Erceflora

Written by admin Drug study Feb 6, 2011 Generic Name: Bacillus Clausii Brand Name: Erceflora Classification: Antidiarrheals Suggested Dose: Adults 2-3 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp Children 2-11 years 1-2 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp Infants >1 month 1-2 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp. Mode of Action: Contributes to the recovery of the intestinal microbial flora altered during the course of microbial disorders of diverse origin. It produces various vitamins, particularly group B vitamins thus contributing to correction of vitamin disorders caused by antibiotics & chemotherapeutic agents. Promotes normalization of intestinal flora. Indication: Acute diarrhea with duration of 14 days due to infection, drugs or poisons. Chronic or persistent diarrhea with duration of >14 days. Contraindication: Not for use in immunocompromised patients (cancer patients on chemotherapy, patients taking immunosuppressant meds)

Drug Interaction: No known drug interactions. Side Effects/Adverse Reactions: No known side effects. Adverse Effects: No known adverse effects.

Nursing Responsibility: 1.) Shake drug well before administration. Allows equal distribution of the drug in the fluid it is in. 2.) Monitor patient for any unusual effects from drug. Monitoring allows detection of possible side effects of the drug since there has been no known side effect of the drug. 3.) Administer drug within 30 minutes after opening container. To avoid contamination of the drug. 4.) Dilute drug with sweetened milk, orange juice or tea. To allow easy administration of the drug. 5.) Administer drug orally.

GENERIC NAME: cefixime BRAND NAME: Suprax

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Cefixime is a semi-synthetic (partially man-made), oral antibiotic in the cephalosporin family of antibiotics. The cephalosporin family includes cephalexin (Keflex), cefaclor (Ceclor), cefuroxime (Zinacef), cefpodoxime (Vantin), cefprozil (Cefzil), and many injectable forms. Like other cephalosporins, cefixime stops bacteria from multiplying by preventing bacteria from forming the walls that surround them. The walls are necessary to protect bacteria from their environment and to keep the contents of the bacterial cell together; bacteria cannot survive without a cell wall. Cefixime is active against a very wide spectrum of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes (the cause of strep throat), Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The FDA approved cefixime in April 1989. PRESCRIPTION: Yes GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 400 mg. Suspension: 100 and 200 mg/5 ml. STORAGE: Tablets and oral suspension may be stored at room temperature, 20 to 25 C (68 to 77 F), in a tightly closed container. Suspension may be refrigerated or stored at room temperature after mixing. PRESCRIBED FOR: Cefixime is effective for infections of the middle ear (otitis media), tonsillitis, throat infections (pharyngitis), laryngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia caused by susceptible bacteria. It also is used for treating urinary tract infections and gonorrhea as well as acute bacterial bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DOSING: The recommended adult dose is 400 mg once daily. DRUG INTERACTIONS: Probenecid (Benemid) may increase the blood concentration of cefixime by decreasing removal of cefixime by the kidney. This interaction sometimes is used to enhance the effect of cephalosporins. Combining cefixime with aminoglycosides [for example, tobramycin (Tobradex) produces additive bacterial killing effects but also may increase the risk of harmful effects to the kidney. Exenatide (Byetta) may delay or reduce the absorption of cephalosporins. Cephalosporins should be administered one hour before exenatide. Cefixime may cause a false positive urine ketone test. PREGNANCY: Safety in pregnancy has not been established for cefixime. There are no adequate studies in pregnant women; however, studies in animals suggest no important effects on the fetus.

E-Zinc [syr] Indication: E-Zinc is used for the following conditions: As an adjunct in the management of acute diarrhea; to help boost immune function; to help support optimum physical growth and development. Administration: Should be taken on an empty stomach (Best taken at least 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.). Adverse reaction: GI side effects eg nausea & vomiting are seen in doses of elemental Zinc >30 mg. Contraindication: Allergy to any component of E-Zinc. Side effect: Gastrointestinal side effects eg, nausea and vomiting are seen with doses of elemental zinc >30 mg. Mechanism of action: E-Zinc contains zinc. Zinc helps the body's natural defense against damaging free radicals (antioxidant effect) and helps boost immune function. Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemicals generated during normal body activities that require oxygen (eg, respiration, digestion, blood circulation, immune system response, etc) and after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, cigarette smoke and various pollutants. One major effect of zinc is on the ability of cells to properly replicate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is required for cells to multiply. Hence, zinc is needed for normal growth. Zinc has other known functions/effects: Cofactor of various enzymes in cell division and growth. Required for the normal development and maintenance of the immune system; helps regulate the activity of cells involved in immune function. Functions as an antioxidant by being a cofactor of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, which is involved in the removal of harmful free radicals. Zinc is also recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF as an adjunct in acute diarrhea management together with reduced osmolarity oral rehydration salts (ORS)

Contents Zn sulfate monohydrate Indications E-Zinc is used for the following conditions: As an adjunct in the management of acute diarrhea; to help boost immune function; to help support optimum physical growth and development. Dosage Drops: Therapeutic Dose: As an Adjunct in the Management of Acute Diarrhea together with Reduced Osmolarity ORS: 6 months: 1 mL; <6 months: 2 mL. To be taken orally once during an acute diarrhea episode. Take for 10-14 days even when diarrhea has already stopped.

As Nutritional Supplement: Childn 1-3 years: 0.5 mL; 6-11 months: 0.5 mL. Orally once daily. Missing a Dose: If the patient miss the dose for the day, just take the next dose and the subsequent doses at the usual recommended schedule ie, once a day. Do not double the dose unless recommended. Syrup: Therapeutic Dose: As an Adjunct in the Management of Acute Diarrhea together with Reduced Osmolarity ORS: 6 months: 5 mL or 1 tsp; <6 months: 2.5 mL or tsp. To be taken orally once during an acute diarrhea episode. Take for 10-14 days even when diarrhea has already stopped. As Nutritional Supplement: Adults: 2.5-5 mL (-1 tsp); 9-13 years: 2.5-5 mL (-1 tsp); 4-8 years: 2.5 mL ( tsp); 1-3 years: 1.25 mL ( tsp). Orally once daily. Missing a Dose: If the patient miss the dose for the day, just take the next dose and the subsequent doses at the usual recommended schedule ie, once a day. Do not double the dose unless recommended. Overdosage Rare cases of acute zinc poisoning have been reported. The toxicity signs observed after ingestion of high zinc doses (4-8 g) include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, metallic taste and lethargy (sleepiness). Advise the patient if he has taken more than the recommended dosage. Administration Should be taken on an empty stomach (Best taken at least 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.). Contraindications Allergy to any component of E-Zinc. Side Effects Gastrointestinal side effects eg, nausea and vomiting are seen with doses of elemental zinc >30 mg. Storage Store at temperatures not exceeding 30C. Description Each mL syrup (oral drops) contains zinc sulfate monohydrate (equivalent to 10 mg elemental zinc) 27.5 mg. Each 5 mL (1 tsp) syrup contains zinc sulfate monohydrate (equivalent to 20 mg elemental zinc) 55 mg. Mechanism of Action E-Zinc contains zinc. Zinc helps the body's natural defense against damaging free radicals (antioxidant effect) and helps boost immune function. Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemicals generated during normal body activities that require oxygen (eg, respiration, digestion, blood circulation, immune system response, etc) and after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, cigarette smoke and various pollutants. One major effect of zinc is on the ability of cells to properly replicate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is required for cells to multiply. Hence, zinc is needed for normal growth. Zinc has other known functions/effects: Cofactor of various enzymes in cell division and growth.

Required for the normal development and maintenance of the immune system; helps regulate the activity of cells involved in immune function. Functions as an antioxidant by being a cofactor of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, which is involved in the removal of harmful free radicals. Zinc is also recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF as an adjunct in acute diarrhea management together with reduced osmolarity oral rehydration salts (ORS). How Zinc treatment is a simple, inexpensive, and critical new tool for treating diarrheal episodes among children in the developing world. This important micronutrient becomes depleted during diarrhea, but recent studies suggest that replenishing zinc with a10- to 14-day course of treatment can reduce the duration and severity of diarrheal episodes and may also prevent future episodes for up to three months. It is important that the full-course of zinc is taken, and that follow-up and behavior change messages for caregivers are given to ensure full compliance.

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Per tab NaCl 350 mg, Na bicarbonate 250 mg, KCl150 mg, anhydrous glucose 2 g. Per sachet NaCl520 mg, trisodium citrate dihydrate 580 mg, KCl300 mg, anhydrous glucose 2.7 gIndications

Treatment of childn & adults w/dehydrationdue todiarrhea. Replaces fluid &electrolyteslost due to diarrhea &vomiting. Dosage

Tab Reconstitute in water as follows: D eficit therapy (uponrecognition of dehydration) 2 tab/200 mL. Active replacementtherapy (to replenish on going losses at the start of a diarrhea episode or when diarrhea continues after deficit therapy) 1tab/200 mL. Maintenance therapy or for replacement of fluid &electrolyte losses associated w/ vigorous exercise & athletics 1tab/200 mL. Vol (mL) of soln requirement/day: Milddehydration

Adult & childn 30 mL/kg. Infant <2 yr 50mL/kg. Moderate dehydration C hildn 60 mL/kg, infant 100mL/kg. Gr anules Dissolve 1 sachet in every 200 mLwater. Prevention of dehydration w/in the 1st 4 hr C hildn <2 yr - glass (50-100 mL), 2-10 yr -1 glass (100-200 mL), >10 yr As much fluid as they want. T reatment of dehydration <4 mth or <5 kg 1-2 glasses (200-400 mL), 4-11 mth or 5-7.9 kg 2-3 glasses(400-600 mL), 12-23 mth or 8-10.9 kg 3-4 glasses (600-800 mL), 2- 4 yr or 11-15.9 kg 4-6 glasses (800-1200 mL), 5-14 yr or 16-29.9kg 6-11 glasses (1200-2200 mL), 15 yr or 30 kg 11-20 glasses(2200-4000 mL).Administration

May be taken with or without food

Brand Name: PLASIL CLASSIFICATIONS Therapeutic: Antiemetics ACTIONS Physiologic Mechanism Decreased nausea and vomiting. Decreased symptoms of gastric stasis. Pharmacologic Mechanism Blocks dopamine receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of the CNS. Stimulates motility of the upper GI tract and accelerates gastric emptying. INDICATION Management of esophageal reflux Treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Assess patient for nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and bowel sounds before and after administration. May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol and other CNS depressant while taking this medication. Advise patient to notify health care professional immediately if involuntary movement of eyes, face or limbs occurs.