Hazards of Chemicals Used in Oil & Gas Industry

OISD-STANDARD-114 First Edition July 1998 Amended Edition October 2002 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND THEIR HANDLING
Prepared by COMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND THEIR HANDLING (Amended Edition - October 2002)
OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE 7th Floor, New Delhi House 27-Barakhamba Road New Delhi - 110001
NOTES
OISD Publications are prepared for use in the Oil and Gas Industry under Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. These are the property of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others without written consent from OISD. Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in these documents, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from their use. These documents are intended only to supplement and not to replace the prevailing statutory requirements. Note 1 in superscript indicates the changes / modifications / additions as approved in 20th Safety Council Meeting held in October 2002.
FOREWORD
The Oil Industry in India is more than 100 years old. As such, a variety of practices have been in vogue because of collaboration / association with different foreign companies and governments. Standardisation in design philosophies and operating and maintenance practices at a national level was hardly in existence. This, coupled with feed back from some serious accidents that occurred in the recent past in India and abroad, emphasised the need for the industry to review the existing state-of-the-art in designing, operating and maintaining oil and gas installations. With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety Council assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the industry for formulating and implementing a series of self regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence, standardising and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safer operations. Accordingly, OISD constituted a number of technical committees comprising of experts nominated from the industry to draw up standards and guidelines on various subjects. The present document Standard on Hazardous Chemicals and their Handling was prepared by the Committee on Hazardous Chemicals. This document was prepared based on the accumulated experience and knowledge of industry members, and various national and international codes and practices. This document will be reviewed periodically for improvements based on the new experiences and better understanding. Suggestions from industry members may be addressed to:
The Coordinator Committee on Hazardous Chemicals Oil Industry Safety Directorate, 7th Floor, New Delhi House 27-Barakhamba Road New Delhi 110001
COMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
NAME LEADER
ORGANISATION
Shri C. I. Roy
Cochin Refineries Ltd.
MEMBERS
Shri D. K. Kantak Shri A. K. Somchoudhury Shri N. K. Jindal Shri R. Balasubramaniam Shri R. C. Pandey
Lubrizol India Ltd. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
Shri R. K. Modi Shri N. R. Pal
MEMBER COORDINATOR Shri Anujit Ghatak Oil Industry Safety Directorate
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SCOPE DEFINITION EXPLANATORY NOTES CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR SAFE STORAGE, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS HANDLED IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
6.0
7.0
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17
ACETIC ACID ACETYLENE ALKYL PHENOL AMMONIA BENZENE BENZOYL PEROXIDE BUTANE CARBON DISULPHIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON TETRACHLORIDE CHLORINE ETHYL AMINE ETHYL MERCAPTAN FORMALIN FURFURAL GLYCERINE HEXANE
7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48
HYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIC ACID HYDROFLUORIC ACID HYDROGEN HYDROGEN SULPHIDE ISOBUTYLENE LPG MALEIC ANHYDRIDE METHANOL METHYL ETHYL KETONE METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE MTBE NMP PENTANE PHENOL PHOSPHORUS PENTASULPHIDE POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE PROPANE SODIUM DICHROMATE SODIUM HYDROXIDE SULPHUR DIOXIDE SULPHUR SULPHURIC ACID SULPHUR CHLORIDE SULPHUR DICHLORIDE SULPHUR TRIOXIDE SULPHOLANE TOLUENE TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL TETRAETHYL LEAD XYLENE
8.0 REFERENCES
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND THEIR HANDLING
1.0
INTRODUCTION In the Petroleum and Natural Gas Production and Processing Industry, a number of hazardous chemicals are required to be stored and handled in appreciable quantities. In view of the stringent product quality requirement, various complex processes are introduced involving the handling of hazardous chemicals. Some additives are sometimes introduced to meet the quality requirement of various petroleum products. These chemicals pose various types of hazards like flammability, toxicity, explosivity, corrosivity etc. Inadequate awareness about the hazardous properties of these chemicals may lead to serious accidents which will affect the men at work and the environment . The present standard will help in facilitating the safe storage and handling of hazardous chemicals and in reducing the number of accidents and occupational diseases.
2.0
SCOPE This standard deals with the hazardous chemicals used in Petroleum and Natural Gas production, processing and transportation facilities including those listed in The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989 and The Factories Act. This standard does not include hazardous chemicals namely chemical dust, laboratory chemicals, proprietary chemicals and radioactive materials. The safety data sheets appended as schedule 1 have been prepared as per the proforma given in Schedule 9 of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989.
3.0
DEFINITION
3.1 SYNONYMS: For common chemicals, several chemical names and numerous trade names may be applied to describe the chemical in question In synonyms field, many of these names are identified to aid users on the range of names which have been used to describe each substance. 3.2 CAS NO. : Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number is a numeric designation assigned by American Chemical Societys Chemical Abstracts Service and uniquely identifies a specific chemical compound. This entry allows one to conclusively identify a material regardless of the name or naming system used. 3.3 UN NUMBER: The united nations number is a four figure code used to identify hazardous chemicals and is used for identification of chemicals transported internally by road, rail and by air. 3.4 Hazardous Waste ID. No. : This means the categories of wastes specified in the schedule in The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
3..5 FLAMMABLE CHEMICALS Flammable Gases : Chemicals which in the gaseous state at normal pressure and mixed with air become flammable and the boiling point of which at normal pressure is 20o C or below. Highly Flammable Liquids : Chemicals which have a flash point lower than 23 o C and boiling point of which at normal pressure is above 20 oC. 3.6 FLAMMABLE (EXPLOSIVE) LIMIT AND RANGE In the case of gases or vapour, which form flammable mixtures with air, there is a minimum concentration of vapour in air below which the propagation of flame does not occur in contact with a source of ignition. This is called Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Similarly, there is a maximum concentration of vapour above which the propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition. This is called Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). This range of minimum to maximum concentration is termed as Flammable (Explosive) range. The flammable limits are not appreciably changed by normal variations in atmospheric pressure and temperature. However, at high temperatures, the upper limit is raised and the lower limit lowered, resulting in greater flammable or explosive range. The effect of high pressures on the limits is different for each gas or vapour depending upon its nature. 3.7 TDG FLAMMABILITY Transport of dangerous goods flammability is used in Canada and is based on Classification of dangerous goods by UN Committee of experts on transport of danger goods. The classes indicated are 2, 3, 4 and 5 which are same as indicated in The Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989. 3.8 FLASH POINT The minimum temperature at which the liquid gives so much vapour that this vapour, when mixed with air, forms an ignitable mixture and gives a momentary flash on application of a small pilot flame under specified conditions of test. 3.9 AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE The lowest temperature at which ignition occurs in a mixture of explosive gas and air when the method specified in IS: 7820-1975 is followed. 3.10 EXPLOSIVES Chemicals which may explode under the effect of flame, heat or photo chemical condition or which are more sensitive to shocks or friction than Di-Nitro Benzene.
3.11 CORROSIVE CHEMICALS Chemicals, which will cause damage to the living tissue and/or chemically attack metallic containers and structures are corrosive chemicals. 3.12 OXIDISING SUBSTANCES (OXIDISER): Oxidising substances means a chemical that initiates or promote combustion in other materials, thereby causing fire either of itself or through release of oxygen or other gases. 3.13 PYROPHORIC SUBSTANCES Chemicals which are so reactive that on contact with air and its moisture, oxidation/ hydrolysis occurs at such a rate so as to cause ignition. Some of these reactions liberate flammable gases. 3.14 ORGANIC PEROXIDES Organic peroxide means an organic compound that contains the bivalent o-o- structure and which may be considered to be a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an organic radical. 3.15 TOXIC CHEMICALS Chemicals having the following values of acute toxicity and which owing to their physical & chemical properties, are capable of producing major accident hazards :
Medium lethal dose by oral route (oral toxicity) LD50 (mg/kg body weight of test animals)
1. Extremely toxic 1-50 2. Highly toxic 51-500
Medium lethal dose by the dermal route (dermal toxicity)LD50 (mg/kg body weight of test animals)
1-200 201-2000
Medium lethal concentration by inhalation route (four hrs.) LC50 ( mg/l inhalation in test animals)
0.1-0.5 0.5-2.0
3.16 INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS These are chemical substances which in contact with each other cause hazardous reactions which may be violent or produce toxic materials. 3.17 TLV (THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE)
The term refers to concentrations of air contaminants in the working environment to which it is believed, nearly all workers may be exposed repeatedly day after day without adverse effect. Normally, it is the time weighted average concentration in ppm or gm/m3 for a normal 8-hour work day or 40 hour workweek. Excursions above this limit may occur if they are compensated during the workday, by equivalent excursion below the limit.
3.18 STEL (SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT) It is defined as a 15 minutes time weighted average exposure, which should not be exceeded at any time during a workday even if the 8 hours time weighted average is within the TLV. Exposure at the STEL should not be longer than 15 minutes and should not be repeated more than four times per day. There should be at least 60 minutes interval between successive exposures at the STEL. An averaging period other than 15 minutes may be recommended when this is warranted by observed biological effects. 4.0 EXPLANATORY NOTES 4.1 NUMBERING THE NFPA PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF HAZARD NFPA pictorial representations consist of a diamond as shown in the figure below, divided into 4 parts. These parts, starting from left block (in clockwise direction), represent Health Hazard, Flammability Hazard, Reactivity Hazard and Space for additional information such as water reactivity, oxidant and radiation hazard. The colour codes for these hazards are : blue for health, red for flammability, yellow for reactivity and colourless for additional information. The intensity of hazard is grouped into five classes with numerical indications as 0, 1, 2, 3 & 4 in the ascending order of hazard intensity. In the following lines, these hazard intensities are explained, with the numeral on the left indicating the hazard intensity.
4.1.1
HEALTH
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4 A few whiffs of the gas or vapour could cause death or the gas, vapour or liquid could be fatal on penetrating the fire fighters normal full protective clothing which is designed for resistance to heat. For most chemicals having a Health 4 rating, the normal full protective clothing available to the average fire department will not provide adequate protection against skin contact with these materials. Only special protective clothing designed to protect against the specific hazard should be worn. 3 Materials extremely hazardous to health, but areas may be entered with extreme care. Full protective clothing, including self- contained breathing apparatus, rubber gloves, boots and bands around legs, arms and waist should be provided. No skin surface should be exposed. 2 Materials hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely with self-contained breathing apparatus. 1 Materials only slightly hazardous to health. It may be desirable to wear self-contained breathing apparatus. 0 Materials which on exposure under fire conditions would offer no health hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material. 4.1.2 FLAMMABILITY 4 Very flammable gases, very volatile flammable liquids, and materials that in the form of dusts or mists readily form explosive mixtures when dispersed in air. Shut off flow of gas or liquid and keep cooling water streams on exposed tanks or containers. Use water spray carefully in the vicinity of dusts so as not to create dust clouds. 3 Liquids, which can be ignited under almost, all normal temperature conditions. Water may be ineffective on these liquids because of their low flash points. Solids which form coarse dusts, solids in shredded or fibrous form that create flash fires, solids that burn rapidly, usually because they contain their own oxygen, and any material that ignites spontaneously at normal temperatures in air. 2 Liquids which must be moderately heated before ignition will occur and solids that readily give off flammable vapours. Water spray may be used to extinguish the fire because the material can be cooled to below its flash point. 1 Materials that must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Water may cause frothing of liquids with this flammability rating number if it gets below the surface of the liquid and turns to steam. However, water spray gently applied to the surface will cause a frothing which will extinguish the fire. Most combustible solids have flammability rating of 1. 0 Materials that will not burn.
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4.1.3
REACTIVITY
4 Materials which in themselves are readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or explosive reaction at normal temperatures and pressures. Includes materials, which are sensitive to mechanical or localized thermal shock. If a chemical with this hazard rating is in an advanced or massive fire, the area should be evacuated. 3 Materials which in themselves are capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or of explosive reaction but which require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation. Includes materials which are sensitive to thermal or mechanical shock at elevated temperature and pressure or which react explosively with water without requiring of confinement. Fire fighting should be done from an explosion-resistant location. 2 Materials which in themselves are normally unstable and readily undergo violent chemical change but do not detonate. Includes materials which can undergo chemical change with rapid release of energy at normal temperatures and pressures or which can undergo violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures. Also includes those materials which may react violently with water or which may form potentially explosive mixtures with water. In advanced or massive fires, fire fighting should be done from a protected location. 1 Materials which in themselves are normally stable but which may become unstable at elevated temperature and pressure or which may react with water with some release of energy but not violently. Caution must be used in approaching the fire and applying water. 0 Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions and which are not reactive with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used. Explanation for bottom space (Colourless) : The bottom space is primarily used to identify unusual reactivity with water. With a line through its centre alerts fire fighting personnel to the possible hazard in use of water. This bottom space may also be used to identify a radiation hazard by the symbol. Oxidising chemicals are identified in the bottom space, as OXY. 4.2 HAZCHEM CODE: This is an emergency action code for fire and spillage. The significance of the letters and the numbers indicated in this code are as under:
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13
5.0 CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES The hazardous substances are classified into eight classes. These are as under : CLASS 1 EXPLOSIVES
CLASS 2 GASES, COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED DISSOLVED OR DEEPLY REFRIGERATED, INFLAMMABLE GASES, POISON (TOXIC) GASES. CLASS 3 INFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
CLASS 4 INFLAMMABLE SOLIDS, SUBSTANCES LIABLE TO SPONTANEOUS CONBUSTION; SUBSTANCES WHICH ON CONTACT WITH WATER EMIT INFLAMMABLE GASES. Division 4.1 Division 4.2 combustion. Inflammable solids Substances liable to spontaneous
Division 4.3 Substances, which in contact with water, emit inflammable gases. CLASS 5 OXIDISING SUBSTANCES Division 5.1 Division 5.2 oxidizing substances Organic peroxides
CLASS 6
POISONOUS (TOXIC) AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES Division 6.1 Division 6.2 Poisonous (toxic) substances Infectious substances
CLASS 7
RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
CLASS 8
CORROSIVES
For details of their pictorial representation, the Central Motor Vehicles Rules 1989 may be referred.
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6.0
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR SAFE STORAGE, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL Note 1
6.1
AWARENESS OF OPERATING STAFF Safety at storage and handling of hazardous chemicals depends on a considerable extent on effective safety education / training following safety procedures and efficient supervision. The operating staff must be aware of the hazards involved, the location and operation of safety equipment.
6.2 6.2.1
STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS STORAGE IN BULK Utmost care is necessary in ensuring proper and safe storage facility for hazardous chemicals. The following points should be given due weightage to avoid any mishap. (i) Attempt should be made to find suitable less hazardous alternate chemicals, to replace the hazardous chemical. The inventory of all hazardous chemicals for that matter must be kept as minimum as possible. The tanks should be located so as not to pose safety problems due to leakage and reaction with other chemicals stored nearby. The environment at the location must be compatible with the chemical stored. The storage area should be declared as a prohibited area and should be provided with fencing having at least two exits / No Smoking and/or Prohibited Area display boards, as applicable should be provided at site. (a) Oxidising Agents : Oxidising substances must be stored away from all flammable materials even if they are only slightly flammable. Oxidising material must be kept away from substance which are reducing agents. Water Sensitive Substances : These substances react with water or steam to produce flammable or explosive gases and evolve heat, eg.. Conc. acids like sulphuric acid, glacial ethnoic acid etc. Conc. Alkali like sodium hydroxide react with water later to evolve heat. Such materials must not be stored in areas where water flooding from pipe leakages or leaky roofs can happen.
(ii)
(b)
15
(c)
Toxic Substances : These substances must be stored in well ventilated areas, preferably cool and certainly away from direct sun rays. Periodic checks should be organised for all parts of storage areas. Extremely toxic substances like TEL (Tetra Ethyl Lead) must be stored separately under strict security. Incompatible Chemicals : Incompatible chemicals should not be stored near each other. Corrosive Chemicals : The flooring of the area where corrosive chemicals are stored, shall be impervious and made of corrosion resistant materials.
(d)
(e)
(iii)
The storage tank and foundation should be of suitable material of construction to prevent corrosion. The connections and openings to the tank should be as minimum as possible so that the possibility of leakage and maintenance hazards are minimized. The tanks should be fitted with vents/relief systems of adequate capacity discharging to a safe height. Capacity requirement in case of high vapour evolution resulting from heating due to fire of adjacent tank also should be considered. Wherever atmospheric release of the vapour is not advisable, the relief should be routed to a neutralising system. Flame arrestors are recommended for the vents of atmospheric storage tanks containing Class A (flash point less than 23 degree centigrade) chemicals. The location of flame arrestor must be easily accessible for periodic inspection to ensure that flame arrestor is free of any choking. The tank should have provision for emergency evacuation of its stock to a safer location in case of emergency like fire, tank failure etc. using suitable pump out system. Use of double isolation valve gate and globe valve in series on the drain outline is recommended. Each storage tank should have necessary instruments to monitor its level, pressure and temperature preferably with remote indications at control room or field operators cabins. Abnormal rise in level / pressure / temperature should alert control room by alarm. Quite often, the level gauges pose problems of choking, leakage from drain connections, leakage from broken gauge glasses leading to accidents. Hence, it is suggested to have guarded, illuminated level gauges. Level gauges should have provision for in-situ cleaning. Wherever possible any leakage of hazardous chemicals must be detected and alarm should be annunciated at control room.
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
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(vii) The tank should have a dyke of suitable material (compatible with the chemical) of volume equal to the volume of the larger storage tank. The dyke should have facility to: (a) (b) (c) drain off rain water into storm water channel ; route high volume spillage / leakage to suitable neutralizing pit nearby ; discharge safe effluent to oily water system, as applicable.
The isolation valves on dyke drains should be located outside the dyke. (ix) Fire access roads should be provided to storage area. The storage tanks / area should have suitable fire protection and fire fighting facility. Adequate communication facility like public address / telephone must be made available for interacting with control room, fire stations, medical units etc.
(x)
(xi) The name of chemical, type of hazard, emergency operational instructions, antidote first aid etc. should be displayed near each tank. (xii) Electrical Safety : All cables and electric fittings shall be constructed, installed, protected, operated and maintained in such a manner so as to prevent risk of open sparking.
6.2.2
STORAGE OF CHEMICALS IN DRUMS / OTHER CONTAINER This section has to be read in continuation with previous section (5.2.1) as most of the above guidelines for bulk storage apply to drums / others containers storage. In fact, drum storage of hazardous chemicals (liquids) pose potential hazard compared to bulk storage in that (a) each drum of a cluster of drum can become a source of leakage; (b) the drums normally being less resistant to fire would collapse faster escalating and spreading of fire to other drums of the stack. Hence following guidelines Shall be considered in addition to those discussed in 5.2.1 : (i) The drums should never be filled full with the liquid chemical. There should be sufficient ullage to take care of thermal expansion. The drums should preferably be stored in a well ventilated shed (preferably away from process units) with impermeable floor sloping away from drums. There should be provision to collect accidental spills for safe disposal. The drums should be stacked in a single tier with the bung (lid) up in an orderly manner so that all parts of the storage space are accessible.
(ii)
(iii) (iv)
17
(v)
Empty drums should be removed away and made free of its contents before being kept in safe place. Periodic site inspection should be carried out to ensure that there is no leakage from any of the drums. Where combustible solid materials are stored, the dust content of the air must be kept below the lower explosive limit. Efficient dust collection system and good house keeping should be ensured.
(vi)
(vii)
6.2.3
STORAGE OF COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS The nature of chemical gas apart, the high pressure of storage amplifies the hazard of the storage gas cylinders. Following are the recommended guidelines for storage of cylinders : (i) Cylinders should be protected adequately from variation in temperatures. They should be stored in cool, dry, well ventilated and covered place away from steam pipes, furnace, boilers or any other potential source of heat. Cylinder should not be kept near gangways / elevators to avoid any hard object striking them. Cylinders containing flammable gases and toxic gases shall be kept separated from each other and from cylinders containing other types of gases be an adequate distance or by a suitable partition wall. Cylinders should be properly stacked taking care to prevent knocking, dropping or rolling of cylinders. Cylinder nozzle should be suitably protected against damage. Oil or similar lubricant should not be used on valves or other fittings of cylinders containing gas. In case of liquefied gas like liquid nitrogen, the cylinders should be stacked vertical so that in case of defective regulator only gas would escape. The cylinder valves should be provided with security cap on the outlet to act as a secondary means of safeguard. If there is a leak in the valve which cannot be rectified by tightening the gland nut or spindle, the cylinder should be removed to an open space where it is less dangerous to life & property and necessary remedial measures should be taken. It is necessary that a} name of chemical ; b) state of chemical as to gas or liquid ; c) pressure of the contents ; d) date of filling and e) name and address of the source (manufacturer) should be labelled on the cylinders.
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
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(viii)
The due date of test for cylinder is should be marked on the metal ring inserted between the cylinder valve and cylinder neck. If this date is over, the cylinder should not be accepted. For inflammable gases, the cylinder storage area should be made of non combustible materials and flame proof fittings should be used. The floor level at storage area should be sufficiently above ground level to prevent water logging and corrosion. Flooring of the storage area should not be wet or muddy. Filled and empty cylinders should be tagged and kept separately. The storage area should be fenced and marked as Prohibited Area with NO SMOKING WARNINGS and should have at least two exits. Periodic inspection of cylinders for ascertaining leakage should be made. Automatic gas detectors where applicable should be provided at suitable points so that in case of leakage, alarm is hooted at control room. Emergency kit, safety protective equipment and clothing should be available in close vicinity to storage area. Adequate and suitable fire extinguishers must be available at site.
(ix)
(x)
(xi) (xii)
(xiii)
(xiv)
(xv)
(xvi)
For proper identification of the chemical all cylinders shall have the proper colour as Rule 8 of The Gas Cylinders Rules 1981.
6.3 6.3.1
HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS UNLOADING OF TANK TRUCKS / TANK WAGONS (i) Before the tanker enters the industry premises, the tanker is to be inspected for authorized entry and safe & sound condition of the tanker, its contents and that of the prime mover. Tankers entering plant are to be fitted with flare arresters on their exhaust. The quality of the chemical in the tanker should be ascertained before unloading to avoid contamination of chemical already at storage.
(ii)
(iii)
In case of flammable chemicals, the prime mover (engine) should be kept of. The tanker should be properly blocked from movement before connections are made for unloading hazardous chemicals.
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(iv)
In case of flammable chemicals, the unloading point should be located at a safe distance outside the storage dyke. For details, refer OISDSTD-118 on Layout. Pressurizing with air / inert gas for unloading should be avoided. It is recommended to use pumps / vacuum systems for unloading. Pumps should preferably be of seal less type and valves should be of glandless types. Solid chemicals in bulk should be handled with lifting machines and conveyors. Coupling used for connecting hose to tanker must be leak proof. Flange connections are preferred. Where threaded connections are used, the threaded portion should be properly preserved against corrosion / wearing of threads and thoroughly inspected before connections are made. The unloading hose should be devoid of cracks & blisters and should be capable of withstanding whatever pressure developed during unloading operation. The hose should be hydro-tested at a frequency guided by experience. Proper records of hydro-test should be maintained. Same hose should not be used for unloading different chemicals. Hoses for different chemicals should be marked with different colour stripes for easy identification. For flammable chemicals, the tanker and the hose are to be properly earthed before starting unloading operation. Unloading should preferably be done in day time. Unloading should be done under personal supervision of responsible staff authorized by the management. The operating staff must use suitable personal protective clothing / equipment. Suitable breathing canisters and first aid box must be available at site for use in case of emergency. Provision of sample quantity of water / neutralizing medium to take care of leakage / spillage must be made. Also steam and inert gas hose stations must be available at unloading point. There must be adequate illumination at site. Flame proof fittings should be used wherever necessary.
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x) (xi)
(xii)
(xiii)
(xiv)
(xv)
The unloading systems should have facility to vent / drain the remaining chemical in the hose to a suitable safe point. The hose should be kept blinded when hot in use. Thermal safety valve discharging to safe disposal or handling facility should be provided.
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(xvi)
Before starting unloading, the ullage of the receiving tank should be checked. Care should be taken to avoid overflow of tanks. Gas / chemical leak detection system to sound an alarm at the control room/site may be provided wherever possible, so that quick remedial measures can be taken. Wherever necessary, quick/remote isolation valves should be provided.
(xvii) Fire alarm and fire fighting facility commensurate with the chemical as mentioned in the data sheet (Chapter 6) should be provided at the unloading point.
(xviii) Effective communication system like public address / telephone must be available for communicating with the control room / fire station / health unit.
6.3.2
UNLOADING OF DRUMS / CONTAINERS This section should be read in addition to Section 5.3.1 for general precautions (i) Manual handling of drums / containers should be minimized. It is preferable fork-lifters and suitable cradles are used to handle drums. Carboys containing hazardous chemicals should not be subjected to impact. Suitable protective clothing should be used while handling drums / containers and the operators should position himself such that he is in the upwind direction so that even in case of accidental release of chemical, he is safe.
(ii)
(iii)
6.3.3
HANDLING OF CYLINDERS This Section is to be read in addition to Section 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 for certain common guidelines : (i) The cylinder should be checked for proper markings as listed below, if not in order the cylinder should be returned to the supplier. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Owners / manufacturers name. Specification to which cylinder has been made. Date of last hydrostatic test. Working pressure and test pressure. Tare weight.
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(f)
Water capacity and proper identification colour of the chemical.
(ii)
Cylinders should be unloaded using fork-lifter, hoist etc. Manual handling is not recommended. Valve hoods should not be used as supports while unloading. Ensure the cylinder is not leaking from valve / body. Ensure that the cylinder is not dropped / bumped against any other cylinder or hard object.
(iii)
(iv)
For increased flow rate of gas, suitable vaporizer can be used. Direct heating of the cylinder with steam or flame shall not be done.
(v)
Pressure gauge and flow measuring device should be used to monitor flow.
(vi)
Use non return valve to prevent back flow of process fluid into the partially empty / empty cylinder.
(vii)
When the cylinder is not required to be used for a considerable period of time, it should be disconnected from process and kept completely closed, at storage, marked accordingly.
(viii)
Once a cylinder is consumed, close the cylinder valve fully first and then the process valve. Gently remove the connection, put an Empty label on the cylinder and store at the location specified for empty cylinders. OF EMPTY CONTAINERS OF HAZARDOUS
6.3.4
SAFE DISPOSAL CHEMICALS Note 1
Safe disposal of empty containers of hazardous chemicals should be done based on guidelines given by the Vendors.
7.0
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS HANDLED IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
This section includes safety data sheets of most of the hazardous chemicals being used in Petroleum Industry. The data provided are compiled from various data sources as given in Reference. The identity of the chemical is defined in para 1 of the safety data sheet and important physical and chemical properties of each chemical have been given in para 2 of the safety data sheet. The fire & explosion data, reactivity data, health hazardous data have been given vide para 3, 4 & 5 respectively. The preventive measures and emergency & first aid
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measures and additional informations/references, if any, are given in para 6,7& 8 respectively. Individual data sheets are to be supplemented with the following as item 9 and 10.
9.
MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS DATA

Contact Person in Emergency
Name of Firm
Mailing Address Telephone/Telex Nos.: Telegraphic Address :
Local Bodies involved.
Standard Packing Trem Card Details / Ref.
Other
10.
DISCLAIMER
Information contained in this material data sheet is believed to be reliable but no representation, guarantee or warranties of any kind are made as to its accuracy, suitability for a particular application or results to be obtained from them. It is upto the manufacturer/seller to ensure that the information contained in the material safety data sheet is relevant to the product manufactured or sold by him as the case may be. OISD makes no warranties expressed or implied in respect of the adequacy of this document for any particular purpose.
23
7.1 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ACETIC ACID

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Acetic Acid , glacial
Chemical Classification : Organic Acid
Synonyms: Vinegar Acid, Ethanoic Acid, Methanecarboxylic Acid
Trade Name: Acetic Acid
Formula: CH3COOH
C.A.S.NO. 64-19-7
UN. NO. 2789
Regulated Identification
Shipping Name : Acetic Acid, Glacial Codes/Label : Acid, Class 8 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : Not assigned
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Acetic Acid
C.A.S.NO. 64-19-7 2.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS
C.A.S.NO.
2.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA
Boiling Point/Range
118
Physical State : Liquid
Appearance : Colourless
Melting / Freezing Point
Vapour pressure Odour: Vinegar like @ 35oC mm Hg 14.8 @ 25 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.07 Solubility in water @ 30oC soluble Others: Soluble in ethanol and ether
16.63
Specific Gravity (Water = 1)
1.05 at 20oC
pH: 1 M solution is 2.4
24
3.
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA

Yes LEL UEL 5.3% 16.6 % 427 stable Not determined Flash Point oC Not determined Flash Point oC 40 (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability 3.3 Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid : Yes Flammable Material : Pyrophoric Material No No
Smoke, CO, Aldehydes & other products of incomplete combustion. Does not occur Explosive Material : Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
No No No
Corrosive Material : Others: Nil
Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material is normally stable at moderate elevated temperature and pressure. Do not add water to this product. Incompatible to strong alkalis, Oxidising Agents, Amines, Nitric Acid, Chromic Acid, Sodium Peroxide. Reacts with bases and oxidising Agents. Smoke, CO, Aldehydes & other products of incomplete combustion.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with Other material Reactivity Hazardous Reaction Products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Ingestion, skin and Eyes Ingestion: Can produce deep burns. Skin contact: It may cause deep burns. Eye Contact: Cause eye irritation
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/
Symptoms
Conjunctivitis, Erosion of exposed teeth. Eye contact will cause immediate burns and possible permanent damage. Eye contact: Irrigate with water immediately for at least 15 miniutes including under eyelids. Skin Contact: Wash immediately with copious water. Inhalation : Remove victim to fresh air, rinse mouth and nasal passage, administer artificial Respiration or oxygen. Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Give 3 glasses of milk or water. Do not intubate stomach or stimulate vomiting. 3310 10 mg/kg ppm 25 mg/m3 ppm 25 mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold 1.0 ppm 24 mg/mg3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment:
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
10
STEL
15
ppm
37
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 2
Flammability 2
Reactivity 1
Special
25
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Personal Protective Equipment Handling and Storage Precautions
Rubber gloves, apron to prevent skin contact. Splash proof goggles or face shields. Gas tight goggles to prevent vapour irritation. Eyewash Station and Showers, Respirators. Use with adequate ventilation. Exhaust ducts for ventilation should be acid proof. Detached storage preferred. Store in sealed containers away from oxydising agents and combustible material. Prevent eye, skin contact as this acid is highly corrosive to body tissuses. Suspected areas of high acetic acid concentrations or variable concentration should be tested before employee exposure. Keep above freezeing point as this material expands on solidification and can break glass container.
7.
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID MEASURES
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media
Use water spray, Dry chemical powder, Alcohol foam or CO2. Use water to keep fire exposed containers cool. Fire fighters should wear self contained breathing apparatus to protect against suffocating and corrosive vapours. Toxic fumes, gases or vapours may evolve on burning. The vapours may be heavier than air and may travel along the ground to a distant ignition source and flash back. Container may rupture on heating. As mentioned in Health Hazard Data Not known
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures: Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Evacuate all non-essential personnel. PPE must be worn. Disposal of waste by incineration or dispose of neutralised waste in a land fill. Follow local regulation.
8.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION/REFERENCES
Keep away from potential source of ignition. Store in well ventilated area. Open container in a well ventilated area. Avoid breathing vapours. Keep containers closed when not in use. Wash thoroughly after handling. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. Empty containers retain material residue should not be cut braze, solder, drill , grind or expose container to heat, flame, spark or other source of ignition.
26
7.2 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ACETYLENE
1.
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
ACETYLENE
Chemical Classification : Flammable/Reactive
Synonyms: Ethyne Ethine
Trade Name : Acetylene
Formula
C2H2
C.A.S.NO.74-86-2
UN. No. 1001
Shipping Name : Acetylene Codes/Label : Red gas label, Flammable Gas, Class2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 SE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Acetone
C.A.S.NO. 666-52-4 2.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Acetylene
C.A.S.NO. 74-86-2
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C - 84.0
Physical State : Gaseous
o Melting / Freezing C - 81.3 Vapour pressure Odour: Garlic like Point @ 35oC 30400 mm Hg ________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Vapour Density (Air = 1)
0.910
Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble
Others: Very soluble in alcohol , Acetone, Almost miscible in ether.
0.613 at 80 oC
pH
Neutral
27
3.

Yes 2.2
o
Flammability TDG Flammability
LEL UEL C
2.5 % 82.0% 305.0 High High
Flash Point oC Flash Point oC -32 oC
(OC) (CC)
Auto ignition Temperature
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization
Acetylides Not known
Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material
No Yes No
Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
Yes No No
Corrosive Material Others
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxygen, Chlorine and Fluorine.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material. Reactivity Hazardous Reaction Products
Copper, silver and mercury. Forms explosive compounds. May explode violently when mixed with chlorine or fluorine.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation. Dizziness, drowsiness and suffocation. Death from smothering may occur if oxygen content of the air is severely reduced by dilution with acetylene.
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms
Emergency Treatment Breathing assistance and medical attention. L.D50 Not listed mg/Kg Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals Not applicable ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Flammability 4 Odour Threshold Not applicable. ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Special
Not applicable ppm Health 1
STEL Not applicable ppm Reactivity/Stability 3
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
28
Personal Protective Equipment.
Suitable breathing apparatus, industrial face masks.
Handling and Storage Precautions
Not to be stored along with oxygen and halogens. Keep the cylinder in upright position in a cool and dry place. Dont mix with other gases or transfer from one cylinder to another. Cylinder of dissolved acetylene should be handled carefully to prevent the shock
7.
FIRE
Water spray, carbon dioxide and dry chemical Powder. Remove other cylinders to a safer place away from fire. If exposed to heat or flame, keep the container cool by spraying water. May cause explosion.
Special Procedure
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Remove the victim to fresh air. Pulse and respiration should be monitored. Provide artificial respiration or oxygen, if necessary. Seek medical aid. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Identify leaks in cylinders and fittings with soap solution. Vent slowly in an isolated place.
29
7.3 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ALKYL PHENOL

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Alkyl Phenol
Chemical Classification : Aromatic compound
Synonyms: Not applicable
Trade Name: Dodecyl Phenol
Formula: C12H25C6H4 OH
C.A.S.NO. 108-95-2
UN. NO. Not known
Shipping Name : Alkyl phenol Codes/Label : Inflammable liquids, class 3 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 13 Hazchem Code : 3PE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. 60-100% Alkyl Phenol
C.A.S.NO.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. 2% Phenol
C.A.S.NO. 108-95-2
2.
Boiling Point/Range
o Melting / Freezing C Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent Point @ 35oC mm Hg ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Vapour Density (Air = 1) Specific Gravity (Water = 1) 0.94 at 15.6 oC
Solubility in water @ 30oC insoluble pH: Not determined
Others
30
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL Not determined UEL C Not determined
Flash Point oC Flash Point oC 130
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability Autoignition Temperature
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No Toxic fumes, gases and vapours may evolve on burning Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
No No No
Corrosive Material: No Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material is normally stable at moderately elevated temperatures and pressures. Oxidising agents
Given in fire and explosion hazard data
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, skin and Eyes Inhalation: Higher concentration may cause Headache, Dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting Drowsiness, Stupor, other central nervous system effects leading to visual impairment, Respiratory failure, unconsciousness and death. Repeated and excessive exposure to phenol may cause central nervous system effects including respiratory, motion difficulties & paralysis, digestive disturbances, liver and kidney effects.
Symptoms Emergency Treatment L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals As given in the emergency and first aid measures 2000 to 5000 mg/kg 5 ppm 19 mg/m3 5 ppm 19 mg/m3 Health Odour Threshold L.D50 ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3 Special
STEL
ppm Reactivity
Flammability
31
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Nitrile or neoprene gloves, Chemical goggles and face shield. NIOSH/MSA approved respirator. Self contained breathing apparatus. Use local exhaust ventilation to control mist or vapours. Use approved full face respirators with a combination organic vapour and high efficiency filter cartridge if the recommended exposure limit is exceeded. Use self contained breathing apparatus for entry into confined space and for other poorly ventilated areas and for large spill clean up sites. Use long sleeve shirt. Dont wear rings, watches or similar apparel that could entrap the material and cause skin reaction. Keep containers closed when not in use. Wash thoroughly after handling launder contaminated clothing before reuse.
7.
FIRE
CO2 , Dry chemical , Alcohol foam, water can be used to cool and protect exposed material. Recommended wearing self contained breathing apparatus Toxic fumes and gases or vapours may evolve on burning. Wash skin with soap water. Removes contaminated clothes. Get medical help, discard shoes and other leather articles saturated with material. Flush and wash eye immediately for at least 15 minutes. Remove exposed person to fresh air. If breathing is laboured administer oxygen. If breathing has stopped, apply artificial respiration. Do not induce vomiting. If conscious give two glasses of water. Get immediately medical help.
Unusual Hazards EXPOSURE First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken PPE must be worn. Ventilate area if spilled in confined area or other Poorly ventilated area. Prevent entry into sewers and water ways. Pick up free liquid for recycle and /or disposal. Residual liquid can be absorbed on inert material. Disposal should be in compliance with the applicable regulation.
Waste Disposal Method
32
7.4 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF AMMONIA
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
AMMONIA Chemical Classification : Inorganic Compound
Chemical Name :
Synonyms: Liquid Ammonia, Ammonia Gas, Ammonia Anhydrous.
Trade Name: Ammonia
Formula: NH3
C.A.S.NO: 7664-41-7
UN NO. 1005
Shipping Name : Ammonia Codes/Label : Non Flammable Gas, Class 2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 PE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Ammonia
C.A.S.NO. 7664-41-7 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
-33.4oC
Physical State : Liquefied Compr.Gas Vapour pressure @ 35oC 7600 mm Hg at 25.7oC
Appearance : Colourless Odour : Strong Pungent Odour
Melting / Freezing -77.77oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density 0.60 Solubility in water @ 30oC Others (Air = 1) Very soluble Moderately soluble in Alcohol
0.771 @ 0oC
pH
: I N aq. Sol. 11.6
33
3.

No NA
o
LEL UEL C
16.0 % 25.0 % 651.0 Stable Not available
Flash Point oC Flash Point oC
Not Pertinent (OC) Not Pertinent (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No No
Emits toxic fumes of NH3 & NOx Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers, Calcium hypochlorite, Gold, Mercury, Silver, Halogens, Acetaldehyde, Acrolein. Reacts with Silver chloride, Silver nitrate, Silver azide, chlorine, bromine,iodine, heavy metals and their compounds, Incandescent reaction when heated with Calcium. Reacts with Silver chloride, Silver nitrate, Silver Azide and Silver Oxide form explosive silver nitride.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with Other material Reactivity
Hazardous Reaction Products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin or Eyes 700 ppm causes eye irritation and permanent injury may result if prompt medical remedial measures are not taken. 5000 ppm may cause death from spum inflammation, or edema of the larynx. Contact of the liquid with skin freezes the tissues and causes the caustic burns. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air and provide artificial respiration or oxygen, if needed. Skin and Eyes : Wash the affected area with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek Medical Aid. 25 ppm 18 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 46.8 ppm 32.53 mg3
Emergency Treatment
Permissible Exposure Limit L.D50 (Oral-Rat) TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
350 mg/kg 25 ppm 18 mg/m3 STEL Health Flammability 2 1 35 ppm Reactivity 0 27 mg/m3 Special
34
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Personal Protective Equipment
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours Provide rubber boots, safety goggles, self-contained breathing apparatus, gas mask and protective clothing in case of liquid ammonia.
Avoid storing along with oxidizing materials and away from all possible sources of ignition. Store in well ventilated flame resistant locations.
7.
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedure
Stop flow of gas. Use water spray or fog. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Gas is suffocating.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, provide artificial respiration or oxygen, if needed. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothes and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes : Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid.
Antidotes/Dosages SPILLS Steps to be taken
Not available.
Contain leaking liquid on sand or earth, allow to evaporate. Dilute the vapours with plenty of water. Put into a large vessel containing water, neutralise with HCl And discharge into sewer with sufficient water.
8.
LC50 : 30,000 ppm/5M (ihl-hmn). A human poison by an unspecified route. Difficult to ignite. NH3 and air in a fire, can detonate. Potentially violent or explosive reactions on contact with interhalogens. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with air and hydrocarbons. Those affected with eye and pulmonary diseases should avoid exposure to Ammonia.
35
7.5 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF BENZENE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
BENZENE
Chemical Classification : Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Synonyms: Benzol, Carbon-oil, Phenyl Hydride, Coal naphtha Cyclohexatriene
Trade Name: Benzene
Formula C6H6
C.A.S.NO.71-43-2
UN. NO. 1114
Shipping Name : Benzene Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 3 WE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Benzene C.A.S.NO. 71-43-2 2. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
80.09
Vapour pressure Odour: Aromatic Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 100 mm Hg at 26.1 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.77 Solubility in water @ 30oC 800 mg/l at 25 oC Others: Miscible with alcohol chloform, ether, Crbon Disulphide acetone, Carbon tetrachloride.
5.51
0.879 pH 20oC (Liq.)
: Neutral
36
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.4 % 8% 562.2 Stable Not available.
N.A. - 11.1
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability 3 Auto ignition Temperature
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes Yes No
Toxic gases and vapours. Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers, chlorine, bromine and iron
Reacts vigorously with oxidising agents, incandescent reaction with hydrogen + nickel catalyst (above 210oC), uranium hexafluoride and bromine trifluoride. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with iodine pentafluoride, silver perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, HNO3, liquid O2,O3,AS2F3 + potassium methoxide (explodes above 30oC).
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Skin : Gets absorbed, causes pain, redness. Repeated contact leads to dermatitis. Eyes : Causes pain, redness. Inhalation : Causes headache, dullness, dizziness, unconsciousness, and leukemia. Ingestion : Burning sensation in mouth and stomach. Skin: If affected, remove soaked clothes and boots and wash thoroughly the affected Area with plenty of water and soap. Eye: Flush with plenty of water until irritation subsides Inhalation : Remove from exposure immediately. If breathing is irregular or stopped, Start resuscitation, administer O2, and seek immediately medical aid. 3400 mg/kg L.D50 (Rat-7 hrs.) 1000 ppm as LC50 10 ppm 30 mg/m3 (SHC) (SHC) 10 ppm 32 mg/m3 Health 2 Odour Threshold 4.68 ppm 14.93 mg/mg3 75 mg/m3 Special
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptom
Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
STEL
25 ppm Reactivity 0
Flammability 3
37
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Use hydrocarbon vapour canister, hydrocarbon, insoluble rubber or plastic gloves, goggles or face shield, hydrocarbon-insoluble apron such as neoprene shoes. Store in a cool fireproof place with ventilation along the ground. Keep away from strong oxidising agents.
7.
FIRE
Foam, CO2, and Dry Chemical Powder. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to fire. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, start resuscitation. Skin : Remove the wet clothes and wash the affected area with water and soap. Eyes: Wash thoroughly for 15 mins. with water. Ingestion : Do not induce vomiting, keep victim warm and quiet. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain leaking liquid on sand or earth. Prevent liquid entering into sewer. Seal all waste in vapour tight plastic bags for eventual disposal. Spray into furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more flammable material.
8.
Suspected human carcinogen. Depending on the duration and the exposure, periodic medical check up is recommended. Prolonged exposure (even at low concentration) may cause leukemia. Use of alcoholic drink enhances the poisonous effect. Persin with blood disorder should avoid contact with benzene. High concentration can lead to unconsciousness or death. In industry, inhalation is the primary route of chronic benzene poisoning. Elimination chiefly through lungs. There is great individual variation in signs and symptoms of chronic benzene poisoning.
38
7.6 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Benzoyl Peroxide
Chemical Classification : Organic Peroxide
Synonyms: Benzoic acid peroxide, Benzoyl super oxide, Dibenzoyl peroxide Formula: (C6 H5CO) 2O2
Trade Name: Bernzoyl peroxide
C.A.S.NO. 94-36-0
UN. NO. 2090
Shipping Name : Benzoyl peroxide Codes/Label : Organic peroxide, Class 5 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : Not listed
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Benzoyl peroxide
C.A.S.NO. 94-36-0 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
Decomposes Physical State : Solid Just above m.p.
Appearance : White Rhombic prisms
103-105 Vapour pressure Odour: Faint Odour of Benzaldehyde @ 35oC mm Hg Less than 1mm Hg ______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 26oC Less than 1mg/ml Others: soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, Refractive Index 1.543
1.33
pH: Not pertinent
39
3.

yes
o
Flammability
LEL
Not Available
Flash Point oC Not Available Flash Point oC 80
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability 5 Autoignition Temperature
UEL Not Available 103 Explodes Explodes
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material yes No
Emits white smoke of benzoic acid. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
Yes No No
Corrosive Material No Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Explodes on heating, can explode spontaneously when dry and when exposed to friction or Shock. Strong acid, amines, alcohol, ether, reducing agents Reacts violently in contact with various organic or inorganic acids, alcohols, amines, metallic naphthenates, as well as polymerisation accelerators i.e. Di-methyl aniline and methyl methacrylate. Decomposition produces benzoic acid, phenyl benzoate, ter-phenyls, Biphenyls, Benzene and CO2
Chemical Stability
Incompatibility with Other material Reactivity
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, skin, eyes. Irritation of skin, eyes and respiratory system, can cause dermititis, Vasodilatation and asthma other effects include slow pulse, lower temp, stupor, testicular altrophy. The health hazards of diluents should also be considered, as they may be more serious.
Symptoms Emergency Treatment L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) 7710 Flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove to fresh air. Seek medical aid. mg/kg ppm 5 mg/m3 mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold :Odourless ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3
ppm 5
STEL: Not listed
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 2
Flammability 2
Reactivity 1
Special oxy
40
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Provide Dust respirator, rubber hand gloves, Side covered goggles, Face shield, Overclothing and shoes. Keep container close. Keep away from open flame. Empty container may contain hazardous residue s. Avoid loss of water content as dry material is considerably hazardous. Store below 38 oC to maintain activity. Store in a refrigerator or in a cool, dry place and protect from exposure to shock, rough handling , friction from grinding and all oxydising materials.
7.
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Special procedure Unusual Hazard
Water, Dry chemical powder , foam If large amount is involved, evacuate area. Fight fire from safe distance. Cool surrounding area with water. As long as water is present, material self extinguishes. Dry material burns vigorously.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Skin Contact: Flood all the areas of that have contacted the substance with water. Do not remove the contaminated clothing- do it under water stream. Use soap to help assure removal. Isolate contaminated clothing and when removed , prevent contact by others. Eye contact : Remove any contact lenses at once. Immediately flush eyes well with copious quantities of water or normal saline for at least 20 -30 miniutes. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Leave contaminated area immediately and breathe fresh air. Proper respiratory protection must be supplied to any rescuers. If coughing, difficult breathing or any other symptom develops, seek medical help at once, even if symptoms develop many hours after exposure. Ingestion: Contact a physician hospital or poison centre at once. If victim is unconscious or convulsing, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING . Assure that his airway is open and lay him on his side with his head lower than his body and transport to a medical facility. If conscious and not convulsing, give a glass of water to dilute the substance.
Antidotes/Dosages:
Not Available
SPILLS Steps to be taken Remove all sources of ignition and dampen spilled material with 60-70% acetone to avoid air borne dust, then transfer material to a suitable container. Ventilate the spill area and use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% acetone to pick up remaining material. Wash surface well with soap and water. Absorb or mix in small portions on sand. Soak with 10% Ammonium Hydroxide, place in open furnace pit with plastic spoon. Ignite from safe distance.
41
8.
It is an organic peroxide nad oxidiser. It ignites readily and burns rapidly. An explosion hazard, may explode spontaneously, when heated above the melting point or when overheated under confinement. Explosive decomposition above melting point (103oC) forms flammable products. Violent reaction in contact with N,N-dimethyl aniline, Aniline, Dimethyl sulphide, Lithiumtetrahydro aluminate, N-bromo succinimide+ 4-Toluic Acid, Mixture with CCl4 + ethylene explodes at elevated temperature and pressure. Violent reaction when contacted with organic and inorganic acids, polymerisation accelerators.
42
7.7 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF BUTANE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
BUTANE
Chemical Classification : Hydrocarbon
Synonyms: n-Butane, Methyl-ethyl-methane, Butyl Hydride
Trade Name : Butane
Formula C4H10
C.A.S.NO.106-97-8
UN NO. 1011
Shipping Name : Butane Codes/Label : Flammable Gas, Class 2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2 W E
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Butane
C.A.S.NO. 106-97-8 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
- 0.5oC
Physical State : Liquefied Compressed .Gas Vapour pressure @ 35oC 1520 mm Hg at 18.8oC Odour:
Appearance : Colourless Gasoline like odour
Melting / Freezing -138oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density 2.046 Solubility in water @ 30oC Others (Air = 1) Slight soluble Soluble in Alcohol Ether, Chloroform. Specific Gravity (Water = 1) 0.60 @ 0oC Liquid pH : Not Pertinent
43
3.

Yes 2
o
LEL UEL C
1.9 % 8.5. % 405 Stable May Explode
Not Available (OC) -60 (CC)
Autoignition Temperature
None in particular Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidisers When mixed with { Ni(CO)4 + O2 } highly explosive Not available
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation High exposure produces drowsiness, but no other evidence of systemic effects.
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms Emergency Treatment
ORAL AND ASPIRATION : No treatment required. Inhalation: Guard against self-injury if stuporous, confused or anesthetised. Apply artificial respiration, if breathing is difficult. Avoid administration of Epinephrine or other Sympathomimetic Amines. Prevent aspiration of Vomitus by proper positioning of the head. Give symptomatic and supportive Treatment. Seek Medical Aid. Not listed mg/kg 800 ppm 1900 mg/m3 800 ppm 1900 mg/m3 Health 1 Odour Threshold 6.16 ppm 14.65 mg/m3 mg/m3
STEL
Not listed ppm Reactivity 0
Not listed Special
Flammability 4
44
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours Provide self-contained breathing apparatus, safety goggles, hand gloves and shoes.
Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, flame or oxidisers.
7.
FIRE
Stop flow of gas. CO2, Foam, Dry powder. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
ORAL & ASPIRATION : No treatment required. Inhalation : Guard against self-injury if stuporous, Confused or anesthetised. Apply artificial breathing if breathing is difficult. Avoid administration of Epinephrine or other sypathomimetic Amines. Prevent aspiration of vomitus by proper positioning of the head. Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. Seek medical aid. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Shut off leaks if without risk, warn everybody that air Mixture is explosive. Allow the gas to burn under control.
8.
A simple Asphyxiant: A general-purpose food additive.
45
7.8 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF CARBON DISULFIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
CARBON DISULFIDE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Solvent
Synonyms: Carbon Bisulfide, Carbon Sulfide Dithiocarbonic Anhydride
Trade Name
Formula CS2
C.A.S.NO.75-15-0
UN. NO. 1131
Shipping Name : Carbon Disulfide Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Poison, Class 3 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 3 W E
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Carbon Disulfide
C.A.S.NO. 75-15-0 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
46.5oC
Physical State : Liquid Vapour pressure @ 35oC 400 mm Hg at 28oC
Appearance : Colourless to Yellow Odour: Rotten egg to Sweet Odour
Melting / Freezing - 110.8oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density 2.64 Solubility in water @ 30oC Others (Air = 1) Not soluble Miscible with Anhydrous Methanol, Ethanol, Ether, Benzene Specific Gravity (Water = 1) 1.26 @ 20oC Liquid pH : Neutral
46
3.

Yes 3
o
LEL UEL C
1.3 % 50 % 125 Stable Data not available
Not Available (OC) - 30 (CC)
Emits highly toxic fumes of SOx. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide Explosive No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers, chemically active metals such as Sodium, Potassium, Zinc., Azides, Organic Amines & Air. Reacts with metal azides to produce shock and heat sensitive explosive metal Azidodithioformates, A1 Powder ignites in CS2 Vapour. Reacts violently with CsN3 (H2 SO4 + Permanganates), KN3, NaN3 Reacts with metal azides to produce shock, Heat-sensitive explosive metal Azidodithioformates.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin and Eyes. Acute Exposure: Mild to moderate irritation of skin, eyes and mucous membrane from abdominal pain, Massive vapour exposure : CNS depression with respiratory Paralysis. Death may occur during coma or after convulsions. Inhalation : Remove the victim from exposure, give artificial respiration and oxygen if necessary. Skin: Remove the contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash the affected areas with large amount of water. Ingestion : Induce vomiting, follow with gastric lavage and saline cathartics. Seek Medical Aid. 3188 mg/kg 10 (Skin) ppm 30 (Skin) mg/m3 Odour Threshold 30 (Skin) mg/m3 STEL Flammability 3 Not ppm Available Not Available Not listed Special mg/m3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
10 (Skin) ppm
Not listed ppm Reactivity 0
Health 2
47
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Do not eat or drink at work place. Provide safety goggles, face shield, PVC hand gloves, air-line or chemical cartridge mask. Full-face mask and industrial clothing to be used when entering the vessel.
Store away from direct heat. Avoid plastic containers. Containers should be earthed properly.
7.
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedure Unusual Hazards
Dry Chemical powder, fog, water spray. Keep the containers cool by spraying water exposed to fire Substance burns with almost invisible flame.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If eyes are affected, immediately wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin : Remove the soaked clothes and shoes. Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. Seek medical aid. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk, Contain the leakage on sand or earth. Knock down the vapours with water spray. Do not allow liquid to enter sewer. a) Leakage: Absorb wirh paper and destroy by burning at least 50m away from any habitation. b) Large quantities: Atomise into an incinerator and destroy by controlled incineration
8.
A dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, friction or oxidising materials. Due to its low flash point and high sp. gr. CS2 should be stored under water (immiscible with water). Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
48
7.9 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF CARBON MONOXIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
CARBON MONOXIDE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Gas
Synonyms: Carbone, Carbonic Oxide
Trade Name
Formula CO
C.A.S.NO.630-08-0
UN. NO. 1016
Shipping Name : Carbon Monoxide Codes/Label : Flammable Gas, Poison, Class 2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 SE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Carbon Monoxide
C.A.S.NO. 630-08-0
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C -191.3
Physical State : Liquefied Compressed .Gas
o Melting / Freezing C -207 Vapour pressure N.A. Odour: Odourless Point @ 35oC mm Hg ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
0.97
Solubility in water @ 30oC Not soluble
Others Appreciable soluble in organic solvents.
0.791 at -191.5oC
pH
Not Pertinent
49
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
12.5% 74.2% 608.8 Stable N. A.
Not Pertinent Not Pertinent
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes Yes
Asphyxiation due to CO2 production may occur. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers Violent or explosive reaction on contact with Bromine Trifluoride, Bromine Pentafluoride, Chlorine Dioxide, Peroxodisulfuryl difluoride. Mixture of liquid CO with liquid O2 is explosive. React with Na or K to form explosive products sensitive to shock, heat or contact with water.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin and Eyes Human systematic effects by inhalation, changes in psycho-physiological tests and Methemoglobine mia-carboxhemoglobinemia. Can cause asphyxlation by preventing hemoglobin from binding oxygen. Contact with skin causes frostbite. Eye contact causes severe injury. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area. Support respiration, provide oxygen if required. Seek medical aid immediately. Skin: If burnt by liquid, treat as frostbite. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water at least for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not listed L.D50 50 ppm 55 mg/m3 55 mg/m3 Odour Threshold Odourless ppm Odourless mg/mg3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
50 ppm Health 2
STEL
400 ppm Reactivity 0
440 Special
Flammability 4
50
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide self-contained breathing apparatus, face shield or safety goggles, safety shoes, appropriate canister mask, rubber over-clothing, hand gloves.
Store in a cool, dry place, away from heat, flame or oxidisers.
7.
FIRE
Dry chemical powder, CO2. Wear self-contained Breathing apparatus; Let fire burn, shut off gas while using the chemicals. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flame has little colour. Containers may explode.
Special Procedure
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove victim from exposure to fresh air area, support respiration, provide O2 if required. Skin: If burnt by liquid, treat as frostbite. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 minioutes. Seek medical aid immediately for all type of exposures. None in particular.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Shut off leaks if without risk. Allow to burn under control. To be burnt under control.
8.
LC50 (rat): 1807 ppm/4H acute case of poisoning resulting from brief exposure to high concentrations seldom results in any permanent disability if recovery takes place. Auditory disturbances and contractions of the visual fields have been demonstrated. Glycosuria does occur and heart irregularities have been reported. Repeated exposure to low concentrations of the gas upto 100 ppm in air is generally believed to cause no signs of poisoning or permanent damage can cause asphyxiation by preventing hemoglobin from binding O2. After being removed from exposure the half life of its elimination from the blood is one hour. A very dangerous explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Mixture of liquid CO with liquid di-nitrogen-oxide is a rocket propellant combination. Ignites on contact with cesium oxide and water. Potentially explosive reaction with iron (3) oxide between O-150oC. Exothermic reaction with ClF3, (Li+H2O), NF3, OF2, (K+O2), Ag2O, (Na+NH3)
51
7.10 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name : CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
Chemical Classification : Alkyl Halide
Synonyms: Carbon Chloride, Per-chloro Methane, Benzinoform, Tetra-chloro Methane.
Trade Name : Carbon tetrachloride
Formula
CC14
C.A.S. NO. 56-23-5
UN. No. 1846
Shipping Name : Carbon Tetrachloride Codes/Label : Poison, Class-6 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 6 Hazchem Code : 2 Z
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Carbon Tetrachloride
C.A.S.NO. 56-23-5 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 76.8
Appearance: Colourless, Watery.
o Melting / Freezing C -22.6 Vapour pressure Odour: Sweet Point @ 35oC 100mm Hg at 23 oC _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
5.30
Solubility in water @ 30oC Not Soluble
Others: Miscible with Alcohol, Benzene, Chloroform Ether, CS2
1.59 at 20o C
pH
Neutral
52
3.

No
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
Not pertinent Not pertinent Not Pertinent Stable Stable
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A. Auto ignition Temperature
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No No
Emits toxic fumes of Cl & Phosgene. Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Chemically active metals such as Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium, Aluminium Tri-chloride, Di-benzoyl Peroxide & Potassium-tart-butoxide. Vigorous exothermic reaction with allyl alcohol, A1 (C2H5)3, (Benzoyl Peroxide + C2H6 ), BrF3, Di-borane, Di-silane, Liquid O2, (AgC14 + HC1). Forms impact sensitive explosive mixtures with particulates of many metals (eg.A1). Also forms explosive mixtures with ClF3, N2O4 etc. Forms explosive mixture with ethylene, between 25-105 C and 30 80 bar.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material. Reactivity
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin & Eyes. Skin & Eyes : Causes irritation, Inhalation causes dizziness, inco-ordination, anesthesia may be accompanied by nausea, liver damage & kidney damage. Often reduces or stops urinary output. Damages central nervous system. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area. Keep the patient warm & quiet. Give artificial respiration, if breathing stops. Ingestion: Induce vomiting, give plenty of water to drink. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Remove the wetted clothes & flush the affected area with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. 2800 mg/kg 5 (Skin) ppm 30 (Skin) mg/m3 5 (Skin) ppm 30 (Skin) mg/m3 Health 3 Flammability 0 Odour Threshold: > 10 ppm mg/m3 125 mg/m3
STEL
20
ppm
Reactivity/Stability Special 0
53
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide PVC or rubber hand gloves, air supplied mask, safety goggles, organic vapour canister with full-face masks, rubber apron and shoes.
Store in a cool, well ventilated, dry area way from heat.
7.
FIRE
Not Flammable. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Poisonous and irritating gases are produced.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, Give artificial respiration. Ingestion : Induce vomiting, give plenty of water to drink. Eyes & Skin : Wash the affected area with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Shut off leaks if without risk. Absorb on sand or earth. Seal all the waste in vapour-tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.
8.
A suspected human carcinogen. Violent or explosive reaction on contact with fluorine. Potentially explosive reaction on contact with boranes. Potentially dangerous reaction with dimethylene formamide, 1,2,3,4,5,6 - hexachloro-cyclohexane or dimethylacetamide, when iron is present as catalyst. This has narcotic action similar to that of chloroform though not as strong. Concentration of the order of 1000-1500 ppm is sufficient to cause symptoms if exposure continues for several hours. Repeated daily exposure to such concentrations may result in poisoning. CC14 has caused explosions when used as fire extinguisher on a wax fires and uranium fires.
54
7.11 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF CHLORINE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
CHLORINE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Gas or Liquid
Synonyms: None Formula C12 C.A.S.NO.7782-50-5
Trade Name UN. NO. 1017
Shipping Name : Chlorine Codes/Label : Non Flammable Gas, Poison, Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 XE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Chlorine C.A.S.NO. 7782-50-5 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
- 34 oC
Physical State Liquid Liquid Compr. Gas Vapour pressure @ 35oC 4800 mm Hg at 20oC
Appearance : Greenish Yellow
Odour:
Irritating, Bleach like choking odour.
Melting / Freezing -101oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.49 Solubility in water @ 30oC Slightly soluble Others Soluble in Alkalis.
1.47 pH @ 0oC 2774 mm Hg
: Not Pertinent
55
3.

No LEL Not % Pertinent Not % Pertinent Not Pertinent Stable Stable Flash Point oC Flash Point oC Not Pertinent (OC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability
NA
UEL
Not Pertinent (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No
Toxic products are generated when combustibles burn in Cl. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide Yes No
Corrosive Material
Yes
Others: Supports Combustion
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Combustible substances, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with Alcohol, explosive reaction with metals, potentially dangerous reaction with Hydrocarbons : Lewis Acids, Sulfides, Tri-alkyl Boranes. Forms explosive mixtures with hydrogen. Toxic products are generated when combustibles burn in Cl.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material Reactivity
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin and Eyes. Causes Eye irritation, sneezing, copious salivation, general excitement, restlessness. High concentration causes respiratory distress and violent coughing, often with retching. Death may result from suffocation. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, support respiration, give oxygen if necessary. Eyes : Flush with large amount of water for at least 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not listed mg/kg 1 ppm 3 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 3 mg/m3 STEL Flammability 0 3.5 ppm 10.16 mg/m3 Special mg/m3
ppm
ppm Reactivity 0
Health 3
56
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide PVC gloves, gumboots, rubber overcoat, head mask, self-contained breathing apparatus.
Keep in a cool, dry, relatively isolated, well ventilated place, store in cylinders, pressure vessels, or pipelines.
7.
FIRE
Not flammable Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. In no circumstances water shall be directed towards leaking containers. Poisonous gases are produced in fire. If inhaled, move the victim to fresh air area. If chlorine comes in contact with eyes or skin, wash with plenty of water under quick opening safety shower and eye wash fountain. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not available.
Unusual Hazards EXPOSURE First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk, Contain liquid with earth or sand. Prevent the liquid from entering the sewer. Vapours create toxic atmosphere. Knock down vapours with water spray. Neutralize small liquid spillage with soda ash & drain with abundant water. Cover pool with protein foam, so that the release of vapour to atmosphere is low and under control
8.
In case of large gas escapes, the presence of cloud can be marked with Ammonia with which it will turn into a mist. Run away from the gas clouds in a direction perpendicular to the wind direction. Avoid liquid chlorine from leaking and body contact. Persons with pulmonary diseases should avoid the exposure. A concentration of 3.5 ppm produces a detectable odour. 15 ppm causes immediate irritation of the throat. Concentration of 50 ppm are dangerous for even short exposures. 1000 ppm is fatal. Can react to cause fires/explosion on contact with Turpentine, illuminating gas, Polypropylene, Rubber, Sulfamic Acid, Acetaldehyde, Alcohols. Bring the leaking portion of the cylinder to the uppermost position, so that only the gas escapes and not the liquid.
57
7.12 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ETHYLAMINE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
ETHYLAMINE
Chemical Classification : Aliphatic Amine
Synonyms: Ethanamine Mono-ethyl-amine
Trade Name :
Formula C2 H7 N
C.A.S.NO.75-04-7
UN.No. 1036
Shipping Name : Ethyl amine Codes/Label : Flammable gas Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 8 Hazchem Code : 2 PE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Ethyl Amine C.A.S.NO. 75-04-7 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
16.6
Physical State : Gas/Liquid
o Melting / Freezing C - 80.6 Vapour pressure Odour: Strong Ammoniacal. Point @ 35oC ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
1.56
Solubility in water @ 30oC Miscible
Others: Miscible with Alcohol and Ether.
0.662 at 20oC
pH
Strongly basic
58
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
4.95% 20.75% 385 Stable Explodes
- 18 Not available
(OC) (CC)
Emits toxic fumes of NOx. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Acids and Oxidisers, Cellulose Nitrate. Reacts vigorously with Oxidising Materials and Strong Acids. Not available. .
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation. Ingestion, Skin & Eyes Inhalation: Causes irritation to mucous membrane. Ingestion: Poisonous. Skin : Causes irritation and dermatitis. Eyes: Causes severe irritation. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area. Provide artificial respiration if needed. Ingestion : Give plenty of water to drink. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothes and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. 400 mg/m3 L.D50 10 ppm 18 mg/m3 18 mg/m3 Odour Threshold Not available STEL Flammability Not listed Not listed ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Special
Emergency Treatment
10 ppm
ppm
Health Not listed
Reactivity/Stability Not listed
59
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with gas or liquid. Provide self-contained respirator, safety goggles, face shield, rubber hand gloves, body over-clothing and shoes.
Keep in an exclusively cooler place, protected from light, heat, flame and spark.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol Foam, Dry Chemical Powder and Water. Keep the containers cool by spraying water. If exposed to heat or flame. Containers may explode.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air area. Apply artificial respiration and oxygen if needed. Ingestion: Give plenty of water to drink. Skin : Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Shut off leaks and flow of gas if without risk. a) Dissolve in combustible solvent such as alcohol etc. burn in open furnace by igniting from a safe distance with utmost care or sprinkle into fire chamber or furnace with after burner and scrubber.
8.
LC50 = 3000 ppm / 4 H (ihl-rat). A very dangerous for hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Explosion hazard to sparks.
60
7.13 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ETHYL MERCAPTAN

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
ETHYL MERCAPTAN
Chemical Classification : Mercaptan
Synonyms: Ethanethiol, Mercaptoethane Thioethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Sulphydrate
Trade Name
Formula C2 H6S
C.A.S. NO. 75-08-1
UN. NO. 1228
Shipping Name : Ethyl Mercaptan Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 3 YE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Ethyl Mercaptan C.A.S.NO. 75-08-1 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
34.4 oC
Appearance : Colourless to Yellow
Vapour pressure @ 35oC Not available
Odour:
Strong Penetrating Garlic like odour.
Melting / Freezing -147oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.49 Solubility in water 30oC soluble Others Soluble in Alcohol, Ether.
0.826 @ 20oC Solid
pH
: Not Available
61
3.

Yes LEL 2.8 % Flash Point oC Flash Point oC < -17.7 (OC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability
3
o
UEL C
18.2 % 298.9 Stable Explodes
Not Available (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No
Emits toxic fumes of SOx Will not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Acids, Water, Steam and Oxidisers. Violent reaction with Ca (OCI)2. Reacts vigorously with Oxidisers. Contact with Acid fumes emit highly toxic fumes of SOx Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin and Eyes. Inhalation : Causes muscular weakness, convulsions, respiratory paralysis. High concentration may cause pulmonary irritation. Ingestion: Causes nausea and irritation of mouth and stomach. Eyes & Skin: Causes irritation. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, Provide artificial respiration or Oxygen if needed. Ingestion : Induce vomiting and follow with gastric lavage. Eyes: Flush with water for 15 mins. Skin : Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Seek medical aid immediately. mg/kg ppm Not mg/m3 listed ppm 1.0 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 0.001 ppm 0.002 mg/m3 Special mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
1960 --
0.5
STEL
ppm
Health 2
Flammability 4
Reactivity 0
62
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide rubber hand gloves, protective over-clothing, side covered safety Goggles / face shield.
Keep in a cool, dry, well ventilated area away from heat, flame or Oxidisers. Keep the containers tightly closed.
7.
FIRE
Dry Chemical Powder, Foam, CO2. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Poisonous gases are produced in fire.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, provide artificial respiration or oxygen if needed. Ingestion : Induce vomiting and follow with gastric lavage. Eyes : Flush with water for 15 mins. Skin : Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Shut off leaks if without risk, Contain the spillageon earth or sand. Dissolve in a combustible solvent such as alcohol, benzene etc. Burn in a furnace with an after burner and scrubber to neutralise Sulphur Dioxide..
8.
LC50 = 4420 ppm/4H (inh-rat). A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. A moderate explosion hazard, when exposed to spark or flame. Will react with water or steam to produce toxic and flammable vapours.
63
7.14 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF FORMALIN
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
FORMALDEHYDE (37% Solution)
Chemical Classification : Aliphatic Aldehyde
Synonyms: Formal, Fyde, Methanal, Methylaldehyde, Formalin.
Trade Name :
Formula
HCHO
C.A.S.NO.50-00-0
UN. No. 1198 / 2209
Shipping Name : Formaldehyde solution Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid Class 3,
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2 SE / 2 T HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Formaldehyde (37% Soln.) containing 10-15% Methanol C.A.S.NO. 50-00-0 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range Melting / Freezing Point
C C
96. -15
Physical State: Liquid
Appearance: Clear
Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent @ 35oC Not mm Hg Available ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.04 Solubility in water @ 30oC Miscible Others: Miscible with Alcohol, Acetone.
1.1 at at 25oC
pH
2.8 - 4.0
64
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
7 % 73 % 300 Stable Data not available
Not available 60
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes Yes
Irritating gaseous formaldehyde Will not occur with methanol added to the solution. Explosive Material No Corrosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No Others
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers, strong caustics, acids, phenols and urea. In air, it slowly oxidises to formic acid. It is a powerful reducing agent especially In the presence of alkali. Reacts vigorously with oxidisers, perchloric acid + aniline, Performic acid, nitro-methane, MgCO3, H2O2. Above 60oC explosive vapour-air mixture may be formed. .
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation. Ingestion, Skin & Eyes Inhalation : Causes coughing, chest pain, nausea, vomiting and affects respiratory system, kidney, liver. Ingestion: Causes nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and collapse. Skin contact: Causes severe irritation and dermatitis. Contact with Eyes: Causes irritation. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area. If swallowed and victim is conscious, give plenty of water and milk. If eyes or skin are affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. 800 mg/kg L.D50 1 SHC ppm 1.5 SHC mg/m3 1.5 SHC mg/m3 Flammability 2 Odour Threshold 2 ppm 4 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
1 SHC ppm
STEL
2 SHC ppm Reactivity/Stability 0
3 SHC mg/m3 Special
Health 2
65
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with Liquid or Vapours. Provide self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical goggles, protective overClothing, synthetic rubber or plastic gloves and shoes.
Keep away from heat, flame and oxidisers.
7.
FIRE
Water, Dry Chemical CO2 , Alcohol Foam. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. If eyes or skin are affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately.
Antidotes/Dosages
Not available
SPILLS Steps to be taken Absorb the spillage on sand or earth. Drench with water. Seal all the waste in vapour tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.
8.
A SUSPECTED HUMAN CARCINOGEN. When aqueous formaldehyde solutions are heated above the flash point, a potential explosion hazard exists. A fungicide. Gas is a more dangerous fire hazard than liquid.
66
7.15 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF FURFURAL
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
FURFURAL
Synonyms: Fural, Furfuraldehyde, 2-Furan Carbonal
Trade Name : Furfural
Formula C5H4O2
C.A.S.NO.98-01-1
UN. No. 1199
Shipping Name : Furfural Codes/Label : Combustible Liquid, Class 3 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2 SE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Furfural
C.A.S.NO. 98-01-1 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
C 161.7 C -38.7
Appearance : Amber Colour
Vapour pressure Odour: Almond @ 35oC mm Hg 1 mm Hg at 20oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.31 Solubility in water @ 30oC 8.3 g/100 ml at 20oC Others: Very soluble in alcohol , ether, Benzene
1.16
pH
67
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
2.1% 19.3% 316 Stable Stable
67 60
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability Auto ignition Temperature
Emits toxic gases & vapours. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Mineral acids & alkalies. Violent reaction with acids & alkalies
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material. Reactivity Hazardous Reaction. Products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin. Inhalation : Unlikely due to low volatility, irritation of throat, respiratory system, headache, lung congestion. Ingestion : Irritation of stomach, sore throat, vomiting, Diarrhea. Skin readily absorbs, stains yellow, dermatitis, eczema & skin sensitisation, eyes irritation, reddening, burning, lachrymation. Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air, give artificial respiration if breathing Has stopped. O2 if breathing is laboured. Ingestion: Give conscious victim water or milk to drink. Induce vomiting with Doctors advice. Keep warm and quiet. Skin: Remove the contaminated clothes immediately. Flush the affected area With plenty of water . Eyes : Wash eyes immediately with large amount of water or neutral saline Solution for at least 15 mins. Remove contact lenses if worn. In all the cases, seek for medical aid immediately. 127 mg/kg L.D50 2 ppm 8 mg/m3 8 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 0.25 ppm 40 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
L.D50
(Oral-Rat)
Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
2 ppm Health 2
STEL Flammability 2
10
ppm
68
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Splash proof goggles, self-contained breathing apparatus, totally encapsulated suit, rubber gloves, rubber boots, pant worn outside boots.
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated location away from heat and fire and sheltered from direct sunlight. Outside detached storage is preferred separately from other storage and away from oxidising materials & strong acids.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol foam, CO2 DCP.
Special Procedure
Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to fire. Violent reactions with acids and alkali.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air, give artificial respiration, if breathing stopped or O2 if breathing is laboured. Ingestion: Give conscious victim water or milk. Induce vomiting with doctors advice. Skin: Remove contaminated clothes immediately. Flush affected area with plenty of water. Eyes: Wash eyes with plenty of water for 15 mins. In all the cases, seek medical aid immediately. Not applicable.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Contain the leak in sand or earth or by absorbent paper to pick up the leak followed by soap & water washing. Dissolve in a combustible solvent and then spray the solution into the furnace burner.
8.
Although the vapour is quite irritating, inhalation of toxicologically significant quantities is unlikely, continuous absorption rates can be important. This is mainly used for solvent refining process in manufacturing of lubricating oils, resins etc.
69
7.16 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF GLYCERINE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name : GLYCERINE
Chemical Classification : Organic Compound
Synonyms: Glycerine Anhydrous, 1,2,3-Propanetriol, Glycerol, 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Trade Name : Glycerine
Formula
C3H8O3
C.A.S. NO.56-81-5
UN. No. Not listed
Shipping Name : Glycerine Codes/Label : Not listed
Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : Not listed HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Glycerine C.A.S.NO. 56-81-5 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 290
Appearance : Colourless, Yellow
o Melting / Freezing C 17.9 Vapour pressure Odour: Odourless Point @ 35oC 0.0025 mm Hg at 30 oC _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
3.17
Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble in all proportions
Others: Soluble in Ethyl Alcohol. in all proportions
1.261 at 20o C (Liq.)
pH
Neutral
70
3.

No LEL UEL Not pertinent Not pertinent 370 Stable Data not available Flash Point oC Flash Point oC 166.5 160 (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability Not listed Auto ignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No No
Emits acrid smoke and fumes. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidisers, Peroxides, Acetic Anhydride. Reacts violently with Acetic Anhydride, Aniline + Nitrobenzene, Ca (OCI)2, AgCIO4 Cr2O3 F2,Pb0, Phosphorous Triiodide, Ethylene Oxide + Heat, KMnO4 & KClO4 Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide is highly explosive. .
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin & Eyes. Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, causes mild headache, nausea, vomiting causes eye and skin irritation.. Eyes and skin: Wash with plenty of water. Ingestion: Induce vomiting. . Seek medical aid. 12600 mg/kg Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 mg/m3 Odour Threshold L.D50 Odourless ppm mg/m3
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) (Glycerine mist) NFPA Hazard Signals
ppm
10
STEL Flammability 1
Not listed
ppm Not listed mg/m3 Special
Health 1
Reactivity/Stability 0
71
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Compound is non-hazardous. Provide rubber gloves and goggles.
Keep away from heat, flame and oxidising agents.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol foam, Carbon dioxide, Dry Chemical Powder Water or foam may cause frothing. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame.
Special Procedure
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures Antidotes/Dosages
Not hazardous. None
SPILLS Steps to be taken Use absorbent paper to pick up spilled material. Wash well with water and soap. Seal all the waste in vapour-tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.
8.
Mixture with hydrogen peroxide is highly explosive. Mixture with nitric acid + sulphuric acid forms explosive glyceryl nitrate. Mixture with perchloric and lead oxide forms explosive perchlorate esters. Confined mixtures with chlorine explodes if heated to 70-80oC.
72
7.17 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HEXANE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name : N- HEXANE
Chemical Classification : Aliphatic Hydrocarbon
Synonyms: Gethysolve-B
Trade Name: Hexane
Formula : C6H14
C.A.S.NO.110-54-3
UN. NO. 1208
Shipping Name : Hexane, Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem code: 3YE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Hexane
C.A.S.NO. 110-54-3 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
69
Physical State : Liquid Vapour Pressure @ 35 oC mm Hg 180 mm Hg at 25oC Solubility in water @ 30 oC Not soluble
Appearance : Colourless, watery Odour: Gasoline like odour
C -95.6
Vapour Density (@ 20oC mm Hg)
2.97
Others: Miscible with chloroform, ether, alcohol.
0.659 at 20oC liquid
pH
: Neutral
73
3.

Yes LEL 1.2% Flash Point oC Flash Point oC NA (OC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability
3
o
UEL C
7.5% 225 Stable Explodes
- 21.7
(CC)
Emits acrid smoke and fumes. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable. Strong Oxidisers Reacts vigorously with oxidising materials Mixtures with dinitrogen tetraoxide may explode at 28oC
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material Reactivity Hazardous Reaction Products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Eyes & Skin Inhalation : Causes irritation of respiratory tract, cough, mild depression, cardiac arrhythmia. Aspiration : Causes severe lung irritation, coughing, pulmonary edema, excitement followed by depression. Ingestion: Causes nausea, vomiting, swelling of abdomen, headache, depression. Eyes & Skin: Causes irritation. Inhalation: Maintain respiration, give O2 if needed. Aspiration: Before bed rest, give O2 if needed. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Eyes: Wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Wipe of the affected area and wash with soap and water. For any type of exposure, immediately seek medical aid. mg/kg LD50 ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Flammability 3 Odour Threshold 60 ppm 210 mg/m3
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure / Symptoms
Emergency Treatment
28710
Not listed
50
ppm
180 Health 1
STEL Not listed
ppm mg/m3 Not listed Special
74
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours Provide face shield or safety goggles to protect the eyes, plastic or rubber hand gloves, eye wash facilities.
Store in a dry, cool, explosion proof area.
7.
FIRE
CO2 , Dry Chemical Powder, foam. Do not use water jet. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Maintain respiration, give oxygen if required. Aspiration: Before bed rest, give O2 if required. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Skin: Wipe off and wash the affected area with soap & water. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. For any type of exposure, seek medical aid immediately. N.A.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the leaking liquid on sand or earth. Wash the surface with water & soap. Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more more flammable solvent.
8.
Can cause motor neuropathy in exposed workers. May be irritating to the respiratory tract and narcotic in high concentrations. Inhalation of 5000 ppm for 1/6 hrs. produces marked vertigo parethesia in distal extremities. 2500-500 ppm produces muscle weakness, cold onset & polyneuropathy. 2000 ppm for 1/6 hrs. produces no symptoms. Dangerous if abused. An additive, permitted in food for human consumption. A very dangerous and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
75
7.18 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HYDRAZINE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
HYDRAZINE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Compound
Synonyms: Hydrazine, Anhydrous; Diamine
Trade Name
Formula H4 N2
C.A.S.NO.302-01-2
UN. NO. 2029
Shipping Name : Hydrazine Anhydrous Codes/Label : Flammable, Corrosive Liquid, Class 3 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 PE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Hydrazine
C.A.S.NO. 302-01-2 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
113.5oC
Physical State : Liquid Vapour pressure @ 35oC Not available 14.9 mm Hg at 25 oC
Appearance : Colourless, fuming liquid Odour: Ammoniacal Odour
M elting / Freezing 1.4oC Point ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.1 Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble Others Miscible with Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl and Iso-butyl Alcohol.s
1.008 @ 20oC (Liq.)
pH
: Alkaline
76
3.

Yes 3
o
LEL UEL C
4.7 100 270
% %
37.7
(OC)
Not Available (CC)
Explodes Explodes
Emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 Does not occur. Explosive Material Yes Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable at room temp. Decomposes if heated. Oxidisers, Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitric Acid, Metal Oxides / Acids and porous materials. Violent reaction with Benzene-Seleninic Acid or anhy.CO2 + Steel, Copper Oxide, Lead Oxide, Potassium Peroxodisulphate, Ruthenium (III) Chloride. Forms sensitive, explosive mixture with 2-Chloro-5-Methyl Nitrobenzene, Metal salts. {e.g. Cadmium Perchlorate, Copper Chlorate, Magnesium Nitrate (heat sensitive), Hg(I) & (II) Chlorites & Nitrates.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin and Eyes. Vapours can cause itching, swelling and blistering of eyelids, skin, nose and throat. The symptoms may be delayed for several hours. Temporary blindness may occur. Liquid causes a caustic-like burn, if not washed off at once. Ingestion or absorption through skin causes nausea, dizziness, headache. Severe exposure may cause death. For any type of exposure, seek medical aid immediately. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area. Observe for development of delayed symptoms. Keep the victim quiet. Ingestion: Induce vomiting. Give egg white or other emollient. Skin & Eyes: Wash with large amounts of water for at least 15 mins. mg/kg 0.1SHC mg/m3 (Sk) Odour Threshold 3-4 ppm 3.93-5.24 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
60
0.1 ppm (Skin)
0.1 (Skin) NFPA Hazard Signals
ppm 0.1SHC mg/m3 STEL Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 (Skin) Health Flammability Reactivity Special 3 3 2
77
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide self-contained breathing apparatus, Ammonia like gas mask, rubber or plastic hand gloves, over clothing, side covered safety glasses, shoes and safety shower nearby.
Strict precautions are to be observed for storage. Should be stored in sealed glass containers, in a cool and dark place, away from heat flame and other materials.
7.
FIRE
Water, Alcohol resistant Foam, CO2 , Dry Chemical Powder. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat, fire or flame. Explodes if confined & flashback may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
For any type of exposure, seek medical aid immediately. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area. Observe for development of delayed symptoms. Keep the victim quiet. Ingestion : Induce vomiting, give egg white or other emollient. Skin & Eyes : Wash with large amount of water for at least 15 mins. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk, Contain the spillage on sand or earth. Dilute with water to produce at least 40% solution. Neutralise with dilute sulphuric acid. Drain into sewer with abundant water.
8.
LC50 = 570 ppm/4H(inh-rat). The compound is CORROSIVE AND SUSPECTED HUMAN CARCINOGEN (SHC). Severe explosion hazard, when exposed to heat or flame or by chemical reaction. Explodes on contact with Barium / Calcium Compounds (at 130oC). Potentially explosive reaction with alkali metals. Forms explosive mixture with Methanol + Nitromethane, air Lithium Perchlorate, Sodium Perchlorate and Sodium. Ignites on contact with cotton waste + heavy metals, Di-nitrogen Oxide, Rhenium + Alumina. Nitric Acid, H2O2. Ignites spontaneously in air. Full instructions to be obtained from the Manufacturers. IT IS VERY SENSITIVE AND MUST NOT BE USED WITHOUT FULL AND COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE MANUFACTURERS FOR HANDLING, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL. On contact with metal catalysts, it decomposes to NH3, H2 and N2 which may ignite or explode. Violent reaction with 1-Chloro2, 4-Dinitrobenzene, Oxidants and Thiocynate.
78
7.19 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Hydrochloric Acid
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Acid
Synonyms: Muratic Acid
Trade Name: Muratic Acid
Formula: HCL
C.A.S.NO. 7647-01-0
UN. NO. 1789
Shipping Name : Codes/Label : Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code : 2R
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. HCL
C.A.S.NO. 7647-01-0 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
o o
C -84.8 C -114.3
Physical State : Fuming liquid/gas
Appearance : colourless
Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent @ 35oC mm Hg 4 atm Hg at 17.8 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.27 Solubility in water @ 30oC soluble Others
pH: Acidic
79
3.

No LEL UEL Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable. Flash Point oC Not applicable Flash Point oC Not applicable (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability No Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No
Not applicable Will not polymerise Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
Corrosive Material Yes Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Reacts explosively with Potassium Permanganate, Sodium, Tetraselenium tetranitride is also explosive. Reacts rapidly with Bases Nil
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Inhalation: The major effects of acute exposure to HCL are usually limited to upper Respiratory tract. Exposure to the gas causes cough, burning of the throat and larynx and Choking feeling, inflammation and ulceration of the nose, throat and larynx. Exposure to Higher concentration may cause laryngeal spasm, and oedema of the lungs and vocal Cords. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause dental decolouration and erosion. Gastritis and chronic bronchitis have also been reported in exposed workers. Giddiness, Mental confusion and nausea. Skin contact: Cause skin burns and may produce keloid and rectile scarring. Facial burns May result in serious and disfiguring scars. Frequent contact with dilute acid may cause Dermatitis and photo-senstisation may result from industrial contact. Eye Contact: Hydrochloric acid is a strong eye irritant and contact with the acid may Cause burns, reduced vision and total blindness. Ingestion: Ingestion of HCL causes severe burns and corrosion of mouth esophagus and Stomach. Symptom include dysphasia, pain, nausea, vomiting , Diarrhea and thirst. Circulatory collapse may occur and ingestion may lead to fatal effects from esophageal Or gastric necrosis. Eye: Wash eye with flowing water for 10 minutes. Lung: Remove casualty from area of exposure. If unconscious, do not give anything to Drink, give artificial ventilation, chest compression or place in the recovery position, if Conscious give oxygen if available. Mouth : Do not make the casualty vomit. Treat unconscious casualty as for lungs. Skin: Remove contaminated clothing immediately, drench the affected area with running Water for at least 10 minutes. In all cases of exposure, the patient should be transferred to Hospital as soon as possible. L.D50
Symptoms Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat)
80
Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
ppm
mg/m3 mg/m3
Odour Threshold
ppm
mg/mg3 mg/m3
5 ppm 7
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health
Flammability
Reactivity
Special
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Approved respirator, Safety goggles, neoprene, viton or butyl rubber glove and acid resistant outer clothing , mechanical exhaust. It should be handled wearing an approved and appropriate personal protective equipment as indicated above. It should be kept in a cool well ventilated place, away from oxidising materials and protected against physical damage.
7.
FIRE
Hydrochloric acid is not combustible, so an extinguisher appropriate to the surrounding fire condition should be used.
Unusual Hazards EXPOSURE First Aid Measures Antidotes/Dosages: As described in health hazard data.
SPILLS Steps to be take Cover the spill with sodium bi-carbonate or a 50-50 mixture of soda ash- calcium hydroxide and slowly & carefully mix to a slurry. If highly concentrated acid is spilled, the first priority is to contain by dyking and dilute with water spray to reduce fuming before neutralisation.
Waste Disposal Method: Ventilate the area and wear personal protective equipment. Add slowly to a large amount of soda ash and slaked lime by stirring. Discharge the solution with large amount of water into a sink lined with protective matting and filled with chipped marbles. Carefully scoop up and wash down the drain with plenty of running water. Allow 2-3 minutes between each stage as heat is generated by neutralisation.
81
7.20 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HYDROFLUORIC ACID
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Acid
Synonyms: Hydro-fluoride, Hydrogen Fluoride, Fluohydric Acid
Trade Name :
Formula
HF
C.A.S.NO.7664-39-3
UN. No. 1790
Shipping Name : Hydrofluoric Acid Solution Codes/Label : Corrosive, Poison, Class-8
Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : 4 WE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Hydrofluoric Acid C.A.S.NO. 7664-39-3 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 19.54
Appearance : Colourless to Green
o Melting / Freezing C -83.1 Vapour pressure @ 35 oC Odour: Irritation Odour Point 400 mm Hg @ 2.5oC. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
1.27
Solubility in water @ 30oC Very Soluble
Others:
1.19
pH
Acidic
82
3.

No
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A. Auto ignition Temperature
Emits highly corrosive fumes of F. Does not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Metals, concrete, glass, ceramics & cast iron. Will attack natural rubber, leather, Many organic materials. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic & corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with AS2O3,P2O3, Acetic Anhydride, 2-Amino Ethanol, NH4OH, HBi03, Bismuthic Acid, CaO, Chloro-sulfonic Acid. Toxic and irritating fumes are evolved on reaction with water or steam.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Eyes & Skin. A human poison by inhalation, corrosive, irritant to skin, eyes (at 0.05 mg/L) and mucous membrane. Inhalation : Causes ulcers of upper respiratory tract. Acid produces severe skin burns which are slow healing. If ingested, give plenty of water & milk. Do not induce vomiting. If skin & eyes are affected, flush with plenty of water. If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area & provide artificial respiration. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposure. Not listed mg/Kg Odour Threshold Not ppm Not Available Available STEL Not listed mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
3 (Ceiling) ppm 2.5 (Ceiling) mg/m3 3 (Ceiling) ppm 2.5 (Celing) mg/m3 Health 4
ppm Not listed mg/m3 Special
Flammability 0
83
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide chemical protective suit with self-contained breathing apparatus, Face mask, shower and eye wash equipment should be available easily.
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area. Dangerous storage hazard with Nitric Acid + Lactic Acid, Nitric Acid + Propylene Glycol (mixtures evolve gas which may burst a sealed container).
7.
FIRE
Not Flammable Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flammable gas may be produced on contact with metal.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If ingested, give plenty of milk & water. If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. If skin & eyes are affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the leaking liquid on sand or earth. Add slowly to a large amount of soda ash and slaked lime by stirring. Discharge the solution with large amount of water Into a sink lined with protective matting and filled with Chipped marbles.
Waste Disposal Method ,
8.
Explosive with Cyanogen Fluoride, Glycol + Nitric Acid, Sodium (with Aqueous Acid), Methanesulfonic Acid (evolves Oxygen Difluoride which explodes).
84
7.21 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HYDROGEN
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
HYDROGEN
Synonyms: Liquid Hydrogen, Para Hydrogen, Hydrogen(Compressed)
Trade Name : Hydrogen
Formula H2
C.A.S.NO.1333-74-0
UN. NO. 1049
Shipping Name : Hydrogen, Compressed gas, Codes/Label : Flammable Gas, Class 2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 SE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Hydrogen
C.A.S.NO. 1333-74-0 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C -252.8
Physical State : Gas
o Melting / Freezing C -259.18 Vapour pressure N.A. Odour: Odourless Point @ 35oC mm Hg ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
0.069
Solubility in water @ 30oC Slightly soluble
Others
0.0899
pH
Not Pertinent
85
3.

Yes 2
o
LEL UEL C
4.1% 74.2% 400 Stable Explodes
NP NP
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No
None Does not occur. Explosive Material Yes Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Reacts vigorously with oxidising materials (Bromine, Chlorine etc.) No chemical reaction with common materials but low temperature causes most materials to become very brittle. Violent reaction on ignition with air + catalyst (platinum etc ) Bromine, Iodine, Di-oxane + Nickel, Lithium, Nitrogen Tri-fluoride, Nickel + Oxygen, Oxygen Di-fluoride, Pet. + Isopropyl Alcohol It forms sensitive explosive mixtures with Bromine, Chlorine, Iodine Hepta-fluoride, Chlorine Dioxide.
Hazardous Reaction. Products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Skin, Inhalation If atmosphere does not contain enough oxygen, inhalation causes dizziness, unconsciousness or even death. Contact with eyes or skin of liquid H2 causes freezing similar to burn. Inhalation : If victim is unconscious (due to deficiencies), move him to fresh air area And apply resuscitation method. Eyes and skin: Treat for frostbite. Soak the skin in Lukewarm water. Seek medical aid. L.D50 mg/m3 mg/m3 Health 0 Odour Threshold Odourless ppm Odourless mg/mg3 Not listed mg/m3 Special
L.D50 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
Not listed ppm
ppm
STEL
Not listed
ppm Reactivity 0
NFPA Hazard Signals
Flammability 4
86
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or gas. Provide safety goggles, face shield, insulated gloves and long sleeves, trousers Worn over high top shoes to shed spilled liquid, self-contained breathing Apparatus containing air (never use oxygen). Store in a cool, fire-proof, with ventilated area, separated from other cylinders, preferably in open air.
7.
FIRE
Stop flow of gas, let fire burn under control.
Special Procedure
Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : If victim is unconscious (due to O2 deficiency), move him to fresh air area and apply resuscitation method. Eyes & Skin : Treat for frostbite, soak the skin in LukeWarm water. Seek medical aid. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Explosion hazard. To be burnt under control condition.
8.
Practically no toxicity, except that it is an asphyxiant. Highly dangerous fire and severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat and flame and oxidisers. Flammable and explosive when mixed with air, O2, Cl2. Vigorous exothermic reactions with Benzene + Reney Nickel Catalyst, metals (like Strontium, Potassium, Barium-above 300oC) ventilate at highest points.
87
7.22 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE
Synonyms: Sulphuretted Hydrogen
Trade Name :
Formula
H2S
C.A.S.NO.7783-06-4
UN. No. 1053
Shipping Name : Hydrogen Sulphide, Liquefied. Codes/Label : Flammable Gas, Class 2 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : 2 W E
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Hydrogen Sulfide
C.A.S.NO. 7783-06-4 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
C C
-60.4 -82.8
Vapour pressure Odour: Odour of rotton eggs @ 35oC 15200 mm Hg at 25.5oC ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.189 Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble Others: Soluble in Glycerol, ethyl alcohol, Crude oil and alkalies.
0.916 at - 60 oC Liquid
pH
Not pertinent
88
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
4% 46% 260 Stable Not available
Flash Point oC Flash Point oC -
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No Yes No
Emits highly toxic fumes of SOx. Does not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidisers, Metals. Vigorous reaction with metal powders, incandescent reaction with Chromium Tri-oxide. Reacts violently with NI3NF3, P-Bromo-benzene-diazonium Chloride, Acetaldehyde etc. Mixture of Hydrogen sulphide and air may explode violently. Reacts with 4-Bromobenzenediazonium Chloride to form an explosive product.
Hazardous Reaction products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, skin & eyes Inhalation : If high concentrations are inhaled, hypernoea & respiratory paralysis may occur. Very high concentration may produce pulmonary edema. Skin & eyes: Causes severe irritation. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, provide artificial respiration or Oxygen if needed. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing & wash the affected area with plenty of water & soap. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available mg/Kg L.D50 10 ppm 14 mg/m3 14 mg/m3 Health 3 Odour Threshold 0.0047 ppm 0.0065 mg/m3 21 mg/m3 Special
10 ppm
STEL
15 ppm Reactivity/Stability 0
Flammability 4
89
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with gas. Provide rubber framed side covered goggles, approved respirator, rubber hand gloves, over-clothing and shoes.
Keep in a cool, dry well ventilated area, away from oxidising agents.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol foam, CO2, DCP. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, Provide artificial respiration or oxygen if needed. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks, if without risk.
If in the liquid form, allow to vapourise. In case of gas Leakage, pass through FeCl3 solution with a trap in line for prevention of back siphoning. Place cylinder in or near hood and leave bleed off.
8.
LC50 = 444 ppm (ihl-rat). Extremely hazardous, poisonous and flammable gas. An asphyxiant. Low concentration of 20150 ppm causes irritation of eyes. Slightly higher concentrations may cause irritation of upper respiratory tract. Exposures of 800-1000 ppm may be fatal in 30 mins. Higher concentrations are instantly fatal. H2S poisoning may occur even more rapidly than that of HCN. Potentially explosive reaction with Copper + Oxygen. Explosive reaction when heated with Perchloryl Fluoride (above 100 oC), oxygen (above 280oC). Explodes when in contact OF2, NC13, Br2F5, CIF3, C12O & Silver Fulminate.
90
7.23 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ISOBUTYLENE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Isobutylene
Synonyms: Isobutene
Trade Name: Isobutylene
Formula: (CH3) 2C=CH2 Regulated Identification Shipping Name : Isobutylene Codes/Label
C.A.S.NO. 115-11-7
UN. NO. 1055
: Flammable gas, Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code : HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. 90-100% Isobutylene C.A.S.NO. 115-11-7 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
-7
Appearance : Colourless gas
Vapour pressure Odour: @ 35oC mm Hg 1370 mm Hg at 10 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.01 Solubility in water @ 30oC Insoluble Others
C -140
O.6 at 15.6oC
pH:
91
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.8 % 9.6% 465
Flash Point oC Flash Point oC -76
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No N.A.
Smoke, CO, Aldehydes and other products of incomplete combustion. Does not occur Explosive Material Yes Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
Corrosive Material : No Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material is normally stable at moderately elevated temp. and pressures. Avoid materials which liberate oxygen. Strong oxidising agent, Halogens, Halogenated compounds, molten sulphur, organic & inorganic acids. Air contamination causes peroxide formation. As in Fire & Explosion hazard Data.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Vomiting, eye irritation, burn and blistering of the skin, labored breathing.
Oral: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious give 2 glasses of water. Get immediate medical help. Eye: Flush with water for 15 minutes. Get medical help if eye irritation persists. Skin: Wash with soap and water. Immediately remove contaminated clothing. Get medical help, if irritation develops. Launder contaminated clothes before reuse. Do not use hot water, flush with luke warm water. Get immediate medical help, if burn has resulted in blistering of the dermal surface or deep tissue freezing. Inhalation: Remove exposed person to fresh air if adverse effects are observed. If breathing is laboured, administer oxygen. If breathing stopped, apply artificial respiration.
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Odour Threshold
L.D50 ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3
ppm
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health
Flammability
Reactivity
Special
92
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Explosion proof equipment, Neoprene gloves, Chemical safety goggles, Face shield, approved respirator, Self contained breathing apparatus , Long sleeve shift, Chemical protective apron, Nitrile rubber boots. Keep material away from heat, sparks, static electricity and open flame. Open container in a ventilated area. Avoid breathing vapours. Keep containers close when not in use. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not expose containers to heat ,flame spark or other sources of ignition. Do not store near potential sources of ignition. Isolated outside storage is preferred. Inside storage area should in a flammable liquids cabinet or storage area.
7.
FIRE
Carbon di-oxide, dry chemical powder, water can be used to cool and protect the exposed material. Recommended wearing self contained breathing apparatus . Stop flow of gas when escaping gas is burning. Water may cause splattering. Material will float on water. Material can readily volatilise even below room temperature to form an explosive vapour air mixture. Toxic fumes, gases or vapours may evolve on burning. Vapours may be heavier than air and may travel along the ground to a distant ignition source and flash back. Container may rupture on heating. Explained in emergency treatment.
Special Procedures
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken May form explosive mixtures with air. Immediately evacuate all personnel from danger area. PPE must be worn. Eliminate all sources of heat, sparks pilot light, static electricity and open flames. Ventilate spill area. Prevent entry into sewers and water ways. Allow to evaporate .
93
7.24 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF LPG
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
Chemical Classification : Hydrocarbon Mixture
Synonyms: LPG, Propane, Butane, Propylene, Purofax, Bottled Gas.
Trade Name : LPG
Formula
C3H8, C4H10 (Mixture)
C.A.S.NO. 68476-85-7
UN. No. 1075
Shipping Name: Petroleum Gases, Liquefied. Codes/Label : Flammable, Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2 W E HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Propane C.A.S.NO. 74-98-6 3. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Propylene C.A.S.NO. 115-07-1
2.
Butane
106-97-8
4.
2.
Physical State : Gas at 15 oC Appearance : Colourless and 1 atm. o Melting / Freezing C Not Vapour pressure Odour: Mercaptan added as an odouriser Point Pertinent @ 35oC Not mm Hg. available ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Boiling Point/Range C >-40 Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.5 Solubility in water @ 30oC Slight Others: Soluble in Organic Solvents, Alcohol
0.51-0.58 at 50oC
pH
Not pertinent
94
3.

Yes 2
o
LEL UEL C
1.9% 9.5%
- 104.4
(OC) (CC)
466.1 Propane, 405 Butane Not established May explode.
Emits CO, CO2 Does not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong Oxidisers.
No reaction with common materials but may react with oxidising materials. Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin. Concentration in air greater than 10% causes dizziness in few minutes. 1% conc. gives the same symptoms in 10 mts. High concentration causes asphyxiation. Liquid on skin causes frostbite. If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Provide artificial resuscitation. Skin: Remove the wetted clothes & wash the affected area with plenty of water. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not listed mg/kg Odour Threshold L.D50 5000 to 20000 ppm mg/m3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
Not ppm Not listed mg/m3 listed 1000 ppm Health 1 1800 mg/m3
STEL
Not listed ppm
Not listed Special
Flammability 4
95
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or gas. Provide hand gloves, safety goggles, gas mask, protective over-clothing and shoes.
Keep in tightly closed cylinders in a cool, well ventilated area, away from heat, flame, sparks.
7.
FIRE
CO2 , Dry Chemical Powder, Water Spray. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to fire or heat. Ifnot cooled sufficiently, containers will explode in fire.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If inhaled, remove the victim to open air area & artificial resuscitation may be provided if required. If skin is affected with the liquid, remove the clothing & wash the affected area with plenty of water. Seek medical aid. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Warn everybody that air mixture is explosive. Allow gas to burn under control.
8.
Avoid contact with oxidisers. Olefinic impurities may lead to narcotic effect or it may act as a simple asphyxiant. A very dangerous hazard when exposed to heat or flame. If fire is big, keep surrounding areas cool by spraying water.
96
7.25 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Maleic Anhydride
Chemical Classification : Organic Anhydride
Synonyms: Cis-Butenedioic Anhydride, 2,5 Furandione
Trade Name: Maleic Anhydride
Formula: HCCHCOOCO Regulated Identification
C.A.S.NO. 108-31-6
UN. NO. 2215
Shipping Name : Maleic anhydride Codes/Label : Corrosive, Class 8 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2X
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Maleic Anhydride
C.A.S.NO. 108-31-6
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
202
Physical State : Solid
Appearance : White needles or powder
Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent @ 35oC mm Hg 0.1 mm Hg at 20 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density 3.3 (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble Others Soluble in ether and acetone
52.8
1.30 at 70oC
pH: Acidic
97
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.4 % 7.1% 421
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization N.A.
Emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Does not occur. Monomer can undergo uncontrolled co-polymerisation In presence of other monomers and catalysts. At temperatures above 150 Deg C Alkali metal ions and amines can trigger a rapid decomposition and polymerisation reaction producing heat & gas and may cause the equipment to rupture. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide Yes No No Corrosive Material : Yes Others
No Yes No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material is normally stable at moderately elevated temp. and pressures. This material may react with water in a non-violent reaction with some release of heat. Material is incompatible with water, alkalis, oxidising agents, Amines, Alkali metals Polymerisation catalysts and accelerators.
Chemical Stability
Incompatibility with other material Reactivity Hazardous Reaction Products
Smoke, Carbon monoxide, Aldehydes, and other products of incomplete combustion.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Oral toxicity, Eye irritation, Skin irritation, Dermal toxicity, Inhalation toxicity, Respiratory irritation, Dermal sensitization, Inhalation sensitization. Oral Toxicity: Cause irritation of the gastro-intenstinal lining, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Eye Irritation : Corrosive to eyes. Skin Irritation : Corrosive to skin. Inhalation Toxicity : High concentration can cause headaches, dizziness, weakness and nausea. Prolonged or repeated exposures can cause chronic bronchitis. Respiratory Irritation : Nose, throat & lung irritation, prolonged or repeated exposure can result damage to the tissues of nose & upper respiratory tract. Skin : Immediately wash in flowing water for 15 minutes, remove contaminated cloth, Discard shoes and other leather articles. Eye : Flush immediately with water for 15 minutes. Inhalation : Remove exposed person to fresh air. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen. If breathing stopped, apply artificial respiration. If irritation persists or if toxic symptoms are observed, get medical attention. Oral : Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, give two glasses of water and get immediate medical attention to perform gastric lavage. 481 mg/kg L.D50
Routes of Entry
Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms
Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat)
98
Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
0.25
ppm 1 mg/m3 mg/m3
Odour Threshold
25
ppm
mg/mg3 mg/m3
0.25
ppm 1
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 3
Flammability 1
Reactivity 2
Special
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Heat protective gloves, Face shield, Approved full face piece respirator, chemical protective suit.
Personal Protective Equipment. Handling and Storage Precautions
Keep containers closed when not in use. Avoid creating dust. Maintain good housekeeping. Wash thoroughly after handling, Launder contaminated cloth before reuse Empty container retain material residue. Do not cut, weld, braze, solder, drill etc.
7.
FIRE

Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedures Unusual Hazards Flood with water. Recommend wearing self contained breathing apparatus . Volatile solid which give off flammable vapours when molten. Keep material away from heat, spark, pilot lights, static electricity and open flame. May form explosive dust air mixtures. Use inert gas atm or ground process equipment. Mentioned under health hazard data Not available
EXPOSURE
SPILLS Steps to be taken Pick up free solids for recycle and/or disposal. Sweep all the spilled material avoiding dust formation for recycle/ disposal. Wash the surface with soap and water. Dissolve in a flammable solvent and burn in a furnace with after burner. Soak in paper or other flammable material and burn in a furnace.
8.
When suspended in air in finely devided condition , it is capable of forming explosive mixture with air. Condensers in which sublimed material settles in the form of fone crystals should be situated in a safe position outside an occupied room.
99
7.26 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF METHANOL

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Methanol
Chemical Classification : Methanol, Wood alcohol, Carbinol, Wood naphtha, GE material
Synonyms: Methyl Alcohol, carbinol, Wood alcohol
Trade Name: Methanol
Formula: CH3OH Regulated Identification
C.A.S.NO. 67-56-1 Shipping Name : Codes/Label Methanol,
UN. NO. 1230
: Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2PE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. 99.8% Methyl Alcohol C.A.S.NO. 67-56-1 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. 100% Methlyl Alcohol C.A.S.NO. 67-56-1,F003,U154
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 64.5
Appearance : Clear Colourless
Melting / Freezing --97.8 oC Vapour pressure Odour: Alcohol Point @ 21.2oC mm Hg 100 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density 1.1 (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 30oC Totally miscible Others: Fully soluble in halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols ,ketones and esters.
0.791
pH: N.A.
100
3.

Yes LEL UEL 5.5 % 36.5% 465 stable Vapour is explosive Flash Point oC Flash Point oC 16.1 12.2 (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization
Smoke, CO, Aldehyde & other products. Does not occur. Keep away the material from heat spark, pilot lamps, Static electricity, isolated outside storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a flammable liquid cabinet or storage area. Explosive Material Yes Oxidiser No No Corrosive Material : No Others Nil
Yes Yes No
Organic Peroxide
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable under normal storage and use conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization. Acids, Oxidising agents, Not available. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents such as nitrates, perchlorates or sulphuric acid. Oxidation in air include oxides of carbon and nitrogen.
Chemical Stability
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion. Ingestion can produce blindness. Symptoms of over-exposure include dizziness, visual impairment, nausea, respiratory failure, muscular in-coordination and narcosis. Repeated skin contact will cause dermatitis, erythema and scaling. Ingestion of 100 to 250 ml can be fatal. Remove contaminated clothing & wash affected area with soap & water and apply skin lotion. Irrigate with running water for 15 minutes. Remove victim to fresh air and prevent further exposure for 7 days. Give 3 glasses milk, water or 4% sodium bicarbonate, gastric lavage by medical personnel.
Emergency Treatment
More than 5000 mg/1 kg 200 ppm (skin) mg/m3 mg/m3
L.D50 Odour Threshold ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3
200
ppm
260
STEL 250
ppm 328
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 2
Flammability 3
Reactivity 0
Special
101
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Rubber gloves, apron, boots and face shield should be used where splashing may occur safety goggles, breathing apparatus.
Store in well ventilated fire proof area, away from sources of heat, open flame and ignition. No smoking in areas of storage. Avoid prolong breathing of vapour or contact with skin. Avoid contact with eyes. This material is poisonous when introduced into body metabolism. Do not ingest.
7.
FIRE

Fire Extinguishing Media CO2, DCP, Alcohol foam. Water can be used to cool and protect the exposed material. Recommend wearing self contained breathing apparatus. Water may be in-effective in fighting fires. Toxic fumes, gases or vapours may evolve on burning, vapours may be heavier than air and may travel along the ground to a distant ignition source and flash back. Container may rupture on heating. Skin : Wash with soap & water. Immediately remove contaminated clothing before reuse. Eye : Flush immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. Get immediate medical attention. Inhalation : Remove the exposed person to the fresh air. If breathing has stopped, apply artificial respiration. If the irritation persists or if the toxic symptoms are observed, get medical attention. Oral : If conscious, give several glasses of water and induce vomiting. get immediate medical attention. In the victims displaying signs of central nervous system depression do not induce vomiting. Additonal : Note to physician : Treat symptomatically. Baking soda in a glass of water
Special Procedures
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken May form explosive mixtures with air. Immediately evacuate all personnel from danger area. PPEs must be worn. Eliminate all sources of heat, sparks, pilot lights, static electricity and open flames. Ventilate spill area. Prevent entry into sewers and waterways. Pick up free liquid for recycle and / or disposal. It can be accomplished safely by explosion proof equipment. Residual liquid can be absorbed on inert material. Spray into a furnace, incineration will become easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent..
8.
A human poison by ingestion. Poison also by skin contact. The main toxic effect is extended to the nervous system, particularly optic nerves & retina, which may lead to permanent blindness. Once absorbed, it is slowly eliminated. coma by severe exposure may last for 2-4 days. Persons with eye, liver, kidney & lung problems should avoid contact. Periodic medical check up is recommended. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, and oxidisers.
102
7.27 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF METHYL ETHYL KETONE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
Synonyms: 2- Butanone, Butan-2-one, Methyl Propanone , Ethyl methyl Ketone, MEK Formula CH3 COCH2CH3 C.A.S.NO.78-93-3
Trade Name : MEK
UN. No. 1193
Shipping Name : Methyl Ethyl Ketone Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 2 YE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Methyl Ethyl Ketone C.A.S.NO. 78-93-3 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
o o
79.57
Vapour pressure Odour: Somewhat pungent @ 35oC mm Hg 100 mm Hg at 25oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.41 Solubility in water @ 30oC 26.3 gm/100 mg. Others Soluble in all common organic solvents.
C - 87
0.805 at 20oC
pH
103
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.8% 12 % 460 Stable Stable
-2 -4
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability 3.2 Auto ignition Temperature
N.A. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable but can form peoxides on prolonged storage which may be explosive Oxidising agent. Reacts violently with oleum, caustic, ammonia, aldehyde or amines. Not unusual. .
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Skin, Inhalation & eyes Inhalation: Coughing, shortness of breath, headache, irritation of respiratory tract. Ingestion : Irritation of digestive tract, nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness (Highly toxic). Skin: Causes defatting and burning. Eyes: Irritation and burning. Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air, give artificial respiration if breathing has stopped.. O2 if breathing is laboured. Ingestion: Give plenty of water to conscious victim and induce vomiting. Skin: Wash the affected area with water and remove contaminated clothing. Eyes: Irrigate eyes with plenty of water. 3.4 g/kg L.D50 (skin rabbit) : 6g/kg 200 ppm 590 mg/m3 200 ppm 590 mg/m3 Health 1 Odour Threshold 10 ppm 29.49 mg/m3 885 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
L.D50
(Oral-Rat)
STEL Flammability 3
300 ppm
104
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Provide self-contained breathing apparatus and full protection clothing, goggles or face shield; neoprene or rubber gloves, high rubber boots, pant worn outside the boots.
Should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place away from source of ignition and heat.
7.
FIRE
Foam, DCP, CO2 Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flush back along vapour-trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air, give artificial respiration, if breathing has stopped and oxygen if breathing is laboured. Ingestion : Give plenty of water to conscious victim and induce vomiting. Skin :Wash affected area with water and remove contaminated clothing. Eyes: Wash eyes with plenty of water.
Antidotes/Dosages N.A.
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Absorb the spillage in sand or earth. Do not divert it to drain. Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more flammable solvent.
8.
MEK has a low toxicity following both acute and chronic exposure. Prolonged exposure may produce CNS depression and narcosis. MEK is highly inflammable and is prone to fire-hazard.
105
7.28 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
Chemical Classification : Aliphatic Ketone
Synonyms: Hexone, Isopropyl Acetone, MIBK 4-Methyl - 2- Pentanone
Trade Name :
Formula C6 H12 O
C.A.S.NO.108-10-1
UN. No. 1245
Shipping Name : Methyl Isobutyl Ketone Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid Class 3 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 3 YE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
C.A.S.NO. 108-10-1
C.A.S.NO.
2.
C C
116.2 -84
Vapour pressure Odour: Camphor Odour. @ 35oC 16 mm Hg at 20 oC ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.45 Solubility in water @ 30oC Moderately Soluble Others: Miscible with Alcohol, Benzene and Ether.
0.802 at 20oC Liquid
pH
Not pertinent
106
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.4 % 7.5 % 458.8 Stable Explodes
23.8 22.7
(OC) (CC)
Emits irritating fumes. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Air, Strong Oxidisers. Can react vigorously with Oxidisers and also with reducing materials. May form explosive peroxides upon exposure to air. .
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation. Ingestion, Skin & Eyes Vapour causes irritation of eyes and nose. High concentration can cause anaesthesis and depression. Liquid dries out on the skin and may cause dermatitis. Irritates eyes but does not injure them. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area. Provide artificial respiration. Skin : Remove wetted clothes and wash the affected area thoroughly with water and soap until irritation stops. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. 2080 mg/Kg L.D50 (skin rabbit) 50 ppm 205 mg/m3 205 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 0.47 ppm 1.93 mg/m3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
50 ppm
STEL Flammability 3
75
ppm
300 Special
Health 2
107
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide organic canister or air-pack rubber hand gloves, safety goggles / face Shield, body overclothing and shoes.
Keep in a cool, dry, well ventilated area away from heat, flame, oxidisers and reducing agents.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol Foam, Dry Chemical Powder CO2. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along the vapour may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation :Remove the victim to fresh air area, apply artificial respiration and oxygen if needed. Skin : Remove the wetted cloths and wash the affected area thoroughly with plenty of water and soap until irritation stops. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 30 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the spillage in sand or earth. Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more flammable solvent.
8.
LC50 = 8000 ppm / 4 H (ihl-rat). A very systemic irritant by inhalation. Narcotic in high concentrations. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidisers. Ignites on contact on contact with potasium-tert-butoxide.
108
7.29 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF MTBE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether
Chemical Classification : Ether
Synonyms: Alkyl ether
Trade Name: MTBE
Formula: CH3OC(CH3) 3
C.A.S.NO. 1634-04-4
UN. NO. 1149
Shipping Name : MTBE Codes/Label : Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code : HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether C.A.S.NO. 1634-04-4 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
F C
53 -77
Vapour pressure Odour: Terpene like @ 35oC mm Hg 245 mm Hg at 20 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.1 Solubility in water @ 30oC Moderate Others
0.747
pH:
109
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.6% 8.4% 435 Not available Not Available
Flash Point oC Flash Point oF -9
(OC) (CC)
Nil Does not occur Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
Corrosive Material No Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Not available Not available Fire hazard. Nil
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Inhalation: May cause signs of central nervous depression such as headaches, dizziness, loss of appetite, weakness and loss of co-ordination. Skin contact: Repeated contact may cause skin to become dry or cracked from defatting Action of this material. Eye Contact: May cause irritation upon direct contact.
Symptoms Emergency Treatment Flush with low pressure water for at least 15 minutes. Obtain medical help immediately. Remove from contaminated to fresh air . Do not induce vomiting- aspiration into lungs May cause chemical pneumonia. 3865 mg/kg ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3
ppm
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health
Flammability
Reactivity
Special
110
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Chemical type goggles, face mask, respiratory equipment approved by NIOSH/MESA
Avoid repeated skin contact, practice good personal hygiene, such as frequent cleaning with soap water. Keep away from sparks, open flame and heat. All electrical equipment should be suitable for atmosphere containing MTBE.
7.
FIRE
Use dry chemical powder, foam or carbon dioxide. For fires involving this material, do not enter any enclosed or confined fire space without proper protective equipment including self contained breathing apparatus. Flammable vapours are released at standard conditions which Can form explosive mixture with air. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Eye contact: Flush with water for at least 15 min. and obtain medical attention immediately. Prompt attention is essential. Not available
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken Stop flow of product. Remove all sources of ignition. Contain spill Using sand or absorbent material. Run-off to sewer may create Explosion hazard. Recover or inject in combustion system such as boilers or flare system.
111
7.30 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF NMP

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: N-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidone
Chemical Classification : Ketone, Alicylic Amine
Synonyms: 1-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidone, M-Pyrol
Trade Name: NMP
Formula C5H9 NO Regulated Identification Shipping Name : NMP Codes/Label
C.A.S.NO. 872-50-4
UN. NO.
: Flammable liquid, Class3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code : HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. N-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidone C.A.S.NO. 872-50-4 2. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
202
Appearance : Pale yellow
Vapour pressure Odour: Amine Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 0.29mm Hg at 20 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.4 Solubility in water @ 30oC soluble Others Soluble in Acetone Ether and Castor oil
- 23
!.026 at 25oC
pH: 7.7 8.0 @ 10% solution
112
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.3 % 9.5 % 270
96 86
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No Toxic oxides of Carbon and Nitrogen Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
Yes No No
Corrosive Material: No Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Polymerisation has been reported to occur under normal temperature. Strong oxidisers,acids Fire & Explosion hazard. Toxic oxides of carbon and nitrogen
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Inhalation: Chronic exposure to very high vapour concentration may cause headache, giddiness, mental confusion and nausea. Inhalation of very high concentrations may Cause mucous membrane irritation, Headache, Giddiness, Mental confusion and nausea. Ingestion: Acute exposure may cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Skin contact: Prolong contact has reported to cause severe dermatitis with redness, cracking, swelling, blistering, edema. Eye Contact: Exposure to vapours may cause irritation. Contact with liquid may cause Painful burning . Inhalation: Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep person warm and at rest. Get medical attention immediately. Ingestion: Remove by gastric lavage or emesis using activated charcoal. Do not perform gastric lavage or emesis to an unconscious person. Maintain blood pressure and respiration. Give oxygen if respiration is depressed. Get medical attention immediately. Lavage and oxygen should be administered by qualified medical personnel. Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash affected area with soap and mild detergent and large amount of water until no evidence of chemical remains ( approximately 15-20 minutes). Get medical attention immediately. Eye contact: Wash eyes immediately with large amount of water, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids, until no evidence of chemical remains (approximately 15-20 minutes). Get medical attention immediately. 3500 mg/kg L.D50 ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Odour Threshold ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/Symptoms
Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) 100
ppm
STEL
ppm
113
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 2
Flammability 1
Reactivity 0
Special
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Provide hand gloves, Protective clothing, Goggles or Face shield. Should be stored in a flammable liquid store and away from sources of ignition or direct sunlight in a well ventilated place in a sealed metal containers protected against static discharges, oxygen and humidity. Protective clothing should be worn especially eye protection and gloves. Many glove fabrics, including natural rubber and certain plastics are incompatible with N-methyl pyrrolidone.
7.
FIRE

Fire Extinguishing Media : Dry Powder, Alcohol Resistant Foam, Carbon dioxide Unusual Hazards : Large spills or tank fires are best controlled by alcohol resistant foam First Aid Measures: Inhalation: remove from exposure to fresh air immediately If breathing is stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep person warm and at rest. Get medical attention immediately. Ingestion: Remove by gastric lavage or emesis using activated charcoal. Do not perform gastric lavage or emesis to an unconscious person. Maintain blood pressure and respiration. Give oxygen if respiration is depressed. Get medical attention immediately. Lavage and oxygen should be administered by qualified medical personnel. Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash affected area with soap and mild detergent and large amount of water until no evidence of chemical remains (approximately 15-20 minutes). Get medical attention immediately. Eye contact: Wash eyes immediately with large amount of water, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids, until no evidence of chemical remains (approximately 15-20 minutes). Get medical attention immediately. Antidotes/Dosages: No specific antidote, treat symptomatically and supportively.
EXPOSURE
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. For small spills, absorb with Sand or other absorbent material for disposal. For larger spills, dyke far ahead of spill. No smoking, flames or flares in hazard area. Keep unnecessary people away from hazard area and deny entry.
Shut off all sources of ignition, wear eye skin protection and have breathing apparatus available. Small quantities may be absorbed on paper and evaporated on a fume cupboard (do not pour into drains as explosive concentrations may develop). Large quantities should be absorbed on to sand and taken to safe area for evaporation or burial. Ideally, the solvent should be disposed of in a chemical incinerator with appropriate precautions.
114
7.31 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF PENTANE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
PENTANE
Synonyms: C5H12
Trade Name : GAILX
Formula C5H12
C.A.S.NO.109-66-9
UN. NO. 1265
Shipping Name : Pentane Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: Not Pertinent Hazchem Code : 3 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. n-Pentane C.A.S.NO. 109-66-0 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. Iso Pentane C.A.S.NO. 78-78-4
2.
Boiling Point/Range
36.1
Vapour pressure Odour: Mild Gasoline Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 26 Kg/sq. cm at 65 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.48 Solubility in water @ 30oC Not soluble Others
C Not available
0.63
pH
115
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1.5 % 7.8 % 273 Yes Yes
(OC) (CC)
Carbon dioxide Does not occur. Explosive Material yes Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxygen and strong oxidising materials Not available Oxides of cabon
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Eye: Freezing burn if compressed liquid contacts eye. Vapours may be mildly irritating. Skin: Irritation will remove fat skin. Prolonged or repeated contact should be avoided otherwise skin chapping, cracking or possible contact dermatitis may result. Dry skin , erythema, oil acne and oil facilities and warty growth may occur. Inhalation: Vapours may be mildly irritating to lungs; Dizziness, headache. Ingestion: Nausea and vomiting. Irritation of mouth and gastro intestinal tract may follow. Eye: Immediately flush with running water for 15 minutes. If irritation develops, seek medical attention. Inhalation: Remove from exposure. If breathing ceases, seek immediate medical attention. mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/mg3 mg/m3 Special
Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals ppm Odour Threshold ppm
1500 ppm Health
STEL
ppm Reactivity
Flammability
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
116
Respiratory protection not generally required. For concentration exceeding exposure level, use approved air purifying respirator. For adequate ventilation to control exposure below recommended levels. Impervious rubber gloves, Chemical worker goggles are recommended.
Avoid inhalation and skin eye contact. Wear personal protective equipment. Keep container closed. Store in a cool, well ventilated area from ignition sources. Bond and ground during transfer. Wash after handling. Launder contaminated clothing.
7.
FIRE
CO2, Foam, Dry Chemical Powder. Wear approved SCBA and full protection equipment. Evacuate the area of all unnecessary personnel. Water fog/spray may be used to cool. Highly flammable vapours which are heavier than air may accumulate in low areas and sprayed along the ground away from handling site. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air. If not breathing give mouth to mouth or mouth to nose assisted respiration If unconscious but breathing in place in the unconscious position, give cardiac message if necessary. Ingestion : Do not induce vomiting. Administration of medical paraffin may reduce absorption through digestive tract. Gastric lavage should be done only after endo tracheal intubation. Skin : Remove contaminated clothing. Wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. Eyes : Irrigate with plenty of water.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages
N.A.
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain spill and protect from Ignition. Keep out of water sources and sewers. Absorb in dry and inert material. Ensure conformity with all applicable disposal regulations.
117
7.32 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF PHENOL
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
PHENOL
Chemical Classification : Phenol
Synonyms: Carbolic Acid, Monohydroxy Benzene Phenilic Acid, Phenyl Hydroxide
Trade Name : Phenol
Formula C6H5OH
C.A.S.NO.108-95-2
UN. NO. 1671
Shipping Name : Phenol Codes/Label : Poison Class 6 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 13 Hazchem Code : 2 X
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Phenol
C.A.S.NO. 108-95-2 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
181.9
Physical State : Solid or Liquid
Appearance : White solid/pink solid, Colourless when molten.
Vapour pressure Odour: Sweet Tarry Odour @ 35oC mm Hg : 1 mm Hg at 40oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.24 Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble Others Miscible with alcohol, ether
40.9
1.058 at 41oC
pH
6 (aq. solution.)
118
3.

Flammability
No
LEL UEL
1.7% 8.6 % 715 Stable N.A.
85 80.5
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A Auto ignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No
Emits toxic fumes. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong oxidiser, Butyl-chloral Hydrate, Camphor, Chloral Hydrate, Diuretin, Lead Acetate, Menthol and Naphthalene Violent reaction with Aluminium Chloride + Nitrobenzene (120oC), Sodium Nitrate + Tri-fluoro acetic acid, Butadiene can react with oxidising materials. N.A. .
Hazardous Reaction products
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Eyes, Skin, Inhalation, Ingestion Will burn eye & skin. The analgesic action may cause loss of sensation & pain. Readily absorbed through the skin, causing increase in heart rate, convulsion and Death. Inhalation: If victim shows any ill effects, move him to fresh air area. Keep him quiet and warm. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Give milk, egg white and large amount of Water. Skin: Remove the contaminated clothing under water shower. Wash the affected area with plenty of flowing water and soap for 15 minutes. Eyes: Immediately flush with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. 0.414 .9mg/kg 5 (Skin) ppm L.D50 19 mg/m3 Odour Threshold 0.05 ppm 19 mg/m3 0.19 mg/mg3
L.D50
(Oral-Rat)
5 (Skin) ppm Health 3
STEL
10 ppm Reactivity 0
38 mg/m3 Special
Flammability 2
119
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid and solid. Do not eat or drink at workplace.
Store in a well ventilated area, away from heat, flame, oxidents, food and other incompatible substances. Outdoor storage is preferred.
7.
FIRE
Alcohol Foam, CO2 , Dry chemical powder, Water spray.
Special Procedure
Keep the containers cool by spraying water, if exposed to heat or flame. If possible prevent extinguishing agents from running into sewer. Fire fighter should use SCBA.
Unusual Hazards
Vapour foam explosive mixture with air.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Give artificial respiration, if required. do not induce vomiting. Give the victim milk, egg white and large amount of water. If eyes and skin are affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not Available.
. Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Use absorbent paper to pick up spilled material. Wash the surface with soap and water. a) Leakage: Absorb with paper and evaporate on an Iron Pan in a hood and finally burn the paper. b) Large quantities: If in liquid form, atomise into an incinerator. Combustion may be improved by mixing with more flammable solvent. If in solid form dissolve in a solvent like alcohol and atomise in a suitable combustion chamber.
8.
Absorption of phenolic solution through the skin may be very rapid, can cause death in a few minutes to several hours by exposure of as little as 64 sq. inch. of skin. Lesser exposure may cause damage to kidneys, liver, pancreas, spleen, lungs, causes corrosion of lips, mouth, throat. Ingestion of 15 gms may be fatal. Potentially explosive reaction with Aluminium Chloride + Nitro-methane (110oC/110 bar), Formaldehyde, Peroxydisulphuric-acid, Peroxymonosulphuric-acid, Sodiumnitrate+ Heat.
120
7.33 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF PHOSPHORUS PENTASULPHIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Phosphorus Pentasulfide
Chemical Classification : N.A.
Synonyms: Phosphoric sulfide, Phosphorus Persulphide, Thiophosphoric anhydride. Formula : P2S5 Regulated Identification Shipping Name : Codes/Label : Class 4
Trade Name: Phosphorus pentasulfide
C.A.S.NO. 1314-80-3
UN. NO. 1340
Hazardous waste I.D. No: N.A. Hazchem Code : HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. 100% Phosphorus Pentasulfide C.A.S.NO. 1314-80-3, HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
525
Appearance : Greenish Yellow Crystal.
Vapour pressure Odour: Sulphur compound @ 35oC mm Hg 1 mm Hg at 30 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density Not determined (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 30oC Insoluble. Others
C -280
2.10 at 20oC
pH: Not determined.
121
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
% % 142 Not available Not available
(OC) (CC)
Oxides of Phosphorous & sulphur Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material : Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material can undergo a rapid chemical change at normal temperature and pressures or a violent chemical change at elevated temperature and pressure. The material reacts vigorously with water to initiate a non-violent reaction with some release of energy(heat). at. Material reacts with water or moisture, producing sulphide and phosphoric acid.
Chemical Stability
Oxides of phosphorus and sulphur.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Oral toxicity, Eye irritation, Skin irritation, Dermal toxicity, Inhalation toxicity, Respiratory irritation Unconsciousness, headache, dizziness, nausea, aggravates asthama, pulmonary disease, loss of sense of smell, irritation of the eyes, nose or throat. Wash in flowing water for 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing, discard shoes And other leather articles, flush with water, immediate medical attention. Remove exposed person to fresh air, administer oxygen if breathing is labored. Do not induce vomiting.
Routes of Entry
Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Oral toxicity 50 mg/m3 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
Dermal toxicity 200 mg/kg Odour Threshold 0.13 ppm
L.D50 mg/mg3 mg/m3
ppm 1 mg/m3 1 mg/m3
ppm
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 3
Flammability 1
Reactivity 2
Special
122
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Nitrile, Neoprene gloves, faceshield, approved full facepiece respirator, Self-contained breathing apparatus.
Use long sleeve shirt, chemical protective apron, boots, do not wear rings, watch. Keep containers closed when not in use. Contact with water causes release of considerable heat; solution is very caustic. Avoid creating dust. Maintain good house-keeping. Wash after handling. Launder contaminated clothing.
7.
FIRE
Limestone or dry powder type agents for metal fires. Do not use CO2 or water. Recommend wearing self contained breathing apparatus. Solid does not readily release flammable vapors.
Special Procedures Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Skin: Immediately wash in flowing water for 15 min. Immediately remove contaminated clothing before reuse and discard shoes and other leather articles saturated with the material. Eyes: Flush immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. Get immediate medical attention. Inhalation : Remove exposed person to fresh air if adverse effects are observed. If breathing is laboured, administer oxygen. If breathing has stopped, apply artificial respiration. If irritation persists or if toxic symptoms are observed, get medical attention. Oral : Do not induce vomiting, if conscious, give two glasses of water and get immediate medical attention to perform gastric lavage. Additional : Note to physician : Hydrogen sulfide ion is strongly bound to methemoglobin in a manner similar to cyanide. A dose of sodium nitrite would produce methemoglobin in the blood which would then inactivate this poison.
Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Pick up free solids for recycle and/or disposal. Avoid raising the dust. Spray on a thick layer of a 1:1 mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind a shield. After mixing, spray water from an atomiser with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount of water. Neutralise and drain into the sewer with sufficient water.
123
7.34 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Alkali
Synonyms: Caustic Potash, Lye.
Trade Name :
Formula
KOH
C.A.S.NO. 1310-58-3
UN. No. 1813 / 1814
Shipping Name : Potassium Hydroxide Codes/Label : Corrosive, Class-8 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : 2 R
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Potassium Hydroxide
C.A.S.NO. 1310-58-3 3.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
1320
Appearance : White
Vapour pressure Odour: Odourless @ 35oC Not mm Hg. available ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) Not Pertinent Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble Others: Soluble in Alcohol, Glycerol
C 360
2.04 at 15 oC (Solid)
pH
13.5 (0.1 M aq. Soln.)
124
3.

No LEL UEL
o
Flammability
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A. Auto ignition Temperature C
Emits toxic fumes of K2O Does not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable When wet, attacks metals such as Aluminium, Tin, Lead and Zinc. Violent exothermic reaction with water, potentially explosive reaction with Bromoform + Crown ethers, chlorine dioxide, nitrobenzene nitro-methane, nitrogen-tri-chloride, peroxidized THF. React with Ammonium hexa-chloro-platinate (2-) + heat, to form a heat sensitive explosive product.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Skin, Eyes, Ingestion, Inhalation. Ingestion: Causes severe pain in the throat and epigastrium, hematemesis, collapse. Eyes & Skin: Causes severe irritation. Inhalation: Causes severe irritation. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Give plenty of water & milk to drink. Eyes: Flush with a lot of water for 15 min. Skin : Remove wetted clothes & flush the affected area with plenty of water & rinse with dilute vinegar solution. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area, seek medical aid immediately. 365 mg/kg Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold Not ppm Not mg/m3 Available Available STEL Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 Special
ppm 2 (Celing) mg/m3 Health 3
Flammability 0
125
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid, solid, vapours or dust. Provide close fitting safety goggles / face shield, respirator for dust, long sleeves cotton jacket, rubber gloves, rubber shoes and rubber apron.
Keep the containers tightly closed and away from moisture and metals.
7.
FIRE
Not Flammable Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to fire or heat. Poisonous gases are produced.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Skin : Remove the wetted clothing and boots & flush The affected area with plenty of water. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Ingestion: Give water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Sweep and collect without making dust. Wash the surface with plenty of water and soap. Neutralise with HCl and discharge into sewer with sufficient water.
126
7.35 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF PROPANE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
PROPANE
Synonyms: Dimethyl methane, Propyl hydride
Trade Name
Formula C3 H8
C.A.S.NO.74-98-6
UN. NO. 1978
Shipping Name : Liquefied Petroleum Gas - Red label Codes/Label : Flammable gas, Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code : 2WE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Propane C.A.S.NO. 74-98-6 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.

-42oC Physical State : Compr. Liquid, Gas, Appearance : Colourless
Boiling Point/Range
Vapour pressure Odour: Odourless @ 35oC 6840 mm Hg. At 20oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 1.6 Solubility in water ml/100 ml @ 18oC 6.5 Others Soluble in Alcohol, Ether, Chloroform.
-186oC
0.5
pH
: Not pertinent.
127
3.

Yes LEL 2.1 % Flash Point oC Flash Point oC -156 (OC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability Auto ignition Temperature
UEL
o
9.5 % 470 Stable May explode
(CC)
None in particular. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable. Oxidisers Explosive reaction with C1O2. Violent exothermic reaction with Barium Peroxide. Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin contact, Eye contact. Inhalation : Simple axphyxiant shortness of breath, Headache, drowsiness, Unconsciousness. Skin: Frostbite, Redness, Pain, Blister. Eye: Frostbite, Redness, pain impaired vision. Inhalation: Fresh air, rest, artificial respiration if indicated. Refer for medical Attention. Skin: On frostbite, rinse with plenty of water, do not remove clothes. Refer for medical attention. Eye contact : First rinse with plenty of water for several mins. (Remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor.
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure / Symptoms. Emergency Treatment
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) Asphyxiant Odour Threshold
STEL
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 1
Flammability 4
Reactivity 0
Special
128
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide self-contained breathing apparatus, safety goggles, hand gloves and shoes. Keep in a cool, dry, well ventilated area, away from heat, flame or oxidisers.
7.
FIRE
Stop flow of gas, foam, CO2, Dry Chemical Powder. Stop the flow of gas & keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur. Inhalation : Guard against self-injury if stuporous, Confused or anesthetised. Apply artificial respiration if breathing is difficult. Avoid administration of Epinephrine or other sympathomimetric Amines. Prevent aspiration of vomitus by proper positioning of head. Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
. Unusual Hazards EXPOSURE First Aid Measures
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Warn everybody that air Mixture is explosive. Allow the gas to burn under control.
8.
A simple Asphyxiant. Flammable gas may cause flash fire.
129
7.36 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SODIUM DICHROMATE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SODIUM DICHROMATE
Chemical Classification : Inorganic Salt
Synonyms: Sodium Bichromate
Trade Name : Sodium Dichromate
Formula
Na2Cr2O7
C.A.S.NO. 10588-01-9
UN. No. 1479
Shipping Name : Oxidising Substance, N.O.S. Codes/Label : Oxidiser, Class-5 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 3 Hazchem Code : Not listed
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sodium Dichromate
C.A.S.NO. 10588-01-9 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range oC 400 (Decomposes) Melting / Freezing Point

o
Appearance : Red to orange crystals
Vapour pressure Odour: Odourless @ 35oC mm Hg. Not Available ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density : Not Available (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 30oC Very Soluble Others: Insoluble in ethyl alcohol
C 356.7
2.35 at 25 oC
pH
3.5 (10% Soln.)
130
3.

No LEL Not pertinent Not pertinent Not Pertinent Stable Data not available Flash Point oC Flash Point oC Not pertinent (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability Not pertinent UEL Auto ignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No No
Emits toxic fumes of Na2O, Cr2 O3 Does not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No Yes No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Hydroxylamine Violent reaction or ignition with Boron + Silicon (Pyrotechnic), Organic residues + Sulphuric Acid, 2-Propanol + Sulphuric Acid, Sulphuric Acid + Trinitrotoluene. Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin & Eyes Inhalation of dusts & mist causes respiratory irritation, sometimes resembling asthma, nasal septal perforation may occur. Ingestion causes vomiting, diarrhea, stomach & kidney complications. Contact with eyes & skin produces local irritation. Repeated skin exposure causes dermatitis. Ingestion: Have victim drink water or milk. Do not induce vomiting. Skin & Eyes: Treat like acid burns. Flush eyes with water for at least 15 mins. External lesions can be scrubbed with 2% solution of Sodium Thiosulphate. Seek medical aid immediately for all type of exposure. 50 mg/Kg Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold Not ppm Not mg/m3 Available Available STEL Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 Special
Emergency Treatment
ppm 0.05 (as Cr) mg/m3 Health 1
Flammability 0
131
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with solid or dust. Provide approved dust mask, over-clothing, hand gloves, safety goggles or face shield.
Store away from combustibles and oxidising agents.
7.
FIRE
Water Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to fire or heat. Decomposes to produce oxygen in fire.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If ingested, give victim milk and water to drink, do not induce vomiting. If eyes and skin are affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Sweep and collect without making dust. Wash the surface with plenty of water and soap. Use vast volume of concentrated solution of reducing agent (Bi-sulphate or ferrous salts). Neutralise with soda ash or HCl and drain into sewer with sufficient water.
8.
Poison by ingestion. Chromate salts are considered to be carcinogens. Potentially explosive reaction with acetic anhydride, Ethanol + Sulphuric Acid + Heat, Hydrazine. In contact with finely divided combustibles like sawdust, ignition may occur.
132
7.37 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Chemical Classification : Alkaline Inorganic Compound
Synonyms: Caustic Soda, Soda Lye, Lye, Sodium Hydrate
Trade Name : Caustic soda
Formula
NaOH
C.A.S.NO. 1310-73-2
UN. No. 1823 / 1824
Shipping Name : Sodium Hydroxide, Solid / Solution Codes/Label : Corrosive, Class-8
Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : 2 R HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sodium Hydroxide C.A.S.NO. 1310-73-2 2. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 1390 - 1557 Physical State : Solid
Appearance : White Flakes / Pellets
o Melting / Freezing C 318.4 - 322 Vapour pressure Odour: Odourless Point @ 35oC 1 mm Hg at 730 oC _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Not Pertinent
Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble
Others: Soluble in Alcohol, Methanol and Glycerol.
2.12 at 24oC/4 oC
pH
13 - 14
133
3.

No LEL UEL
o
Flammability
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A. Auto ignition Temperature C
Emits toxic fumes of Na2O. Will not occur Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Water, Acids, Flammable Liquids, Organic halides, metals, A1, Sn, Zn, Nitromethane and Nitro Compounds. Vigorous reaction with Organic Halides, Metals, Nitro Compounds. Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin, Ingestion & Eyes. Inhalation : Causes small burns to upper respiratory tract & lungs, mild nose irritation. Ingestion : Causes severe damage to mucous membrane, Severe scaring or perforation may occur. Eyes: Severe damage. Skin: Causes severe burns. Inhalation: Remove the victim from exposure. Support respiration, give oxygen, If necessary. Ingestion: Give water or milk followed by dilute vinegar or fruit juice. Do not Induce vomiting. Skin: Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes: Wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not listed mg/Kg L.D50 ppm 2 (Ceiling) mg/m3 Odour Threshold Odourless ppm Odourless mg/m3 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
ppm 2 (Ceiling) mg/m3 Health 3
STEL
Not listed
ppm
Not listed Special
Flammability 0
134
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with solid or liquid. Provide side covered safety goggles, face shield, filter or dust-type respirator, rubber shoes and rubber hand gloves.
Keep in a cool, dry and well ventilated place.
7.
FIRE
Not Flammable Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame.
Unusual Hazards Toxic gases are produced.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If eyes are affected, flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Remove contaminated clothes & shoes. Wash the affected area with plenty of water. If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Support respiration. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Sweep and collect without making dust. Wash the surface with plenty of water and soap. Put into a large vessel, neutralise with HCl and drain into sewer with abundant water.
8.
A strong base. Vigorous reaction with 1, 2, 4, 5-Tetrachlorobenzene has caused many industrial explosions & forms extremely toxic 2, 3, 7, 8 Tetra-chloro-di-benzodioxin. Under proper conditions of temperature, pressure and state of dilution, it can react or ignite violently with Acetic Acid, Acetaldehyde, Acetic Anhydride, Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Allyl Alcohol, Allyl Chloride.
135
7.38 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SULPHUR DIOXIDE
Synonyms: Bisulphate, Sulphurous, Anhydrite, Sulfurous Oxide
Trade Name Sulphur Dioxide
Formula SO2
C.A.S.NO.7446-09-5
UN. NO. 1079
Shipping Name : Sulphur Dioxide Codes/Label : Liquefied Poisonous Gas, Class 2
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 RE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sulphur Dioxide C.A.S.NO. 7446-09-53 2. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
-10,0
Physical State : Liquid / Liquefied Compressed .Gas
Vapour pressure Odour: Sharp Pungent Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 2538mm Hg at 21.1oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 2.264 Solubility in water @ 30oC 10 gm/100ml at 20 oC Others Soluble in Chloroform , Ether, Amines and Sulphuric acid.
-75.5
1.45 at -10oC
pH
Acidic
136
3.

No NA
o
LEL UEL C
NP% NP% Not Pertinent Stable Stable
Not Pertinent Not Pertinent
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No
Emit toxic fumes of SOx Does not occur. Explosive Material No Corrosive Material No ( Yes, in presence of moisture.)
Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material
No No
Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
No No
Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Halogens or Interhalogens, Lithium, Nitrate, Acetylides, Metaloxides, Polymeric Tubing, Potassium-Chlorate, Sodium Hydride Reacts violently with Acrolein, Al, CsHC2, Chlorates, CIF3, Cr, FeO, F2, Mn KHC2, KClO3. Rb2C2, Na, Na2C2, Cs2O, SnO. React with water, to produce toxic and corrosive fumes.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Eyes and Skin Vapour causes irritation of eyes & lungs with severe choking. Liquid will cause frostbite. Vapours are poisonous, if inhaled. Inhalation: Remove from exposure. Support respiration, administer oxygen. Skin: Wash affected area with plenty of water. Do not rub the affected area. Eyes: Wash with plenty of water at least for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. 5 mg/m3 5 mg/m3 6.6 mg/mg3 mg/m3
L.D50 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals 2 ppm Odour Threshold 3 ppm
2 ppm Health 2
STEL
5 ppm Reactivity 0
10
Flammability 0
Special
137
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide air supplied mask or approved canister, safety goggles or face-shield, rubber hand gloves, shoes, aprons.
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area, away from water and active metals.
7.
FIRE
Not flammable. Do not use water. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Containers may rupture releasing toxic SO2
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Support respiration or administer oxygen if required. Eyes : Wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Wash the affected area with plenty of water. Do not rub the affected area. Seek medical aid immediately for all types of exposures. N.A.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Waste Disposal Method Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the spillage. Seal all waste in vapour tight plastic bags for eventual disposal. Follow the manufacturers recommendations.
8.
LC50 : 400 ppm/1M (ihl-hmn). A poisonous gas. The material is so irritating that it provides its own warning of toxic concentration. 400-500 ppm is immediately dangerous to life. 50-100 ppm is considered to be maximum permissible concentration for exposure of 30-60 mins. Excess exposure may be fatal.
138
7.39 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULPHUR
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SULPHUR
Chemical Classification : Non-metallic element
Synonyms: Brimostone, Bensulfoid, Colsul
Trade Name :
Formula
C.A.S.NO.7704-34-9
UN. No. 1350
Shipping Name : Sulphur Codes/Label : Flammable Solid, Class-4.1 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 Z
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sulphur
C.A.S.NO. 7704-34-9 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
Physical State : Liquid Appearance : Yellow (Molten Solid) o Melting / Freezing C 106.8 Vapour pressure Odour: Faint rotten egg odour Point @ 35oC 1mm Hg at 183.8 oC _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) Not Pertinent Solubility in water @ 30oC Insoluble Others: Slightly soluble in Alcohol, Ether. Soluble in Benzene, Carbon Disulphide.
C 444.6
2.07
pH
Not Pertinent
139
3.

Yes LEL UEL Not pertinent Not pertinent Flash Point oC Not available Flash Point oC 207 (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability 4.1
230 Stable Data not available.
Emits highly toxic fumes of SOx. Will not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidisers, Halogens, Carbides, Active Metals.
Can react violently with Halogens, Carbides, Halogenites, Halogenates, Zinc, Tin, Sodium, Lithium, Nickel, Palladium, Phosphorous, Potassium, Iridium. . Not available.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Eyes & Skin Can cause eye irritation, may irritate skin. Eyes: Wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Treat molten sulphur burns with petroleum jelly or mineral oil. Seek medical aid immediately. Not listed mg/Kg L.D50 Not listed Not listed ppm Not mg/m3 listed Odour Threshold Not ppm Not Available Available Not listed ppm Not listed mg/m3 mg/m3
ppm
Not mg/m3 STEL listed Health Flammability 2 1
140
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with solid or liquid. Provide safety goggles or face shield, rubber hand gloves, rubber boots and Mask for the dust.
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area, away from heat, flame and oxidising materials.
7.
FIRE
Water Keep the containers cool by spraying water if Exposed to heat or flame. Burns with blue flame difficult to see in day light.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Skin : Treat molten sulphur burns with petroleum jelly or mineral oil. Eyes: Wash with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Sweep and collect without making dust. Wash the Surface with plenty of water. Dump into a land fill site.
141
7.40 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULPHURIC ACID
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SULPHURIC ACID
Chemical Classification : Toxic / Corrosive
Synonyms: Oil of vitrol
Trade Name : Sulphuric Acid
Formula
H2SO4
C.A.S.NO.7664-93-9
UN. No. 1830
Shipping Name : Sulphuric Acid Codes/Label : Corrosive, Class 8 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 16 Hazchem Code : 2 P
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sulphuric acid
C.A.S.NO. 7664-93-9
C.A.S.NO.
2.
o o
C C
330.0 10.49
Physical State : Liquid Vapour pressure @ 35oC 1.0 mm Hg
Appearance : Colourless / Oily Odour: Odourless
___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) Not applicable Solubility in water @ 30oC 100% Others: Soluble in ethyl alcohol
1.84
pH
Highly acidic
142
3.

No LEL Not Pertinent Not Pertinent Flash Point oC Flash Point oC Not Pertinent Not Pertinent (OC) (CC)
Not Pertinent UEL
Not Pertinent Nil Nil
Nil
Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
No Yes No
Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Moderate. Carbides, water, chlorates, fluminates and powdered metals.
Reacts with water and organic materials with evolution of heat. Reacts with water to produce heat toxic and corrosive fumes . Reacts with metals to form flammable hydrogen gas.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, contact, ingestion Irritates eyes, nose, throat, dental erosion, skin and eyes, burn. Causes deep burn to tissue. Very dilute solution causes dermatitis. Exposure cause bronchitis. Respiratory support and medical attention. 2140 N.A. ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 Flammability 0 Odour Threshold L.D50 N.A. ppm mg/m3 3 mg/m3 Special
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms Emergency Treatment L.D50 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
N.A. ppm Health 3
STEL
ppm Reactivity/Stability 2
143
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Rubber gloves, safety goggles, acid proof overalls. Provide safety shower, eyewash Fountain, self contained breathing apparatus.
To be stored in non-corrosive non-metallic containers. Add acid to water gradually for dilution. Store away from incompatible material.
7.
FIRE
Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedure Unusual Hazards
Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide N.A. Water applied directly results in evolution of heat causes splattering.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Wash eyes and affected area of body with plenty of water immediately. Give milk of magnesia, water and soda water or cold milk to drink if ingested.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Wash with running water. Neutralise with lime in case of large spills. Add slowly into a large amount of soda ash and slaked lime by stirring. Discharge the solution with large amount of water into a sink lined with protective matting and filled with chipped marble.
144
7.41 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULFUR CHLORIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Sulfur Chloride
Chemical Classification :
Synonyms: None
Trade Name: Sulfur Chloride
Formula S2CL2 Regulated Identification
C.A.S.NO. 10025-67-9 Shipping Name : Sulphur chloride Codes/Label : Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code :
UN. NO.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. 20-30% Sulfur Chloride
C.A.S.NO. 10025-67-9
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
138
Appearance : Brownish Red Fuming Liquid
Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent 170 mm Hg at 20 oC % volatile 100 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density: 3.5 (Air = 1) Solubility in water @ 30oC Decomposes Others : Nil
-77
1.64 at 15.6oC
pH: Not determined.
145
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL 234
% %
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No No Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No Corrosive Material : Yes Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Material can become unstable at elevated temp. and pressures. This material will react vigorously with water to initiate a violent reaction with some release of energy (Heat). The material is incompatible with water and alkalies.
Chemical Stability
Under combustion conditions, oxides of the following elements will be formed : Sulfur, Hydrogen chloride and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, ingestion, eye & skin Oral toxicity, Eye irritation, Skin irritation, Inhalation toxicity, Respiratory irritation.
Immediately wash in flowing water for 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothes. Get immediate medical help.. Eye : Flush immediately with water for 15 minutes. Get medical help immediately. Inhalation : Remove exposed person to fresh air. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen. If breathing has stopped, apply artificial respiration. If irritation persists, get medical attention. Oral : Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, give two glasses of water and get immediate medical help. Dermal toxicity between 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg on rabits. mg/mg3 mg/m3
L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Oral toxicity between 50 & 200 mg/m3 L.D50 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) ppm 1.00 mg/m3 (80-90% sulphur chloride) ppm mg/m3
Odour Threshold
ppm
STEL
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 3
Flammability 0
Reactivity
Special
146
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Full protective fire gear including self containing breathing apparatus, full face-piece, coat, pants, gloves and boots.
Ventilation procedure : Exhaust ventilation to control mist or vapours. Gloves protection : Nitrile. Eye protection : Face-shield
7.
FIRE
CO2, Dry chemical powder, Alcohol foam. Water can be used to cool and protect exposed material. Wear full protective fire gear including SCBA operated in positive pressure mode with full face-piece, coat, pants, gloves and boots. Flammable solid, slow burning but readily ignitable by small flames. Heats spontaneously and may ignite in presence of moisture. Toxic fumes, gases or vapours may evolve on burning. Decomposes on contact with water to produce heat, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen.
Special Procedures
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
Explained in Emergency Treatment column. Not available
SPILLS Steps to be taken Evacuate all non-essential personnel, only trained personnel should be permitted in area. Personal protective equipment must be worn, see special protection information section for PPE recommendations. Ventilate area if spilled in confined space or other poorly ventilated areas. Prevent entry into sewers and waterways. Pick up free solid for recycle and / or disposal. Avoid raising dust. Pick up free liquid for recycle and/ or disposal Residual liquid can be absorbed on inert material. Spray on a thick layer of a 1:1 mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind a shield. After mixing, spray water from an atomiser with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount of water. Neutralise and drain into the sewer with sufficient water.
147
7.42 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULPHUR DICHLORIDE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name: Sulphur Dichloride
Synonyms:
Trade Name: Sulphur Dichloride
Formula
SCl2
C.A.S.NO. Shipping Name : Sulphur Dichloride Codes/Label : Hazardous waste I.D. No: Hazchem Code :
UN. NO.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sulphur Dichloride
C.A.S.NO.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 59 (Decomposes) o Melting / Freezing C -78 Point
Appearance : Brownish red fuming liquid
Vapour pressure Odour: Pungent chlorine like @ 35oC mm Hg 170 mm Hg at 68 oF ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.55 Solubility in water @ 30oC Decomposes Others
1.64
pH: Not determined.
148
3.

No LEL UEL % % Flash Point oC Flash Point oC (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability No Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No NO No
Sulphur Dioxide, Chlorine Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material : yes Others
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material Reactivity Reacts vigorously with strong alkalies and water. Avoid heat. Exposure to moisture, contact with alkalies or organic matter. Avoid personal contact with vapours or liquid. Keep light flames away from drums or tank while opening since hydrogen gas may be formed upon contact of Sulphur dichloride and steel etc. in presence of moisture. Sulphur dioxide, Chlorine, HCl and Sulphur.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and eyes. Liquid causes blistering burns to skin. Sulphur dichloride is readily hydrolysed by moisture in air and mucus membranes, liberating heat and toxic, corrosive hydrogen chloride as well as sulphur dioxide and/or sulphur. Effects of inhalation are immediate and depending upon degree of exposure can range from coughing to extreme bronchial irritation and pulmonary odema. Eyes: Flush with large amounts of water. Skin: Flush with large amounts of water, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed areas with soap and water. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, apply artificial respiration and/or administer oxygen as needed. Ingestion: Dilute by drinking water. Do not induce vomiting, if vomiting occurs, administer more water, then neutralise with milk, milk of magnesia. L.D50 ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Odour Threshold ppm mg/mg3 mg/m3 Special
Emergency Treatment
ppm Health
STEL
ppm Reactivity
Flammability
149
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Rubber gloves, Neoprene gloves, face shield, safety goggles, Neoprene clothing And aprons, Breathing apparatus, Safety toe shoes..
Store drums in cool, dry ventilated area out of sun and away from hazard. Storage tanks must be sealed to protect against entry of atmospheric moisture. Storage dyke volume should exceed tank volume.
7.
FIRE
DCP, CO2 or water fog spray.
Special Procedures Unusual Hazards
Use water to cool tanks or drums Under fire conditions Sulphur dioxide, Chlorine, HCl gases may be produced Full protective equipment is required for personal.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures : Given in emergency treatment Antidotes/Dosages:
SPILLS Steps to be taken Get full protective equipment. Contain large spill and pump into drums. soak up small spill in 50-50 mix of dry soda ash and lime. Flush away with water. Finally flush spill area with water. Spray on a thick layer of a 1:1 mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind a shield. After mixing, spray water from an atomiser with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount of water. Neutralise and drain into the sewer with sufficient water.
150
7.43 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULPHUR TRIOXIDE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
SULPHUR TRIOXIDE
Synonyms: Sulphan, Sulphuric Anhydride, Sulphuric Oxide
Trade Name : Sulphur trioxide
Formula
SO3
C.A.S.NO. 7446-11-9
UN. No. 1829
Shipping Name : Sulphur Trioxide Codes/Label : Corrosive, Class-8 Hazardous Waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 4 W E
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Sulphur Trioxide
C.A.S.NO. 7446-11-9 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 44.8 (Gamma) Physical State : Liquid
Appearance : Not Available
o Melting / Freezing C 16.8 (Gamma) Vapour pressure Odour: Not Available Point @ 35oC 433mm Hg at 250 oC _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
2.76
Solubility in water @ 30oC Not Available
Others: Soluble in carbon disulphide
1.922
pH
Not Pertinent
151
3.

No
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
(OC) (CC)
TDG Flammability N.A. Auto-ignition Temperature
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No No
Emits toxic fumes of SOx. Gamma form polymerises to Beta form. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others Yes
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Steam, Metal Oxides, Water, Combustible Materials. Violent reaction with PbO, HCl04, P, Tetra-fluoroethylene, Acetonitrile, H2SO4, DMS, Dioxan, Water, Diphenylmercury, Formamide, I2, Metal Oxides and Pyridine. Reacts with steam to form corrosive, toxic fumes of sulphuric acid.
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with Other material. Reactivity
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Skin & Eyes. Inhalation : Causes damage to human system, coughing pulmonary & olfactory changes.
Skin & Eyes : Causes corrosive irritation and also damage to mucous
Emergency Treatment membrane. Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, provide artificial respiration or oxygen if needed. Skin : Remove the contaminated clothing & wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not listed ppm mg/Kg L.D50 mg/m3 mg/m3 Special
. L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
1 mg/m3 1 mg/m3
Odour Threshold Not ppm Not Available Available STEL Flammability Not listed Not listed ppm Not listed
ppm
Health Not listed
Reactivity/Stability Not listed
152
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide self contained breathing apparatus, rubber hand gloves, protective over-clothing, Side covered safety goggles / face shield and shoes.
Keep in a cool, dry and closed area away from moisture. Keep the containers tightly closed to avoid absorption of moisture.
7.
FIRE
Not Flammable Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Poisonous gases are produced.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, Provide artificial respiration or oxygen if needed. Skin : Remove the wetted clothes & wash the Affected area with plenty of water & soap. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. Not available.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the spillage on earth or sand. Add slowly into a large amount of soda ash and slaked lime by stirring. Discharge the solution with large amount of water into a sink lined with protective matting and filled with chipped marble.
8.
TCLO 30 mg/m3 (ihe hmm). The most valuable commercially is the Gamma form, which has a strong tendency to polymerise to straight chain Beta form & subsequently to the cross-linked Alpha form. When Beta or Alpha form melted, they tend to revert to Gamma form - liquid or ice-cold crystals. The difference in vapour pressure explains the socalled Alpha explosion. Heating of high melting SO3 in glass vessels should be avoided to prevent possible shattering of the containers. Absolutely dry SO3 is not corrosive to metals. On exposure to air, it absorbs moisture rapidly, emitting dense white fumes. Combines with water with high explosive violence forming H2SO4.
153
7.44 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SULFOLANE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
TETRA HYDRO THIOPHENE 1,1-DIOXIDE THIOPHANE DIOXIDE TETRA METHYLENE DIOXIDE THIO CYCLOPENTANE 1,1 DIOXIDE
Chemical Classification : Organic Compound
Synonyms: Sulfolane, Cyclic Tetra-methylene Sulfone, Dihydro Butadine Sulfone.
Trade Name: Sulfolane
Formula C4 H8 O2S Regulated Identification Shipping Name : Codes/Label : Class 8
C.A.S.NO.126-33-0
UN. NO.
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Tetrahydrothiophane 1,1-Dioxide C.A.S.NO. 126-33-0 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 2. C.A.S.NO.
2.

285oC(545oF) 0.01 Physical State : Liquid Evaporation rate : 1 ( Butyl acetate = 1) Appearance : Colourless Clear, Liquid Odour: Pungent Odour
Boiling Point/Range Vapour pressure (@ 20oC mm Hg)
%Volatiles by Vol. = 100 (21 oC ) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Melting / Freezing Point 8.0oC(46oF) (@ 760 mm Hg) Vapour Density (Air = 1) Specific Gravity (Water = 1) 4.2 Solubility in water Complete 100% pH : 4.8 to 5.5 Others :
1.26
154
3.

No LEL N.A. Flash Point oC Flash Point oC 159oC (320 oF) (OC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability N.A. Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid No Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No
UEL
N.A. N.A. None identified None identified
(CC)
Oxides of Sulphur, Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide. Does not occur. Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable. Strong Oxidizing agent
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin contact, Eye contact. Inhalation : Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness, Shakes, Convulsions, Unconsciousness, Excessive inhalation may cause damage. Skin Contact: Irritation. Eye Contact: Irritation. Skin Absorption: May cause weakness, drowsiness, shakes, paralysis. Ingestion : Headache, Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, gastro intestinal, irritation, shakes, central nervous system depression, convulsions, unconsciousness. Chronic Effects: Damage to Gastrointestinal Tract. Lungs, Lever and Blood. Ingestion : Call a physician, if swallowed, if conscious give large amount of water induce vomiting. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Prompt action is essential. Skin Contact : In case of skin contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water For at least 15 mins. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Eye Contact : In case of Eye Contact, immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 mins. mg/kg STEL Not established Odour Threshold
Emergency Treatment
1941
ppm
: No TLV has been established for this product by the AGGIH. The TLV Listed is the one recommended for this product by Philips 66 Company. Health Flammability Reactivity Special 3 1 2 2
155
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Ventilation: Use general or local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Respiratory Protection : Respiratory protection required if air borne concentration exceeds TLV. A concentrations upto 5 ppm, a chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapour cartridge is recommended. Above this level, a self-contained breathing apparatus is recommended. Eye / Skin Protection : Safety goggles and face shield uniform, protective suit, rubber gloves are recommended.
Storage Colour Code : Orange (General Storage) Storage Requirement : Keep container tightly closed, store in cool dry, wellventilated area, away from heat, sparks or flame. Isolated from incompatible materials.
7.
FIRE

Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedure Unusual Hazards Use water spray, Alcohol resistant foam, Dry Chemical Powder or CO2.
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Call a physician, remove to fresh air, give artificial respiration. Flush skin with plenty of water. Not available.
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do so without risk, use water spray to reduce vapours. Take up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place in to container for later disposal. Flush spill area with water. Dispose in accordance with all applicable Central and State, Govt. environmental regulations and manufacturers Recommendation.
8.
Causes severe eye burns. Laboratory test results indicate material may be mutagenic. Harmful is swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin, irritant. Keep away from heat, sparks, flame. Do not get in eyes, skin or clothing. Do not breath vapours. Keep in tightly closed container, use with adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly after handling. In case of fire, use water spray, alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth, flush spill area with water.
156
7.45 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF TOLUENE
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
TOLUENE
Synonyms: Toluene, Methyl Benzene
Trade Name : Toluene
Formula C7H8
C.A.S.NO.108-88-3
UN. NO. 1294
Shipping Name : Toluene Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 3 YE HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Toluene C.A.S.NO. 108-88-3 2. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
110.4
Vapour pressure Odour: Pleasant Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 36.7 mm Hg at 30oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 3.14 Solubility in water @ 30oC Slightly soluble Others Soluble in acetone, miscible in absolute alcohol, ether, Benzene
C -95 to 94.5
0.866 at 20oC liquid
pH
Neutral
157
3.

Yes 3 LEL UEL 1.2% 7% 535.5 Stable N.A. Flash Point oC Flash Point oC 12.7 4.5 (OC) (CC)
Autoignition Temperature oC 9 Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes No
Emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Will not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Strong oxidisers. Reacts vigorously with oxidising materials. Reacts explosively with N2O4 , AgClO4, H2SO4+HNO3, conc.HNO3, UF6 and 1.3 dichloro-5,5,dimethyl-2,4Imidiazolidione Forms an explosive mixture with tetranitromethane.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and eyes. Vapour irritates eyes and upper respiratory tract causes dizziness, headache, anaesthesia, respiratory arrest. Liquid irritates eyes and causes drying of skin. If aspirated, causes coughing, gagging, distress and rapidly developing pulmonary edema. If ingested, causes vomiting, griping, diarrhea, depressed respiration. Inhalation: remove the victim to fresh air area. Give artificial respiration or oxygen if required. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Skin: Wipe off. Wash with soap and water. Eyes: Flush with water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. 500 mg/kg 100 ppm 375 mg/m3 375 mg/m3 Odour Threshold L.D50 0.17 ppm 0.64 mg/mg3
Emergency Treatment
L.D50
(Oral-Rat)
100 ppm Health 2
STEL
150 ppm Reactivity 0
560 mg/m3 Special
Flammability 3
158
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide air-supplied mask, safety goggles/face shield, PVC hand gloves.
Store in a well ventilated, cool, dry area, away from heat, spark, flame and oxidising materials.
7.
FIRE
CO2, Dry chemical powder, Foam.
Special Procedure
Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
If inhaled, remove the victim to fresh air area. Give artificial respiration or O 2, if required. do not induce vomiting. If eyes and skin affected, wash with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. N.A.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain leaking liquid on sand & earth. Wash the surface with water and soap. Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more flammable solvent.
8.
Toluene derived from coal tar usually contains small amount of benzene as on impurity. In the few cases, acute toluene poisoning reported. The effect has been that of a narcotic, the workman passing through a stage of intoxication into one of coma Recovery following removal from the exposure has been the rule. Physical examination is recommended practically. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidisers. Explosives in the form of vapours, when exposed to heat or flame.
159
7.46 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
TRI ETHYLENE GLYCOL
Synonyms:
Trade Name : TRI ETHYLENE GLYCOL
Formula (CH2 OCH2CH2 OH)2
C.A.S.NO.
UN. No.
Shipping Name : Codes/Label : Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code :
C.A.S.NO. 2.
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
C 291.2
o Melting / Freezing C -5 Vapour pressure Odour: Point @ 35oC mm Hg ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Vapour Density (Air = 1) Specific Gravity (Water = 1)
5.17
Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble pH
Others
1.122
160
3.

LEL UEL
o
Flammability TDG Flammability Autoignition Temperature
0.9 % 9.2 % 371
176.6
(OC) (CC)
Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material Yes Yes No Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No No Corrosive Material Others No .
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidising materials.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Skin, Inhalation, Ingestion.
L.D50 Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH) NFPA Hazard Signals
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Give artificial respiration if breathing Has stopped. Oxygen if breathing is laboured. Ingestion: Give conscious victim water to drink and induce vomiting. Skin: Remove contaminated clothings and flush the affected area with plenty Of water. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. L.D50 ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Health 1 Odour Threshold ppm mg/m3 mg/m3 Special
ppm
STEL Flammability 1
ppm Reactivity/Stability 0
161
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Use protective outer clothing as required.
Should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place away from source of ignition and heat.
7.
FIRE
Water Spray, , CO2 , DCP Water or foam may cause breathing. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Keep away from oxidising materials.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air, give artificial Respiration, if breathing has stopped and oxygen if Breathing is laboured. Ingestion: Give conscious victim water to drink and Induce vomiting. Skin: Remove contaminated clothing and flush the Affected area with plenty of water. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water. Seek medical aid immediately. N.A.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Absorb the spillage in sand or earth. Flush the area With flooding water and then with caustic acid for
Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with more flammable solvent.
162
7.47 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF TETRAETHYL LEAD
CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
TETRAETHYL LEAD
Chemical Classification : Organic Lead Compound
Synonyms: TEL, Lead Tetraethyl, Tetraethyl Plumbane
Trade Name : TEL
Formula C8 H20Pb
C.A.S.NO.78-00-2
UN. NO. 1649
Shipping Name : Tetraethyl Lead Codes/Label : Poison, Class 6 Hazardous waste I.D. No: 17 Hazchem Code : 2 XE
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Tetraethyl Lead
C.A.S.NO. 78-00-2
C.A.S.NO.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
198 to 202 (Decom)
Vapour pressure Odour: Misty Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 1 mm Hg at 38.4 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) 7-11 (Tech) Solubility in water @ 30oC Others Insoluble Soluble in Benzene, Petroleum, Ether, Gasoline.
C -137
1.633 at Not Available pH 20oC liquid
Not Pertinent
163
3.

No LEL Not Available Flash Point oC 85 93.5 (OC) (CC)
Flammability
TDG Flammability Not Available UEL Autoignition Temperature oC Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Explosion Sensitivity to Static Electricity Hazardous Combustion products Hazardous Polymerization Combustible Liquid Yes Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material No No
Not Available Flash Point oC Decomposes >110 oC Stable Stable
Emits toxic fumes of Pb or CO Will not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable below 110 oC Strong oxidisers, Sulphuryl Chloride, KMnO4
Chemical Stability Incompatibility with other material Reactivity Hazardous Reaction
Can react vigorously with oxidising materials. Exposures to air for several days may cause explosive decomposition, leading to poisonous Pb vapours.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin & Eyes Increased urinary output of lead. A large degree of absorption from inhalation or skin contact may cause insomnia, excitability, delirium, coma, death. In any type of severe exposure to this compound, seek medical aid immediately. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air area, apply artificial respiration and oxygen, if needed. Ingestion: Let the victim drink plenty of water and milk and induce vomiting. Skin: Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the affected area immediately with kerosene or similar petroleum distillate followed by thorough washing with water and soap. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. 12.3 mg/m3 L.D50 850 mg/m3 (1 hr) as LC50 Rat ppm 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) Pb 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) Pb Odour Threshold N.A. ppm N.A. mg/mg3 0.3 mg/m3 (1 hr) as Pb (skin) Special
Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms Emergency Treatment without delay.
L.D50 (Oral Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)
ppm
STEL
Not listed
ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 3
Flammability 2
Reactivity 3
164
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapour. Provide organic vapour type canister, face mask for short periods, an air-line mask for a longer period. Neoprene coated liquid proof hand gloves, body clothing side covered safety goggles/face shield, rubber shoes. Keep in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidisers, sunlight. Do not allow to evaporate.
7.
FIRE

Fire Extinguishing Media Special Procedure Dry chemical power CO2, Foam and Water. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Poisonous gases are produced.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
In any type of severe exposure to this compound, seek medical aid immediately without delay. Inhalation: Remove the victim to fresh air, apply artificial respiration and oxygen, if needed. Ingestion: Let the victim drink plenty of water and induce vomiting. Skin: Remove the contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for 15 mins. Not available.
Shut off leaks if without risk. Contain the spillage on earth or sand. Destroy waste/spills by dilution with 10 volumes of kerosene and burning at least 50 meters away from any habitations. Decontaminate TEL using oxidising agents such as Potassium Permanganate or Sulphuryl Chloride. Sulphuryl Chloride must only be used as a10% solution in kerosene. Its action is accelerated if 0.1% Pyridine is added immediately before use. Respirators should be used by the person handling this. Potassium Permanganate in water is the preferred reagent.
8.
An experimental carcinogen and teratogen - particularly toxic to CNS. Being a lipoid solvent, it can cause intoxication by inhalation as well as absorption through skin. Decomposition or exposure to sun light or on evaporation from TEL which is also a poisonous compound. May cause lead exposure intoxication by coming in contact with skin. A gasoline additive to prevent knocking in motors. This compound explodes if confined at high temp. It is much more toxic compaired to inorganic lead, close supervision because personality changes may occur and be manifested in suicidal attempt. Relapses during recovering are common.
165
7.48 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF XYLENE

1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY
Chemical Name :
XYLENE
Synonyms: Dimethyl Benzene, Xylol, Methyl Toluene
Trade Name Xylene
Formula C8 H10
C.A.S.NO.1330-20-7
UN. NO. 1307
Shipping Name : Xylene Codes/Label : Flammable Liquid, Class 3
Hazardous waste I.D. No: 5 Hazchem Code : 3 Y HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. P-Xylene 2. M-Xylene C.A.S.NO. 106-42-3 108-38-3 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 3. O-Xylene C.A.S.NO. 95-47-6
4. Toluene, Ethyl benzene, Non-aromatics, C9 aromatics.
2.
Boiling Point/Range
137-140
27 to -32 Vapour pressure Odour: Sweet Odour @ 35oC mm Hg 6.72mm Hg at 21 oC ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Vapour Density (Air = 1) N.A. Solubility in water @ 30oC Not soluble Others Miscible with alcohol, ether and other organic liquids.
0.864 at 20oC (Liq.)
pH
166
3.

Yes
o
Flammability
LEL UEL C
1% 7% 463 Stable N.A.
37.7 29
(OC) (CC)
Limit acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Does not occur. Explosive Material No Oxidiser Organic Peroxide No No
No
4.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stable Oxidising materials Can react with oxidising materials N.A.
5.
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Inhalation, Ingestion, skin and Eyes Vapours cause headache, dizziness. Liquid irritates eyes & skin. If taken into lungs, severe coughing, distress, rapidly developing pulmonary edema. If ingested, causes nausea, vomiting, cramps, headache, coma and can be fatal. Kidney and lever damage may occur. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air area. Administer artificial respiration. Provide oxygen if necessary. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Consumption of non-oily liquids (milk) may assist in delaying absorption. Eyes: Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Skin: Wash affected area with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical aid immediately. 4300 mg/kg 100 ppm 435 mg/m3 100 ppm 435 mg/m3 L.D50 Odour Threshold 0.05 ppm 0.215 mg/mg3 655 mg/m3
Emergency Treatment
STEL
150 ppm
NFPA Hazard Signals
Health 2
Flammability 3
Reactivity 0
Special
167
6.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid contact with liquid or vapours. Provide approved canister or air-supplied mask, face-shield, plastic gloves, boots And apron.
Store in well ventilated, dry area away from heat, flame and oxiding materials.
7.
FIRE
CO2, Foam, Dry Chemical Powder. Keep the containers cool by spraying water if exposed to heat or flame. Flash back along vapour trail may occur.
Unusual Hazards
EXPOSURE
First Aid Measures
Inhalation : Remove the victim to fresh air area, Administer aritficial respiration or oxygen if necessary. Ingestion : Do not induce vomiting. Taking nonoily liquids (milk) may assist in delaying absorption. Skin : Wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Eyes : Irrigate with plenty of water for 15 mins. Seek medical aid immediately. N.A.
Antidotes/Dosages
SPILLS Steps to be taken Shut off leaks if without risk. Absorb on sand or earth. Wash the surface with plenty of water and soap. Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent.
8.
Composition : As Non-aromatic 0.07%, Toluene 14%, Ethyl Benzene 19.27%, P-Xylene 7.84%, M-Xylene 65.01%, OXylene 7.63%, C9 and aromatic 0.04%,. Vapour / liquid exposure at 200 ppm causes irritation. A very dangerous for hazard when exposed to heat or fire.
168
8.0 REFERENCES:
I. List of Hazardous Materials UN Number, Name and IMDG Code Page Number - The Bureau of National Affairs Inc. II. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, US department of Health and Human Services (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health.) III. Hazchem Codings, allocated by Joint Committee on Fire Brigade Operations and confirmed by the Health and Safety Executives ( Chemical Industries Association Limited ) IV. Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health & Safety - ILO, Geneva V. The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989 VI. The Central Motor Vehicles Rules 1989 VII. Material Safety Data Sheets ICMA VIII. The Factories Act, 1948
169
170

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OISD-STANDARD-114 First Edition July 1998 Amended Edition October 2002 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND THEIR HANDLING

COMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

Cochin Refineries Ltd.

Shri R. K. Modi Shri N. R. Pal

MEMBER COORDINATOR Shri Anujit Ghatak Oil Industry Safety Directorate

SECTION 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND THEIR HANDLING

GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR SAFE STORAGE, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL Note 1

Water capacity and proper identification colour of the chemical.

SAFE DISPOSAL CHEMICALS Note 1

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS HANDLED IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS DATA

Mailing Address Telephone/Telex Nos.: Telegraphic Address :

Local Bodies involved.

Standard Packing Trem Card Details / Ref.

7.1 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ACETIC ACID

Chemical Name: Acetic Acid , glacial

Chemical Classification : Organic Acid

Synonyms: Vinegar Acid, Ethanoic Acid, Methanecarboxylic Acid

Trade Name: Acetic Acid

UN. NO. 2789

HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Acetic Acid

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

Physical State : Liquid

Melting / Freezing Point

Specific Gravity (Water = 1)

pH: 1 M solution is 2.4

FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA

Corrosive Material : Others: Nil

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/

L.D50 (Oral-Rat) Permissible Exposure Limit TLV (ACGIH)

NFPA Hazard Signals

Personal Protective Equipment Handling and Storage Precautions

EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID MEASURES

Fire Extinguishing Media

First Aid Measures: Antidotes/Dosages:

7.2 SAFETY DATA SHEET OF ACETYLENE

Chemical Classification : Flammable/Reactive

Synonyms: Ethyne Ethine

Trade Name : Acetylene

UN. No. 1001

HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 1. Acetone

HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Acetylene

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

Physical State : Gaseous

Vapour Density (Air = 1)

Solubility in water @ 30oC Soluble

Others: Very soluble in alcohol , Acetone, Almost miscible in ether.

Specific Gravity (Water = 1)

FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA

Flammability TDG Flammability

2.5 % 82.0% 305.0 High High

Flash Point oC Flash Point oC -32 oC

Auto ignition Temperature

Acetylides Not known

Combustible Liquid Flammable Material Pyrophoric Material

Explosive Material Oxidiser Organic Peroxide

Corrosive Material Others

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Routes of Entry Effects of Exposure/ Symptoms