Cloxacillin Brand Name: Cloxapen, Tegopen Classification:anti-infective Dose: 500 mg 1 cup q 6 hours P.

O Mechanism of action: inhibits cell wall synthesis and causes call lysis or death in bacteria that make rigid,cross-linked call wall in several steps. Indications: to treat mild respiratory track infections or localized skin and softtissue infection cause by penicillinase-producing staphylococci. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to penicillins. Adverse effects: Cloxacillin may cause stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting during the first few days as your body adjusts to the medication. If these symptoms persist or become severe, inform your doctor. An allergic reaction may occur while taking Cloxacillin. Symptoms include: - Skin rash; - Itching; - Hives; - Difficulty breathing; Common side effects are: - Diarrhea Less Severe; - Feel Like Throwing Up Less Severe;; - Head Pain Less Severe; - Throwing Up Less Severe Nursing responsibilities: Determine previous exposure and sensitivity to penicillins and cephalosporins and other allergic reactions of any kind before treatment is initiated. Monitor for S&S of anaphylactoid reaction (see Appendix G) or other signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction (see Appendix F) as with other penicillins. Take medication around the clock, do not miss a dose, and continue taking the medication until it is finished. Report to physician the onset of hypersensitivity reaction and superinfections. Check with physician if GI adverse effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) appear. Instruct patient to take the drug with one full glass of water.

Penicillin G Brand Name: Pen G Dose: Pen G NA 4 m units q 8 hours ANSTC(+) Mechanism of action: Inhibits enzymes responsible for cell wall synthesis of susceptible organisms, this creates an osmotically unstable cell wall that swells and bursts from osmotic pressure.

Indications: Penicillin G is reserved for severe infections, or when the oral route is compromised (as in malabsorption syndrome and vomiting), and for some patients requiring prophylactic coverage. Contraindications: Patients with known allergies to penicillin, which is approximately 3% of the population. In patients with renal impairment, dosages should be decreased since excretion of drug is by the renal system. A different formulation should be used in these patients such as penicillin procaine that allows a slow release into the serum from the intramuscular site. Precaution with pregnancy category B, lactation, and hypersensitivity to cephalosporins. Adverse effect: The penicillins are among the least toxic drugs known. They rarely elicit adverse reactions in humans unless present in excessive concentrations. They can disrupt the normal gastrointestinal flora and cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, colitis, and anorexia. At high doses penicillin can have a toxic effect that can cause seizures, platelet dysfunction, hemolytic anemias of an immunologic type, encephalitis, and nephritis. Nursing Responsibilities: Determine previous exposure and sensitivity to penicillins and cephalosporins and other allergic reactions of any kind before treatment is initiated. Monitor for S&S of anaphylactoid reaction (see Appendix G) or other signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction (see Appendix F) as with other penicillins. Take medication around the clock, do not miss a dose, and continue taking the medication until it is finished. Report to physician the onset of hypersensitivity reaction and superinfections. Check with physician if GI adverse effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) appear Ampicillin Brand name: Ampicillin sodium Classification:anti- infective Dose: Mechanism of action: synthetic, broad-spectrum antiobiotic suitable for gram-negative bacteria. Acid resistance, destroyed by penicillinase Indications: Respiratory track infection due to non-penicillinase-producing staphylococci, and streptococci, including streptococcus pneumonia.GI infections due to shigella, salmonella typhosa and other salmonella, e.coli, P.marabilis and entorococci. Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to penicillin Adverese effects: hypersensitivity, nausea and Vomiting, gastritis, stomatitis Nurisng responsibilities List characteristics of signs and symptoms. Note history of sensitivity to the drug

 Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals; food mat interfere with absorption Instruct the patient not to save pills for future use with family members/friends who have similar condition Take for prescribed number of days even if symptoms subside.

Vitamin B Brand name: vitamin B Polynerv Classification: Vitamins and Minerals(Vitamin B1 in combination with vitamin B6 and/or vitamin B12) Mechanism of action: A coenzyme that stimulate metabolic function and is needed for cell replication, hematopoiesis, and nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis. Indications: Treatment and prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency, and diseases caused by low vitamin B12 levels. Nutritional support in painful neurological manifestations of neuritis & neuropathy eg cervical & shoulderarm syndrome, lumbago, ischialgia & sciatica. Neuropathies caused by disease states Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to Vit B12 Adverse effect: CV: peripheral vascular thrombosis, heart failure. GI: transient diarrhea. Respi: pulmonary edema. Skin: itching, transitory exanthema, urticaria. Nursing responsibilities: 1. determine reticulocyte count, hct, Vit. B 12, iron, folate levels before beginning therapy. 2. Obtain a sensitivity test history before administration 3. Avoid I.V. administration bec. faster systemic elimination will reduce effectiveness of vitamin. 4. Dont give large doses of vitamin B 12 routinely; drug is lost through excretion. 5. Dont mix parenteral preparation in same syringe with other drugs. 6. Protect Vit. B 12 from light. Dont refrigerate or freeze. 7. Monitor patient for for adverse effects.