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S. Ross
S. Ross
CMOS INVERTER CMOS means Complementary MOS: NMOS and PMOS working together in a circuit
VDD (Logic 1)
S
D D
VOUT
VIN
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VIN VDD
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LAST TIME: SINGLE TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT ID triode mode saturation mode VGS = 3 V VDS = VGS - VTH(N) Linear ID vs VDS given by surrounding circuit X VGS = 1 V VDS
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ANALYSIS OF INVERTER CIRCUT Obtain: 1) the two nonlinear ID vs. VDS equations for the transistors: ID(N) vs. VDS(N) and ID(P) vs. VDS(P) 2) A linear relationship between ID(N) and ID(P) (e.g., via KCL) 3) An independent linear relationship between VDS(N) and VDS(P) (e.g. via KVL) Using the above, write: ID(P) vs. VDS(P) in terms of ID(N) vs. VDS(N) (or vice-versa) Solve the two transistor equations simultaneously.
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S. Ross
1) Transistor equations: ID(N) = fN(VDS(N)) ID(P) = fP(VDS(P)) 2) ID(P)+ID(N) = 0 3) VDS(N)-VDS(P) = VDD Rewrite 1) as ID(N) = -fP(VDS(N)-VDD)
D D
VOUT
VIN
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(P) V GS
D D
VOUT + VDS(N) _
VIN
+V
GS(N )
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CMOS INVERTER: REGION A ID VGS(N) < VTH(N) VGS(P) < VTH(N) - VDD
VDS VDD
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CMOS INVERTER: REGION B ID VDS(P) = VGS(P) - VTH(P) VGS(N) = VTH(N) + VGS(P) = VTH(N) + - VDD
VDS
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VDS VDD
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CMOS INVERTER: REGION D ID VGS(N) = VDD + VTH(P) - VGS(P) = VTH(P) - VDS(N) = VGS(N) - VTH(N)
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CMOS INVERTER: REGION E ID VGS(N) > VTH(P) + VDD VGS(P) > VTH(P) VDS(N) = VGS(N) - VTH(N)
VDS VDD
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VIN VDD
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No ID current flow in Regions A and E if nothing attached to output; current flows only during logic transition If resistor or diode attached to output, current will flow through PMOS when input is low (output is high) If another inverter (or other CMOS logic) attached to output, transistor gate terminals of attached stage do not permit current: current flows only during logic transition
VDD S D VIN D VOUT1 VDD S D D VOUT2
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Find the power absorbed by the resistor and the inverter. Power absorbed by inverter: P = ID(P)VDS(P) + ID(N)VDS(N) Let W/L COX = 1 mA, VTH(N) = -VTH(P) = 1 V, = 0.
D D
VOUT
VIN = 0 V
1 k
S
1) Transistor equations:
S. Ross
S. Ross
D D
VOUT
VIN = 0 V
S
1 k
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5) Solutions: VDS(P) =
D D
VOUT
VIN = 0 V
S
1 k
ID(P) =