ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DEL LITORAL

Deteccin y Resolucin de Problemas Red con enrutamiento entre VLANs

Elaborado por Patricia Ximena Chavez Burbano

Junio 6 del 2011

Situacin Actual de la red

Dispositivo R1

Interfaz Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/1 VLAN10

Direccin IP 200.16.2.2 200.16.2.5 200.16.2.1 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 192.168.30.1 192.168.99.1 200.16.2.6 192.168.10.2 192.168.20.2 192.168.30.2 192.168.99.2 192.168.99.31 192.168.99.32 192.168.99.33 192.168.20.10 192.168.10.20 192.168.10.10 192.168.20.30 192.168.30.20

Mscara de subred 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

Puerta de Enlace NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.2 192.168.20.1 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 192.168.30.2

S3_1

VLAN20 VLAN30 VLAN99 Fa0/4 VLAN10

S3_1

VLAN20 VLAN30 VLAN99

S1 S2 S3 Servidor Impresora PC1 PC2 PC3

VLAN99 VLAN99 VLAN99 NIC NIC NIC NIC NIC

Configuraciones
S3_1#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3_1 ! ip routing ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no switchport ip address 200.16.2.1 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/4 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 - 0/2 ! interface Vlan10 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan30 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.0 ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.10.0 network 192.168.20.0 network 192.168.99.0 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 FastEthernet0/1 ! end S1#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S1 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 20 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport access vlan 30 switchport mode access S3_2#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3_2 ! ip routing ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/4 no switchport ip address 200.16.2.6 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 - 0/2 ! interface Vlan10 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan20 ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan30 ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.2 255.255.255.0 ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.10.0 network 192.168.20.0 network 192.168.30.0 network 192.168.99.0 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 FastEthernet0/4 ! end ! interface FastEthernet0/4 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.31 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.1 ! end

S2#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S2 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 30 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access S3#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 ! interface FastEthernet0/4 switchport access vlan 20 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.33 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.1 ! end

! interface FastEthernet0/4 - 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.32 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.2 ! end R1#show running-config version 12.4 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R1 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 200.16.2.2 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 200.16.2.5 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! router rip version 2 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ! end

Errores encontrados en las configuraciones 1. Incongruencia en la configuracin de la VLAN nativa en el enlace troncal entre la Fa0/4 del conmutador multinivel S3_1 y la Fa0/1 del conmutador multinivel S3_2. 2. La configuracin del protocolo de enrutamiento en el conmutador multinivel S3_1 esta incompleta, falta declarar la red 192.168.30.0/24 correspondiente a la VLAN30 3. Existe una incongruencia entre el segmento de red correspondiente a la VLAN asignada al puerto Fa0/3 del conmutador S1 y el segmento de red del dispositivo conectado a dicho puerto.

Soluciones Propuestas 1. Configurar la VLAN nativa 99 en el puerto Fa0/1 del conmutador multinivel S3_2 de tal forma que coincida con la VLAN nativa del otro extremo de este enlace troncal 2. Declarar la red 192.168.30.0/24 correspondiente a la VLAN30 en el protocolo de enrutamiento RIP del conmutador multinivel S3_1 3. Asignar el puerto Fa0/3 del conmutador S1 a la VLAN10 cuyo segmento de red coincide con el dispositivo conectado a dicho puerto. Red Propuesta

Dispositivo R1

Interfaz Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/1 VLAN10

Direccin IP 200.16.2.2 200.16.2.5 200.16.2.1 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 192.168.30.1 192.168.99.1 200.16.2.6 192.168.10.2 192.168.20.2 192.168.30.2 192.168.99.2 192.168.99.31 192.168.99.32

Mscara de subred 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

Puerta de Enlace NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.1

S3_1

VLAN20 VLAN30 VLAN99 Fa0/4 VLAN10

S3_1

VLAN20 VLAN30 VLAN99

S1 S2

VLAN99 VLAN99

Dispositivo S3 Servidor Impresora PC1 PC2 PC3 Configuraciones

Interfaz VLAN99 NIC NIC NIC NIC NIC

Direccin IP 192.168.99.33 192.168.20.10 192.168.10.20 192.168.10.10 192.168.20.30 192.168.30.20

Mscara de subred 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

Puerta de Enlace 192.168.99.2 192.168.20.1 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 192.168.30.2

S3_1#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3_1 ! ip routing ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no switchport ip address 200.16.2.1 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/4 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 - 0/2 ! interface Vlan10 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan30 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.0 ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.10.0 network 192.168.20.0 network 192.168.30.0 network 192.168.99.0 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 FastEthernet0/1 ! end

S3_2#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3_2 ! ip routing ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/4 no switchport ip address 200.16.2.6 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 - 0/2 ! interface Vlan10 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan20 ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan30 ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.2 255.255.255.0 ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.10.0 network 192.168.20.0 network 192.168.30.0 network 192.168.99.0 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 FastEthernet0/4 ! end

S1#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S1 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 20 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/4 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.31 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.1 ! end S3#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S3 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/3 ! interface FastEthernet0/4 switchport access vlan 20 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/5 - 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.33 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.1 ! end

S2#show running-config version 12.2 hostname S2 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk native vlan 99 switchport mode trunk ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 30 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport access vlan 10 switchport mode access ! interface FastEthernet0/4 - 0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 - 1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Vlan99 ip address 192.168.99.32 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.99.2 ! end

R1#show running-config version 12.4 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R1 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 200.16.2.2 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 200.16.2.5 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! router rip version 2 network 200.16.2.0 ! ip classless ! end