Cover Page:

Experiment title: Name: Instructors Name: The Simple Pendulum Amanda Reid, 16164167 Salim

Abstract Summary Brief statement of the aim, what was done, the key result and the main conclusion. The aim of the experiment was to determine the value of the acceleration due to gravity by measuring the period of the simple pendulum. effects that the length of the string and the mass of the bob have on the pendulum. During the expirement both the length of the string and the mass of the bob were increased and the resulting time data recorded. For each time recording the bob completed 5 full swings. The data indicated that the length of the string had an effect on the period of the pendulum. The mass of the bob DOES NOT effect the period. The result of time squared vs the length is effected by the square root of the length. Gravity was determined to be ### +/- ## by using the following equations: T = 2pi sqroot of L/G or G= 4pisquaredL T

Introduction:
Statement of the aims Summary of the appropriate background theory Do not reproduce the instructions A simple pendulum is basically a mass (bob) suspended by an almost weightless length of string from a rigid support. A small metal sphere is used as the bob. The time it takes to complete one full swing is considered the time period of the oscillation. The angle of the displacement from the equilibrium position is 10 degress +- 1 degree. This is known as the amplitude The aim of the expirement is to determine the value of the acceleration due to gravity by measuring the period of the simple pendulum. Then to compare the experiment result for G with the accepted value of 9.8 m/s/s. Reference ?? This will be accomplished by recording and analysing data with the use of tables and graphs. A comparisson between the two values will then be made, with uncertainties, reasons and potential improvements discussed.

Data Collection & Analysis

Record measured values in labeled table Calculations must be in logical order Label data tables at the top Label graphs at the bottom with title or description Materials: Bob (metal sphere) String Weights Ruler Protractor Stopwatch Clamp Method: Measure the length of string from the pendulum to be .4m and secure to a sturdy structure using the clamp Draw the bob to a 10 degree angle from its equlibrium Upon release of the bob start the stopwatch All the bob to swing for 5 full oscillations and stop the clock Repeat steps to 1 - 4 3 times and record all data. Add a weight to the bob and repeat steps 1 - 5 Add an additional weight to the bob and repeat steps 1 - 5 Add an additional weight to the bob and repeat steps 1 - 5 Lengthin the string by .1m at a time and repeat steps 1 - 5. Do this 4 times in total. Compile a table and graph using recorded data. Diagram: Table: Graph:

Uncertainty Analysis
All units and measurements must have an estimated uncertainty

The length of the string was measured to an uncertainty average of .05m Given that the length of the string was measures to +- 1mm and the R 0.005m x 100 = 1.25% 0.40m The uncertainty of G was found by taking half the distance of the lowest value and the highest value for G. The value for G can be calculated by dividing 4pie squared with the gradient of the line of best fit. 9.54m/s/s + -0.4

Discussion
Discuss implications of results and what they mean Limitations on result because of uncertainty Which source of uncertainty are most important How can they be reduced The graph of T2 against length shows a linear relationship in agreement with the theory. The line of best fit does not go through 0,0 which ndicated an error in the experiment. This could be because of the response time during timing, true length of the string, control of the string during swing, temperature of the room 23 degrees. The time restraints and inexperience of, basic equipment. To reduce errors: An accurate measurement of the string could be taking by calculating the radius of the bob using a vernier calipers to reduce the error margin. A digital sensor could be used to more accurately measure the period of swings. If we use a longer piece of string - as the string increased the value of g was closer to the true value. More measurements could have been taken to further reduce the uncertainty.

Conclusions
Brief statement about what you did in the lab Purpose How you did it

Summarize your results and all conclusions