17

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32
40
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3.
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, X 'Y ', ..
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(10)

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(9) :
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9 .
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 . u,
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H 1 T 2 M 0
2

1 + ( T2 )2 + 2 H 12T1T2

[1 + ( T ) ]
2

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M0

1 + ( T2 ) + H 12T1T2
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-v

0.6
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B

v vmax = M 0 2 T1 T .
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2
2
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1 =
2

1
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2

(13)

(13) , H 1 ( 2 H 12T1T2 << 1 )

T2.
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0
1

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 , = ||HZ - .
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1
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4.
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V
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4 Sn
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(uSint + vCost ) ,

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1
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1
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14

 .., 8 .., 9 ..

Uc v u U .
Uc/U10-3I0-5. .
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, . , Uc, (15), , :
B

U = ASin (t + ) .

, .. , ,
>>1/
:

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(16)

(16) Uc Uo , >>1 ,
:
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U g ~ ( u Sin v Cos ) .

(17)

=0, v,
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15

2.
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-
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:
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p.

H Z = H 0 + H p Cos pt , , p
B

1/T2<<p<<. - , , M ,
. ,
,
p. H1<<p, , ,
(11) :
B

u + jv = H 1T2 M 0

k ,n

= H 0 , =

n ( )k ( )[( + np )T2 j ]exp[ j (n k ) pt ]

,
2
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Hp
p

(18)

, n() B

n- , n k . (18) ,
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.. :
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H0 =

np
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. 8. (18) , , (19), . [j(n-k)t], , ,

H 1 , ,
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16

+p

+2p

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17

 5.
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19

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CH2

OH

a
H0

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20

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21

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22

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23

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I1 I2,
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24

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25

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..).

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2 2 2

27

16200
16194
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2
16138

16212

k =0
k = 1
k = 1 ..
k = 2
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, 4 . ..
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in - n- , an- ,
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28

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1.
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30

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31


1.
2.
3.
4.

. . - .: , 1957.
.. . - .: , 1963.
.. . - .: , 1973.
., ., . . - .: , 1962.
5. .., .., .. . - .: , 1972.
6. -. - .: , 1964.
7. .. . T. 1. - M.:
, 1974.

1
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1.
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, ,
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H Z = H0

I
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(I)

ri , i ri
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H 0 . (1) , , , ~ H .
- , 32

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- ,
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H 1 (. (12)).

33

1
.
T2

(II)

1
1
+ H = * ,
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(III)

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.
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2. T1 T2
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UB

UB

UB

UB

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2
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2 c
,
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(IV)

c , ,
[1, 2, 4].
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,
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34

 , , - 2 (. (II)).
- 1 . 1 0, , ,
. w,
1,
0 , :
B

w~

1
2
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~ n(0 ) = H
T1
1 + 0 c

(V)

, T1 T2
(V), 0 c . ,
- T1 T2 :
B

1
3 h 2 4
=
T1 10 r06

c
4 c
+
,

2 2
2 2
1 + 0 c 1 + 40 c

1
3 h 2 4
=
T2 20 r06

5 c
2 c
+
3 c +
,
2 2
1 + 0 c 1 + 402 c2

(VI)

r0 . (VI)
, 0c<<1, ..
,
B

1 1 3 h 2 4
= =
c .
T1 T2 2 r06

(VII)

, 1 2
- . c (..
) 1 2
.
(VI) (VII) ,
2 , ..
1 2
.
, H (t ) ,
(V),
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35

 1 2.
1 2 :
B

2
2
1 4 N p
,
=
T1
kT

(VIII)

2
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2<<1, 2 1, .. .
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2
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36

 ( ). , ,
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~1 .
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:
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( j

j 0 | m1m2 0 ) j1m1 j2 m2 ,

1 2

m1m2

j1m1 j2 m2 , j1 j2 , m1 m2 Z.
, ,
j1m1 j2 m2 . . 16 17 .
. ,
j m
B

j m (. 16a).

m1

m2

m2

|m1 | = |m2 |

m1 = - m2
.

m1

16. :
a m1 = - m2;
b |m1| = | m2 |.
B

37

m=2

m=1

. 17. :
a m1= 2, m2= 1 ; b .
B

(l1 = l2) ,
: S1=-S2. (m1=-m2)
( ) m1-m2. ,
,
,
,
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( ) .

. 1937 .
B

= j = l + s

gl=1, gS=5,5886 gl=0,

gS=-3,8263,
(. 3 [7]).
B

I =l+

1
,
2

1
I =l ,
2

1
2

= p ,n + g l ( p , n ) I ,
I
3

=
p ,n + g l ( p , n ) I + .
I +1
2

(I)

p,n
, , B

38

 . (I) , S l l .

, p1/2 (l=1, I=1/2) =0,64 (

=-1,91).
136C (=0,70). 157 N . ,
136C ( 157 N ) () p1/2, 136C (1s1/2)4(1p3/2)81p1/2 (. [7]).
(I) (. [7]),
,
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. , .

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39

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, .
3
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:
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j = l+s,

. 18 ( s ), ( l ) ( j ) (), s , l j .

j*

j
S

l l

. 18. s l
j , j .

gl gs , j j
B

. l s
40

 j . j . s , l
j
j .
j* j j , ().
. 18,
s 2 = l 2 + j 2 2ljCos( lj ) ,

l 2 = s 2 + j 2 2 sjCos( sj ) .

lCos(lj ) =

j 2 + l2 s2
,
2j

sCos(sj ) =

j 2 + s2 l2
.
2j

j j
(. 18):
B

j* = [g l lCos (lj ) + g s sCos( sj )] ,

(l j) l j , (s j)
s j . (I),

j = gl
*

j 2 + l2 s2
j 2 + s2 l2
+ gs
=
2j
2j

g + gs
l2 s2
= l
+ ( gl g s )
j .
2 j2
2

j = I j* = I , I I . s=1/2,
r

l(l + 1) 3 / 4 r
gl g s
+ ( gl g s )
I .
2 I ( I + 1)
2

I =

I , ,
41

 mIh |mI|
I. I (. 1)
I Z max ( ),
, :
B

l(l + 1) 3 / 4
gl + g s
+ ( gl g s )
I = g I I .
2 I ( I + 1)
2

gl=1, gs=5,5886 gl=0, gs=-3,8263 , .

B

1
1
I =l+ ,
= p ,n + g l ( I ) ,
2
2
1
I
{ p ,n + g l ( I + 3 ) }.
=
I =l ,
2
2
I +1

p,n ,
.
B

4
U

,
U

1
1.
2.
3.

4.

H2O c CuSO4

H2O

C2H5OH
B

CH3C00H
B

H
H

H
O

|
|
C C O H
|
|

||
|
C C O H
|
H

42

H
C

5.

H
H

C6H12

H
C

H
H

C6H6

C
H

H
6.

O
P

(H)2P(H)O
B

H
H

7.

H
H

(CH3O)2P(H)O
B

H
B

P
H

H
H H
H
8.

(2H5O)2P(H)O
B

H
H

H
H

O
P

. 3 8
.

43