http://syavash.

com/portal/users/siavash/blogs/farsi-what-is-artificial-intelligence-fa

. ! John McCarthy ." : " " ! ! (Artificial Intelligence) ":

! (Alen Turing) . ! ! ! "! ! "! . ( ) ! ! ! ) ! ( " ! "

"! !

!! !

"

" ...

"

! "! ( ) . ! ! Lisp John McCarthy ! Prolog ! " ! ! (Deep Blue) ! " "

! AIBO ! . ! ! ! . ! . ! ! !

! ! ... ...

! !

"! ! ! ! . ! "! ! ! !!

"

"

! !

! ! ! GPS !

! ! GPS "!

"

! . ! ! !

" ... " ! ! : (Neural Network) (Genetic Algorithm) (Fuzzy Logic) !

Neural Network ! . ! ! ! ! .

"! ! ! !

"

. !

"! ... "! ! ! ! ! ! ! . ! (Neuron) ! ! dendrite . ! axom ! !

"

"

. . .

( dendrite

axon)

(Input Layer) ! . ! . . . (Weight)

! :

1.

f(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5) = y1 , y2 !

Back ) ! ! ! (propagating

+ ! ! ) ( ! ) ! ! .(

. ...

"

! . "!

Training

! ! ! . ! ! Agent

(Genetic Algorithm (GA

! " ... " ! ! :

1.

X^2 + e^X + 3*sin(X) + int(-X^X) / X = 12

! . :

. . :

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

00001011 00100010 01000000 11100001 01101100 00000111 11001010 11110000

9. 00010101 10. 10000000 11. 11100100 Fitness ! ! Crossover Breed ! ! "! "

Crossover Crossover :

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

First pair: 00001|011 00100|010 After crossover: 00001010 00100011 ! . Crossover . Crossover ! Crossover . . .Mutation Crossover

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

First chromosome: 00001011 After mutation: 00011011

! . ! ! .

. ( ) !

Fuzzy Logic

! ! ( . ! . )

! .

! ! . : . ABS

. . : !

1. 2.

IF x AND y THEN z IF a OR b THEN c ! if .

C<temprature<60C

temprature>60C

1. 2. 3. 4.

IF temperature IS very cold THEN stop fan IF temperature IS cold THEN turn down fan IF temperature IS normal THEN maintain level IF temperature IS hot THEN speed up fan

! ELSE ! NOT AND OR . . Fuzzy sets . . A ! m x A (A, m) (A m(x ! x .[ ] !

".

. ...

"

" ... ! " ! ". ...

"

"

"

! (m(B !

! ! :

NOT

1.

NOT A = (1 - m(A)) AND :

1.

A AND B = minimum(m(A), m(B)) : OR

1.

A OR B = maximum(m(A), m(B)) . !

. ! . . ! . Defuzzification Fuzzification

! . ! . ! !

. . : ! http://artificial.ir/intelligence !

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_inteligence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network http://www.gamedev.net/reference/articles/article1988.asp http://www.cs.stir.ac.uk/~lss/NNIntro/InvSlides.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm http://www.nitrogen.za.org/viewtutorial.asp?id=4 http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~nd/surprise_96/journal/vol1/sbaa/article1.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_set http://www.vojoudi.com/uncertainty/fuzzy_logic/farokhian.htm http://blog.peltarion.com/2006/10/25/fuzzy-math-part-1-the-theory