{
5p
^iJ

9A iD' dt f x
='

3a *e * u.
1J

O.

r ffi

'tt

2 7 g

{o A

:r

7 o ct
u, m

lD

iD' tr) -=,

F= I .5..5. o
(D{D

o' v, 0 b
m

(D

ie{
t

E-EegeEaE-o?*Hon*Hn

--{ m

o
r c
2, m

*g$Eggffl$igE$flFqtg$U$F$mEg$gE gi E d *'e F$q *fr F1:q3EE [3H;AE fi *$ss$,E

'g a o
(r,

rn

U,
m

;gF gi$$*i3$ia**fi efrg f sfi*il5 gE**fg 5 fli+il9[ is $: a [=3s,3 g i


g
EY

Hss H a ag*$agg** E'f,EH=$$ H

g
E
H

HFg

f; s

Eg g$

9n dq *g]
-a rx
GJ

>_ -3
i^

*o

f'. t,
a

3 3 a 3. 7 f

o
t o)

= A)
:J

A}

c b

g =

z-

0) g)

a- fn (v (D
C)

3 o' o o

ol<

$ aq 5
*$*g*tfi

t\,t

aF
o

6 (o o f o

:-o :<:?
3
1 0)

+EI$u$5t;#raruF
o

+tgfst*f

.A -s

F :^

ir)

tn

o)

s
tr)

a
3

o)

E o d
f

6 Q o
N

c (t
b
J

u
CN

ur
]l

:3
(D

-c (c .;:

c c
(i

c(

A)

'>{
(D

f a!:

=*;+;;i$i$$fi=E$ fi,;$fl5[E; f q:, s*


8.H$Fgs-$$H $$

= -{ m
F r tn a
an

o
f

U U

i o
o
e

{ {

o
UI

c a

).

A),

P o u,
CN

(D

;(t

b $

Ctl

(t (t O

3 o e
al

tr o
m m

f'

= a
AI
rl

ql

(D

E 6
N

-f O

-O)

g q iE
=

fr$gFfilgIIi-

z { c
o

T
(t m

f,

qt

i aF' i q' $E: t, e-t


= (nx H 0!R
-Tl

I c

o
z
m

:+

t.

3F$E*$*E'F g
g

6'
d'

-n

=. :f

.i m t-

o
e
m

ii'

q)
(D

s $# $ s g$ Hgs s-834 =E

C)
u,
:h
O)

o
G)(

(t
o N o
nl

z {
7

no

rglAH^0':Eg ; * &3 n q g E R *, + ;6qo=.x*.5ra a H * F F3 d

9XnEd','?H=*
=

q)

o q)
.oj

d q, o
(D

o rn tj,
-{

h'
0 'n

=
f I

6
o)
^a (u

*eqsrra*fr *4da*sE;x= r#asf*:eFF ;B**=;EF:R


.9tr1"ile8H 96 =$.ff"ilgA"F
doj^or.If]"R.9 x,-*'.-tn* =

a o
o

tlr

ct
0,

E o

#s

7 ll)
o

oQ

c
a

>8 =e-B $fHd.Fgil dd sBl$ g*' $ q EH t: s'.-s;;gt'g5gil,t+ 3el:TB* e$ *H 3 t H#F3 6e FSaHqs: f, t$t:EaEgtFsi ii.*9 sEgs* oo(J|=J(o{-J gl $ r lil's9?d;3d'td ?Y ??T +T' ry ry r'
*6
o

d^QF;

o.
o,

c'lo

gl

hr

ul

o ;i

* r .dR+Eo="e$[gEi[*i;
$ d

fi d, s- $ a q 1q _sr

{ro *- gt< ('t (D $ =E o -:* -a --4o :i' o-(, =. Ol,-H

t';

ff:

f $: fi = 5 e F R ; F X 5 d n, !..d. ='6. fi # g[A aHEe.i g B B *g * F = *E o P 3 nt d s] "e

:t ii

cJ $ o rl) c) r.

(o'

-n

s s H
5 u q

qg

ir \o
'

:tr'

\)
o
C)
(D'

\krr\)< 3 A .' dB

i$ilra es$3amfra+fiH
;ner*$g$$Eg$#gA[frs 6egiil 6p h*.*3 j *+ab9
3 s FE 5; q;
H HHx

\S;.
!FS Siqi
AQ
6'i

ii3

ho ots

$s1iie&g;*5.#t'4q:'3e E i;sF= qrs=:: *E I egs I ? - H3 -'^q i I 10" 6'3 -3 * =$f;'i5Eii.H:,giH 5 =- = * = S g4r*qgdreA =-E' qe &EHgg$E:5
o $ (D
!r

s:Ffi[*:rF$Fd g i*g;Ffi $Ff; g:5 F+BE E E 3 *-s F-{ x * e -, g ;-g A


=
14

g$$

; d e" E{

(D
F

=
P
m

a a

E
D

r tn

o d
vl

s
6 q

q q

F a q

slris

=
m
d

o
a4

.Qn c

a-q

s'3

s \;* lq P3F ^ {} I ls'

t\ lq i\.

C
m

r'l

z {

s$

rl,

^T

(,

c IA

a- :< (D:a{!(Q) o 6 <D ^ =;*=ru ol =91 ll =* =(l)

*3e a-.X.E (D
Q) $

o c
4
ft!

: o 4

Faae* FEf,qaEC

i-accen;

*45fi =

$a$

;gi

$c

I FBi ;*E
r
s'

t m
n

rsr*a+E $[Ea$i* *,: fii sq Q Bsa s'* *: req *trr s H iciigFdHE;c [;lir*$gAi;*Hil$s$Hgg $*tF5t E;segef,*;
g6HE $=

gaE+eg*$$F$EE$;$3qf, gg $Fiq F fii*E:5s$F** ssidN+*x6q.gAgagE+Fgff E ItaiFH,fi 5flp=gfrEHe +6; 3E;a.=E*'l1*gu*uu*n

? F
th m

a o { m

ggfiilgggfir*ggg* ggarg
**$g$ftF$*,*l**a FHscH

fig; Hgig *ild$ila

giagg; g*g
:,ra=qBs;:e

:l,F+**,ili*;*:tI*

n+HHfi

f,Eilf,*3gae*i;[g+ il$fla$ ea;Eeg $a**r$;

';gg'[[ EH;g[; iEe

r;

t\' (,r

L
H

rg*E5**iFE$au**i5uqfi

s 6

a\

Str tr ob SQ
\ +

3
$

i$!f;;3ggr51q;aq:*=i

iiq eEn*af,fi*=*il?*q $

3 D
ln

iegelfl*H**gg$gilil$**
ilililiaFH$EiFE$Eigi*$
I

v
F
m

= I n -)
R (J
I
I

;*
'l

= -{
m

lq
I,

tr
m m

*fi=*s=;r;r*.+F:g*[* l;ai$$giiafrFtE*-*

\ \
I

I
I

ls
ll r<
I I

z {
f,

f
I

R a
!

! p
o g
(t,

tlt

= ilau:f HaF*EH*u***il*a$$F?E*$F*EF*sa=
$E$Ei$ggss$$$E$$i-iig+gigfifiFF F E $E$;$

-{ m

o
m z -{

r0
F
ltt

a c
o
nl

*li*[fi'** i,mFI[= r*$a'$H$Egfi $ g f*-Eg ,E-F[


gq$fl

$$f$[ [g*$A Imfi$,*=EgF

tg

'-$refre*i$ig{{$fEigfig$$tIgfi tf,,$g*tel*$Flt.*$ig'$HFF$F$

h,

f, o f' \;; Sl

o o

t =

cl

N ='l q)r dl ol

= D -{
tn

>

a
|n

g m {
fifi

z ''l {
!
(2
@

gl g
I

o
m

gEEFaglEa$EaFafiegE*ggga;Et gtFggEE;$g g[il}nilflflEEglaEfi[fiBi$FEa*gE

; m z {
'lU

E Fi EfigFi$$ g gg
lgggggigglglEagE,1iggg$rgl
n* n:E

c (n
m

o c
o t: d
m

$+i
[3F

$a*gr+gAdH; g*at$:$c

rFgggB$$

*s }$ r aH iEE r x $*

$ $ 1t
$H
H

*i l
*$ fl
$
E
I\t (o

*ffiaffig$fiE $.gil[;

*Ifi$iqi**

il$

HiliEE g$H:

=_a

^= Y} FO

t
E.gfrg g:,eg
::jl = t,sfr; d *=s$ r *s 8il5 6eaeg
0)

|'.:

&

E ml{I$O.
$

is
$g,s

$iiFiF$F$ggifF,i
ilfE
E8,;

= 3
N 4

I
az>z< ?-e21. !.98_r

3
P
o

i+*ti
I

Ls

-135;o"

i-oi'S ildo"

,5s:di s: 61.s

* H *

=
ra

F
m

;s io
f
t4

PF

--T
.-=t EC)

-j]I(' mrn

c*E i s>-

a: = ft g$H qE a. tra s 0. +$
=, oolD

F*$:3 +q 5 RE {'5 d i O =
FN

ill

r g

tr
10

F
$.

F c

z {

? o o
an

o
m

o c
-{

flEl X+=-6-r
=Z=O:<

FS,

?e

-*:

g=
=a Eo

rE
I

5d

i
N

a$_E u*
o
o 3
>

trrFrEs u i *rrFs$

-l tTt t-

o
4
m

sF5s,fi f fi P +E: N Ii ufr+5* 3 s o;1 ro Y.S.


5

sE B : S 3 $ f, X'96 dR qH hi,P,fi = 6,X :iidF='e + 6qCI*6 d aH3:I

$sn$$$$ai =dEEtard'qx. g ilESFsilI 3 5=,3;::


E
15

h9

$sn$${gi$fiFiEBB$$H$,

o g
t?l

z -{ v ! 7 c

(t,

e fr!

o
o

o6-

:s

ggfi9gg***girg'gg*gF
eea$aaar$gflqfr$H$g

<o

z
zPc.z

re55=fi o d o Lh\ fri H *=Y


4.c e

Tr

! d;h lffEY

a o
A

il a-eP I Ydloo
gl_

il

t4

r
-m7

P'gdsq i;, p iil d

tI siH 6raR

sie

$$g$'$figH$iifF3i$g
6

d,
0)

Fndft

i";?

=Esn*;$$EFiH[i$Hi

A--,

",==:tr-'l

4rY:l

d:anait*g esIEgEoa
'+.:;8gr?

4riflilic,

*r = {

ss$H

H: s\

*a:

r \

iir: I d * 6'o
d *5

0'foo*c.ffo * v-: o F{!.

t\,

(.,

g=$il

3 C $ $(X 3.\ Ot O F< )J.E ID'c^'S

d B"l ,=O;iO
v (ttsgAr ^;I-

a = { fi
4

rgEilgilarIf,Hg &6s:d+63

1#ga 6-8 E; sqgS Y, :l


oJ,=.r
N

r m
r

$$iEEi$$[$$g

o6*(D 5 iio, -(Do o-*(D

*.5 m = { tt
o
1t m

AslHilfi;*; ;
qabo6-o)q)*=l+
F

tFgruargtt
$

5gq z $ =.= e aT Y a
6
&.r>
0,

:. :,

T
n
o (,

8 8t NOn ck6 5 q& g.o q)

= d't

lo ln

(t,

7
m

= aF =^s F==gggH =i iaEaFeFE.EFl $fil F; $$$ H $qs [gg*arrtaaa*frr+gE$qcH E

sE=

qE

"

o
m

r
!

a
ftl

z { 7 c
o
(/t r|I

T n

o
o
P
m

H.ienee**fi; p49* sb;5H+fiE8-

**lleEiggggg

s fi.$* fi$Fg$ gi;sFftgHEg

ra gggiggg*gfig 6
**t Faft*=*E
(.,
(^l

Tabelutllf.4

MARCA OTEL
K410
K46C
K51 0

STAS

coMPoztTlA cHtMtcA, [%]

c
2883/3-BB 2BB3/3-88 0,22 0,22 0.24 0,19

Mn 4,47

si

max

max

Cr

Ni

Mo

9tsm.

Alte

PERE RE [N/mm2t lNlmm2l


400-490 460-550
510-610 350-450
anE

REZTS- LIMITA TENTA DE L,A, RU. CURGE- \LUNGIRT

t%l
zz
20
,to

a,i7 0,050 0,050


0,180,050 0,050 0,045 0,045 0,045 0,050

2283t3-88
8184-87
81
B
1

v.1z 0,85- 0,38.


t.o3 0,37 o,42 0,84
{J.36-

275
315 230 260 290 300

nAt

=
4

OLT35K OLT45K 16Mo3 14CrMo4 10CrMo10 20VWMoCr120

0,140,40

26

r ln
m

84-87 84-87
//

nrq
o.22 0.08nrh

0,40
0,38

aJ4- 0,045 0,050


0,045 0,045 0,045 0,045

450-560 450-560 0,681,04 u,b5- \t=0,025 450-580 1.04 1 qq-

g
-t D

0,10- 0,48- 0,140.74 0,384,74

20
2A 2A

6164-6
81
1

tr o m
m z {

2BB3/3-BB

o:i8

tt'ta-

84-87 0.25

0,14- 0,0,15 0,045 t,u3naa 2.45

i',45
0,30-

450-600
785-930

270
600

1523-87

4,17- 0,30- 0,10-

oBo

o50

0,o30

44 i

12.5

080

O,EU-

V=O,35

1.20

w"0,50

T x
o fi

ul
o
D
m

I -t

o
; m
F

z I
.g

o
fi
an

o
P
m

g$$,$$$ale-Fa--il*ei$$*fl$$gg+3iggg
$ :** i15E

?g EHe$;trr$

$ngrg**i'ggg*rggr,ggggggflgi[g*g

qt
(rl

-t-uB*ss$f1g
fl

g$g$ggggg$$$p69uglgg$l

ggggggiiglF;*ggr

3
m

"x$E=e *Fggggggag$i Eg sEg;g:;i1Hf,6fr[F lEgggr s rFFsErEgfiq Fg

-{

r fn
m
l.

g {

3gggaaggi$16,t*r5fi**l*,*gf$$ggf1'$

nl

z {
n

$$gIgrr$I$gggg$s+ierflasrE =s$a,ilF*Eg*Fg*ifi$$$i[Fgg r o
c
m

E
o

o
-t fi

HNll&

MARCA

OTEL
R37
R44

STAS
Mn 2883/2-80 2883/2-80
1 1

coMPoztTlA cHlMrcA, [%]


si
0,45

REZTSrENTI\ LT LIMITA DE ALUNGIRE


Mo

-l m

max

max

Cr
0,30
U,

Ni

elem.
Al=0,0210

Alte

RUPERE

INimrnzl
360-440 430-540 min.440 510-610
51 0-61 0

CURGERE INlmm?I
225
275 300 340 340 400 450

E
m

W1
zq

0,1s
0,?2 0,14

0,28- 0,1 50,85

0,045 0,045

F o

0,75- 0,150,045 0,c45 1 .15 0,50


t,JU1.90 1,051,65 1,000,120,040 0,045 4,42
0,1 5-

J\J

Al=0,02:0

23
21

c E n
a
tn

09Mn16 R52 Rv52


DAR

502-80

Al=0,015 0,30 max. n 1E max. max,


1 nE

tt,
n
m

2BB3/2-80
11

0,20
0,20 4,24 0,?4

0,040 0.040

Al=0,020

V=0,1li

502-80

't,20

0,150,020 0,025 0,50 0,15-

Al:0,015
V=0,07
A1.0,015 V=0.14 Al=0,015 V=0.1{} Al=0,0200,060 A.l=n n?rl0,060

20
4a 17

1502-80 502-80

1,051,74 1,051,70 0,40

ncn
0,50

0,020 0,025 0,020 nnaa 0,040 0,040 0,040 0,040

540-680 570-730

R5B OLT35R.

11

0,15,
u, tJ-

10382-80
1

0,18
n ac

0.37
0,1 3"

340-440
440-540 440-640

225 225

tR
21

oL1"45R 10Ni35

0382-80

n /(
o,280,s4

0,37

10382-80

n r2

0,1 30,040 0,040 0,37

3,1 0-

Al:0,02t]0.060

3,90

?o

(,

iH*4$aEf*sdasH-il$$$$fr$flf;3$$s *$*,H

$g$E;ii$$$F$$fl+$f$$gfiFi$fir*rF=eIi$
F$Fr $i{[$sE{ :q$s[gm$':$dEE#H 3*=*nH$H gfttf i$*$i*il ; E-$ * ; $ u * *q i#* fit5f

uE aFF$ 3 g$ffr * Ef, Fr 3


m

gEagg$#$**f$iff,Eg$rFflrg$a3HF

s**1

b fi

{
o

rn

fr

z {

$g$g$fr**F$$gr*F$F$iiFF*gg$$FF*$igf

! a
m

fr o

-s*n**l*$g*gsagt$gaFi[Fug$suF*F

u,

g
m

**:E-*fgF.FHsxa;si$=$s = Fgs:t*3;;$3+?Ega*gi;+ 3 * +Heag' qft:E#*Fsfrfr8* F fi, l'qg'fi *g.tfri$r1il$s$$a* -*E i FifiiF il[-;F"'H;q-f1$FH E,* $c E$s+ s$r$ilg#gilg$irfi frF $ I
3

F=
c

o { m
r
!

-l

v
m

-t F
.E

n
g,

a
('
D

-{
m

'a

rE,

=Fila $+p rn, tq5fln aeFggfi$ $E fr r raap :af,t1$e FgEFi$ $.slF gA;8fif,f g I s;E *d.

:d ;g$iEeEgg*ila$*fi Hg $ gn:qqEf,t'$sai;5s H; *-r

fl 5;;F;' is;n *ees[ 3agF:F}

'i

o'Goe
t':

EEX 3 1P oox=j

sF.rq

cl {,

FBfg **4E Ff o o
(.t (o

66'"

gr1*iEfliag*gF*lggrlsgggrfi*a grif i3g='$: i sH$s';a$ii$rsgi$ rr*e***Er


F $$EFilH $g
Elggigi$gggaggiggg*ggggeaq*

gggggl gl

F = ft t J-

3 m
r
!

;;*u$r5g$f$g1g$$

g$gr*elr * Ea5Fng 1g

o m
m

z -l c
o

3 F
to m

i*gilEE$E,$gf,,*$EFfig$i*fiili.$F$Egi

a
m

ggEg giFtili*lagTglggE

-*gr-$grg

o
m

z a ! c a

a
P

H$g$fl$iiE$gFiEaE$iiiFfiEF$Fi$gg$iF

fiEgglggigi*;*irgglgiggr+a*$EFsan

flgg;-3*,t-i*tr$+*ss**$i$$$f,$$$i$ fragE***lF*i*flfrEi[-Fg*'nEsE$**$

-ol+of ; q. 1Q-t

-^= RUd. o x-o'q

.-J

Tl

I s q
s

\ s o

\ \o : s o s s

!u tn s s No.o 5 s s.rc< s.-6

{-\*

5 ;a{ Y 0)(5 !goq'

(}J

E q'4 (t) =. = g r$

st4 5.r9

r( \
\

-/
-rf
+

f
-

iB

.P\ \s or
-w $rrs ;*a \u!s. o o

qE 3 EEd q-nd

<gq $.-.o

;_\ + n \\
at
a1

R_
r
8
a-

**gr+**rgg*+ga,gr$ **il $fl3*$fii$aE$ua


r$EndFu*g$*$*g $$a F**=8'qi'irloenO fsF: FEflrE$+Frig f,f, qil *q HE='d I'qfr qq 5*vi u "il: a etF e
3
|ll

$*g
cto }ras rnt rD 'i
rD \$

I 9,4 r\ geF; V+s


CIL?!

- $,-

/
8_
t\\

I I

\
t

4$s
B

co

i *ru !gxm = FS.

E .i:O

$frI,ilgfA *g&"i iEg Hdr;$6Hl $gSE sfiF #d *r ; il! ot'rDI 4 [ t, E n, $ +.i,9* $3+fl3E3' E'3H + +qe -s g g 9"fi' a$:E"33er:a= :5[AiB$ {Z?_fi, f;'$.t, g$IH' a$ ;ic):a-,
"o q5 q

*T as gF*g*af,'ilgiE:l ;s#
$g*
I'
6;

5+e

3 m
r F
m

|. Ill

tll

_s:

a F o.c)lC $=0)OOe$"-

q)E

;i

FtrO'.i=(/)

O(f,

E.

< $(C f

ryo-flffoil5H:-q q7?dddf;' il-38sesH Emq&

I g

-o

z I c

n
o c @
m

a c E3: s {

t
ggg; gggeEgaiiggg
*

ggt

fl

*a*ar ;ea *rrtt


g

*g il*g a l *gg gEgS1g$g3ggg5gs


qg$

gq geEgE

Ag

$*a
P =
trl

*E* s*F

*:

gF

g $

egfi

*$* ng I r* *

$* $g$ rfi ugui u F$ * *

!t

r m
D r

3 m

{
o

'

fi !

{
3
c (rt
P

I'l 8t,

Hn9 7F :{
o*
Y_

='

(d'

:15cos\+'.9o qscsd$c)ri
aSA<:aSO

{{s{

-d

o
m

= -' <' <r,

o -,Y. uJt:

\ =<5 * >r 0l

r c
n

cl
ctl

.t
Y+g
l"

v,
R.
n

rr$tga+Ec$g$iF
r\

1g

z.
-.t

4.-N q-F ru'


{4 d6'

pRid
:r^=

65 gxtu
bRE

\ -a*-'
_{f*
I

0.ab
o- ox

5'p.
Ld-

a-c -- o- i' .go ;+ 6 !g$ ccs, *(n =r fiqE < 4.(\ ==5"ox x E ad i:o^(D O r irilq

*o o g a"d

eq',6'

l.

S*
<* Gs
r

s -tL a'r
c.

ril
a*

\$ r?
cl
R

gFi$FFqF$F$g$$

v c ! n
o
m
Q'

.*(

\$

(Ds
rS

-|.l

I
*FeegFgrr*eg$
/ =?3
a
R

v,
I l

CI

's
3

Q:r;*: !,NBY

j'& o +H F:
Q-

g;flqafs;*

=P

o" P"i4.dg=qg"s

f,iffaag;lt ai *l*ggriggggrgg
5 trl

8* * sr[;1F$$fl$flg$*fl:Es$* e*5Hgsi**F#fl+qg
J
CN

E"EH=
$e $..e"* 3gHHfi h6;
d$ f;a gq s'8 #q F# a q frq
f(r=

'o
o f, o
U'

Ot(

a a.= + ==BE E CH !J.


i6or6o
.rn

=.f $]c = = o.0) q)==@ f o aq) 4t*oX ll? 5

ssist-llz*+i*a.lasr -F* ;i

$$
N i c he

E*$
+

$*

a{

c)

;{Jl

T a
o a 6'
(0

ilfi

- f,t ll O isga,>: lcdo

d;a.si C Q.o
g,g-on rD

-iit

( = "/" i, 3 0,7" \ ru +. o * i il ; i; s

et

h i v a Le n |

0, 5

x oh l"l n + [ X ] lS

}J
C
5

r\)
:

NJ
:

oc EPeS = i

t\) t\)

N)

c/)

9J

o
N)

:
J

as,is. dEr
!:C *

o o o

es E I q"s

qI E
Bil
$E

P i\) (,
:

o
g,

!) a

=$

3
_w

il : =;o = i"3 q+6 q t {D rti o -(t trArD (A Y3; ii 5 q5* k qF


6 (t) =

$
E

3
m

dt

, r

nt

s
S

rl =

{ D
o m
!
m

5;

*F

E&

\
FJ

p5- q
*

rr s

_-l

o
ot
Q4

='! 3 i g*

fr3

(Jl

= o

. d o I
=

=<or 0)0)nF ^=>u (6 $ -.tu. =b tr+F <r: (u :. ;',g-4+-'

5' : :!! s *
s
l

tr

{
7

('
CD

!i$^ s'N
-u+ Ol(

s*

o,

a
J

#6r'
=
[D.

-t flr
l.

ggFgg

ggilggggg+s
r lgg

ggg

4
!

r rg lg $*gggg

rgs r

v c ! T c
CA

2 a

afl

U,

iebr

*H

**FE$Fgi$gflggigg*, trFilet$*xE$rs H*FfigH$*F5E$i[FF Fgg$*$F$


*3ti;a3\I
Nithel echivalent

l ;$+ril ;*efi**ur
a

+88 s
E

*p

a*;rg;EFFa**E;e

IU3

ri$O:U x.*cu

0J 0i c) s,dF

dFq
oE K.AE 3 a$o !oa I rrof q-.N
-,@ R.C t,

$X OE
JI\

nt

3 m
D r
-,1

$i ggsfr1r argnil$*F a
ggi. s an$ qg.'aeg $A
eo fi o d
=.c

&s 2 { cocL 7 :.
m

$0: o$ co

o
!

-,c a; L. 'g (D

Eo
iiiC} =:

a
w
m

-6 d aa.esce*f$g6gg$$t =o c
f.n5
!.(I)

oj aat
O-

a,

c (', tn

f,

6g'

c 0
P
rn

aFt.i* I I m h c o. +'* =. ='P ='o : a-3":ddil=b =,cj @1i.H Ro3 q93(q eLqE (Dcd=g.; :-{Dc H53 :sE5n o 3 *E il 9'
6,F

nnFa<

or'f a*

898EE838,
Q .l ;1. c/) ofy/ ;{ - o-I v|^t,a
--P'-

a!,-o:

; $

Xi c ='

nt, P-oJ{ u,a A(n

-cc

rJj (, fl)(n -rii n- O .li

-o0.)

o
FJ

+'
=:

Sggc(DF8,8 = aa'_ecHF=S

$. E a a a

o 4 -t
r
tTl

ro$

$(\v

ft;8r**35

a
T m

*eE X'# E;P aA

= afi,T&g $89 0);'{i0)t isrp

3_;'

k,

SE

='

>-u
a-

>-CI
tu-

-'o
cl(p

q'g$*F q

#iF B Es=or:
q
-Yf, I)"t

qi'; H 6 il p dt *

sEg g
E

s't o fi a
H

a o
A)-{

oo

it.$.;gg *. + 3*n0),'erJ6 r 3 i I s E FE 6 * * d'd'P'5


o
AI

sHBAAHFfi

z 1

T F
m

tt

=g F," g

rT 'tn
O()
Ln

CD N)

C'|A

3
Ul

!n sn ul 5 O()
co ('r
N)

ci9tn 'EF oorff gfi= otr


YCU'
,!0

gq Fs !rsg a E I
F$ 4'"- g il F X o 6 5.!,:'
fi Hx
m

; o
I *o *& g4 -r (D cro
t,,)
FI

;?"gifii s qqHSA q
E$.$ds :+ = ll)(
:9.

o5Fd3 F PPtu,* !j'

a 5

c
e

;: \tn

sco

PP 'c')'$t

sFf

u]

cro;
=3 tr$:

$
('l90 ,..
(t rv

x f,'"

0,

!r

aeifl g e

r
qJ

* e-? EP* *36 - cL8

JD

"s
AT

d F

* H;r;P = R i $ i: ;E a iH;..$mi; a #*l


sss 6b';='EsP = uE 5.d i 5; d'd i# 4fi5 f 9o4'o,ba
H$ {D (D

He=5'dil'd * $' et; t.

e!

$ O-

$ag3 f
trr.

IU( g}( ql

aeeFa5RF*$EFEF,EsFFEqs

$gFEra$e

'$il*f;*

;lgfgigggniaertgfi'g*ggFgigggtri*gg$ g*'gF$frs
gp gratffigEl**figg
3

3 D
a |. I''
-t m

a$:j,i

ifigg ;

lglrtggiil

ig

= { tt
m

F1[F E[$$$$-g$; ilF FE E$$Br$iE$F$$*g


egE*atF*$seFEFE*5gfiig$1$3gflHgEil

m z -{ n c ! 7

o
q

o c
o

h
m

Ni

fi e I

p( h

n[

en

.k N i |

30

x./.

C+

J0 xokN t A,S?/,"N

S{{Gsd;-*;;\\

-n'--.,*gFF$*gg$r+g
arggqFBi g g = ff qF'H F s :'e;r q s ;[ fi ; s$gFgH :$fiflE$$f$$gH t s * A ;a' * a $e 1gF 3 f, $ t 3

o
m r

4
m

L
14

z -t
7

\+ .*r v1
:*-

*3

:
a '<\ ,e-.I
|

+
! L'I

v
m
6a

'g

ct

as qiF

a vq $r

a
m

3; frr;
o-*

Fii'
r*;Y"
:;-J.sfl

b' r*3 x-a (Hr


3

g.ggfl}fr

ts+E;g geq;ilg.*gia=5s ad$ai5$s$t$$n$g**$ -*.4il+-v sse$;e p5di$P5*= ugtEEmqgilE$.


H*?q;5 *gsfin$ eE gu+flx$H$ $$

rff Fqqfl3F$ $eB'fEH' e.

s
4

rr*e; e{rtiftietzl = '/ctti,


S r ::::r\\ I \ + q

1C

.'h(,
.{

Jtx,/"tt(C,5fl"1,tn
6 \o S q

qHEeF-;fr

o
m

"EEFg.**$.8 3n gr?3sHF*E$i*f$t+il
aHaPqa3ilt$E=Ft+re*$

z -t n c

e
a

rt (d'E
:-1

q
=_

$snatr;=u$gH$cf;a**s q'
A d9!i:r.or

=q
OS

; B # * I P'; I Fqs.Eds ;,dEeH$gF$gdE


Fg

T a

H; q

A &,H

a
I
f1l

Uc. qs ilF
x
q

\\ i'

F:$

$ig*r: g*[$il$staeeg
=

hrs{

,dy
B

b:

$r$fr{3 E*faFi$$Ffi5s 3;RsaF q#'HA: flHH$E.BsB E$sHsi *f$E$fgfittFs


ErifiiEE*-eEgfiEf,BF$':raas ;* ggixaIa; Y S s' $ ;* "t 5 E =,& F A fr, i[
_F

q+dHqggilgqsA

15*$F$f,F$fsnsa.

F$*rlu1g3ggisgigrsga

*g*rggag$gigggi FF,IFFfi=flsggFFSEF$F$$ e$ :i defr $B $ $c$ Fesegfi*$ilt a$

ig

gnggi;gg$g*g

3
m m

-t

$$$$$Hi3gEm$FfiiiE.g gr $s$$ FifF$fi-$g;

-.* >

=
m

! o
!
m

tlt

ii$$$ii$$!$EgH

z -{
f,

e$**-f,$gF!$ggF n$$gfifg$?gH3[ggf,f
I.

ngr**+crlgf
t
a
CN

+F

T p
g a
m

Q I -t m

H=*FgF fr-Spe; q v'5

s z. o -

o o

U <.
a A
CJ

T rtD

o a
o,

o
I

s o
(/)

o
a

hT

o a\
a

9=
a

t
r

co

; 8*99; io *(,
8
Q F, IFoN,5
^ auo6'o =

*s

3-c' CA'

'-{ m
c.

o
z c T v
m

i$(,A

JO

('r -^ 0) -3 UX
-nl UX I UX

OO -tn:tr
(.rr

C)

NJ
I

l\l :' t$ --l

JO

NTI I

C,)

NJ
I

hir (n

-.1
I

t$
-dr UX

oo
l

-J oi

v><

ux
a
u)<

*3 '^
vx

0J

-3 oH

*3
LJX

f
@

u><

o (]
m
@

qsq*$,
a

S=4 frsz. ClfE.*s)


E 5'S5 =trt a I'u, *. o p ;'".

*3
-cn

oX !(x
irr I

-3 oP aP
(o -{ cn q) -o -o -o -6
I I

*3

*3 -3 oP o*
sN)
I

_,3 c)i
I

UX

_^u UX
N)
I

3 n

o
o o
!
E P
frl

Jo _*.1 OCf

\l -('

-(n
a

(n

ANI

bb

S'

N)

'4

(f c) I

3 o

Fg &R '-YOOu
H-#,

N)a (n (Jl I

UX

*3 -^
UX AO

g)

z
o

6' o
iD(

?!

ro "to
O() I

o)s
I

JQ

cr(o

-cn -(o

C)O

5' 6'

Fe9S
O =1,(D o

HBi
tl
-t

{
il
-I

;e
J

F9 T'o
NJ!

o o
o o
6F

NF}g b'6 E
'!4.

fi

y ". 9.

Or?

qr

-Er-----.

*;'*q'HgEH3'
='J,f,S'6 i il a d'o d.; q,q EE3 *E' 6 t

ioo-qI(,,-.o_ ;3 o oi d(o'g=' ,!sRdlEfla

J 3

n c) !

il
o oq

:'FTilF:'3$q 6 i. A5
H

{
b, ai NX

o
!P

o
o a

el
oq -$6

.;F

-:i &2<

$:=** il$g$flt ,ilF-gcficia*


gggrg*gagg
o
J F

l\t

(rl

o3 BF
I

Nr31! seU
E.3

AE,

-3 -f 'ag --0
"-o o5 o\

o]<

+s*ggsfi.** l-a Ah I c>ol'''*


n-E 3 {,R --p

aqfl$ 9qfl f= ;39='anne;I p5


5

H';

='E =

F '$ s

oA L6 o?<
NN !o -o
iP

.-s ox
@o

-6 ox

'uh
lUt

SN

{ n
-t D C f} fi !
m

3 F
4,

sqH-E

fi'E

'od

z
E
o !

o g

3 m

|. ln

Eh-.g="n'*Qio Esn='rd:e'd fr.dR?ssEq'H gl-i-ru (lt*of ll i


Fig):f;o-h+q='
ol^6ra^+Lol

fr[.ieiilfra H $ 5&e833=

ia

o! o?

-e

'u

_@

o?

$FfF*$$Fgfi

'N;s

-.'

I
>
i
o

z {

56"s.ig qi,d E -: $Hig*9rgd ;--;.^

HB3;oq;S;

p$F
.aoo

?fT

;|
N

snrgggF$

!o ig o

EfiB

T -o

5 o

.;
o

s*1F*iE+3 qB 3 *8*8.8
m

e o m
o
m

cn R

:J
ID

d
UI

.F.

EE=*qE$* nRr :gegxd + 'gF-*E=#*=E--6* : =na#$seq $$Eg5*ggg$gF g'rgilEefe$gmf$$

o
r
m

T f.

'aartggFrg+nilsfl*ili3
Efi il3gfl

z {

:J

(n

q E il a s

-{

i
$

a)
&J

EA$*.;"3

3C

g; $g'

T n
E]

c a

a
P

cn
I

ggf,$$
$gfiEg$fi f,ag$g$E$gi*flfi

o a o c d
r)

c E

s$E$EH$*fi[ilaflqFfitfi *qn$ aggi$;3fig s* $[a [ga$Ha Eg$E $*E;i5$FF sifi3 BI

;fl*:

-=.

N.

g*fiagHB$gaHgig

3fra$g#fg#flHH

(rl
OJ

[*q*fi*$: iE6*;=e*

F
=an

8S
N:.

Ef) o^
>E"
o
;J

aPt+$F:xg*$_Ei $$$s =. I O llE s$F#E[flH*$a$EE gq f; 8 o * o o F[r ;dI x q sg.r*$g$[egHf,iB SBhPs


H

>q d.}

-.o s

*:

o3

7z

Pe :-o z

o
c
a o o

iiE; x+ o!

f, q)' 0, C'J=,

9m
O-O

*F
o
.J

;.aIcgFaH**gHil qg $s Eo q3 ---

$o
=i

Hs
-ta

o:c
o

s9

LF

dg .iv
>+O)

odo
<n
f

$= f)-

$- G)

s* E; q3, qR $$gfi$gg*$F1gla 3 a s.4 ?tp


--' (0 E

lDr

N 6 'b F
<n

('.6- n >
rDO

= 1 nt
tft

-o

o o
I

o ;

A o o

o-= $Y O-6
o)

ID(

$gauf$tpc,gFgs # {8 O:t $rats$;eF e:$H = 9 -j, f En' d'


$(J 'RO

P.d =5

o
-1,

r
!

= -{
m

m m

r'

_o

o
N N
@ Ot

N q

^:1 o o3 FO
U

c,

-t F c fr
t7

**ti*"$$EfF$*
=g

g e$ onrv:

=.,
=:l {o' OO
=

o)

ct,

P a

(n

='3 0G

{
N

q!
(r,

ttt

o >
-l
fn

.
g

EE

$EE Fg $ fig ag $ $ * l1 e$s sa$ifggtt;gg*;qFIHR1 E ilE uas+*i ;i=r$$lp


1E

FH s

. rE

g$iE;

EF$fi

a**Fttl; ile

*a*t*lea**rg$$$ig$gg g
$$$l*

ggiEB*li g+g gfiglgga,i*geglffigEng g

*'tl ;$$:c=? Agt 5gil#F$$ a ilssBsFFHH* $ * $ gg=H a n8 F iflfl $ ilHHfl.{ * $$tE* i#cg$ fl * lHl
d:

uggg6

fi$gggg*$$g$gfigg$*sB*na*la*isir+ =
I

la**e;ggg3f$6iggg$$6;**,*s$r$g,$
*ggagg$$$gggagggFgrggsrc$c $tr8
lt
l!

b r m E m i r
nt

z -l
o o tn e F
m

v o

c 'g

(r,

z. q
a

()
c

AJ

xt

z Fi

z
1 =

o
=.t

N)
(JI

4 N]
LN

d :.
!

z
-l (rl

: z
o

z
o

N)

4.
(n

q,

o
m

o !U( o o

|.

z -l

'-6 ai5

N5
UX

OP
C^:

!-

-J

5
::

coI

@ts ---u UX
'^N

-{5
vx

Cr

oiI

O)

T
I
(D

.ri
+x

ax

*3
oi
UX

u)<

I
3
o f)
7 N

.9
b?)
I

r3

v,
o
D 4
m

ru3
UX
N)r ;1 ;r

-:6 UX
-*l @ -o Ln I

oql
(O '-l "a 7r

xr3
UX

r.-r

i UX
-\

uf
vx

ru3 -^ o) UX
NJJ
t

N) I.J oJ o)

('r (n

(Jr

-(o

;-

(0 -!

--.

N)J

:-!

NJ f\)
I

N(o
Ln
I I

crr (Jl

N9
I

z
o

o
=' 3 o
Ali

-cn?

-c! J\r

f!
,

N)

ks *c)
olo:l-ull }JEiQii(,)O qni ('rti

OX

9t

-(3 X

, ul

O)'

^c/r^-u
vttUUF

Z
-N)
I

Qlru

^o^t:-Q

_-ll

NJ 6i (,);i ". o'F*F;P J

O= e,x

u5

z tl

P}e -c)

-{

o
e

uF

&e
3(D

:*-

(tr

Fgr*"F.g$ng"

$r - stgg* $lfle-E ^fisF

$till-

grgggggFgr*ggrgg*ggggr**ggggggg

E rlggl

g gg
$irgggglglgrngg
rggggrg*sg$

gi$glr

ggE$$$g'$$$fig$$$$flgggg*$gggne*aer{ nsH.qs s rai$ sg F sg iH*$g-fl *4 $lg

;fi*
lct E(D
-l

a at,
!L

;il o f,
ol

o'"9 '(D

-' O; Q -\1 (foY

eBs $*& *
d:dili ,='
aTt

g ? f.

3',q

.-f

o
r
!
m

=:
s)

s -dE
= -,O

soio

U
=, gl

4E I !5.oo"$9

f c P :o o. o=' o (tt (d 3) g? a- x c Eo9. p. a) =' -o *1 o q. g xo 0) -:l. o6- _-. UA f, o :]

fIL^ F' af r dt +P 6 !ff L.)=

c)o tu ID a !r o' q E e o
d

(D:*

4
m

z.

-{

T o
m
u,

'o

S)+

d e o(D ;;' 3's sl d n-0, ulo dE 6- hi q: o


g0

o.
{D

v,
tf

UF'fCI d(I, 0,fF or$Q

gd il. -lffi sd d OJ il8 as t Ro :a (o 9p a e.F NNc 6\u


qr"9F

x(D

(D=' 0) i. o -- D {!. 6
as)

J.

ol$ aiJ I, {5 llr{

il o c X g
at,

Yo.
CQ ifl

g a

a ol c ;) 0)
3"

_4. {D

0)o

c.il 6i $
c

qE c5
;i. l"'

3l'r!. o hu ;o o ;r,F d @ =. t\ :1 <tu

--{0tt *'
i'H,

xd iri s)

-!

d
a

9'o q.o "t, tr o. 1 6 cro a (D-6 ro tr


f

5(D

6 5' 6' =i

o nt g

(0 N ;o a = r * o 0t * .!:_ a - 9. o. (}' s,
(tt

ji{lb---

=' C

fiio q (,
-n

< o) o-o oo =(T) (/) o

f !{

='9

.f q)-n
9ltr: g5 Fi

N]

=sd *il8 aF g
a)

c)di= --. i'i \u o+{

;$a FF[tH fr ua ;qses5+q+; 6,q AE <o


i*5ifrEfim$$HHeEABte$
at .sr.

o== N.6 *

!)(\xi
(}xg-^

asE a mf

6:o
-rt
--tJ

sii :X O(o
5Yil:t {')
E_ of!
t!,

-\^ < f (,)=gi'


a:
.4= =:L gJi
0),

=oO

\/

$ *E$tii*frffi$ F ;iEa:=$$ifa ?is;B F$*, $$

r$E:: Ffrfilfr qe
EEEsE

:. c
D

*il *fFgg$

nq$$g*

fl g

q: o r Fs**HnHHs Fhi E g :6 g==.$$fl$H '.io d Fi il =


-: Eui
Y'n \'f +

:l o' or() o

3 P
m

= =

4
tn

3 m
r
+
rn

Fg
?

f,

'9.

sr,.

; o

flgF;$ =frF$$
flaail'f,

z a
'g
o g
(tt

o)

a
f, 0 o ,tf
{,J
A)(

u,

reesfr

9 o

o
-l m

= =F t< 6 6n 9 n q'F 5
c$Or) =69.o-lQ -oo.d ilq q *

+=

seg$

x=iu $frEt

=nua[ilxg*agFaiu$,g;,

-tt

4 {
rn

tEFIisFFa$g;seg$sidn''se

cs$ g =o c 5 q" o $
(D $,!(/) i'

5 qa$ o.
3 (D -=' 0)( ctr f 4lvrtr 3 sfi c

gtfi gBg*igge$g'gggg$figlg{ggl[ggEg

;frB*. Ho<uo 6 :A c, 5E
ilffi9,;

i **gil$$$gEFEgI.EEfiF$*g[g$*r$

*+tia*iltl**$$g#$;$fi$[$$$**$r
pilirgte$tH=$tfiHa*gBgfl*H$*

n td'

6io Flq

g)(D

fi

3 $ 9=*8 ft E. ge',gaf

(E'

tl

o, N

*
U)

geg$ggg*i*ggl;ggg.ir$$$
gu* g$r igq-f$$il* r n$ii e d a*+=$ 5f fl$ { =
se $a

o o
O)

,r.

(,
r

{-

;$
(D

^r I tB *d, + dr
cj

N,

1 o
cr

= I
D

tn m

= {
tr o
I'l
1t m

grg*+F*;gfl=gaafi

rar'fi.$'fruH$EiE$f,

g 5
$H

r 3 E . n *+

g?" gA

t*+s

J !

t T
c
0

z c

*t*ggE3-rHF$
+3E _ c A'
*=.= v

ui* e$q d33: a$rg$q Ii:a (Doo-:0r$ o$$o


th
<t

o c
m

flI

* g,s f t E" ?
g$
B

!o 6r 1a

ri'
Q(

FE: 9E 9 E qF-3r'fl3r'd, il
= Fi + g FE g E f; F 5R"U.5HfiAEe ffc'O F'+6'"o9-

n
o'

(!

<3y.96hi,9fi*^ I 3g'Fi9s B+34


m

TI

39tr
=O 0:

(/,

*qg E $ $,c F .$$ g4*


o.p*'

Ai trH o +1 o
'

= Es
tr-

3F= rg x qH $,
fi=r3 gS: 3+t t3 qfr s
$E
t

gqq :dg{ il*n B- e 3i *EE F**fl F,A s' A6,FE H n $, ;'ae- t fi 3 e s " 53 i*iE' r 3 xrfi
A'8-A EB-b-oi' ba)'oc tu,3
il
S

9.

Edu.

*d=' :;;
')
c) r!

^P g

a.

.} ar

"fieF :0)r ; !: = 3*-ot n'; Qffor o-9 +.q, g+ g.*q 58. G6o
'.:Q tD
'1

gFfl a$ ,,F

g
(D

g
o
fi,

=EG u -c, -iE U=D

ilii+"!4o o irir o'!4.


'

"uO =3 8a :0,- s

s hj.

-a9c

Fq ;.s 6
-Sl

o 6
o)

a ItPn-n-q-fl-n ooooo

Fq)

6-

N
ol

$aHHsB
r
S(,)(iNNr4

qs
ad
trT = # =. :r"6 ii H
3'

*._aggig.Bg{9-F Es:
a

seFe

rue

='* OBE
:<gx

6*e :1 FrU
o o^ (D*n al nr -'O

0!

5q6

!! o

o o

Q(.,lclcnocho ooooooo

usTS i & n
3bq3 .lJo o
5

af n$ a a

a-8 fig $ sg*$ n e g i;' $e 5E gilg u,


g
!
nt

3 {s. s$;
F $,ii ;'g F h
=: ai3

* d'il d
FE

c
AT

EE$+ggsr[E**an$$$fr
a fl
L I

^{s q58
v-R6'

(Jt(']lrs.tsaAJ c (9(!{A(rr(o eao()oc) (t)(rt+Aod o$@Nd)o

7 b

=fit 4"6q3
Ir

i 3'a.ff =:
_\l o

EgEfEl$E[$Ffil6iHfi$ .geairg$$g*g*ragg$

|m
m .,{

saCI5

P r
Ifl
m

x sa E (D cLSi

=.*6 ()rc

(tr (Jt (,| (h $, * 't:' i.r' '<.lr b ir! b

l<@

3 f; $ st
cl
+ :t' rod

i3 q'g I
q

H fi,0-

t\)r$N)rrJA hr{o@\.t}o oooc)odo b|.li$|.thrr'* QCo(t)&r(D(, aooctooo

=o o,

El

t $glsE*t'nu[

T 2 .{ F c

-ss=d

T n
o

o
att

n
U'
ct

$ig=:*tEi'$;*Fi9

tt {

'tl = o { = trt

E*aililgrgaglggigrlrur
iig*gsifi,$sni,H*$11u$$

: *ag*gaglgig'g

f
n

tt*n a**rli*

$.

llE g E3$$H$i EE$ss BF


i:E i *1$ $* i1E r

$fi

'* i

ti$gigl $
F

Ft$n$g$$

''

ur

o-

o I X$

$ =' (ri ^

cro.lf, Y (ri

;to :,:i

or
C,

EA$+=qgg i;{sg

firF;e*ar

aas5$

F$ffi$f;ta gag*Hs*3 ilrggg $*


3

fl*a$fi*$q$$f[q$$ g*f{ fiil {i*ga R$ s-fiesa :.s $6f;=g $i *$$lH *q: Itq-E -l, rE35s e; $i d * fn6;: S $'E ag* 5

f, D

' m
d

3
m

c
*t

2 -{ It

.o
F
')

e ct
ln
IF

is qa i$ Es* * gfi $g aH;


$
DiaGrupa Marca fonlei metrul

gfr

Ss'

sa \.+ o-+

a C
g tt
m

TMd
Rezi$tenta la rupere la tractiune Limita de

tv.2
.rI
E d

eurgere

Alungirea la rupere A
Pntri 1,0=

Duritatea Brinell max,

conventionala

epruvetei
q

R,r
[Nlmm'?]

Rpo,z

Rpo,s

5,65($6)1/2
,/o

{N/rnrn':l

{N/mm'l

lmml
Fonta maleabild cu Inima alba Fmn

fkof/mm1) 340(34)

240
4

350.)

12
4li

350(35) 360(36) 360(36) 200

240 244 220 220


?20 160
160

200
240 260

tn
F

Fme 400 ")


l|(

400(40) 420t421 300(30) 320(32) 350{3S) 370(37) 450{45) 500(50) 650{55) 600(60) 650{65) 7oo(70) It
16 15 15
1E

220
z^tu

Fonla maloabila cu inima neagra

Fnn 300
Fmn 320

6
R

Fmn 350
Fmn 370 Fmp 450.)

170
1S0

190

{n

{60
150

210 280
320 360 390 430 550

tz
6
5 4 3

260 300
JJU

220
atA 260

Fmp 500

15

I I
t

Fonta male-

Fmp 550
Fmp 600 Fmp 650

IA
al

I ab*a perlitica

360
390 500

274 274
280

15

Fmp 700

IA

"'

S'e executa numai cu cordul producatorului,

(t,

8-n -s

----*-T, {oCJ

a G'

eg

_ q!P l lsggg {E i+ t-, tr.4Fg*$3f Fi*Es;g'.*Hq Srti : F$B

sfi agg rg sg tg rfi

{i d:< q)',L

S'

gg$rg$er;

flgggg;s

Sil : gfi$ eFii \


Q(Diil'x.b (d$lD
\n\ ri o)' vfli {} r'

P = m
I

f,
'Fr
(...t

iggggrrggg-gilg*a$g* qr*:s$au; a$*$flus ;ilq qo"6'fe6'+d9ilHEE $93


gfr$fi5*+
; i ; 3$H3ri a#a F43!,*;'rs*q.FF[;
seFi f aheo; FIHilto'< qe
A

*ii

o!9

tr f)
m

3 rfl { b
!
m

z *l
F fr
lt,
l?t

'u
c'

-,F $ s

$'.gE$EEEI*HiHH$g
-. w:
o-

I l's*'e6;A! 3, fi H fr* nGq;:s sEFEF.6*= SS F;=f 6"e??9dS.->S='frT

5fi

(rt
FI

= o

'fl
z.

o = {D o a
a

e1$$Ee*g

**a-*Fg$$eileBil:trFf,F$g$f,= $uu

-,|

o 5
0l

Egl$$$.93Fgg.$fr$$rgB*$g$fi$iE3fil*$fr$ *$FgBc$$u$efigtEs$gg$a;fitr5161['EgE*

o p.
_p),

= o
a $ a
o) A

ale**al*$$g$$i$iggi$$6i,[1$g[pg
E*E$Efi$gE$aisFnHrE$*iq*$g$*$il
(tt (0

a
U

^ ;i'

=
-d

'*g;*$FiEg$r**rg*i*ilig*u***

;g p o
q

13o=

EH6
e$:

Fg i#i 35 3

$tt ^= ?3
A=',E

s-='

I o.--n E *G'

'.\,'.lF
JI

$g sK=-

I
f

,t t' .

"F$s $tSs iEfi$

f "d '
f1-. zr;"

.,{*

l;$

6Ed Noo.
o"r1,

o
, ,(of:+

*3aaa3, lF

i*'

.***.

".:;l]

gEgigi$$$
a$

3$i ffiF=
EH :ico

:$ *$

$EE8
=R ...,=,e

'n$'

$fFfd o;:9tt

N
;-S$+.#F

$,ls$gqfi$ a9EAg9i fiigg$aftg -*f, o o o:ii o


..^O(O(O(OXc,v
'(u+*+

cror

ccc

51

69
P = m

;qsSSeFfr iA=
ff.9''1 (6 e

g
*

S 3, -r Hg
n Fd
N,ff _,
f

aA$9

.s= 4 F sE m 9o g m I =o c
tTl

o
!

*gi E

l;-'f*r{i
? f'-f"":";i

n #:i
n -g

o -

Ex
fri

=, *

m
-l

z
o (' c g,
|lt

3FE

o(}

*s. Ia

H= l40l

F c |o F

CN

P
m

FEuEsi-*FU;$

pTgEg

l=*aE'l.,E

nF,Ea

o z
n?

*ggEgg*rs s+gi $*gg

Eiig$$g,finfiE$$EE$SEiaEiFgFg$g
EEg-E;$ H $gii

'g

*,ig ffi iggagg

$$ 5$ $i g s 3Efii
$$fi

.3*r$am6F$gfi${fiFEE$$*BfE$

zo ao f *O-^

d$

o-n

'n 'n

q n fi I s qx F d:il ilS 5 66 d

I o (3

? N

{ O
tu

'Tl

"n
D

-rl .$
f

.F o o q o al P ? P ? ? qr N N) n

o) 0

:r3

Fi

6n

-;-&3-ileg_,
TH

I\I

$Fgfifi-[$

o) u s o o o o {Jr o n dEoin o o o 4) :oE@

n
L

o-F

*$$gafrFr$iF'F
Cj s

3"=.
P il o
o I. q 4

E3$Hg

f*+aa

-.1

{
o,

.E(A

>e5
,F

$FEr$;E
g$age
q,H,g5

E.f;

3 h
m

fi

'=t,$fr;'

$$Fe

s sB
g.

.x ExS ge)ai

$ 6 g

?.

s.q

t.cE J+ s
mqr ._6-

o o

$$$gfr*ix*+'i
aFs$g*ggi$iE

g
r
ffl z {
d

ttt

{ o, ; i ? o o P P ? s d, A N N @ l.J h) o o o 6 o c) 6 o d)
N

(,

i*$i*iH gEgHE, g$i


o-:---'-- $

il

8,9 o o

OC 2q d:

oa o6' do <a

I'

o e
@

s
D

o o

o o

$&F
ct
n-

*Ef ^.ra 4

$gicgili=ilifis*
*-il-aFflr*
(D

3 E
I c tn o

a e
I'
rr
m

o -C)d :l l$ 6' r!) -e od o -t,l ol o o >s15 0) -nO o o


f

-T a c@ a. tt, oF o oo.
g]

:lo

c N c
g)

6,

+d, i-' 's a c oo c fD> r f


o
N

=-'iD'

d sE f

qda

Jo o d Cr( O o o $(D N (D0) ot s-3 =. 3 oi5 o (D(D {D (D (ua o- 0x -*. =o 5' f rD5 qt o U' o) (D :l o a HE q c) (D qio 6. o ^ !!. o o. c ir5 o o) u - 0) *o o o g) P e8 P (D o Xa'$) o- :1. sq Y XN c g, 3 o 46($' 9" Hfi. 3 N Fg :l = (f)O o (/r5 o 0, =L g a N
(o

;e3 963
o- c

q Or

I o

9o

QDt

6 o (t c

:f

3r 6- o-

Hqil

$'
J.

6'

e3

o c
a

6"

JO 3 {D A)( :tr 3 (,,o o


iG

0}( E- lrl a

gl
(D

n, B)

:'s

$aD o

s( 0)(O E o I(''

a#

- qg
df

oo5 HN.q. iil o.^. ='E


.9:

sq$ u-{ -

{ri C} 5' a (D tlt o aIu ilr' a 9o (D g. "!!. (ua o $ (o(D f a {E q 6,o e o o 3 O* :1. q) a 5

]C

r ('d

(D

0) a

n o

ftt(

tu c $o - [, d 6"o :1 (D o 6' @ {tl- =i o) :^ il 6 r oio {e. 5' o E = x vra


dF

0)

a6 gro

o a d o :I
o g)
c)
0)(

:l "-. 3

o o

A) (D

gl

(? 11:l

!oB
ja

o8l pl 6' 3o
.tl

6d-

g6
J-

OT

v:a J _=:0r.b=r-rg =._ " ^F.5iri,YJo x.u,O-rr J Sf,d

Es'

g qg

'n 0 z
-t m

ifdEFHse'

o o
o = o

=idq fl lD'I' <u::J

F9 5q : eq
3 -o orP
=F' r19

Hd=

E.; *

lf *n !)

H S.H

fi

tg ; g8 -=

fiss; X o-E
30(D

- (f Y.

d T o
(D

f) :I EE !T =qt 6N g =N q. i'i 0)< O -< - Jootr (D ,:i Aa 3 **,o I 0, 01. T {a) g. a" =0) & {4. -.q J 3q o co _q 7qr:
(} =No oi'
-f

0, c)

35 ; -- -:f

(D

sA

o 0) alo r< o f Jg. -o o :. 0) o g; N


0]' N f ql(

sl E

o o (,gl{

o f at, o

-='
-.t

c :
r

Eo i(D of dq
g6B@ fo FO

; q o{D 3 o d g) a g,

Rq Fo ar

-i :)

r c)6 -e
CL
(D

J o -* o)t D 0 :'= r0) ^a

-S =' 5' {o j*' s)

ai'

=3

r{rl

='B)

qe
qlo

urrr ot

3 (D
J

-o gq 'u
o

c lC
d
t]t

a u<

5r
o
fri'

g z* -' c) c xa. I o = $o @ f C o6' =o o P:


o tn
f)
:J

ra

il ,srq3* o da0. I
FotD .ir=

: -; - =O g FQpEq -, aE"ilF fr :'


O

5 $Hqq8 ;' 3 d'sn3g g I +ag'a$


=0)(

APgFP*'$ 3qHHN, 5 (D Or
ri{(D(ul)
C

=**il3g8q fi.= S =i EP

fi q-tDq1

sit

6-6F 5 I o 6 R*Eo $ 3 l8-$

fu.

-Q"

:-

=rO qfi

J5

t9!u a, 9= it

o'i
l.

0I

o
0)

ar

:f
0r =

sr

--'(D

{a

a9 q0'

!o( id

o'

lr o
.Q

:l

X'='Xi b. td:E :1 ag=


X L+
:.

*,il;

q F fi
q 6 a
fr

F
q''

o a o

Hd* d llr. =.(D c$

7
_i.

(.'

t
g$$$

g$gg

g$i$giigggsgiggg*r*rgSgggglggrrr

q*fi$r

3 D

$ Egg$F$gg{-

F $ Ffr'f,

! r m
m

m ;o

= {

rig$+*iggisglgiggggrgggggggqrgg

t'l z { ;s c ! n
g, m

$iF$$'i$iF$$FF$Hg$$$$$$gfi$$
c)
ll

$ g

{ m

mm -n
tl -n'Tl -o -c) 9- <o

Tl

o c :l 3 o)
.x'

o f o a

oI

tn

88 qa (8(ci
!DO sJ
o)
-g

a6' $4. ao {'r o


-4

o
&1

N) C)

CN

c c

-J 3 l\)

!D or po

Sr

*o oll co

19= !g !t

i'g !r _,o
(t
$

Cn

!o gJ
N

g)

ol

o lf, r
sl,

E* ilrd
*(h

oo)

8r
UE
'ecG)

$E t *"o F a Nvt . ot{o q o OF fr :=o- c J -' $ o=


:.
1

o E

{s.
a q)
tu

CN

:1. c)

f,

o g)
a

g.
{D

o :t o
a

tqJE sa I il ; H g fi ry H * qE q o
c N c
(?

'n
o
m

Itt

((}

E Ju
0)
(D

+E tro
to3 cL

d-t oo
u,

.E.

x;- 6o-*H N'o * I* lxo (D=r oxol a :lC' c trEE q, i. a) 'at;


:)
(D

q)

g.q

d gJ
=! a a

hio c PE :1.
(uc

eS 9o
=ri o-E"

aq f\) -o) o
;i
(n

tr a
r0

9nlseElFtrq

z {

o
(rt
SJ

i$ne.egi.gE.$

5 q)
0)

=c) ot a-

c)

-x.e
-O)t

d' d' ! 9.. o


$

a o N,

e"

c c @ c
= a

f, a

s0,

EI tto

N'X

*E \/
ol
0)

:-a

-IJ o (J-

s
::. o

a1 (D(D
6-r
6o-

oo

GO Nf,
LA

qDo

o)

6
0)

-p)

='d'
J-' g)^ +m

qs
iri

3o g.$

!o

o)c

irP chi io" EA fi6.

=g) a(D 11*

$* o_o oQI c}:l q il.4 ID= o () :i'


(n

E8 Rd oa

Hi

a
CD

o tt
c).

3 @

o g o o
!)

C)

= 0l C =6 (g - 3l o g
g,
(D

:1

f.

,G

o g

o.

6'- 5
or

(D(/) rDc (/lg

R.

;5 o3)

o0)

3 s)
a
0)

q,

ft'_g or

5'
=

*oc) (u
^0, i*'rf
J-U

o; ;r l,{ (D(DN

miD

E-! 9o (Do

._,(D

VJ. E

l-

46
=E

q4
q)L

-*E

[l f'1

*d :!. $o .q ..* o ^=' hi-_


o)

6 a
(,

o o

d :

c
a

dE_
@

0)

-o
=l 5'

o)

ox' (D --{

=^
*.f

L-.

oo

f, g.

dqli I A= iee= d."F = o a is fi # F # e fi sd aFE &g ss


a
TD

i$Eri$$fi$$ 6 *$a++ +E rl o o il3' a?; $figg q F r {ff u' $ H'a 4 *8ooi o 63FaH oq39 lEAil& 3", Ste ='S1o I' o fi$ean n+f;i a
AI

0)

5 :f. nt
a,

c.

s)
0)

N.
(t,

o8
-ol F:-r

(D
| | |

I.*iiieii * nf *F s:f
frE$$$sg$ i tFe 6 Xe
Hfr* g fiff
E F
m 4,

il\mmm{2.-m

bt
|

**i+l
q

eg

|. m
-{ ! r
m

3i; $-E
S
CI.

ffipij c);o

$$$E

m $ T't m s3 1' z f (D .{ n

*s g'g
Eot$

c T v o
o
ct

RGY

Ez

(r,
g
D
m

?E ) o)c oo ol(D a' =A :) rP6 !r g)( d* o- *4n a lD --' s.d orL r:6 3' co T. E' XID 0l totrR c, o a5 f =.4 :. v6 T' -=t -g itr). olt f
0)(
UI

o a :i o U3 (t ^Q f) E ts/O - d o_ =. 5' .gl 5 rL 1 o- 0)t 6'.o {t o


o-

o g> = iIt)

F;

F'a q !(/,

xo gc 6d E gl r(tr N llt
S=' NC.
<n-

gc;
g.
61

g)
tD

F; o {q gF _g $ o 6 tr)(O c 0l sff 6 9. ;a ct fr' X $c F 5' flt (Dgl N3 ar oo o- oo c a o 6' o


'c]

plL a6 g ot( = </) 9s)

5'
?

r g. 5' {o o!D q6 dfi o0)


1

uR qg
J
gt,

E OF o:i
<g

ro)

(D

tn th @.

f 'lt 0Jr 5 qt

0l'

(D

o,

:J

6'v

9g(] 6' 9t
i$,

l.a (D o o.Q i5> 0r c) o Zs) o ;il OF FO' 5d (D 6ro r$ :{ gc, F= o- :Jtr o -- G _6- E r; =. 5. o t$c (d r(O ^5 0r' E6' !* (D + lJi aa g) c[ o.
o rr c
0)

a q

5 m

m m

F r

n
g
tt m

rr 6'
Q-

g)(

g) q) (t,

3
0,

c0)
FO

e'

sl

{D(D

g
E

6
I ?

=z FT =-O q3 =?
E=

FE :a =g
]D

E. P= =' 6+. ". (n .0} ;: 5 (0 o a Ur= q) *\. oE' n) tn -: o=. 6 g, =o a. 6'c_ gd Si F: ='lD :L g. ; :l JE ll) -9r -=. rO R0x EG -.s o o : :^- vo ut 6 c) &4 3 O- {/) =' ps :.o 0) Ol( o o gY 5 a en'6' (t, ;;^ g. * E s3 & dR -= o';, oii T' :f, N. {t c'. d6 o
IUr

to

-o)

.!t. {rt

{D(

ll)

a{

P6"

oo $ t) (t N) 6 x^ il c (Jt fl6' f) d .r o 0l q"$ =. z b" 6d


TD

Sr o f,
5g

]. o o 6t
(D

ID

:1. St(

6' tPn c(D 0rr .96 tt, o * c

E"- (D:l c\

:*(D f5s JPE :c {Dc (}:l


a* N

g'q itE
i5 :t zr u(ll (D=' :f,o ,RA (ao ;i(D
iX'$!

tr*

0)(

.D

5 at, 3 $

o a o

c
N" A'

0r o (D =. c pv E' 6-= c O=. (r F' g)( av, (D5


xO) $F ('N
(D

3'ffi n -t*

ttr *g I g9 sa oQ" o.k


II)
(D

H'd d ^o ET
o 'i3
AI

lg

oc

si.

ll)

m =

-m

()E.

"Ig m m9 OX ffrO

so

gft'rl
g, m

:,-

l-

N P{

N E* e- -o
gt

g)

rA 0!E 6' or o' f,

d
(t,
(D

:f,o e0t

od

o-

:-' dr

Sr 6: -o

>.6. rnO ao o=. .t 0) ON

6-

:J $
A)

N.

Ed
f

=6 NO j-..1c U

o: -

not $rlt\) () ;5(d !L\


:l (o ect iDb lb
a:J
[B
q)

=s

x.

a 3 B) (t ,p o T
=:

f,

-od 6 sE. o0t 6 ..N trc

8s tr;

d6

6r

r,H
a c', co

q) g)(

g
6t

s.9

o s(D Jr fD. 3 qJ^ 6,4 (D >R ;U ;i


a

0)t N

:i s'' 5= 5I$ BE -" (a


36-

E.g fi.

-e

yl

i;-

{ {

t rug=fla

Frgi* F* f,6i- ,=*t'u


$ $$$i$g

i*

[4F

{ s

$$gFFf,i$i=fi

g$$F$iii

oocJ ft 3: P&

F=

*'$$ F e?S

;t3E
55

da;= =::
$E efr g gs' g* !e u
m

gg$gg$gagggee**ggi**gi**$r =$gif5 =$m$F$


i:Fs $s$

css$fi*risa
a {D :f _r
|t)

; FE i dr*'n ggg$gp$3 5$

f,a 8 a of}f* or9o' gH6J


3'g 3,fi, ' a-n =:-l 6 Eg 91 r"$ J c, ='B< E'>=
,-'f, o
-'J

frndn

3 m li
ftl

EEsgg$$s$-$$;$$$igF$E
a o
A)

g) (oc F-(o9 q!

m
@

z fr c a o tt c a)

T nr

0 D
m

.{

0)

o o. t N6= o) 0t c.8,3 "8. e gr 1 = u. iri '- q) = gE' $ Y o <gf -8. o fin c ($ {D (.) o o :. :f, o = o ii$ =. 6' q O6-tv-a 3 + t.lO:J ot 4q q4 0, o f N.

ox q,

g; di F o 9E F ItrF tr stra ;l o -,E'= o o coil


q)
an

eo' FE. F o E= s Pp >6 s) >T r) --=gpr o (r, :.1 a "!4 ii E ,c


\.1
o,
(n

pr

F r m 7 tn

=
m

a "6:

Rs sss (6q
6 ffe, ooL g.
s.

,s

t":
=r:1t

g)

g x'

o"3q +J n

(D

g. a - 8trs 9. - d, a 9S, o f, f,'* a Endt (, - a tuxlu n-3 lD = s hi eS. c ;6(D - =r . -'tr) tl, :. 3 E l! 0) :l o c =6-F tr a@6 ii
St( (tt

t 5'.0, id d' T o (DtnO = a lf, g c - ,o a H$m a 5 J N x. o) =' g 6'g id o 9Fo a f o F,H C 6 -^N q,

o o

* hgfr x -,o

-id*dig

i E6*P3

qs
>d t^-1.

---->Tenperof uro,
.i
I

{oC

o\

\o

o !, ct,
m

eFil E -e SnEiE sa8


=

E'[*si

R6o aF K 3-* ii Bq # 6P o5*

6"

; *s ;' F* l
i{\

iltr I q$
s
'D

urific

T i q

ts
.a
fD

r9fi;* E:
cno F:"

9aIpg

:J

$> dqO,N

qbt

'fr&&&E> a t I is. *

G',

8d=
E'(/)6'
3-\u a

Bfr t*

'b

se
;'

rb- Q

:T

3d' $E

=<R 3dg';>

l*.1

_9

o a_A ooN

= & f, 3-=6

=': i il S g:;<H
o

-., q

3 o'' 1!D(,,t =c 6$* 3 s=


(D

A-'t $d-

-6

6 TabelulV.l
IT,

o
Comparitja chimlca (eiomsntol prlnclpelo de alisrs In %, rstul elumlniu si lmpurihti) 1.^ eu NI MI SI F6 Cr

Clrsa Aralo neaurfilaptl


pdn latamont tsrmio 3 4 Allalo

MarEa Mn

\lMn1

t,u-1,3
0,1-0,3 0,1-0,4
1

\tMgl {Mg2 {MnMa


AlCu4MgMn AiCu4Mgl,SMn

05.1,2
1.8-2.6

,0-1,5

0,&1,t
o,4-0,8 I ,Z-t,.8 o,5-o,8
2,O.?,5 5,r5'4,6

5 defor6 mabil'.

qlt4.
iurifi-

AtiaJr de lip

0,4.0,6

mar.0,l
mar,C,5 o,3-0,7 0,1-0,2
o,E-1.3
o,E- 1,3

dqrafuminlu
Allaja AUt&Si

c,$o,8

3,&4.9

ilbilc
,rin fau|-

\rwsi
Agn6i4g2Cu2
PJCU?lt,lg1,5Ni

flEaq
lnatts

rsis-

03s,4

1,O-2,5

0,05-0,15
o,o2-u,1

r6nt

ionta
Atlala rells-

3 >
||l D tn g
m

I
tr
11 12

Itmlc

1,4-1,8

1,:l-?,5 4,U"5,0

lent6 h cald

dtcu4tl
Aliale Al - Cu ATCu4Sl

0,o5-0,35 0,8-1,?

4,0-5,0
7,S.0,5

Alirle

{TCUE

1a ponlru 14 IUtna15

qTCuloMd

0,15-0,35 u,64J,! 0,2"0.8 0,2.0,5


0,2"0,5

9.O.11,0
1 ,8-2,

o
5,&7,0
11,0-13,5
11,0-13,5

Alst:lMg
Aliaj! Al- Sl
(eililmlnurl) ATSl6Cu4 ATSI12 ATSh2MgF ATsll2CuMENi

u,3-u,6 3,0-6,0 0.2-0,5

tofio

! fi

1 41

t
19

0,?-0,5
U,J-U,O Q,2.O,4

o,&1,5

0,8-1,5

z -l F c
0,E-1,3
u,{,tc-{J,z

Tldgs$l AlieieAl- Mg
AliaJa

z,$.t,4
5,+7,0
s,s-10,5 u,4-u,,f 0.1-0,3
1

11.0-13,5 0,9-1,3

! F

TMgo

o
(t,
l'lt

TMEt0
Al . Zn ATZngMg ATZn10Si7 ATCu4Ni?Mel
23 24

0,?-,06

0,1 5-0,35

4,3.q,U

0,15-0,4

0,05-0,2 0,1-0,3

6,8-8,0 3,5-4,5

7,0-12,0

\lialo rsisientg la cald

.2-1,8

g
m

.l| o :(t >* s f,ct BQ ;tro ox q)

50 l)c
5'E --t :l 5 x,a
T

s$ e. o\*
$s >
(D

>it {-{ a $

fl'..&
FEE3

q* ll{ ni O)

;F fr9 $,$ q) No

iF
a$
=v

-L.d

8i ci Xoj
I

$#
*gg;
+

ai c) ts

3$ g q g ql (tl G =.s *iss"dTfr$g[;ilThA_ - L p. ; o0,


C 1.

6e e 3 r? 3 o5
o-

il. o o o o :f. (b o ID o j'r 6 -a o 7 o llr( f a L o c) o B) 0l od 6 d c N (D o o o ID $( o o o "d 6 I a o 6:l a x c a CL = o 0) I a v


0)

:l

* g.

rT

,* s \)
(o
qJ

f,
-*_,i_ -'w

z fi
('r o5-r
m

ot

>t (t
\
.+

o 6"Q

| I 8 3 I 3S8

N u)

F
m

lt

B
o c,
;:r
U, U,

\ s
:F
qr ot

i l(3
I

r-.,

SE PS
a.

Et{d*CuAtZ

$;* * g3*'3Ss^" d d 6 o'*q g o "qlidflrqsEqg*$*e o F c w c


$,IH$gF:i= g gq
3: * n F e g:
CT qi

!n o" a ! fll( o ts g) g)
C) s)
SJ

t)r(

0r ry.

-g .!!_
0)

b
I

=
=

65

g9tr s

O)(

s.

o qn 1 $ a ID c 0)( 3
o I

r U

=
N

5'

!.

6.

=i:frggs$-*sa8f,*g

pai=oF

at o o-(a

dff5'E

o 1-r q(Q

o9

]\'

SSl,x

$x
$,
r$Oi

fi $$f

83r $s3F$ ^$$ ca d 6 dot hi rr 0, o


:.1

i*+
(D

1J
'*

g;i$ggggrggggigg
g
m

*i

;r
n
ftt

e$3ttais sH*at:tt$ c ftga$


g*Egf
rE$aE
(c'

$:lrf;

='

3 tlt

'*{lii*li'ggiga*fi$ igg$i$$gg$giggi$

x
m :9 m

gri$iilii,iiigg gIEiEHEIE$FEi$E*
o o 6 ry c

ilg'64&3*d ;a:3Er"F*il

fr
g,

"o

n
v,

tn

o nO 3 oo E o "*. E N 5',3'6.;"P fo 6' c(D : SFC Til .o) -f, 5:o c

50(D ; 3H: [- g6; <n+{ 3 ,$'$gFI sx= U dl g o= - rgr;H ooo (Do o c (';i-^ (', * s U = =';i P

Ea
=v JM

E*ilia oQ g
vr.
_4.

=F ; :';<-$) Etc;a E = !8* o,6


"-. !?.

a
D

=ii

hno o-- >

o-

dr= c)o fE -d8 il il AJ N *3 6 a


r

oo A)(

{--l

o" rtt

o iI ; o r O" It)
*J-

(/,

EEo I' *sE o,a <' O.@ gl( 0) o 9s !E8. fid= o "6: Oi$t o F5 xe tto
F:
o,-

o-

o cr- o' g og
!t
lrl
1t m 7t m

s
>
!l
o o. o
0,

to

Xo N ft)' + *' o =c ID o *5. f Or( e If hic $,il, -<I


JS) olt -'= {4. f,

='A $fiq 0, q9 o-Y I o

:l

s, Ea"=' o (D=' 6 $ o) = d* 3;fi J (/)x o. ;t g, a g'( o - gQ, a=.J :' $cf REX c a
tt

o-

o lu -'

c) a)

g$;s$H
a$$$E$$

|-

z. m

='F d: (I)=' d,o


=,E a_o :f, 0) o] ft

I a

ru

= o
E
=

3
00

= -

'u o-N ='[9H ga58'5- (rc a 8,i,6 6 o'r: d 5asEH *r<o I


o)

; il'b

F8i

l^ O

T
9.

qo ooo nc'-

o
AJ

iri tr
f- ='
g)"

ol,
-N

= ='R6, -e, fo 5o 6$
6

o 0){ '-' (t, o :'a io gao 6 *: ;,


*o
ID

J.a

Ea* ;l roo
g-$'

L-d'6 f _,p

:t. a.

llx

=('' qjG
'f! g Cr,O
o
f/,

$((')

tra

c $,
f,

.i' 6'
fr'

'q8 E6
o)s,

=. Ar, f -"'

q.
0)

Eg xtil oN* l1'O

= g
:. g

a o =

a
!
a n-

l lI3a6' b'S : fr c Aq ^ 6'<R o

338H*

+ ? $'+ f,

Ie *o= :f-o, .naG


H

occ

dQ o !,1
0)

eR C al' Ro
!{1,

(t c.

(D

='
=.

o-(' o-5 qo'

P6 I
go

0r

:*;_sH ! +1" 6- D@ 6

Xsr0 rt)O dQo $xo


0)r
Olr

;T-

41

=s 6o o

oi J(D
()i

6.$.
$c -:f

i< ot *6

- do N. :. 0J, ;
tr
q.
q

5c) t 0l( i.' Ff


a.J

q'5' I =. U'
o,
I

=ffi 3',

;
o
c)

.,8.F

sS $*$iFH$ 8s qd q
S

sH
fl* FA

5a' u, :l
YOJ

trg sg
o)

O D,-^

FflEFg n
PF;'E
g

Jni

-6

gs
q.CI'
0)

6 I a

F'

-"

;; c(D

-o lf.n.

il*

E;' 8g =

Etr cc

6si ffiq **$ 63


tD

*$q;6$g

O)t

&e

si$

dg

c)

$s3
H s* il R

?g
aE
R
6
+

*g

Tr
<5'

s
(.}t

-------->

G'
a)

ts

EF 5
.q)

tH!
t$P fr
5

s*a$H;
*d i *n O O;*-o-,
HffE'$a.3
f;

k{ (6

(.) c) o

o '' o

Cn (> (3

crl c'! -\: o dlo c> oo

$$;
3F
H

r $*e

6 R

il d

FT e\o
5l

Rl :dl

$;

q,*5stp+=$$: ' - d i* "

&_8,p8 9EE *'d

*rr** FSH+ 5 s * [s s's!l


q s g i:

E
q
T-b
.D

f a &$ 5s iiEH$*,*fig$ t _d$ s q U E I E.o R'r 9t?. il5s*:*gt q9 "r E.' g*l$sei$66;;g;ig *f ^<9:hi<=EH; o5' R oS' i$E $s 6$3 :'+ig#n flF Fs S. o- 6'lt) qrg[:
(D (nL o T'

F;E * sS Oo'r0)( or

43#:i q9. I 5
-v+\4

g.

H:.8,

gi

* * + g

tr I

m
+

r\)

E r 3 n
tn

c c'
m m z -t

::;H d
L--+f

:t

$ 0ty0t

i(DL = 3ra d gP ==

:J.

a v o p
tt
m
ao

, c

.no
(D

It
tn

F
a o

o.

o
0)

a ql ;* :' gt ; c il o 5 o o' ot n 6 o o 0t 3 <= o 4r' rg* o o d It L Ir o) gx AI o o- O{ a d N st o a 6' lJ( g C G TO th o g" (0 =. {D tD, (D f o) to a c) = aa.

.rP
DIEE 5ff p e
ig-"t(rir I\T RI (' 55Nd' N

9C S: E oa
It

ils* d-q
ESt n{i
(Dr

*t! o<. gs\l


r fi)-$ 5af{.

g
m

H
m

z
a
m

,t
!
u,

#tr

sSg,

o = E
@

A' g" $ ;+' -J

ID

= s: o
d'
I

g:$
50 -s'

1.;o ioN
S5: # 136'

0t(

CL

o
$
a

3r

s_

cf

E =, {t
J

=
,a

c 3 g E d go o a
:!

C)

6g E; 8x
:e

sd *o
EF gi'*
4D

f, 6g E 0ll cOr

o _sJ s

r P 358 *fo'
3.6,F d<E.

I3

g,g**fissEs

ooP -og
:"-

c) 0, gl(

d g, s' : o'!8.

fr

'D

-=.

a
!

g.
o,

88 (,;l
-c

gats8 n;r S*
;i

g -mc J. -. qdE
-s(o
3.
qr

EEns$gfHgtfifi1

n tl
J

p0

i\)

()

It

__;. 5

t I o
I ! {l

6. @J.

o gE E -OO

= fc)
4=.

s 3 'qE f:fiff;i$3: Il.o-9#Fo-' 6*


OlDt

Ei$1ru$i[Ffigul
-, :f
OO$XOf

o_

l0

z.

g.

3 3 N

> lfr

otl

= e
t
m

$3H5$$[+rafirFs-$rsr*:arnain

ftt

# |o m t tn I n

gffi*gg,,geg*$Hggffiig-$gtggegEi
6 N .!4"
6'
m
Olr

a
o g
fn a,

.g

c gt
c (t q
m

tr Sn s,8 = *O
()E:

qE F$ fr *, g. r s1 +EB>8sEg'5 '& o;. -"6;:''=*gFfi[ i.e 5 :Ro s-:l g. e- p_h (DE 50 .:' S fr o $ 5 i i O* $F gtr '1)c 64. {r 5' rl osr E3=HH oUqE;8s et =. il 86' = CoE'ht=' qC o, I3eg#tr -i;-; o 6' g O= il $H fr* ?l-rf1*:3. :{ rr;:qE *O x a tr f} 12-Bc P og srE s d.$ a f - = PTt s 3 F sg ,:gl g ci: S s,F E Fgqnla :' EE 8d ss q$H u) d q:I Eo =, g: e # *o s E qd bg F !+s *# lt a a * *xr$ "E d' ad .6 hfl a'U 6flx E @d Eli { 5;-S "s oo =gP q EP (r)eD $ g'E I ig "8 s & fiEr g,E d _E[ is; ot,X o oi:G 6'o-s5 9. o XE &- D fr* bo E F=. so'ff
qs od *4
UJ Ol(

P y= =5 -{E: r -s E3 , 6.S. o:l {o -, r(I 9or 869 E;;;d,;-*;S fit d" ql -9" 0oooSg99." =# s3 $ E d g S g'g grs g * .*5:S6: ggggB E{ o)4 *$ (Dai :9. J 6s. o 3 ;8 :oooHHHop of) &.8 fll 65665 ff, g' *e&fi dlf, sgge*e g.E a E 6 :IE E'pppb5.5.6"t s6 3d ll
C}

6'm FN >'' _ = $gE r^r i5tr Al*L

= 6-* n ol )"o

(D

(D

CL {D

,,,, ',8 dg

{ =.=NL

9n!6

Pa$ ggE F* 66F;XR# -'n x; {D y Y


E.-' J

irt

CJ st

*a :R
fr5

3n qr(@

oog s nI ='d 3r 9= s hg s z ffi .'!


att

IB

F o a fi

0!r gl
(D

8t_

JO

6',

S,

:J

g)r

0r. (',

ID

{$

lll(

{D

Clr

tD

_ry

*-V

,!9, c)

411

=- -t oE

I,
a

3F$ c,., o
F$ $
:oo

='d !E
6=

:t q
<T

5E

j;eF
gF
o-

-Es

1n

o s.
C} 8)

rti o5 gE
!sd
x:!

s s

JD

BE 6.'9c)
0)r

a-ff oifi dF ;., o *1


-01* 5n trlfr

S c

o=. f,.o

E
o :. q
11

O Ir)

6'

0)

-(,

!9.

Qn-

gt

I
!

m fn

a m

i r
!
! !

o ln
;ll z

n
o
E

la
m
At I ft

e g

-L ff )s\-J L(D=

|:IU:

fl
c

ry l\)' (n :,6 sr 3 : :J4n S >o- {Ba 0)(


g)(

c:g
n\1 =O

<h c)R F !:-tr p *4"qa cJ"tl) a,Q 0) odru s OC .x6 TJ I?! n). H. <n6': H:.f) =: (D 6e. J!. 33 Q* R -i+ *. d'- o- sl) 3 -f/} 6i a' ;o ptr, dR= 8F 6- f,:* ii \u o ,fr' x5 o :so" CD |)(*

f,

f
r0l
,

U' a!:

i:
-'l

U $(e
I

s Ead iv
J;'(u +!9:

! -tr2 5E o
X
+:--,

f t]-

z
:].
f)

{l

-,3

a" 0) qX<n {e.

L nrq

lli

qt(

{D

0 -tl $ @a
{D

: ;iq
11!

*:u

=)( S
R

a' oh' c *$l


= ID{
=?

v(/)

d5
:1 !$

AR

a
!J :i'

5f, g)H
&:1 ID

-{5 frq ;0)

g)
.l;i

Tt

;i .",f : -5 =-=
Jn-,

$ 4N T' O( (o ft*) {}5 -R g oO 3 :A'

gr

;t

s. tD

{D(: q ((]:
o!

3
L

gq

!s

UI

o)

r(}

4
$ F"

oqd o =.oq oJqL!S'= frhi Slnsi E o 6'd c}C c,lI t'-|. N fi:l (:$ = rl-U) g :+d R TIH : "-Ed fti * r$( i:o 0)- *' i{n *> sk(t = c (D:</l of R- J if 'rr *Y EEC" L :@o lrJ.
a-

=:{

a d <d =: g in' " oF fi*o -qr (D "0). ro tr q. o= {Dq !l'io -' = ilo c # a @ = U= -t ^i tr 5 o *E lg Isi'o =- 6 =q_ ol
S)n N. ni pr-

so

3 'tt

i itg' ss. q:H 'i5' ii goee R


f
I

,,3 =-J0,

E m

s
{

*
..'

3t m

z.
m a m

= .
a C
c,

=9$ z_(u fr z E::,s. fi Z7'

I ;;- ru !u 'a!::ra:f s)

o
B il

$s]

-*ai 5ai{j
J-a

<baq lott'

([|

;l 3

(>c * :J q =
-,i'ki or tou

-^Is-o ,o9E9e

6 6 ;' A +
-

lgp!'i=' f c)lf,

frst

fl){

U
J

:)

_f,.

co

g '.' g g t-,
o
X
b,

: il rI, z
il
F 7 g.
o|(

!,t

tra
tu o.4
(!) 5FJ

tr U'

*. c],
.:1 _-.

nr*r='=:C x !i -*l P

tl)

=i= ='F-*

: :

]:r a!

:r C1

{D

N.3 g.c
"Sr

--: ,r4+ ! tra

n.--ild

!.1 :hi v=

o-

.
:l

Oni

.' =- )

&
o

UJ

n{O Aedi ';'4


>

o)

az

7'LJ ?'j

- *ed * =e 5I'a :Y ,:a 44 n\. -'-'


t9
ID

\u =' H oJ'=

-i !J nr lI! r o mP 9Ro o)xo)


L-s -x

-(.)i,i Y.rli ?.j)9)

o
E

a
C)

fi *"1

6; s;I\)
|

is-

'rn

17(O

nFJ

r>R

(u

(D

s'H
5',6

5c) -ed
tv

'Tl
lu

o\ --

s (D

tp g

fi*ufl*F*s-f, .3u

* xE cg-*g*ggf,g**gB-g'$*
ffi
n > r
5 ft
|n

gggg$$gg'sg$fl$$g$ig,*Fe*ra*e*l;re*+ flg $Fs$r{ [E

g $ffi$$$ $Fg$gfFE$HE$$fif

! r

rgggrgraggfiggrgggfi$ggnggrgggg$gr

6 m a *' n

$;$$*g$*$$+in-*$$Fi$n$g*'FFfi*-l aBF$rg*rg=gg;$FFE$F$FEa*$fi

s r
a

c
E
ftt

s-a E .
n $$

EsEBdff $f;_Eaifi,$FH_Ea_*$_$43_[
$

[ sr

-fi*l$a

fi

g$fi a* flfi

g gEFgfig
s
H

s 3 { D 7 m z nl l'r
m m

f,

$HEs rF f,$EEFfi

o B o

$H-$$#fr$fr s$$FsF**ar$ frHH$aFgfrf,[

$EEFaE$Ea[gFfiq$$[$i$H*ggfi$*$E$*EiEI

Fe[gngg[fi[+gigg$EEgr=***sssg**ggs

gafigr,gg*glgailgEEgilggggl$g$g*gg
4b

(, oifi s q" =iq 5dq* F q.' 6 R E. A,# x gp9 -Y'q0 ,C, E E F TI.H G r.n ua-{p oo) $ i. l4E nr (,A tu B' o R 5 -o F6- E g $e0oiu,*E o. 6 ;i' 5o F = c j * q.6' qafr. Ag P X 3,$oSltg ? EI FE -i m t { *!N h )'f,) qE'E 5' P 6'-q6;qg: o' f{D c ili-o c xo* N a Ho (D # e H&f;, E 0)
{D

o c3. NI $ =; tr UIF d llr( a :J f,i x !J. E<0HarLnqaQr o +C= ^ o fr= &,fts g 6' E xd' "'l i';+ o il. Y,A v. E H *" trf i!*6 E * o $: f, d, U, *t! o .=< s il' <tr N d:p s fi, rf ql(

nr *4. o

$ eq, a =$ I o-c nl- rn A n st :l 's,T E',q 0)r g id"E a * (, ofi r\| rr fi" (D ci o (D (ot;1} ='r- p' :l
(,)
CJ

c Nq 5 U'

g i,a
Ar

---^5

d3 (o n)
YO

Q)

\u .l trl

() aol

gtrE # $ Fg,grsl t P ii'E d*l 3 i dAf;'1'*=fi& gdF' H$ f.*x * 3 atlBSqH *'i='S' Yn :e N.i* dft5 3 l;'H: 9p-' d # $iFHHi'3. *;$qg > *fr4'x id E Hfig5ilg{ g 3r.,*;"' 3*rr = * s9 il c Hs$ sfi''Y 5 6 irF<,9;3H # qiqE_ __(Jtu H'

F ff3s 6g#s. gi; sFry5 rtFg 3. 35a: il:F*P


$ ID H.
la ra ;-1. -J

(DTl

BE

9E5 e"6 Stini*, s,d L Je 6'' =i:. * ; S,i 3 * H I AH

5d* 5*'

tD q'(O

x o N.

O =

+ ; E s F q $ fr. fl,fi e.&*'#.fti-* 5 s,+Fe


P

PE, d ilfi-; E+E*dgiila{ g*e-

:d =' YEs

r$$Htgg H$$,

qro)cr) E H(fr o

?g t"s

(Di:o gSftEEeo qxpr F6iil, s fi fi ;6 o St' tr 8 dda;

rr-

c)

q#g

F8359 6o4 efr'af ao;+


=.\r tnJ J i

{/}!r-

ti-.

g
:f
m
ai'l

id

e g'*5

6
il

Rg *g Y6 oti
dYl ;:t

Slt

rrr' H0)P' + = 5 fr=S $*-g s [f,s33=,ff 5#FH; 9CIx' g:E q d$q ro-, E*n3*r= Hs?59 * lam A 5,d;&Ea* :, ro 5o-Q5-a qSE gd' S 6_ X'Ia.-=aHI 5Xff,;'g Eqe qVo) * d P$o 6'. s ilQ. d , sQei f,],H 3 sg P i I..- !'B * $ I'$;.s39'H FH=.n.- I8st E-= i. ii= i e= g FE$,+s$ ffH'9tr aa d+,
.'':-1
_(D(..,
te-=

ul'iJ BB;s=gI E di3*= As)OJ $'m F' ?eF5g srcoZ $*e qqg = 6+34"roo$ -crrGs'rc Ilo :gE+p ({,-o
o(J 0 1

:1.

.5
m
.D

='

r 6
!

tn m

e i
n F

$' ot

gr.

;+"-r
OrJ

cr m
(r:

3 0

- :- g]' a:-i

=-

OCD(D

h
m

g(] 5+N J(D J Pf N- r)-n - n1 $! cs[J.;0.6= a Nd 6- =6 d c;l?s"E=aq U' X:oI gds - (/, =l{'=.+H'X ='() o !4$(D :: :l 6 FhSe -N. fD =;ix.)$xY 68A :o 4'o O F fi q P H ; 99 = so^a '{lo L:ll S). o(} i$ = c F${$ F' ii- F fil {! F+ 91 ol '=l: tO wNa =A rii; O n\ s:tri tr !!: o o) E $E g 1H iri ; N. Hd 6-= *O : 9n = =-*-. $.: o; ffi c .Q{o =. 3 $ H g, *< (I OU ni !J:Y ]5 --,^ ='r= (u ^. 5 F E -.. lJ_ c Sa vrs f. FiN '" o Cz$ u Q = Nn E Q !c! q 5 tr $ <c o 4R r:i +. 45FaaflH glfO =q,; ht-- ry H g'" !'qri o Pac I $*-e f f, c0' d ,r;, ,t+ U' F'{(c| E=6H*Ar* -= :J !:i =d, dct 3H g Fqq'# (h tp. *' 0) J o==;ci. -frl a roH *0 6 it 0r Ha&9H*;n :.. r] o, :t O. -' s), # Lj :i-o dsE!d6s 6'-si!, Xi ? q'" $, a :, Jo :. ll P R cn$ F H 6iE o x:a: a HEi* $#5 f o li.i c i = tU {n N. -_r 3E; d.ts = HssEgsfi.F -Nc 'i:l Hg !* nr o P -E = P.o H .iE :l !gHsr FS = sN 3-F&fr ;eP 0 Ynl5 _ttc A(c ; d,5 s *E '',q -r5 o- X Et' -.- ='{e hj.; F g l-: 6,c ';l q)( J o a e^s<>ro*9H d'# =. = si ti JXCL
be

g'F+

8#EE3=
p g *.-+ J.

-!E -fg
$ J

:<
rI = s

C= OFct e n- f
O)(
<t

agSag!*
j

S3'oS
H H'$ ru=An-

=X

jd

eg;

SPiii{E I E; Pi6'
d9#ri
<lr

A'

7 m
m

q&rd= q

o
Ch

a1

g!i,=

N
o

1f1

O)(

$ Frffi F "*'6 I i' p 6' \. i'=. :r EoE+!q. Os)XAO n:4vil'99oor

H$d:F

s;

(D

:C'c

+PP.
*x;i

=;: =i@
-i

*=

$ FE g fiS+* n ff : a * tr 8FE at,6 =r: Seii*oPL'b e*F 6'6'= flR.g lt- -- ),i e 9s 3 d: i g5. or - ii X 3 :t'o t 3t) o6-6-Ep.5$Q =.=
6

q8

<:Y=:a riaoQ a,s 9 iD


*rr
CI

;saFiilfi*:

=ur

^'=

cD

qe
,:|:
_!?

^ti

U1

oa ,O N) l$N Nf s 6Dtr U)
aln
IL I

F
U)

d"

:]U 0: Ol'
L{

RX c)5
Xi,H

c)

a
FJ

:' ?. OH

(o {t)

6tr
il

qFs+$a : Eg trg)
$)r

=g'*d,gfil I q =H F; q
F-B

TFEEF =*338, s I e lie

:I

A1'R

9;

fi+ a E'
{D

Cni (J=i
bi.

o_

FepSd #B g*Ctsoff

5&=89
qad'$
+-c 7 ts Lc !.j.
0l

EfiE"eS do +1" &"e * -*,i


(D
.0S.

5'

; *,"#F FH

o o

(rI

(4 !l fi-< c (n 6 dic/, o J$ o 6* n 3 a-, a \q ro(l (I) T: H (D =. C 8!( o-* q {D a N.\ n) 5 :l 5 5


g

fi'

EY

- q;

ot
ol :*
UI

a;

n-i

O a QA 6 J. Sl a 0, 3!(D o -- (A .p, c tu

H/138 tr oo 5+L
.ha

.- 5.9 6
:os Q(D g?

ovf -6nr =. -n

**a;Hffi5*sa:' Bqs*
H,6ns

"38F-,il3,$a*ggfiF_

d* =it
='o-

Al, c)

U a

afi r" -t5


%c

** il a q. -o 96 o c X=*
6"6
!'J

sl

= a rrl

Bi<

d' fii'
Q)r
Q1

8e
or tll.

f, {D glr
9..

J a)< (1=1{ = t+u, =.

g - 6:r(q xo
qo o

oE=:

o)

- h 6
o = 5 !)

c
s)

"-l (n-- -' 5d : : = ).io (t, ocn

=i''

*'

s.
-!*

(D

o 3 g, a g t\ Ci :].
(n

soi' Ri. ro= 6P


-.+ iii!'o =' +^
rh ::' :c; (D Ad
O)(

vl

3 0) *(D ;: x b. <. X u n U
a

*9 xli

ro =

Bl<

c o

5' r $) N=.C)( N gH gt 5' =tsix' cn $ - 0){ ^, a -' u, "=e; o (, Qa E (Da) U$g q =. ID g -' = U ir = F C U a ? PE o-at g.o O ='ffi. r u) 5 c ; )ri =. q)( i;+ c R j .: += = ,3 .&. = ---,

X:1

I'

(D

!r_

**igFqqq$fi s g'$ps$He gft[Ff, $a B:fr;H,ffF q ** $ fi 3 H s = Fa[e $b il$fiS;i.H, - tr0 P s R5 ssnsEqa *+$Hes !o FqgF* E $ f FE g F esx4fi B: #i;x3s& H;lH# nR- il3Fiil;I s*q$Ht o"]c q$re:rt E d"6'1 Os 0d e$E$F f,F SP.ESHT q+ aV t=$Eg :'A Ea$q$HH tq*g*$ ==,=:oPi =. =r:-_ = = i=8 =,- =--=.-==
m*T

a*g*s$*c5$g*gnHs Fia*F6s&nqfa+$R ta*

EAft#F*fi sq; AQesl ff*'o6tog6-

REAFTgH +,fi a aHi r q F il -E E p

Q-uenilt

='(, +gP Xo:{cr)

(,

(o

g
E

a !, r trl
B
rn

lf

tr

.J m

a {
!

o
at
fi

ln

a :f. 91 ON _d u fi}( o s. g' -$ {n U o C- ;t f, 0r :a (r) X F o u, qt <Jl. o


{v
{n
{D

-.Q o)L *(o $' o- o) a

C}
3!

g N qt g,
f

-^ b Li.j fr= | , FEi g a6 E

t_ c 3 Uq oc

o
T

(D .A

9..

.o
(A

g)

o a sl
o,

a
(D

l.l o'i

att

sZ:r/,
Vla

c
g)

-Pl. g

a7 $a o !a gj 3 or{ 0) uta : oE) gt -{

;a' gl(

(D

=: d,
O

&

g gE.iD "ffid J c Ho $ n)
*, \ / J{t *c X :4f
=+

HS' g$5q3 1{P

8s Fg$$H ='F

:3 C

q) nt

r ?.6 g 3 llrt
=
1'

oF

ol(

=.
f

3 crr g, l\) e' c(D

;'

39:s-t'i,

X. aC) = =(D

E H, =.

s, o

sd56it' f fr."o,

fr FE ?

s
q

rr

E :3 6

l (g 6', :t g. g g){ c (,, x C N 0) e tr e o s' .*, = 'a o C) .l'i o 3 g. (D g) c 3 s) SJ or s] c!' s


a"!

5.

=sF $ggg;E[* ; E tE*$$.Fn ^6


0)

+.

HT

Eg

$ C

=. o

a,

-(' il: s" G o 3. 5 o- S" f. a 'a ry. s) o) 3 s's o lo - p. 3 u ru g!{ a tD" o a o6 3 ( (o (o 5. !, g) $o c n d ;; E= o {D

uQ {=o)

f, 6' 3 g)

ot

r
o
trt

99<o-Eq ^o 3 FE 3 F 1 0 N'o FE S g$xoa


{D

Ftr,$ ('X.

s N
u

gJ(

{I c = {t tU -* 5 o v a, 3 c
G, :l
AJ

c)

o 6- $ -a f$
LD

u)

tlt

(?

o
=

F,
(D

g)
_o

3 f

a qt

5
U

*eifg;ira *qg"fl.s* $'= 5 g;*FF[g xI g


H

a F$

fi? 3
m

s
r

*F
s

tn m n m

o
1A

t
I

:
t\

6
o)

ded9il

g+
b,q n(D

g.

o f, tg)

{D

o E
g

(t,

sgF E$
:,

f,$'
A' =.

6:c

u)
(tt

Hg d-

=!P N O

fi.d 6.8 q!

e tn ri ='

t + i= =' E co s N. = :f. N, - s 5 $ 3 f, {, (D o,<

5 .{h o
o)

C
(u

o- o s
0l
q).
g

= s. qU
t

\9

&&E

frgg; Fg
gcmn

-IU4

.sE='8 F,F, F3

*d tr$ Er

I'! HF

*$

F
$
x

ro ('l

(9
91

ggg$ecug=r+-fig$$Eun,$,r;$$F*[rrEF

gilflgli.sE

gl*iigggggglssagggrEggglg*rgl s
tg$$
Efl

= ra
r m
6 m

tF

HilflgFaF
EgFE$

{
r
6
m m z -l

'3.3H" H o)(O
o),

i$*lEgfi$flFg$Hqgrn+ggg{5ie q*n=df*H'
A 5ft

fir= E$;
o

t$$***B$e sFH !l g ? ei;ile e.


FI

g}

ffig'

E
m

d Orl Q -'= qJ4

r =fi&
5.

a O
$
IU

gJ

5dqs6 q.ffg F
ffo-dd' {L-.9
n!vvf,tt

*H c .u n

cl ot
a-

-D f U} T F,F g. fli tv -\, s)


(D

s:+
r' = Qo

x. :$ (o o U

HHSS Itruo=' *-r R ry - s? )-+


x- (u ) /-) ClJrn:F a^A*

66
ifol^ $i rf (Df, tnL {0

$x
{D

&)

f, q,
5
-a

{ q
<b

Li

o =.

c g)
a

!l

* iIo ;t+

fitrF9 X +31 tr
oSEP *"

,od 4n
nlr ui
o)

So

:.
s"

6 g
B

rD !) o ::. (}

6 ?#,

f)T ::< o (D qs- t-:q a {tt a -T 3 Qr &l =ti r 13 tu :f. (sQ EOQ I Yd" -. aiJ< 3 -1, (,) $J. str E gg: LY! {)" ;i =.= x 6 ds) 6 - Q $( to 5F d.-* t9, ftt l) !)r $ 0) :I.! qtF I o f) uni C t0 5'
*q
N
TD

o= {/r L o a f

o 'r5

il d-o c cr$ il {a o gt* A $e ql

{t
C

o,

rq = t

x,
:l

m
ITI

o >

$. st
Ol<

6-11

a e s) g g

trt

mo) (ni

l, c
:f
hi g f

0x

gs
(D0)
1^':] ;Q.

g.
a
(D

ilr 6 (o o)
a-A

nJ

s+F

*oX.6' i
E O.+ ilJ ;sr O geE.

ln i< St Lnt =1, 00 qlL

a-*

*G-

4
{D

-=. o

i\i,

tn

N'
c)

?1

.<

da*F g* i g
Oo)
/'1 {

xo

tp

Hs. il,s "ffi i;

'-

tl $
a

3.

.u tr p:l (D

c 6 g
;J
sr

ffit X':.o f} 3' v: 6 q{l $(8 :f,


eS
Yit ':L tl,

orS
)j tll:

6'
J
ts;{

n
-.{

!0i

x. tn
S)(

c
CI

F'

il

PE iTo

;!

ql

<r' f 6 t^fr (t vx o 5pr s fiq e ;+d. =' .gn


-

-X Vs

s
[!](

()
c)

SJ.

3 3
a
t-.'

o
a'1

o *'A);

i rF *.p
J+*

,l- o" + o_ LOI

:5.

nrs a
=
:t K $

c.

.(] U T (DJ :3 (u iil a 3. cL Orn


[t]1 g)<

r -ID * 5 -'rt/) +-g F: s :J o q6s C6


=
int

nEs s&=
;lojQ

c FI
{D

(, g s) g

;*

s s d
s'

-o A) +*

osi *. n1l rf (') s- 0)


o.

xa

il
(/)
(D

n
S0t

(}
S.

d 0 o
TD

-'9" f(D qid

a9 5o E(0
qt

vt
&1r

g :'* 3 id'?t fr xH

ry.

6
L

d .;,
T

6 r (px r sb' L]:


x
(D

A" -*iE oit

a q

a
$l

i\) = ;1
I

+t

^;: !JN
r-+

o t) ES tr r :JO a !g 0l(
!]

E!D
$t

q)

sfi
LN

x (Ii tul f,

(p

d;

$9) d' ilo


u1

n)(

i$g

-gf H(Dg ii g-q F(3


oJr}

cf. I {I 5 +: g 6 (Dfs {/, _$ -!P* H'E x - U xd !lx a c 1 ni$ c o ii (D Xq []' lC)*lll CL q a 1

Oc {/r {-i

il= :J o) g6
-9,

aa

o=,
3Cf, .)f,
f: IDi

s,8
og) r-

f5

'(]

c
f,

d It o

-o <1
frtn

$l
OJ

$8i oo

(9

r $gHt F HarB

gt
F

ggga gggg r *ggg

ggi*

rgfii

6ggEHgF'a[ *Elg.g1

Ffi**sg$ ru$*s $E$$$[$$fl*EHg

3
t
trl
m 5

ga-ffi$lEFfig

r
r

F$$E,Hf,*g$aE eE

r** g*[
@ a
s) N 02

g$ a* e* sagsg a*afi
Eg *[
I

[[E

-.{

g* gsl

-{ !
IA rn

t$ ag$a$
(D

gag*
arS
$)
(D

[g r *a gF
g.
d;-

D
m

c o

f-c

(t
;f.

*6
ca,

;i' c)
o)

s
:J
{t)

:f
tx_
(D

Olr tD(

o6
u-

(tr

II) l\{

r s
n

^a Ctr 0) c a ln (} un\ $ o =. = $)n 0J{ T {: OF il r\u *((f, i. fi = a o o; g. =' c" o 6' iD O J o --c !r'

H*
TD

s)

T) c)

gl{

N c {a +C) c a I il, (u;nr

fi =: 3c = g'6C

U.

,!).

=' -ri
[)(

ir)

o * :. - (a s)
{D

.F

:I

i; a

xq)

N & F' J
TT

il -= _a
NN

#s n g(D= 3 L_Y.,+ g. $c g- (!6* =l -.i


=E

P 5r) "If tFn n a.

3 $ da" ='n) (Druo 5 LJ o:j-& n : (D 9ffo o ooQ q c o) {p ff*l* p:


$)

'al

o a

q . q. 3
g.
f,t
ID
TD

o-

a
-f

o
-1 u, (D ^fJ (0L

Ut

{D

qx!+ \u\v-

{D -o)

4. o s)
N
tu

g, o_= F =r {F | | 6' :o 6< lCI d 3ff 0)> o-.9 \ g-tno dH;=810]6 :J oH a :" o.to a) ui 5r,-::qrG$ r frl c F'tr !D a F n P';i'tR' + il i, E',e X : h' o! 6 E 6'= g! q"=.L 5.;ts

-'= Nq'

=p-

l>
m

|-

= {
m

CD

6
afi3 ='ql --f

FO)

o
N

d f 5e ${!,t il.ER.E z FX s, ry -,i.SdP il 6E - ]o ro

v o
il

FT

ql(

a g 0

;'

{n

S(

:aN (l

o
ID

(o 0!

g
Sl{

B)

o
c) (Il

a $

g. f. tr
(n

ct

a]

:3 t)

;
:l

g
{t)

$
ft\
(.0

3 1l gl
S{

0l {, o $ {D

9'n: - Il'J p3 p E.*.o dE 5', .)rn ]" d


+=
h-'

H6

(D6 <o =
L a w

d q8 d
9q,
on'

r/ I

= x. ti. o c a

p o

F}(

d*
J5.
-!

Pitr bi6,

$o) t\t o

{D tr?

=.

='$ fi rl !f. * E'


E'

n q.
f

:. ::

o
n1

01

cl

:. A)
'0 "

o
a

= N.
tr) o)

'n

a d
6

rE
c,

6 (0
:!.

g lil (.m
{r.)

!::

o6xg.o
{- o1 fLo slfi

$ nD H d' ::. \"/ jq rC :'


0)

qqii ptri
p,o =ct i$

c :3.
:1
a!
iFf

-o:JC =' 3 5: J g). c G] *


q)

{ c

!r t(D
c vx.
$iD c. -a

{D_

fri 6 *trF E 6 ryfi5 :; ; a"fi { -- 6- d, I ar 4q sJ' Q q=, 3 N fit l) = o' F36-E d qoil* "A q s, 6 :trE ,* s- X. ='t l,o: d EqH, 6' d 6'o * a" &. c ry Edhi =' 'o T (0 ii. {Ir *' =i ;BP
,a-$:n
41
4n
o)

,, C

L--

\<A

c
o a

cr

fg

,N

(D6' -ct d' 6" 3

d'a F qs: H

oF*

5'$t o

n1 fi

g)

Li\

=. *; o dj sr gf tsc
o $c*
$i.

fn a

g).

N.h

rt
6^

S)(

d, -;iG 5 u

sfrE * F'tu
i'

CL '?1

$ N( u

al oq)
*(D

!,
g:

= LML {D

x
(o
"$t
A) A)(

Ill *

(? F

il

o 0

a
A)

Etr 6A

0),

^i

nrd

oc o] g)

'6 ^ ;! B!(5.'
hJ

E* di

c-

d $.Bl 5A=to

o. ;; o cc

9*1
Hs. tr^

s#H P5o

c <ri tn < N.E

;g-, o(}):)

cl o = 8FS Ncog6 fJv*vt

0,

-P'-

aR

:ic(fhi-

6 si,X :'E e SE" d p

e*qri diEi+!
= HJOfi)o

a6'q=F f O (4-*.
"$3FE+
0QcNdi,== g r fAr^,

a diil

qH

* x E +i =
q s,3 3H 3='ii oi o)
VJJ-

#-x

> g
il H

aE:H$$,

Effi*5& d 5',6' a
ac':iJ5

1l
m

RE Eg id. =nt q"q

a {
n

*$ q
o-

?i-'

pF

a (t
a

fr'I
FR 6p!

m
{rr

E
l?i

C'

Itl g. p. -r:i (cl-c g)

o :f

a.
ID

C WU

$'* * tr s #r 3.ir'bi
0 tl, tr

5 $'tr

Scroo !d.g q, o* o qdrb = o*N :


Ch

d5.a s :i$eo ql -;F9. Qr5


o'<

.m :* *

-co j;3 t f -:= I i=c x8* F $ 3-=*ur e 3ro Fq t iE s= qg * o:l


a l
D
,i*

oxf < =gF I =Y eEg

F # $$gfiE$ FHgd88 F3 6 5 $f$6' 4 oQr I" ? q 5 $H$$i g g eF3gfi ? e [ 6Fgz-= g E s4HrP

i E

s
F

r( :T

*ugi$F* q E;;'
O) :I .:a 6i

aE $

l< l:-

.5 ;JR;ri6ffi r\, ;:*#$F

FEesqs cooo.dd

q$Ftr$*

ls
IE tm

In IF if,
tfl

(,

$g$$$.6$fi $$$$F$ 6s9H='d il F R +-o d F q F=n$fg, gggFF$ g g E BgfiFh,g s


g,s-aSHF
E

F o T ,ll

> tl

z
o a1 a,
fn

iiHag5$ E $ FE$i$$ 9e!. dqB e -3, EHg fr FFEFg fr$.q, sd=;s FFgEFI =,8 gng Y $'8"ft8

i 25
o
X

U,

('
4
m

t ffiffi!r

$fri

s'ffi

"g

a H.#g sEq* a &=3.q $ E,** E


o)
ffi q
.19.

3HHgEI

tr

=qfr s

* ss
5

E
m

(}

5 o 0),
o o
a
0){

!l
AI

c^o.
'-) '\)

C 1

o
=:

o*,
t!

o o

6-o
JM

! 6
o

0)r :

c
.-)

o o
=.
o,

'\)

'\)

.\)

(u

o o

fi,Fp
=YU

Nca
o-l '-@-^
_F

3trN,3 o:1

Oar xA'

(/)a\

=uB9 b'" 9; e^ H g
^^L

,^-Jm

==

^= x:+ --' :^
A-

-Y C:a

:' \/ ;.<
o.
0)(
>+

ci

.{N :Fp^ x;i !\v


>::

U
f

o
;ir <o

ci 'frnn\=-6'
','

O X-ra

g
o

<'91 m
_a

>$ l.
=A

3q O=:

g.9
E

??6
q ='g ff UXU(h =r-=H-_e
-'i.61 n-f*f

='_
-'T'

6o.

I
F

tn

m o
N.
(D

-aglH t sg ;e6-baff,:tr

< lD( O 3

+nnl

sq.(D
N' ^ =

6m

>i' -tl

;;*"dsFa 3 6 c- o * *
O c: X Crn O
LPNIUAJ

0)

oo0)
-a'rj .tvJ

,'uoA{ 'TD(/)OY \r
t^\

o 6=<rQ
^i

(o-n rJ>-' ol9 a--j

a I

-g;iu:CO;)l

-,:l'^$"-

3ilqH oJ ^- D o

n 3* 6'5 6 *D
^

Xi O= $( J 0) (D_
H

*!:+ |r')7C.
(D:f.L

2.9*

r :\
c!)

+OQ O -!:r:
(u-+Jn

r m 3 fn t
f}
fn
ro

^ O

X
fh

r)

ci or f;F (u+.^ o-6 -*


-c C)
O)(

rll

rn

'r

eS ffdef ]. YOYY'

^ 9l.f
_>^r

-Y(U+ or,o 9.Q +-{

rt: o_!
:f, .| -::

'-\u$v

*+6
fiL a--

F-g i\t Aii=

--J 7i'

:i

?
_(u

a)

13

o 3

2 f, c ?

6-

d s
o -*

o o c gt n
o c E'
lrt

:l -'" o

(r^

il o of. ; o-oc

:'c ^C)

(']

r [Es
ilH$S gfi e$
aJ_.\

$s* $Eg8tr
U 3 o -rn<'5t f,

FFHA^

t< l:tg t>,


tm

IF l> lr rm
(t

$$Fa$ ggE H

D t' D 8
lt

idg$
ar g$ 'gE$i
-Eilild

frf$$ $*s $ f; * $$ c$$s s;3 $ - cQ


* c e.i(o 6 fr$ *.F A ft
I

ll fi

T
o

z 7 c

(t

o
tt

SdQo T6e

o-Ng

i r:'3
EE

*FA$

FeH:'93;

s$$ E o.c(E e
c:-cq,

*oo

E$$1
s

fi$g

E S-F E.sx5 F 9t o (Dc-l

$;

sEd"o

* i$E

ig$F,iflF$g$$$*gi

e t,

t
g

* rs$

gfi
3
F It |g
m
tn

tn

D r
IR

= n c

g$g$ggg*g*g$g*$Eggg$$ggr*gg$g$$

! 7

c,
g,

t, o m

3
tn

(./l

E.= =-'O ' <n, <o c q, tD' :l oH6 .t, ts s ol o c o o u0- co = N o J () st 8o g o 0)r I o {lt = d n o c, --o a 85 n a F (D sl
E.H
6:

p.

F N d o :l o o o

rsEr

o-

o(i s)
5'st

-if"

od o=
8..

t r$$ rfi =N o(o f, E o il $E3i ; g :: 3, o :l '* g $ o :, g a E E $,fi$ Il rt tf; $ f t(D o - H *3:. o


XJ
'-'1 @ t{'l

o llr CL v, aQ o o $o 'rS rh o cJ? ) o - o c E= o =. oH: c)

\
I
Tr {E'
I I

q n
fr
F r
m

o $ f $ .i o 9. :* N.
v,
o) q d

ql

\1

s
s t! \cl
$.

D
m

o at

z q

0)

lt,t

3 t$

E.

ae e5
-F3
!]-

; s) g3

o 6' g'

s.a on g^ =f,

ill

o) o a a. e c J o Ol c

ot il o {/f n f: c il
",1

=. N go o o. gl o D cr J
o)

{D

$s$$
&t

#H 6c c qt ao ar {r} EX

0l 0) "a* (t) art llt(

s)
(D

? *t
a m
c'
l

o t'

o9
Q

6'? o
:5
-F'.

3'

N
'D

$
$
{D

:3

S,

CA

{D

llx E*e

gs TI q, o
(D

q
m

uf,$;' sF 3 ix G g. o c o g*$,il E8 e g != 6aq o t_f. 5 8=* s 3 e o !:i u, I E 6' o 1) t B,# 8n I3 o. E :. Hs


g. =' o
a

* 11
a

(o

n)

()
o)
(Dt

q$

N g 'a qt

a !) ct a r'

S(

: F \ a
q'
c)

Ut {D

..|

o 0, o o a

gt g)(

g1

q*

5!

aaLJ F*LI/

*\ r>
$

o o o

rf:

O)

c) gn

\
tI
I I

t4 c)

3'9.6"
#J.F

-gY
=$ Edt
v*
iL

$#

ct (tt

ul

ag o.=
*.

6-u
d_

St s

gggfiE*aE*

+\

3 s
_

siltail s frgg$5f$Ea;$
giEg3 $a E;
(4

ggH 4s

ffi *

s \ q

ort i6 O{D 99 3 OO I at, n m dE a 8a f-i -{ nl 9o = +6 il l;0 n -.- ln 1t (n_ m o:t g ud r OID c oc !F IDF
L1 J.\y .e a*

N='

,s
r'l
,\J q

fiio pd xo 6.o 1*t


tD:l

olt vl

o o dt a c

c'

c'
m

qEE:f

39 5
:q'

\6

u6-H=

gsH gflgfr
=E
g

i 3
4 D
fl!
n!
tn

eu,

fiF F'I 'tI o*


lU(

gH$E f;3gF$fl;'gF:

a5frA

o6' E^ to co Uc> oo s'


E=i' $0\

flFEe
5fi * a
-*;

dd A)i v
-N

(o
qJ

Efi#$ {Esg*rF$*
af

+grigt

(t 0 ct

z a c
-{

,n

tq os
=-Y dd

=(o

trq
a]

uf
=9, ii= +T x= f=

O) $. =r$ o
ttt

d,

\\

flEF.T {a+-"o g L$ I J:o-r O oP= +\l.C


F H'*
='<

f$frgsFisfl$g $ r $,s'
-A
-ID'

r {}

T
tr c

(tt

tfi

;r
m

c o

Fd

\.\ = es

F33gEf$grgs o g$s$gEr*F{k

ge,

.T EE
Eu

r!

=r f!

qH.e {

I {

*osd 8e

,g*

=.

$ggfl'FH$f$H

o \|

sFFeq*'*:g:$.fl sfi ,g$E n ims.flE*flEEE$$*fi$$&$g


*E[flE$g*g$$,$E$,

ae$fi * _s=3=fr_p*

*nsFfig FiBga$*

(t

IF

g$g$ilngrFIsE
3 D
m

v
F
tn

:l m

c o
m
llt

r
!

;o

o tt c o tn

eeEa'F$g*Ei$**$g**fi$ggg$H$fi$ggg
t o
C)

at,

g
tn

nt

3 OT ! o
t

F (tt

Nt${o tndNSmB

{1.

6:t

ox E h'f.

dc 0,R

0! fi

Fo gfH$$F$a
-q

o9i'$ =o oct

wH5' gEees$$m o ilH N=

sxE lrt ii N ='C. 3H$.gsfl .FiO ii o-'t d A- E. 6Y, -F$#$$


$

m*

l.m n,x
Q

0F

tF,,eE"
$ $ aE $ fi

I E **&.,r.balN.)4 Ffra; t

$ #g $ B4 F$ :i EE -5 g

t< = lta lm

(,}.

Ir

g,

ID tDt lE D o o o IA

ot

3 U tr o N' lf; o Itt Irn


]t

H6''a'nqAdA

rA

NS

5H. AL
Q{/}

3F NT
.'o

5Ug # 3-qQS', -tr c, fi rl+ ."t "'


(Jl
tl

I\)

Es
Eci
0=

o)

IL

e \

<o

g U) c -g m x w
N
ol
C}

o a o

CL

3E
E

-'sqg*, ge*d' o =Eililso ssFn, .59- 6 gs:';8 e8 F$efl$ gfrgg$' E 3' H$$a A$ $

$$Fga

$eF$$$$g$F$E$$g$ #q;ssi 8q"8; Eo,gF

tn z F c

*r5+ HEai r*A$sg FF.$:g fi';A.s

.D

g
(f D
tn

nt

sel
E

F
! !

s)

f,

8i-g'

ea qs g

F' rf,

F ;F * d Fd i6 H.+ e +, fq * AE

a-a *u 5E $ FF *fi[
3

5:

o (!

g
a m
m

&

3 n

fn

rl

T 2
m

u g
! F

o c' c o m

t, c g
|lt

Tip

Tipul inveligului

Poziliide sudare Natura curentului


Tp Tn Tp
Tp

t
14

Observafii Tgurd pu{ind

tn D |. m
m

XX XX

1O 11

C+sNa C+sK T+sNa

c.c.+ c.a. $r c.Q.* c.a. $r c.c.c.a., c.c.+ gi c.c.c.a., c.c.+ $t c.c.-

Zgura pu{ina
Special pentru suduride colt

xx12
XX 13 XX 14 XX 15
XX

XX 18 XX 20
XX 24

T+sK T+PF B-LH+sNa B-Ll-l +sK B-LH+sK+pF'


T+PF' A+PF'

D o v, t fn
g

Tn 'r Tn 'r Tn
in

z ! F
(
trl

c.a.s c.c.+
c.a. 9r c.c."tc.a $ c.c.c.a.,
C

a
Zgurd fluidd Zgurd fluidi
E

o+J O*J
C

D
m

6.+ gt

C.c._

xx27
XX 28

B-LH+sK+pF'

ia{ii: C-celulozic; T titan:: B-:az,: A-acid cu multoxiddefier; sNa-sdruri de sodiu; sK - sdruride sclas , pF - :-lbere Ce fier; LH - inveligul trqnsmite pu{in hidrogen diiuzib;1ir :-s"a:- Tp - [,:ale pozi{iile; O - orizosntal, la suduri cap la cap; J - jghea:, ? Ssr*-. r riri. pF' - :ulbere de fier Tn cantiiate de 50%.

*..,1 .

c.a, $l c.c.c.a. gi c.c.+

MY xi X iri

fn

m m
(o
(,Il

n1

q)

m m m m m
-,1

-.1

_.1

-.1

t\,

5?
^D

o)
t

co

N r\)

NJ

c,)

qp

h)

0r.

y.
m
NI

*:

=6
A)5 Oo. qr r. ?3 v^'

o o

d N

E
0 E
m

ai,

0)

ri. c<

r
ct g) (DX j'0J

o o

r (,
o

a P r m g
m

=r
o 6
.N

z
dl
3
ot

o m
!
m

I,

I
A
q

b ". "t (n sJ (t 0r

a3 os
xx

Sr A!

;' bi

r $
'toi :N rcn 'NO
SO

z n c
? , o

-s -s A (rl (,
-a

s"

0)

{)

Fe

N)
^.1

(n

<1 o!,
-@

(nN

;(t

o o

<\' <o u -9.

q io
3 o
o

o c u

fn a,

c g
m

33 oo

o-grA

= o)

3 q,
n'
(n o)

x. ul ('

t'

a
OJ

==i'rrl '9.'$.r'I-Oon

${

b * m
n
tn
E

s
a

Et*'r<(D('!+c

;g af eF Fc $$ EHg$6mg*ft ;s;;:3*qxs.d &fi at*3frE I T6n-3i!f,ZH.jc-

t!

f. $,
(D

3 o

-' r
.;^

tn

tr r

'cr. n)

X X

F -*
m

t,
o
(rt

q
(D

r38 X B,-E +qo b] 6'.r: 3 :{ it I,+E E fl dil$ d, d


ot

3 ;.6-:! RF

I -; qUs

c) \ -d ir) !, 5; > ;' \ q" u s O) 6- i> x


(.rl
I

lrt

z v

t v
tr
El

tl

G (A

o\

C.)

'9
3
?<

C)

tJJ

o\

o c
tt
m

-d

-d o,. '6 E8o.

>- q :6q. 6d0


;L

sq n c- qr( ):

ru

ff

f
5

m =. A 3 (! g)! o t
C) rD

'

n)

{ s
l)'
(D

5'
><

;- a c
Ut

q).

Fri \oo

;e

1-

; f,

5
A
C|'

Es.eBeE $ ilu= g; g e?lE E a $+*9E*EI *$EsrH*Es s $gggg, 6 g 'af "g,H$.gF 9g$BEt;nn :,-ic:,6=
flFlgFgpefr .a8il${sfl*f*$sE**

&

=n AEilr$E$c F 9i,'3flsd= e's$fiil a frt*s fiflEEFHEF il $.F! I I :,$, = 5eEe"e9*o


pd
trt

il $e'trfiaig' $
s=4-=Fo-#
(o (e 'a
L

,:;::,:'**$s Fil*3i gie i*f,$; $fg*i ie$gf,g$$$-F 8.$=a+ aa=3rile$ff,3[3;qI$ qs$s.fiiedi * gli*e 3H$gtrFEFF ;*s$E*rf;H*F*gifiH fi *etr$igrs* s"r + ;' EIH H A**$-(D
r

flt

=
D

r m 3 m
-1 D

n=ss$*siiesq f,ggggr irng$* E 3ii:=


.ffi

s$eg$t;fraqe
Esfi=H'9

m m z 7

!
ct

th m
EI D q

tn
m

rra) EQg.

o a
It)

u :.

=' g

.P c) :t
v(n r(/) !i'

s,

d6-

|\} b,

g, n
ID

ot q)

xH

39il e?x
-(q
CJ -T'()
n)

o I E il-g O(,}
N
c)

o o o
N

ril

ta ='
{D

(D al a e: $ a 6

ra o- =- N

xfe C mo <c :f {sl


_f

(t ql

o xC

6S= I'(/1 <

c -, 3 Tf,
o.

(()=

o ::: o-9 :i'(D

E&

o
tr

$S. o. e "s *(n ?{D Oh

o Ea N

ro $a

(L

a g,

E !l

dr *. f} f,
e.
'ro
{'}
g1

ii' r$ {lJE riO ro 3 o HE.


0, -l

aP
li

o o
o o o o N
(,,

o gt a aa 5' @ c) Slt c (D 3"^ o, iJ- d ;f, a ^i 6' E oo g- =rD a = f E a=. il (Df. a s 3. (p f NJA n t\) 5 co- 3. o) o x' (D o Y o c-6 a 13 5 r 6 ti o- *. o. :!: r CL 0 o d N' 3t -2 ;i' (o gl' <J 6 (D3 0) (D = 3
6-

!t ,!c. = o o x qt

o a o gr

aii o Y=oS @F oo

$a o
{D

s @

fn 6

3
0) (p

6X *rO

!p .(f J* n (Jt

so*$*.8<mF$Filfr$A

tr PE=;8

8E s gP*r'
B$

-s

L b
m

a It
fl!

o o

i-o fv^
UI;'

*f

frl

m -C) d -' A) n

crii +(,
o a

o o
m 2 { n

3$$$FHilEgH*gfi5EEg ;EFdslf=t FcE+#; + g+Hat-q,H*H FEE'dr# AF t qs* gfiEB"!r--qgipH q d Ef;i{ F;;4 g$ w S,$Fail il -= EE BIHaE ,Et q; S'soc EE' l E* 6d+ -E aa
o il.
g_

o c o fll

o-

)t
m

.:, o o. E c) oa oF 0t{ o *d 1] - Cl' a, sa


f

E U
(D

gc 3 ea 6 0)( N.
c)

:f,
OJ

-vJ

= o- t/) (D

I $

q).

o (rl TA m fJ o tr -6', ^6 f} a J @aFI { c c o

o c f o :3.

:o

o (,ro $@
(t :l

(Dcn

L<
^

=
g

-;il
f. =c 3 3'

= g

{ g

fr I =*

9$ar,* *; s 6-r'r l* g$ xo=. j8: s "'* B EHft g v, :E;-g d,gf I: ggn F

(Jr

6!

$E*s*$ggF*ggfiglirfl:sl$gi*Fassgs
F*'Egglg

gg gg$g**gglagF*s$,g$*rsggans

a D
tnl

f
'

a IlT
F |1l ?

aeg$g$Fa$$gg,*$i$,*eg'gggi$ca-

n ia

{ F
n
ch t'r!

1t

gq$$$$$$$tn$il$$
'r
C'

o o e
@

e
m

oE o. o o-P C

:,nt

o lu
N
rD

E f, E +Nl C
0t C o f{

sl

!c
!\J

ils .4 -tr d_E ;:i v (D(/)


NI

;q ro
(D

=1 o

sta'" o (DQ:+ f,gf

S{2

R$d ruE
E
o
|1'|

Ft

ttl z o -a soK g q c U l!o -(f -c, ul i..l * o N] {L c ztl o) o = tr a ffi G a


*4.

.+-f EEa3gg
scce$. 3$ $ $$*

]t

= I

IT|

lfr :q) tr.| :tn o

0)o

;' g F :t
E g6
Lo_i

o
N

=^
oro
91,

='
(If ro
(D B}

6'g's) -J.r *. -'\ o,p

d s
=. o o
0)

H.

5'

c) tr X .(f 3 C o : p o -a:f. m: _(s

.g

i5

<,r

d,

E o
;1

o a N
6',

c (n

6o: ' Ov : Oc<l


d' -

: 6'D U ch*= - 6:'j a I Sq|*


;' c

!r(
f)

(}

73
3
q,
Rr'

:J

o Y a

0rr
<:

:<

H_S e 3 (D
E
CI'

; o

g,
Q

fr 6 E$*gtr3F$t;$;=$[fl

F._"$***p,

ifi

th

-{

(D

{l)

;i' :JS nt

a ot ot g!.i

? a
a

It o

st'

x a !, a cr '' .O !) o) I N(r'
@

o o- fr'"t,h
(}. =

o q-

-f;: 6= f

i'J

xi"^ 6,s o' S o


F(,)

c
!l a

CL

='E

od :

g :l :t Tn ll :f t, io o l\-) 9d v ?.Jr =. N a J

o-i

=- =:cx

-- =ft ffi#=

c 0, -' d d d3 -4 T n) tJ o f -

o 3

A)

F= --' c -9* _e: i. aa JX fi' d'x = A" gr (,) . I a


tr
O-(/J

rrrgng,$gu*gg*$gaig9ifi ;eHe+g di gHi E*cH:F q ss arn aiEfiig fi < s 'Eg.


g
o-

tu

ct
IA

o-

o
m

l!:

o:

'O g.

='x

g gt#ggAHgEtia = E '$=FsiiFi$* ah
$;u5
$;$teg

i 6--lro sr;Hii

Hil-EgggbF'-**s$=' il;$*gg: fi;es$539$s

$ig6;g ilgtFereatF *i$*{sf,fl*Fg*1$**

E m T
:3

3
F |fit

I't
! |ll

fi$$$E$gq

z v
v o I c
tn
trt

EgEag$rgil$Eq$aEEH
o.:" dR s x ou ::: I N <i'-' =: =: I 9.3'
A\ =' O\PUT J. :6r
LA<L

B
E

nl

"rEPr ;. g-'. 'ct gHHg -o t;E s fl;g


cj
N.

-'

o)*olt) :l ;t :'(D 'if, dt -+ (a UtYs os.*C/) \J c'- ,x6iv 9 P x'oilNe.


rD

;igH=ilS-,* o gil H'*ry$n


s:

fr

f [F* a ;;rn*s;;;;tr;$ ffH I 4F=' ,F ild**sBBdSifi$3,


q9;

t< t3 t>
IF
|'fl

s
H

e"
A)

3
0tq

c*P5

= o=i.* :!D:l
;

S'ie.

: f";i
6 ^i, --

i:'

\u

\P

=:v.xoF:u*E) E'=f lHgffi" Sl,::!.9-*la fi E=; 38 5 t.t - o.ti.. ^ a_\D^ z(n y n* r


13

=,'i

fi-3 0) ^ c

sF$t;e

s*; t**fi*s*q$$$:q
x

IF lf, lu
IB

li
lq v

6,
R
I\

5ilE q)(F n
:ailj:r NI; =
lD-

uqel* xo3* uSqq -R8]E


;,a.F

o a

=. 4.

Onj"I

-iD

=() R =ct" o;l:1 !a $<iltI) N5Iifi aP $ia c) 5.

EgI 1 $

9o

(a

fD(

o)

$)
(D

P_

<>E3fi Q"' gl. ,n


'e.3
$P. a; i!
{J

o)

=.

=
G

nt a g

(n

0)(

g, gt

g
o

oil.

d FH. i 6'P

$ :il$dH i:, feEQ-ru ;Elps a'u$rsppppii*slf, ; i+Eg;3ii g:5gu f.{FHli +5-';r 1' 3F f e s 9E ;tBd u#IFFF$Fs fi'$H g FT' ET; a g E * lig a*$e sHeFpeH$e aag Fu=;q$:fi 8*E+ dE #gF g8=d,*-*
[3

rr

FlgF=*: !-HnRX.q
S a*:RS$='$.c ;:t:-E rr) .($Fts ^:J .A

3*ns$E*igfiEgg$$$ir$ -snfir
,rgdfieHegfip,f;$

t v
t, t''
E

o 0

CA

jS

c> L

6n*,

a] -f *-

f;;gH

d;

n;"s:.'s:"Fj$d;.EIi

H$

tO

gPiAiFgH-

I**$**sHngr 3*pd3:d;

**flEFi$[$Hfi

$$il[fi* gFF$fl$n$E$i*xsr f lgF$H}EilF*$ sg 5Xil-5F*5*l*s $

5 F$iHga*$Eg*Fil$F$jEigir
e
m

$ *Ea$$F $ili+$$$B$EtsF

sn*grlifirfEgrieg3as$$fi$gFaE$EEFf
;g$$g $fiEiF

F r tn

|rl =

I FFiii
L@
(t,

E
rn

z i v

$gEE$#*FFEF3$$i

o F
(r, rn
ct,

llfEEgig+$gg$gfl$g***3*iE;u'*

tr
m

ffirs *FeF'a$*
*;[$$f,$s
grg*gggg
E$f,$$$$

sG, 001 e.il is) 5o,oyJ :$ !-o oo is tr)i o9:c]aic) c-u0]$ ?+ 0O )=i.io_ i-roaa -* :' =. ='o 'tQ rotl hf \ ,N !o fr il'or r n< r ll) f.l6 0l 13 ;r(D LU) o ll) ota -r?. i5e a N i. hi orO ; = oI =. o la d5 -{fia o a. 5 ro ln or(D o)L ar(O w. :o tr rO :a) :]0) c. a, sl :i5 f 6' Q a o.'m a .:t t'-d{Co. a-(D v, 6''g) DC l .c) 3- "=.;*E f .c
O)t ll) Ji l\) Nlnli T \(p p
O)

i* la*

ro-

rd :.0)
t()

Egt

A)t

O)l

Q'

(D

La

i(.)

(A

(!)

o!>

Oa @

&t

|jJ G

i.a f.

,ggagrru

igrggag
-3$Eg$

i*dHnS$, $g$l$85

=. o r}. S)(,q E o fr$l 6 c) oc o. A) tA d =. +$ g, tr, ; o q'd 0), lD( {I C o c l 3 $oi :l o ilt 3' 6' 3. X- 9:: a a oy@ :f: .= A} o" o 3ru, -| = o- -' o: f (Dl J1 ola J- f !:i E.Figl( (c)i; oi o: o '? X.r+hi i -c,:iA) Q-l Ofr J: $t o'd i @ Cr =i ._d. EJ xt ci 3-- =l Oa.! +.Q',*' -o: =.(D; "<: -lll I v( o !+!l6':v; o: a- (tD/;s Ur (o; =\ni $, ,o I -o( _ -tf, 3r b't ,{t l( gx( {' r: #9( 3
0)

d D] 'E -- $. 3 $

Alr

_d

r*'

d A)

is.,+o d
{D(

c)E 0J s)

(Dr

u oid o- r8 o n e3 f g (/l !.c;U )0), o' a s5tr) T >6 i,, (a . <t,rA) tn ;r{5' qn)' 6'o .6' ibt i'o (D ai'> ,i' lc Lo is, -f: gil- .J $oio o 'o t* ,c 0) Lotat3SJ a, ?ollu II) IU( u ^o. d' iq re' o txr I ra lf(D B[. 0lr :f 'o- :(D s) olo f*. .aoE )^ ;:N )q,g D=:iCD '= (ttrX. 9. g. ro .o 3 :(Q tlc} 'X LO 3 'D 'o o) a 9..:3'Lo-.alo q) o. O)itf,.N lo a ^' c rO :) tU(, g.'(o J5 d
lo, o5 c) lU.
!9. Cf P.

-{ :E

IE

It

t< t3 t>

l> tr

Iffl lfil o

g.

{u

g)

*il

x 5s. w .o 6'
i

o o o

;a

sai

ofri

a ' Ar(' to- L c_9_ f) c a o c o, f) o p. f, -= 0'1 ?:fr r 0) a 'o I o '3a d gD X-'@ lllt L, I gJ u, J a 6''o obv, l,* il !)''a J o I o .A o, oibe.:J o.;:t C 'o: X, ':f r] o-, N. -nrOl .al $( A)' 'o: i" a Io: =: El '.o 'o a: a JCultt o; :- ID oi r o t (,};3l $: ;- o: 5', ffi o sl ( Otcr :'|!-.r $ o t Oro -: f( J: ci(oa =t! - s -l N 0rt N: K a. i (0 f,): N_l c1 =dAI t: o::T 5' oitul Ct( c o3 6'f; ,!e. (t) ir -l : t.O o o.!sro*.(vtl o! :fa <rF (n{ (nt !'F :!\ o -'(of JQ 0)r tr 3er ry= :i( Q( (o E( e,lN orJEI .(A 7 o!c o* o*t of dtt !i{ fr, d, d, l

{D

z {
7
F
(f
tTt

:g

i;'

c v,

o
> I
m

Ei

8l

EI N

-s

"44?1.1::r

|\, h,

iF'$$ss

lg[ggggg$glgags

r, iea, i r r rer sa*$lgg$g,,$gggggg rggur$fiifi-l$$Ffu

e* e:

= { n m
4
D
ll1

*$il$E$Fgi$,$,igggri$i$i$!ig*ig$i

3 m o Iti
? m
-l

z
F fr g c o
m

Fnsqa$*s'ilFgg*fi*figgfi$$i+g$
Eoo o 9d * aH
3 gl{

6 c g

FT

:lc)
=.$ tI]( E {lN

Y50) +gg gf.il-

{b

a.@

tD'

g,
tD

s-+. fii Lf,^ oi,c U O a s."3"9

e8I.

6-X 5 di,0) 6'l ;=-i ''YC c<bQ


(1'

i$F* 0='F-"

9oFo 8g"pIFs.=; co -.

9o.P

ff,ggr+g c3 x0,
il' J
(n

Effi qr
3,

O+ofi' 8P ggggrggg;g$gr ;.5netrr$g r. $' q oh


+!.ni

3Ee

E'

tq tm IE l> tllm
lm

t3

l< t:-

E s,S

flgeiFfi$g .$$$;g$

6' o_ o

6"

Fsig= isr6- G* :- o $F$FFFFF ti= i ;i -'o


0lr-n

O-

>

t! z c ! v o
ln

oft fioox
P

c,

0 o

6',

c oE =3p oo d

u:aF ['N -{ =- ile


E:

$ g#$

{D

FiFigF$gHg$$

: $s$aF

aLv

F oo fi^,* il S:l

tn:'7

-,E:

E (,

ct

Q
ln

g
H

4e,-

n) a)

a o

(l)( 0)

F$$

o (n

6'

$g$E#$$'f g$$$g

f,F=$$F nFsl F=$f$F$5$Er e s#


H*t,
trs.E
Ss?8
|

u ="'1 *ool c5(Dl

l
I

(.t '\}

N F

g ffi s$E n F $$;s $ 3 e' *fl ic $EEi$ F*Eii u * F r i3 F $ 3 $ I n * FE $g [$fi $$Ffi Fg iF$F$Ff3 i$

***'a-* f*fi* *a$* *$$p$-$ *us*g-' * r** * s; *u F


gaE
tn

= {

fiia[$$Hi

g$g

i $$F fifiFfi$*EFEEggfiE$$
gg$g$

rm

It

3 m
F r
m
m 1t

ig,g-$-g Eg 3 +

ggg
=
f
=i

z { v

;o
(a

i=
at

i$$$*$a+a* n c $, $fl+ q*H$$ E$fi gF ag t


o
g
m

i$$

'lc co) a c $) (,t 6 l (* *or 3 "g* u (r) (} g c = oi6 g oi' 5. $$ H r/,c o IIJ' X o =' a o a od 10 o g,F o q)( (D =5 oEE s. g) s -'= :f,. .f,N u h'E; d * (to q \) h-K $\ Nl5 0) ") HG s co o oJ. o 3 t Ng X q3 fr sfr,F' -a:!: o or 6. 0 E *$ - t*E a :9r O!( C' oO o L 3 cg 9c, s d-a g) 7 o o E9 s 'q6, o o

ts 6 --"fr ip gg tEd F-9*g;fi r rEr dt fr' 5$ t/) E.E.E ='3 d nOE 8-d, {r, gt -(' a :t 6+ at' a8e ge$ ffifrg3ESqEi: 3 <oop cLo->< fr =d Fot J st e" t/,qr* ;'$'ag' s$$ Hf;[ 5eq E 99.'.FHE ff83' o HF o Ol' O o o I
f II

a ?, a ag, 3 d tb J. o
H.

o
@

a a

F6' o n-! 3

-q
I

tDq

e*

{s9

$t

e sf, ,, ,
X

lr-

d o

q'i5"

3 f fi.e &, r,,H, n


'(t i

q fr'8q

s
6,

Ee

H"$*

>

3 b
d

0!,

tt m
B

F
o @
m

=J

tt

{1,

+qss;;sfod deF llt B = :l :l gl*s E.H, :.n';, Lnr s = q S'o. q !r_c tr o.6 ii Ep sH A'X'bi5E:98 T s $rfl ff{' :: $-c c a3 s g uil H'fF;{q;:s + [ x* ; gFB 3 9.6 {'$ x i$efr$aF$ i g st\ \u E ;qq, r.'' RH nH-g$p: eq Z OAJ ; d*"1 taO FE }RE
[='=' ggit ('
6
Fl'(D OO-Q"
?!

.B

ttr m

lU,

; 1r ffo :t {Il( f (o f; 53 d-* f, o sr.


o n a (n o -q o J il tr -lJ
g,

3'-*

v.

il o= 9r( :f
C)

0')t

CL rg o lllr

0r

2@ o tb
CL
(D

E
(D (D

a 5 o (f, g o o c

g)(

t: ;a u$': T E.g .-'o


*e. 5

$ --9t
-q 3'!o s C^lO I
lI)

0r

:;H $
lYs,
R

FH * *P3 Ha ; +s 0rc E 6F 8A' ? 6.8' 5H' e ri qq -* {o o r; X

rgH oi e' -i9o


*;

Yia x

c: b"*o 5ni*^c HPF


g

$'e3$$ r HST:$; g
ALJ-a

,o
fi
&

dE s
-.@
FL

N=.

I -$ 5'fi .r!.,q E

si E 3t :
i6"q
&
=

E_3 dii: Jdx

3='
4E=

EsE5fi e $F*F$ # a.i g'e I


.H

+[x q

=?

6'

il
R
='

t\t

tr

F*=*,_ff8 $sgE

*fiigA,$,53-

Esfi-*f

|\| (tl

iE

m ,0

n
:3
tn

s $g$ $$ $ $ $iff ia*g

gFEil$ig$El$*3gg$E[$FEg
TabelulVl. 5
nr.
crt.

ili i
f,
max

il
IN

o
!

rn

=
F

3$i

! F

G (p

o tt
m a,
m

c ('
H

iiimDolul
Mn

Con
md.0,10 n!x.0,10
0.404.00 0,F1,2 1.?Or,70 t:t5-2,25
1.65-1 -85

Fluxul Ni

$10 2

tjl uMnl
s] {JMnl b

Si N.0.@ md.0.l0

Cr ad.0.2(

max
0.03 0,03

recomandst

g
m

ms030
mx.0,!0

0,03 0.03

ffio,20

rJM J/
FSM ?O

F r
D

tn

hix.0,l0
0.1$0,1a
0.7-0.1 I

,M0,15 [q.0.20 mr.010


md.0.20 mq.0.52

ru,O30

0.03

0.m
0,03 0,13

rB z0
FC403

tlt

4 6
7

EFI14

0.03

tt2
FA 1OG

S1ofdn16 S1oMn1.6Fe S12Mn2

fiu.0.12 M.0.1

0.&1.6
1,60-2,20

0,025

0,15 0,03

Fc 401ri
|-$M

o o
Il''

t/

M.O,15

m.O20

ffi.O,30

0.s3

FC 403 FSM2O

1
F

rtrIu
Sl0ldnlNil
010Mn1Ni2
mox. 0,10 0,E& I,20

mq.0.15

ms.o,20

0,s+1.?0

!,03

0,02

FC 403

16 zv
mq.0.10
0.60.1,m mtr.0.15

!
o o c
m
E,
@

m*.o,20

t,g+2,?0

0,o3

agl

FC 403

PPM FA 801 S1oMo


mq.0.1(
0.40-0.64

m&.0,15

m.x,0.20

max3,30

0.4c-0,fo

0,m

0,ot

I|,

Q
G

IU FB ?O

rp lv
S1 0Mn1

Mo

ng0,10

0,80-1,20

mx.0,15

M.0,2o
mq.0.20

M.0.30
mct.0.S

0.40{.{o 0.4e0,fo
0,45.4,ri$ o,40

0,m
0,03 0.0?5 0,025

0.4
0,03

FA 801 FB 20
FB2O

Sl2MnZMa

,B0.'12
0.124.r8

1.eG2.?0 r.7-2.15

mq

0.15

11 t

EO.t2
.!i310

0.&1.5 4,14,7

mr,0,20 n&0,52

0.o?5 0.15

F72
FC 4030 FtJ IU FB 20 Fts IU FB 20

ru.o,S M.0,20
M.0,35
0,&1,2 0.+0.6
0.4-0.9

0,&1,8

0,494,tio 0,404.60

0.m
0.06

0.e
0,06

rC:a
E
@:'j! C-!C

c,&1:
i,44.E

nqo,30
0.st.1

E-0.?5

0..{0{,flo
,4SO,iF

0,m
0.03

0.(r2

TA

IU

:4{E

xoJO

M.0,30

0,03

I-U 4U3

TabelulVl.S
I\T

T\,

5tmootul

Compoziila chlmica a saimEl


MN
r

%
max

uurentul

ccnfqrm
STAS
I 126-80

Lli ametrul

(jAZUI

Ni

MO

5 max
sudare

sarmel

protector recomandat

slzMnzsl
a

A
ma.0,1
nax.0.1
max.0,12
1,4-2.2

mm
0,s0
a

0,65-0,90

ma.

C,20

ma.0,3
mEx.0.3
1,S-1,2

0.03 0,03 0,03 0,{-0,8


0,1 5-0.3

0,03
1

50-21

ir'l ZMn145l JJtivliltill

1,2-1 .6

0,6$9,90
0,6-o,9
0,4-0.7

mEx.0,20
max. O,15

0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 o,03 0.02s

100150
1

UU?

60-21

1.4-

1,4-1 ,7

100-150 '160-210

o,+
0,9.

NIlTI s'l2titMoLtrl
UZZMOGT

uuz t/lr2
Sl

mu.0.12
o,1ra,22
max. O,1O

o3.0,8 0,+0,7
1,1-1,5

0,6-1.2

max. 0,3

0,03 0,025 0,03 0,03

00-

g
q
m

160-210

,6

amestec
(J.'J2,

0,12{,35 8,454,7
0,6-0,9 0,45.0.60

0,&1,1 s,8-1.2

mflx. 0.3 max. q,3

10s150
180-2J0 20-140 60-220 50

o,9-

Ar

3 t uNlnl 5l MoCrl

0,4-0,6
0,9-1,2

D r m

fr

0,9- ,?

AT, UU2

:r m
r !

i)tuMn,$l
MolGr?,5
u q

max.0.10
max. 0,10

a,8-1,2

23-2.4

mu.0,3
0,9-1,1

00-1

0,9- ,2
,o

caz
AT, ULJ?

.) | uMint ul

60-210
0,4,0.6

fn

om5

120-140
160-?10 1,4-1,6

NilMo
S12Cr26Ni20
ER3OBLSi fnu.
O,12

I't

1,S.?,0

max, 0,8

19"'21
19.5.22.0 I,O-1 1,0

o,025

1 1

1o-1

t0

20

o,9-1,2 0,9-1,?

Ar

mx,0,O3

1,&2,5

0,65-1,0

mu.0,5

z 7 c
! T

0,03

0,03

10-t 20

max

AI

o ct c o m
(D

q
E

e m

B)

q)

6"

a o 0t 6 5 o N "l; FE (D o o tr o r t f :lo cr o e (n, "ro !r (p g It) c $'$' 5E S, 6' g) T ID (x N - o $ a o S( () s 5' a c c o 5 fr EE o o 6' ? e S,xa a 0t = lJ. {tt v. o 0, ID o) Ccqlo) g 1C F' L (D (cr a a. s) 6 q o sl v, ta 0t o, g) 5 : N ='i'ry N o 5 @ O( N o L 0) a (D F $: :l o f 5 a c, $ g q: a 0 o (l- o" a o o 6' r 6 gt N c o 63 S( $"* g5 fr T' o 6 F o) = s) L*P (,l .} F r +-er(, o o - ]f o a (} E d 0 = =o s' a P c -*. o !L g Sa3 o 6 :l C} th o r o" 6' o o 1 (rt o o (r, - g o u! o) @ d o a o) :r

r dg

tu (/l

T} Iltr

ddifPq *68

T c c, 5 gl o, 1-, ;' E o. uu g) o= *' Olt c {D (D oA*' r)A o oc o:5 g 0rr q) oo | ! , g; 3' (a 3 g o .ai 6'o =: o 6' 6'F s,g,s,u fi fl (D FI o o. lq ol (!) s. a. g c) o r') ;i 6 d d Lt'' o q, - :ry sH*5',8 o) g 6' -o {D Oo ; N a 3 EC 3 o s Fg #,H ro {D< 6 $) g. c} a a 6g c G o ln s. @ FH o

(D

f)

0-g
(*

i33Fo :

o _93 g ? CV, $

^o :f,

atga

asHt$

! 1c, N. a 9. fi@ q(D o (p o. ;1. o . o J o ql


ol

3 6- o u 6-

(D

a 9. g

Hegfr a=-dE= lo = 6E HFa=:


e
=o

H5:E3 $lc) =c *a qf,F IH' 36 oXd'<d = E;" ff "6 F. so


_4.

a -+$
TD

o. gg

s' &
= *.

Tr

/m\ s\y

{a
l--ru

o
ot

F a

frsg

8 er.
='
O)( -i3

(D

frB
C

ro

o
0)

s 7
3 $ tt,
o c)
g)

itr

ol

c) 3 c

o
0)

$r

v,

lD(

A}

fr o

E: o o a o c o= o 6l E o gE _tu ., - o o o D =sE 3 @ ila E f s c o o = d ril

!y

0}{

- = - o e o d

6 o o o o C e :t

c|D ^ =-=. Drt X*= *6"

v58 I

4n

q)( -X5' h J O;:

+u{

_x :iD li'D =o a

E-

-1 0)o 6 CDR

6
(o
E. N

c
@

'u ::. co "'a crtD Sc

oE
AAL

F
q)
d-

=-,

= f,

aF t s < a t:

oF' ;io
=q) g. He. ='
|\r
19

G'

Fi'egeg*$*figia-*$$ugg**ii*$gufiE
ggggg*rggll rig,;i*g$igggg,gggggg ;gg $$a arfr-g*$tidiPrg a;g$grs; FH *aefr$s r
B$$
3
fn ttt

7 F r

ii$ EgE$Egr#tfr ffifi$Hs$lr$ iFig i

t tr!

tr fl
m
atl

frf$$$Ff,'g$$$i$gHigE$$iE$$$FtE$F ggrE$gEEggieggg3E$gfi$*gF$u$

z { n
C

i0

tTt

o c
o
rfi

3 tn
m

D t-

e ln
E'
a/,

l!'l
IE

e
G
m

3
TI'

u :t

at$flF3*FFs
ig$s$FF$F$gi*gfiEg$$$$fifif$g$Eg

fi

-ul*$$*g$i-Fgg-l*E;u[FH*$$g'u
(J'

&t

TabelulVl.T
Gazul sau

Actiunea

arnestecul gazos
100% Ar 50% Ar + 50% He

fati de nretalele
topite
Inertd Ineri6

Procedee la

folosesc
V1IG,

care se

Materialele metalice
care se sudeaza WlG, toate metalele MIG, metale gl aliaje
neteroase

Observafii
Cel mai ieftin aaz inert, arc
electric-lin iEtit Bun la sudarea qrosimilor mari; nu prod{ce pori

WIG, SP

MIG, WiG

Al, Mg, Cu qlaliajeie lor


Ni sl aliaiele sale OL inoxidabil-e a usternitice OL.S Si OL inoxidabile austennce

tu + (2...6)% H,
Ar + (1...2)% 02

l'educdtoar"e

W]G, SP
MIG MIG STG

Cusdturd cu asnect frumos;


oori foartei, outini tsun pentru sudarea sprayai-c Arc eiectric foarte stabil: cusaturi netede gl regulate Suprafa{a cusaturii neteda; patrundere mare

oxidantd oxidant
oxtdanta Inert Mediu

Ugor

I = m
r 6
Itt =

Ar + (3...5)% O,
75% Ar + 55% COz

OL inoxidabile austernitice
(JL.5

vfor.

100% He
9Q7o He + 7,sok

\I/IG, SP
MIG OL.A Ai, Cu sl aliajele ior
LJL.J

Ar - 2,5ok CA.

lnert inert Oxidantd Oxidanta

75o/oHe + 25%" Ar

MIG, WIG I.IAG, STG


MAG

100%

co,

coZ + <zook 02

OL.S

Cel mai scump oaz inert folosit la dudare Arc elec^tric stabil; se suoeaza In oflce pozilte Pori foarte mici; aiutd sudarea cu viteze -mari Cel mai ieftin gaz de sudat; parrundere maxtma \rc stabil, stopdri putine, ar<
IterDrnte

n E n E
? F
E

c 6 frl
vt

:a'3:e:: : S I G - sucare cu sArrnd iubulari,qi proteclie cu gaze; OL.S - cfeluri pentru structuri sudate (nealiate : - ::-::- ::: - si s'a: =r'ale': OL - oteluri; OLA - oiclur-i ali-atb

g
m

ta*8 cx:lo
-flJ.a

Ps_ u) o9<r N) P --t$ Rg tr$:JO


I

(tr

O).

J--*

9Siod E Nq a "!4. oi 6 o !lo


fiio:li

J--p

:lT 3 o- :l .tQ - ol{ =o


:Ol:

R+R d iri, o)( c [$(


J,o --Y 0)
Q

3U* *"No q g o-*


llr<.(/} 0)(
o_

I { E E
Nt
a+\a-

E EE9E E +g dFil Ffi A R S E6 nr,$u'in*$ ilfr $ug gi gf SF*E


q=
3f; $(F
=::
U/J^

|. m
t'l

=gfts d $i -B

F$ 6

llx

fi=' sil
o='

ff'

F \u
E

E qE
0)(

aE r 3$3

il
3 a (p

R f T-*. 6 d,d o c *=

aH 5'o ;'d g

*$ tF$

=N -g:.x' or"S Q.A

tsi4 \oh
r
!J.

g
dt

0r(

q's. l

3r# l\)
lDnO *$(,
:l-

'D 3 (t

0l'

q Nfi q="!4

x6$,
ov -i4nt

f gl( (t.
c J
=. a

9'
13
(D

E;;*rafgcii[$gIF*lI ox to e S hE a g E+ giritit$fri$i$$$gfi* o O oc - 0r3F


s S * 3
:Jcl

E s,. gA F O
$ o
='C)

r=

gA*l=.g$EHlfesFgss =F:Bai:Efi

i iE:

i iH {
F i

o
ttt

z
o

v T F
ct

8a oF q;'

c a

o
m

se
a)vi;

^{,=

q E ='i 35

0)r

5
d
J.

?E ;
cF' oo

VE

!* s8 :lo
e'

Eg s).
N O
LNJ

oo

6' q,

Jt o s 6' o6 6, og
\/ J

e !
J

*;eE*fia$HF$ii$-$il* be E a co. r(D aEIf$c HF$*'i+ 3$


o_

&5 c='

(,,

(.,

**g;egn

= e m
v F r m
m

{
!

tr
lf,

ig$gg[$iEFfi$g[EiF$sflfiigggigg

tn

ggg$g-gig;*giliglr*ggg**r-gi
{ E
f

z -{ fr c ! v
o a
ttl
gt

!l

6'd o_ +' o:+ cE


lf,
ID. O

o_

(D

q)
{t}

cr IA (D

E J d ro
f

IDt C 63 lC d, $a)

o6'
fi-

o 5 O)( q! o =(}- 3 oo ot g. (o {D (D o d .8. ct, gh =.9 B' J f o ttx c c (6' c a -' 0r( o a (D d o c d'e ? @ - a a p_ 3 9' lsa c) g. (] 9a II)t !Jct N (so 3 F 3 o 6'3 3 6' TD (DfD or I 0)( .!0. o @6i o E a 6. o (/)c} (t T o g. Xql r c o. o (,i. H c g) C} *d d o) (D X c d f, g =oH !lD. d a

oR

o a

F - 3 g EF o= U' 6' a co U. @=. c o *:o


{D

o d E 88 N 6 6' CL "*a r o c, :) c) co q) g I 4t' f) 3 o dR o eh c)

.TI

-J

dtr PN o
(u i'

6'

;q

: 8ii a E o f; 3H o o pi tr6'
ol
C)

-Eofu Y=

3 !t d a o
N)

g.
J.)

-q
I

Ri

o*

s]

::.

g
nt

-ta

lltt

^ x { rG}ts 5' E: 5i:rr o 6 0) a sEE


C c) N c

r =
X

c T c (r
tu

-!l'

Eg St il= bs, OrL


oq oF ('c !) fr$' hi a'c) 8+
hrE
q)f $O I0) F'+ -:. o. 5"- ry. * o0)

==: q6 O+ $c :J :f LC =X o.f IDN F$(

vf, J3

;8 Fr:J

.T(D

0)f

o "!4. q" o) f) f, o :f
L

C, (n++ o, q a il -.rK o o F-OE (D u a c (D *r* c, (t 3 r.,tr D (D N P oo :r c) tn() a

o'

g"o B

N, Q.
o)

^>i

e:d
$H
;i

B:F nggrggaggggggaeg

E q $H H'H -6' N A+

FFR

, , sq eE*sg=Feeg*sa**s g

sff cc

;g gA6flcs+ aa

q = F' 4
m

C'

o .D
fi 2 -t

a.

g
0i
O)(

o-H a

q H;' o gd

g$$gFgE$*ilEFgFE
fl fl

! v I c 6
rll
t1

u c

a+
AJ-

== x
=

:J

d 0}( d 3 ql 0].

o)

N 6',

-D ID ftD F"Tr

Ao dE *-u SF

65'

Sjx o oo FF (x a q: D:i ct (lt


=!

T' o o
A)

6- :l a

Sz
a+

t! y
c)
fD

6
g

nd bo
o)

l'

6E EA
o9. c=
OJ

*$ F i**Fe il;. i*

3 m

o l)
m

0t g,

N.
o_

Qo=:

='

o)

o P

o.

f3
="

o.A

=+

o @ o

0)

Ko. -o 1-d-+

3il

$$f,sF[$ES$FF$$$

s 5F iFH[E$n $;1

ctr

r,t

e
H'

lilfiEftsifi

am$$ gE *F IHgr$sF

(r,

* niEF $a ;i**$E$rtaeggEr
6 Hggft [F
+=lg ti qagf$ = gFgfiHilHH: HfrrEt$q E eqsF eg ii#il$f;EfrFaisgga E 3sgq E i3q;aaefrg3FFdpH * F E fi$ilg $il
$$*g*aEFga
g
e m
F r m
nl

gi ltH$3iltrr

ot

3 3

f o

m 1t

FsEg*s$$[F*ilil$Hgq + gEHq ** ;' $*ne*sg E


q $$*5 rs 5E EsHnqg$,
(t
f\)
J

z 'T { c

c v,
rn
tD

\o)

f--I

\J

i< t> l^7J


t-v

l>(

l> lz tm

l>
I

(^)

|.
--t
@

r
N)

r(,

E(.)
Nn

oo
o

lrcc) lm lzu--'1 t

l*
lll
I

ln.\
l--.1
I

x>
'*J

a -J

-i
N)
I

U)

a -1
Q -t$
I

q(n
N)J

)0 x:

)i
N)

(n aA im i -r ii fo _UlOCnA C ('r E(oWSol r --.t (D C]

u lll I 7t]>r qJ la o

'Tt

I I
I I

U)

11.{94ro

... *NX@c)

+-= I

e
V

c e& N OO
N
O m

*'
:.a

eH!! Ucnni
D
H

o-

ni

I
I

AQZ-Y v\-F

: d t'g qE * s 3 F i?.a.gFgF*6';H
-/n ::id
O-

s A: * ; s_^ +;fig;' d-ci5Eo:; .F3H"F=;H f F*d"-+ $ ; $ rE 3 F+"Ro #FE oi $ f; s"H I $ il-$r P **t d, rf; E H' --.,9;" d i'j 2 gs [$ ".q g $ Eg3E 3c ;g*i: + I $
fr ffg) J

X r =.o frFsF$g !qNQ -6r9t 5E5='=:rFq 'l5oH$eBP+d gg


nr -'x =ril-.^i=;"iJ * =Y

e.F9il6"3ln

o =

d8_=i#
SJ'JA5 AA

(/) 3atrfl

n r
=19

-<l

= = - >>;l =. o. ^z=l n Yl

Ir, fTl
-\

Z5AY
fFt

I I

I
I

6"

\/

llll

ni-'-,^
fl!

-."

v/ nt *

-'i

!o)-i OO.rc F*:v6-ir.

"3

o
__:

mFl v) Nl >l
nl rfil

-l

{l

I
I
T

$ 7 T' ;'=,

;..y

c)
n\

\/ n aA-re

la

lf,

--l

o)

('l

a,

r$

5 A

r5
NJ

UJ

l\)
t

EBE # i # Bi xailEs EsH cH 5SS : -Y o+(rr\)


r!l

9@@@

U'

a
-.1

A,@

a
('1

-l

O N I

Hxr

U)

(,

o o
f\)

v) (tl <rl-)

Pfr o# @S
dH -8
s-Q
B

(,)

gr m qm(/, IU5tg od' ga.R asggqF[ si 9tF td*x:1 n*tneti*sgegr$F3i* F- agar$l 45 o 5 il'4 *'?aH 3E : s= i ; hdo6 Pe. 6'd 9.,. =5'' BIE*4* -7 OH I F' 6'-il N>+ n, il f' = 6'E
Y.(Dar-O
(u--J

6"

m
f}

E*

=-t* $ 1;Hri' o'i T'o

+F rF*frs *e

r* il$*;B i$ fiiiil$
+E*F=

:r eeF

$;lE fLoit-of

p-o

ag.

:'
5 g
o

x.i
li
E

6'

e.

!)

gr :J

m x Il

o o 5 C !,
(D

-{
U)
J

-{

(t i
(n

-l

r
\)

c) t

N) I @

N) I @

N w I

o
o

d"

6-

6
c)

*+etr$5 u u: i$ oi $t 3$na F.";fl a # tg sfrd" 6't $3fi 5{33i3g 3$f$ 1F.*-#- F e f,eH=Ao:.*6 6-+. lt+. 3(Df o-^- = = *Ed-*8E. i;Fs;F a 3 * i; or osql E * ailE *t at t il triO n g;: e E x9.rsi i:ji o. * O
-.\r_-.a.4
J'

dE^ dRo,-o

fisfi'$s-s.$a5

ml

JI

I I

"-i

@l

qooE=fi

-i
fi

m-

#=o+3
H

"H

s =S

$g

4 5a

O-qr (0r (:

Ei al*5$s =

i'g-;$#[g $

s
o
1-'!

G)

f\)

N)

<t

(i

s.

G OU'

=5
U)

o @
t9

^) c)

(, -.t
U}

-l lrl
E.

tl
-l

a> irt
Olr
vt

-{

fh

U)

z ic i>
tF

Xo o)s
@

aa -t -{ @na ^((n:(n

{
(o
U)

a.
U, @

U}

-{
U)

-'t

U'
-1

-{
CN

a
A ('l

FE @@

o N
I

(tl

(,
(J)
!

a (Jl o o
cA)
I

clr

O (o
(/t

^u) 6d
-/-\

i3 lw lq t-1
|

(o(o

N)
I

ET O

; a e'9; 4 5; d F q g $ 9Ix t> A:d FEEtd4t o : lrn id;FHagFgTaEt o-o


!t,

3E n
(/) *

(/) "i,J

:r9

IN

.(,

;g* F*s tgFs* sq: F'sr$


Hff; :r^=
=:=
9='= -== o -5 = +==
-i
til

='

$aE 0)o Hs :f, =o q -^ g t E J.= O on" "e E.E.* eA F E 5";A o_'- o-' rnlfEXN:l^ 6' 0) 6'o ocr FH-=
J-

e$:
-Jr-A

+-Y{{lll
JJ4

0) gJ t q) o o.
^\A\U*UJ

4-/'/,D=o I -'- c a' s* *0'q :

a o o

6h x+ va

6E tf

6
a

eatdfdU

[A-q1

o i i6 5;- ^ .):fL(D
+ E .r *

fi.d s Sr * 4 5 5 E d g *E _o-o-o-c)il+.+

E Y'R -sg O ^13r+-t"OOD=:

-- 9l a r o ..<'oi?ioo 5 qr:N
='O :]^*ta

o a = 31 5

s
(D

^o-4 rn
Scnq *3d
qo q^) qn co 'c)

z --t t c -ri
T

r c ; m
-l

z x D
m

ft o
-",|

m r C

!t o

t> >@

-{
5
I

Q m
U}

n n m
N
C]

UI

F (t
J

; z -'{ N c
n
ill

a {
@

-i a

a i
(tl

a
-l

@ _J

c)

o (o
= E c- O ='(O (U

s s (tt
oo
-r1

A
!

c _o.rg3 g Irt s-p P s, DJ o PU-'r -aJ.e c v JI. r-. il ;i Pe. * -." o d -9C 9=e'E a U' a - =.f6 c E,6-JD - a o^-o (- $ 0) :|'io c)
A-AP

o =

(Dx(D' f.=< xi(/) o S'-' Fl'o x

+o (/, ct
J.-AA

(tm :+o o:1

o,
ffi

o
I

of?x*H
i;

LT'

e(Do o ; z ;i' 0)ti: c o:^3. tt- o u 6'o -1f O


i
o

.l'o
EP='

Hqs s $ o *sa+gf
P'+g
Rf :

Fai 5 -q 6--t+o oo ;t(D: oo-Y ooo&J :;.o


+--\v

sl

4r
oocr

l-

+T

oo ='
-ew,Jv aJa

fi c c a

_-,

o-o) o g)g)=

o-

='

:' --qrT 'TOF

c3+

- i66i 9oa xJ' $


ru-] == oii

F?3il3Hs
* F n,3 +Fqe $a F 5e. lo q:8
^,

idtidn'
J.E

5!.ro

llrn (,) luE-'n p-.F

8-px Jcc R gd xa-' ap


*.rlC
A

ooo(,) q'o = 3oo )"ro -'O dsg5' o_J

{ sS9q "s co'tiocf,

_ gE o ao o-o ox

oDt

^a h6\-

N)

N)

N\

AJlJ Na_la

9<<< *<<<
U)

.., (}) N) r >:rO('l

o r
-l
th

o r i
.-n

--[$tvr

-l 0
('|
@
I

KU)o
o!D

rJ)-1 i> > (/) -Yr co 'cl

--t a>

a-l

@. a,
=

-.1

dN

Ai5 ur oo

YU} r

d $@ .4icq d-. P crc


\OO

PA

^@ tO j

(.t)

s{

id
$

-{ a> Ya
-{r ,. O
vl

p#
\O

aq
d

P? !l co

^J

N)

XE S

I E:

-\t

-6' +O o-

\{ ^;r>

9;E o 5E a;i +5e.d ; F n'<. E t $ il * -a


L -' 1

Y!JY;i' 6i-'ni . i?i Z, = i.5c C!a-'X =


^1,

c .f+u

-o do_ do63 (a -'=

=ry (DTl

5
L

5lH$Hi

( x*

e=.s,I
-Ea A1 ++

-:'Ea;gFE -d-osqaoB*a3tE'$F**c -;o


E

a+\,

iii 96 (,o) : =."r=-

? t 5 ." + F e d PSEE= 3 ssdE $19sEnE$* Setf ss EB; *-" a 'x$ olF i=,osH F $Fq3 Pq 5.=,"{B
q

= =+ig*E*a3F3; ;$$Ee +f f g.e$ A: il3*i o'd'^ Ef- EidE F*

H=: $ # d q

gE A s'

(D A*O

x c

:l

z m
X
D
N
+>

(,)(,4 (rsc)A(/jJi

o
(,,

()
--.1

a
-'l
U}

-) N
-'1 x @v/-

c) a

(/)

a
--l
@ sl
1

I i
@
I

vl It' -l CONY i!
an-^-An upn

s
I

-s;

ooN":
Y- --l

-ll >/: ; m CO
N'Y

I EE=6Fg { s(n< r C
J_.nrrl -L):lJ lAYlld

o o 5 rs 3
trf
(D

@ ..j

\
:T

x5
(,eoEon o;$(D$,x oj o; =':^bj d(Dr*Cf
6\*.-L

x& ?N

o a
ill

fr rTt
N
a

(JtRsr=q

a !) 3

85 Fd; ;3"0'4 i,E H = 4 (u


Va5di-. tJ

E go-o $o$o

C'
A)

(t c

r o r
=.

5d o FP 0) l'J =ri w ol gd +- dr 9-= o 3 ^oa q c o- io' I ^odQ:. rc=F


U'

= 0,
N. N

E I tr^ =ci-io) oo-" o 6'F -r


'-L

ocroo

d!t

=aD)\r= =c=3+!l
ai-.-L

---c
a

z
-1 tll

o-

:o

0.)

4E'XS l-d bt
!l *,^\v-t
o vl.:f
A

d::rQ U! X'O

a t^ 6Av,

-)\vp a a :iA)+ o m=

5XE'
a d/.
(/) :J
L64 {t t

A) g 'o

=l

=-a:a : = +-=' dr9^gEg X Fd *::=:Jr!-'


J:=:-\

-.lgX'
vr^aA ^l= vI Uq^v^

I I=

o)

=.

3 ;i =
I

osi x; r\-c; ='

\,

a^

itd =i. =;1:iJ

i::=a=.

; q-Re" 5- 5 E N S=UYaE' -q." 6!) g ; : s 3q &

=
6

s o r CI

(l)

\ r C)
F.)

(l)

o,

(})

('l

s
t\)

& s

r
5
O

t(rl

(, (tl
-{
UJ

c r c)
N ('|

r o
(tl

c)

o -l 0
(3

(,a
\I

U)

^\(o- J OI icn ;jc) a

a
@ @

]>

-l

-l

U)

u i
6
@

U) -{

a)

@
@
I

@
@

a
o t @ &
@ @

an
.h= .Jt

-{

r { rn r c ; FI @ z --t
o
co
t

z
:1.

I
{

&

c) I

O
@
co

og
s @

-{ fr

(t) -l

U'
@

.lv

&
:J==_q

@ @

'T1

6'
u)

d
tu

F#*Fs;# F. 6' ' - 5og 9* otr :J =' 3*F*F* o o-; gd6


H

NilE g.'
a)

or(,Tr OO=: XO=: $$# JD a- i; -or :lY 9.R g6'''I rr-in'


0) x' :no o

&*q!) o -'"

o
=.

o-i Hilcc p 5 [6*rl 0' O) SFtiE-o d 3-p' -*-

fD

trfi F HPix 7oa sE3 6:{ ox+ #rg


cr3 .JD3
cr)

E :i'_

*r
F

;LB"gE *@ FEu o
orsr \ c T--'o

o! n N.'s sql'l96'
Q J

s -co s -l \ > => trl z EE 6 dM 6'd N :i o(o.=.o I(o -l f rn $ (', ='$ 6.d
m
-1 rJaa

-l

@N)

6u)
UJ

ge'=

-.s*
F ='* 8e 96'.,

-'= x s; F I m $ *T F c Sd pq'H Piu;i'ff,

g 5'-A'F o \Y d + Q.

*5r

F1il x
t?l

It z,
o o

='
=.

===x=

g)

^=-

(J

3ot
ic-

o. -6'

'-o orc
OOni --N'i
-J

(')(/) C $ (, o-';1 o^ai O-=o)E N-' 6' rf Q $ (, )'--l


TOJs(b -, -

sgs
U

EL

oF'a
6i 5'

5 c $
$

z m x
A
a')

t\)
\J a

(t

(,
@

(, o

o (l)

al

-{ ttl

o 5 * g
llr

c 4
-t a
C'
-.,1

-{

o
ctl @ (r) @

-{

a z a o
(r)
--J
m

{
I

CA

o
@

a i a
I

o
U}

F
m

@ @

r
T

q(,

69 E3
=' ii5

E
-o

o
E (D a a

398
\v:J.

'Tl

(, o F: ox=i{
\vnDr^ A\-ha+ +-1./\J

do N_

3r
-+ $*

;6'
a *
* ='

; ;

$'d 3 ilNO

hi
(d

*
"cn

." t-. a<

Fo
N

t' )ro o: o- :loi. 3 ,^o


s)

E (D

! E;
eE + -=='
?co

-l A'.o ij iDo--o 7 e P'$ (, m


=p

\
o

='

0)

6'

=++ ot
-'=.o D:,{o
ot

il +E T "EEqiB *na H 6'o uo J.


-='u g *

;da8 o e* r 6' q
(D

sH

E'.s. tr d =. -o 6'

t$

FaeSstrg$F b-AdR-==HFE Sr'--'--fX Fgp.o*6.#il. tr +-o q go'*


=.=ogoc- +i=. *@!r o.(D -.!9 q 5
6tl,(I)-;:*ar'66"

ocN' 0) ='g
vi< ga

o
;i

= o

a-

cr'troX

?P?

Pc) X -6' 3 X^ o o H

AI

ilI

Fs $ 4

;9.^=RP-d'g=
=.-'H $xnlololi.-o-A-pura

;i
a

i$ +i

YS99Xe'Ljo - i +

*osi : o

CL

of -r

o *i

fIt f-

N)

c)

a
j

-{
@
-.1

a
J I

:-{

U)
-.1

c ; t{ til
r0

z ri I

I z
a
o
-l

-|

-l

o
@

2@,

(o
I

fi -{ (o
@

(0
I

--.1

z _J
-{
-'l
m

"r#
8s

-l

fr
@

dH eY'
g)n N d\+r'
-J4

u)
@
(j) --.1

-l

a
(tl
I

(t I

o ='r ffoY +fc


avJ"

@
\.1

\t
-.1

o o *, o
a

N X =: o :*\e o /,

gP 8 P

=.*^ (/,=.+q 6'gtu

0 d g
-o

' Ex
E (D
^Fv

dI
H:*\U^iA-'

gr=

o 3

- odt

(t
a

IJDA
o 6'fCTO)

s3d
=. --'

g d F'p o s$ !q q.x q+ '-"O(t --'


C C)n a-=.

z.
mi

-.t

3 gE a # o d f,i5 xoo 9lJ.5r=:6 ry. Fd lq"9 \:+-dq o*:'do j-oo


(D

'Tl

c, o ='m nod gPd^

is3

rr
a

-l m

o*
6 E *Tf
{D

a^=. olao
-<U6A

n m

+ggR f; Ee * fi r
$ '" *a \, -r'a-) -

(D

;i-

n9l(DO-

+*sq *

6' a N ?'
TD

ci6 o il^
ofi,i Pilnj
I oo !P (tl

YiO ,;=

-Y o

:.
a

(o

=-o
a

oo
=di

0,

d o--o

EL

r;$ s

33t'
*O (,

=AT

! fi5 a o ()N s NO)


cD"

c
nt

=' o

0, JA='
='+

o3

=.

iil

=t m' e.

*Pr

z trt x
(n
N)

tr)

:t =
a

F
c

t$
C)

t\)
@

N)

I
:J

-'1 Q)

3 :l

-.1 f

f)

o
tr !,

- = o 0 a) i *t
-{
<n
-"1
I

N.l

:' :r.
o

-{

--t

tt

-.t

\
&
@
I

(.o
Co

\
t

o
I

--l -.J
@ @ @
!

0
--,1

a
-.1
I

a -l a
-.1

a) --l (o

(h

--{
@

-.t
I

o @

0)(D:J;+ a-+6 a JJJA L 5 o$ YJ ;'

9t 5'9 n q $ o-$ > vr-tu^

H d

!D gf ; "8i p qod ioxc


3
*-V a6U

F-H :g -$=
o<E 6 p

i*qs
-!i

PLU-+6-

j" o ^

o:-

$^, AP

3.9;6 go^ '* -4, fr sdo 9p =


-*r

6ilfH P$=H :iF-= 6"-og 6 :r'il g 5'o + o- !yar-'

j-'

FF.QAg
i/t ",* Y o=_\v(Q^.
n^r-h

6'\-

(O f,

ola:.5(D:a lF!. o_\vn

$d^3 PP
!D
:n
CL

=' -0

o-U ;ar oo ry= --' oP J


A=

= o'rf J ^ 0)-J.O\yF"

86'
XJ
@

f ' E et E 6 *e
;'*'6rr

3 aa.<9 3or aa-=. *fr e 39 $3 o(/, -P. . -.. rir xr '6' o(, x. -! -'o
-*i

oIDj.!a

(/ro

5.

oor.

nnA+ **ua

o o

.3. -'-

o91 o l.*

'' ggg 'i- T'

=' =

oJ' 5'o )"


-o+

+.d

fi

;i p-

(D

6' o) (/Jq)5 o A(o

(a
a

o
o o

o: a a

cd.

E'6 3 b= 0) a$0)^a 6'3E's,

qt
(J)

_.i

z
A)'

-l m ll

o
a

l\) (tl

N)

(Jt

r c

+
U) (Jl
I

r r* ; z {
v c r
?

-{ m

fr
m z a -{ c O

4
o)
U) @

1
+ a -l @ a
-".1

c) a

3
1

s
I

!
a

a
(,)
tJ) {

a
A

-, q
a)

:
:-l

1
a -l
-.t
I

4
N)

4
o)

-l

U)

fn

G)

-l 6 1 (o
;^

0)
U}

-{
--l (o
@

g)
-.1 (o
J I

o
!
@ @

-l

J>

-..t

--j
!

U'

-t a

fA

a *i

(t
-.t

u)

\ (o
@

a
\I
J

*l
I

{
I

-l 0

N)

ll

fn

c) 5

E$g!'T1 o;iq) :L r'i (na (t C)^

@ @

- uYoa -{^: - ;c$J


tu
n J

;r6qo' =-L!D -o-ooa


UP

6il9 !t!!) z =uo) o*


-{
f,o 0)q) po\v =-*i
lD
o)

c
n
tt)

iP
i.!-

Rd
; o *

ouJ OJ =
3

i
-

(i

= c
i

'-= o =." _6 =A;


=+- ; -. .) ?

_!3 x;c*^i

-l ill

C.o 59or o- tr) <o 'a j.o (DO


ct F.
0) a

6" o

0_
0)

:-" X N -o
q)

= : go od * s6- U ooc. c, (})-C) () 6' A^ z(D =' aat z U' =i5 aai =o oo >/1 11=

ru

(/l

CO

(, al 5

;g
a

I$'-

ti

J=

-,O

-=
9"
o_

=.

5 o

NJ* \J X

'6'
;i
c)
r_
rD'

$6" :LN
a

oo =. o
.a

8* 3(t
-'
(t

q>
JDo
=J.

a')
a

c =' o oo :3 c
JD

a o

o o

7 *

z r'n x
f' o ;t 5
E,

!t

o a-o) =
LY

(o

fr = O)

f) a

ic

o'
:.C

= E
o

-. @
!D

= n
='
o

a a

(n.

a
Q

1'

a*

qt
al

z m
X
ctl (Jl

ml

-{ .A
O
f

rl Ll
Fl

f)

7.1

o
$
(D

-{

0 -l a
(t

a -{ a
OJ

_{
@ (Jl

z i c U a v { m

7
-l

a r (: G) o

_h ; c
r
v

-l
v.

v/
t^

o {! R g3 sE * i; .r, o e'6"(D ili6(D d =g 33" l"uo 6*otu i-o'6*


+-vvdu

7 n m
1l
t!l

O
I

O-*-' Txr*S

-> NA cJ

-t

-.,1

i?; :'
O

Y=

<rr

l-+ rN) du1

:so;1 -=. ffo) lq -(Do_ c


i;

ER3!

(, o

+r

.6

o'
c)

*o 8'r llO lf,


5a-U. -'-L'aA J.+

o ct
-(n

Esbg
^slo* Rdq* c ii- -' dE.

Or CN J. A, Aa

tu tA+

to

*.7
0i

o- = 6L: !.
ni

-'"

o
0) a

5gES, o:.=(,
oi!

a j-'

o$K =o XoN r' :* a. o:JN!ra'l-{


a-' Cl :l

>q T N9'T] a- 6- F' UL:' da E * uo 'o^


_4 a

x c (/J'Tta'Tl 3.-p o 0) =' 5 N H gd g o

:o
F'
=i

N.
U'

z c

o)

!\YaF-

P8 d I

- @ : x =of, 6X96
ff^.J-

-n'

cn

o-

of

(9
A}

-i o
m

th

!,

a u =.i; c n!)'='oo = J= F' 6d : ) E=

s$;E
a1*

= c(D
o6 oq o-F o=
aa

c=

F.o- F

6 e.F0'

=' p

nJf =O

H6' o0) | '.

-{

o-'

x =
o-

!:E xa.

6'

=q

UR
MARCA OTEL STAS

CLASA GRAD DE DF CALI- DEZOXI. DARE TATE


n
1

coMPoztTtA cHlMtcA, [%]

Mn

si
a,o7 0,40 0,07 0,40

max
0,06

max
0,06

AI mtn

DE ALUN, IENTA LA RUPERE CURGE- GIRE RE lY"l [N/mm'] [N/mmz]

REZTS-

LIMI TA

DOMENII DE UTILIZARE

s k n s

o,2a 0,80

0,1B 0,80

0,05

0,05 360-440

oL 37

500/1,2-80 k

230

25

kf

c,17 0,80 0,40 0,045 0,045

POR. FERME, PODIJRI, REZER, VOARE, ORGANE DE MASINI

TANTE,

ELEMENTE

kf

o,17 0,80 0,40 0,040 0,040 0,020

o,20 1 4^ 0.50 0,045 0,050 0,020

oL 44

54U1,2-80

kf

0,20 1,10 0,50 0,045 0,045 0,020

430-540

274

22 25

ELEMENTE

POR,

TANTE, LA SOLICI
TARI RIDICATE

kf
2

o,2a

14n 0,50 0,040 0,040 0,020


21
51

oL 52

500/1,2-80

k,kf
KJ

4,20 1An o,045 0,045 0,50 0,020 0,18


0,040 0,040

0-630

340

22

ELEMENTE POR TANTE, STALFI, CA

zz

DE

RULARE

REZERVOARE

z m x
l\t

MARCA OTEL

STAS

CLASA GRAD DE DE CALI. DEZOXIDARE TATE


2 k

coMPoztTtA cHlMlcA,
U

J%l

Mn

si

max

max

AI mtn

DE rENTA LA CURGE. ALUN. GIRE RUPERE 1%l lNlmmzl fr.rr*E

REZIS-

DOMENII DE UTILIZARE
TEVI SI CONDUCTE PEhITRU UTIL]ZAR CURENTE TEVI SI CONDUCTE PENTRU INDUS. TRIA PETRC}LIERA TEVI SI CONDUCTE

|\r

OLT 35

8183-80 8185-80 8183-80 8185-80


81B3-80 81 85-80

0,09 0,40 0,17 0,040 0,045 0,15 0,80 0,37


0,17 0,40 h 4'7 0,040 0,045 o,24 0,80 0,37 0,40 0,70 n1a nan 1,00 0,37 0,040 0,045

340

230

26

o o :t
:l
E gl
ID

rt

OLT 45

440

250

21

OLT 65

640

270

16

LA PRESIUNI
CATE

RIDI.

71512-8A

o,22 0,90

0,37

0,040 0,045

331

207

25

TEVI
NETEDE

CAPETE

715t2-BA

0,27

I 4q

n17
0,37 0,17 ^aa

0"040 0,045

413

207

20

TEVI
NETEDE

CAPETE

x42
x46 x52

1082-80

0,28 1,25

0,040 0,045

410

290

21

TEVI SI CONDUCTE PENTRU iNDUS.

TRIA PETROLIERA
0,040 0,050

1 1

082-80

0,30 .t

nla

"( 0,37

430

32A

20

11

082-80

0,30 1,35

u,o /

0.040 0,050

45d

360

19

TEVI SI CONDUCTE PENTRU INDUS TRIA PETROLIERA TEVI SI CONDUCTE PENTRU INDUS

TRIA PETROLIERA
(rr

(tl ht

*glf g frg$ :

'Flii
gig

fiq$ a $E$$ # fi$ F$ fi $Es$

E E$

*ntr

"

56$

i$ fEif; $FFfi fig$iq $$f5fi $B fi$Fs te*t Fe*$* sqg$E .ifl$ ;s * = $FFu
fi

FflgFg

3i$g.

f,$H

$fi$FgFu$g'EflFE$flF$$$

$*$$$iFfi$$Fi$[i$$*

F
m

z
(,

z fTl
X
D
(.r

EflgH$t$H-fE$lftFgia$$$lEFE$fi8gl : ;ai u;qg tlfr e fiffi! EaEr r;qu f; s F*,FE i$ $$Ef tF$ fi*g EF' FF $;4fr

t ;l

o o 5 !l

g,

l$nHfiflr't*g$c.fiFEF'n$g3 ";

;$s xeft$n

H$F HFr*;i

IE r,'f t' $s$*t-$3*u3*fiEHi

$ '! fr$ Eg *x

(tl

(r,

:{p{Fsots

(rr

u$$$

Ff,$$$

FHfi$i,EFH$fi HEg$fi HEi$$

glggg gAgeeg*; IfiggE lfiegg IIeag

sl gqfiH qecb $Hg$ Fggg ' $ *F *a agg* IFfig $firr f;$*

F$gE* EE'$$aE' s;FE lHgE' ifigF figfli= Ee e5d6 $a:q Hg$

F G

F
o
o ;r

G'

gIe-tiglitg.sg$ii$

3 tr s
o

dEsss** $sq*ua Eififl5gi 46,F4*+ & "io.FdFB E q;s<8 I g $g rfig$ t5$$


:EH*s 'Ee;$is *ggiig
S

}' m x ,t
I

{.,

f)

5
5'
!s
(D

fiigg$

aiE:flg igiflE$igqFi $

fi t$sifi fu**rn t$ =F;**

fi $$ [$6 e *a*

*s*

$E

i$E Ea
gF
*,E
('r
{rr

;gqeg EE;F E;*F *oE

igi$H

ig$gfl3El*$aHtfF=FEaq$F ;66

$3s$ frfit;

c,

{tr

;g fi
$$ $

gigggg

gS1gggg

fi

gg1rxs n E*us:$

* fi *r -E Hs ti*Hfrg 6;;$3gH cr* q[H HE$H E* ggE;[* $Htqra$ $$$Ftu ii1afic


;

*si;*s ; s,e,$flF $ i$g$$$ I fi$iliE I .gggggrg *lgggrg giii*r* grgfgr


D

z m
Crl

X
o 5 f. = E I
(D

gg;r

FB I,

[*r f,r
; As

f)

; ifi;s

z m x
a$

o o
rf,

i$[iii fi gilfi F$s*iffF Fg$gi$$ fi $$ii fi #e lF*$ga;$ $xg$=:$er


=;+:ir$ gg+rgg

gi[i[

gt
(D

s fi i*iggr,,gii r *lrlig.E*1ig,gr:gigt=e$gggrggl
ail***

$relllag

*rirr*FflFu*sifififti-EF3il$

(tr

Jo}(r'5gt

*str

;5: E aee
ggi

$ $sFFe$ $ sFqF
g-rgga
$$

ttr

g g$qFg$$ ggli5g g

fi

fi figrn $i f;,$r$gi
g$gf
Ea

*$qu ffEt*e

**igtr*I*FiH$frFr:n#r $

$ F*FFg I

fi *[f$[i ;*+:;

fi
E

lFgHgii*ggFiFg*$f$$i*$ffiFi,

t> tz lffl lx lF
l?' to I3
l3 lc lo lef

;gFtE$fF*$tFF-;$flF;iFaF
FiFeer

xrsscs* fl[a$H ??[g$i$fr [gat$H u1n$*iH *frg1ggifi


$1gi fi

F$$F
$a= a

gt

g1*gifi

F;;r

HiEs

(}

o
g o o

ssrFil,:3HiFilji3ilIg5$iifi*fif$HiliI

i*Fttlgfiiq*;rrgaEraiaruEn-*l*$*;g*rg$rF*g*gg,igEri-i*l
()

*r*rg*trFfiFHFgFssfl

(s
(p

PsnfgrNiqr)rrr

$g g+3$ fi$3$i gE$H qg$$[ {Etrn $ -iq$i gf; $sut sse $;;s: $ $i F sfi s;eg c;fr9 $

$
$

[gt$g' _,:sFr 'ral,ee gH-aF*F$f$frfs,ti3niFf,a_* gg 3g:i' g$$ fi a s il$ s$:$ E fiE F$g ;g fr;g t{A {u s$e g $;s *$g
b

$$$$$$$$$if$3fifi$:i$$fiF$8$ *s**$fi
$

na$* -$*u a'a;s{ ffi$E $EE$$ gqfi$fi $e;si F$E u *$**i *Eafi ;:gg iA,g * $+$E s Ess

peer H $gg H $AEg H g$gg F 39tr 9

Si$!oP:'r

s$"

E3E
(^t

(| o 3
tr
!,
(D

E[AIiufi[lgt;*f*=Fu*$'*q;rg:$Hg *ilr* a**; l*s1 a*c* fllg$ Eg$gH $g $ilr* u;F' an$* +;ai ;a*r s$rmi Hr

gtg'Egg*gg'glg-;tg'ui$g'ii ';E gEF [fF *$F ;+e 3ge fi*

(D

err*rBg

s u$gfirfr

rilg:E FHfttri$qiE

nt

(D

$ri *gF

;l* 3l$fi*FH$,t l;
H

F;-a*$;r*-=$

$tpt"e*$ igsag F$u F$$$ $;fi=;r*u 'E:EF*l*lgfi'ggig[;ll*r[aH

*=;l,iil5

;-se"{fi:

il

F*Fi6$f6$gifisBffi
5Fr:r ,,pgu*$ etrFssrI *xiein
EETr
!'r

Is;sgfiiiEF[iTI$Eg
_ .- _.-- .:. F'

z rn
x
&

gabHE'eag' gs*ltfrE36r Igi FHi$rHgdHu ;:l; +:il?quE *il$qq+HEe; Hril ,' g$, ,Y3,; C
: J-*

?*" 1f 3JS;+ 3 3 bl G) ., (()il (f RE ,ra .s N. $ il >+l:3 _:s. =iii ^=' + d, n-,qnit '2., -9 _lr -t- 3 6- xro Pt:: "'l'l J(D(/) i!N,*
tD

u cDf) (n =, (n 11 E)7\O BH * F

-11

U'

's
o o =. * 5
9'

sdrif

;;=n;iil [:tqil3rFT g;: nri[=Ee. nf,ifl-gnRs IF"


$at:Hx aqgt*g$* .tgi [l+atE nsii 3iHqril Ri{$il$ ; 8'<5 +$i, ti ls n5f gffr5r :i: iiq* ,
a
F

O rnE @ c *-;a

IrrlY

Ia

\l no b.l
'd-

.^o

_it

ur *i 5' Cl c CDc s,'* (}) -{


&

eilrq=lrH

H;

g'*
ff)
C)

,$

ei Nq)o
l{ \/
tl

.9{q x
s)

-ic:F JX:!:a f$ :a ;i

-:.

fb'1"

rqS

-pB :t

A=l

ogl ti
"tl

9"s < <!_ la)


:,
CJ

i,

r.,lr -cl
II

*iiafi F$*fi*

-o ;<

J:

tr) afiH'" - c) I$

ur5
LJ

g"'

lJ rn

-|$

ff

ETtfleF

gil$sfli* 'F$I:$[g: Pes+rH F;ltg;I

H31SEJ

9o

:,t

gt

Rfft6E=s,r

-Xsiln
aNt

flE$*lFI l{usag1

:-*ur':$[E'[ eiq ;
*ls
$p$

i .g

-:

z plrg;

i "'.*8Ei

F irrao

F flegHi

z m x
A o f !t = tr
()

FF'$$Es'Hg$ *. -i = F* E* ''.* $t .$* ** .** F,* :i jjiEHts $*f*FE$ Fdr

F
E

o o n
rT

tr T

*$$Eg.liHfiE}Ei;HfFf F i $ ge s F #: Hi E 3 *; $ n"+ +r fr *ei t REa5g * $ F Ef; $$fi$ fl $g$$p * ss-E IiEg $$ F$ifli F t1gE a Fs;*E r n F }3F qH $ * F n$ a $ E s/ s =g fi $trE $- * n+ $ g g * :$ t $ $ Ht F * $ g $
E
fr: E

g,

gr

a F .i cnQ :
p* O xE"
]go
9r ^

' -"i g'

pei4* Hfi-ier 5;u* q {n i-Fft


bl

tr'F;:

-I ='Cr

* E

H'

#m ct
(l'

- )0x i-o xr * ryr-t x


E

w k
& t G Z I al ru
ry
IE

tu a\

$fj

fi

-lgq3

E*=

6#3
c

*#

O
[f ru
-5 tl

;@ffi

;ffi

d-

Вам также может понравиться