Leksyutina Book US-China

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66.4(7 , 5 )
ISBN 978-5-94396-070-3
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...................................................................................................... 9
1. -
.................................................................................. 11
1.1. -
.............................................................................. 11
1.2. -
..................................................................................... 31
1.3. :
............................................................. 57
1.4. - -
................................................................................................ 73
1.5. -
- ................................. 85
2.
..................................................................................... 101
2.1.
- .................................................................. 101
2.2. .......... 122
2.3.
:
.................................................................................. 139
3
3. -
XXI .............................................................. 155
3.1. . -
- 20012008 .... 155
3.2.
. -
20092011 ....................................................... 188
............................................................................................. 208
........................................................ 213
............................................................................... 228
CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................. 7
Chapter1.MAJOR ISSUES IN THE U.S.-CHINA BILATERAL
RELATIONSHIP ...................................................................................... 11
1.1. Taiwan issue ................................................................................. 11
1.2. Religious freedom issue ............................................................. 31
1.3. Internet ifreedom issue ................................................................ 57
1.4. Trade and economic issues ........................................................... 73
1.5. Freedom of navigation issue and South China Sea issue .......... 85
Chapter 2. REGIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE U.S.-CHINA
COMPETITION ..................................................................................... 101
2.1. Competition for influence between the U.S. and China
in Southeast Asia .......................................................................... 101
2.2.U.S.-China rivalry in Sub-Saharan Africa ............................... 122
2.3.Expansion of Chinas economic engagement
with Latin America and the Caribbean: a reality of challenge
to Washington ............................................................................... 139
Chapter3.U.S.-CHINA RELATIONSHIP IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT .. 155

3.1. George W. Bush administration policy toward China
and the development of the U.S.-China relatioship
in the years of 20012008 ................................................................... 155
3.2. U.S. foreign policy toward China under B. Obama, Americas
first pacific president, and the development of the U.S.-China
relatioship in the years of 20092011 .......................................... 188
Conclusion ................................................................................................ 208
Bibliography ............................................................................................ 213
Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 228
Introduction
Amongst variety and diversity of bilateral relations in the world one
of the most important ones that set the trend in the transformation of
the international system in the 21st century are those between the U.S.
and China. Due to the significant roles that the U.S. and China play in
world politics, the importance of the relations between the two countries is
far beyond the bilateral scope, it gains regional implications, far-reaching
strategic significance and global influence.
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1979, U.S.-China ties
have expanded substantially and become richer in content. Once focused on
a relatively limited circle of bilateral concerns, the U.S.-China relationship
has broadened to encompass a wide range of bilateral, regional and global
issues. Contemporary U.S.-China relations are complex, multifaceted
and intertwined. Elements of cooperation, coordination and even political
accord co-exist with vigorous competition and frictions conditioned by
continuing bilateral issues.
Official estimations of the contemporary U.S.-China relationship given
by the leaders of the two countries during high-level meetings more often
than not are positive and optimistic ones. In their joint statements the two
heads of state usually put an emphasis on potential spheres of bilateral
and multilateral cooperation, common interests that the two countries
share in regional and global affairs, and the two countries commitment
to develop cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual
benefit. Yet, in reality the official rhetoric of the two countries leaders is
covering serious contradictions between the two powers.
To comprehend all the nuances of the contemporary U.S.-China
relations it is necessary to analyze both traditional and relatively new
issues in the bilateral interaction. The first chapter of this monograph
analyzes in details all major issues in the contemporary U.S.-China
7
bilateral relationship including Taiwan issue, religious freedom issue,

internet freedom issue, freedom of navigation issue and the South China
Sea issue, a broad range of trade and economic issues.
Apart from the bilateral contradictions driven by the two countries
very different political systems and economic models, and reflected in
the form of negative expectations concerning their respective intentions
and low levels of mutual strategic trust, another distinctive feature of
the contemporary U.S.-China relationship is aggravation of the U.S.China rivalry in various regions of the world. The second chapter of this
monograph provides an overview of U.S.-China competition for influence
in three developing regions Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and
Latin America and the Caribbean. The selection of these three particular
regions for analysis of U.S.-China regional competition phenomenon is not
sporadic. Southeast Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean are regions
that border China and the U.S. respectively. Such geographic proximity
presupposes the two countries sensitivity over each others involvement
in a region traditionally viewed as its natural sphere of influence. Each
others enhanced engagement with its neighboring region is perceived by
both the U.S. and China very sharply. Sub-Saharan Africa, in turn, is
equally distant from the U.S. and China region that over last decade have
attracted great attention of the two countries.
Not limited to analyzing bilateral and regional dimensions of the
U.S.-China relationship, this monograph also investigates the dynamic of
the U.S.-China interactions in a broader global context. Aggravation or
downplaying the U.S.-China contradictions and tensions are observed in
close connection with the events on the international arena that highlighted
the necessity of cooperation between the two countries. The third chapter
of the monograph dedicated to the evolution of the U.S.-China relations
in a global context in the years of 20012011 is organized in accordance
with the U.S. presidencies of George W. Bush and B. Obama whose initial
foreign policy orientations toward China differed to a great extent.

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Lum Th. Internet Development and Information Control in the PRC. 10.02.2006.
P. 6 // URL: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33167.pdf
61
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Lum Th. Op. cit.

Computer information network and Internet security, protection and management regulations. 11.12.1997. Article 5 // URL: http://www.lehmanlaw.com/resourcecentre/laws-and-regulations/information-technology/computer-information-networkand-internet-security-protection-and-management-regulations-1997.html
69
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Kong, and Macau). 8.04.2011. P. 3035 // URL: http://www.state.gov/documents/
66

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2009 .]. 12.03.2010 // URL: http://www.scio.gov.cn/zxbd/wz/201003/t571395.htm
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Remarks by President Barack Obama at Town Hall meeting with future Chinese
leaders. 16.11.2009 // URL: http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-barack-obama-town-hall-meeting-with-future-chinese-leaders
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Lum Th. Op. cit. P. 11.
68
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79.

(Global Online Freedom Act). 2009 .

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78
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H.R.2271. Global Online Freedom Act of 2009. 6.05.2009 // URL: http://thomas.
loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c111:H.R.2271:
81
Lum Th., Fischer H. Human Rights in China: Trends and Policy Implications.
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82
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70
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Ibid. P. 33.
Global Network Initiative // URL: http://www.globalnetworkinitiative.org/
71
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Drummond D. A New Approach to China. 12.01.2010 // URL: http://googleblog.
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[ 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2002] //
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81

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89
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(36%), (14,4%)
(7,4%).
, ,
, ,
.

- , 2002 .,
. - (Enterprise for ASEAN Initiative),

- . . :

(TIFA).
, , , , , , , . 2004 .
. :
, 2009 .
.

, .
- .
112
2010 . 4% 157 .8 2010 . - .

, 2010 . 67,3%.
11,3% . ,
.
,
2010 .
. () ;
, .
-
, ,
. ,
2000 2009. 5,5 ,
32,39 178,2 ., 4,3% 11,6%10. 2009 .
. ,
. , , 2009 . 213
., 2010. 292,8 .11
8
: U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment
Position Data. Annual Data. Country Detail // URL: http://www.bea.gov/international/
di1usdbal.htm
9
ASEAN statistical yearbook 2008. Jakarta: The ASEAN Secretariat, 2009. P. 7879.
10
ASEAN trade by selected partner country/region, 2009. 15.07.2010 // URL: http://
www.aseansec.org/stat/Table19.pdf
11
2010 [
, 2010]. 28.02.2011 // URL:
113
-
, , , ,
(. . 5), 2009. 97,6%
. , , 1
.12
5. 2000 ., 2009 .
( .)

2000
2009
0,07
0,42
2,47
21,05
7,46
28,39
0,22
0,94
0,04
0,75
8,04
51,97
0,62
2,90
10,82
47,86
6,62
38,19
3,14
20,54
39,52
213,00
: // URL: http://www.stats.
gov.cn/
,
,
. 2000 . . ,
2002 . 12
2010 [ 2010]
// URL: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2010/indexch.htm
114
,
10- . 2004 . , 2007 .
.
,
11 1,9 , 1 2010. ,
, ,
- . , ,
, ,
.

, - . 2010 .,
, ,
- - .
2010. 2,7 ., 3,2 3,1 , 13.
, 2010 .
14,4 . 4,5% . , , . , , 2003.
0,6 ., 1,8%
14.
13
Foreign direct investment net inflows to ASEAN from selected partner countries/
regions. 15.07.2011 // URL: http://www.aseansec.org/stat/Table26.pdf
14
: 2010 [ , 2010]. . 3637; 4243 // URL: http://hzs.mofcom.gov.cn/accessory/201109/1316069604368.pdf
115
-
, ,
. . 2010. 4,4 ., 6,4%
. 2010 .
, , , .
, , , , 2010. - .
, 2009. .
-

, -
-,
- , -
. , , -.

-,

.
,
, .
-
, ,
, , ,
116
. ,
, , , .
, - 20052006 .
- . 2000 2009.
3: 170 545 .15 ,
. , 2009 . - 2,1%.
- ,
, 2005.
. 2009 .
92,5% .
-
11 2001., .
- ,
, ,
, . , 2002. . , , 2001. 49,6 .,
2002. 131,3 .
, ,
, , 16.
15
-
: Congressional Budget Justifications for Foreign Operations // URL: http://www.
state.gov/s/d/rm/rls/cbj/index.htm
16
Lum Th. U.S. Foreign aid to East and South Asia: selected recipients. 8.10.2008.
P. 23 // URL: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL31362.pdf
117
. 2009.
34% .
: 94,5
. 2000. 263,1 . 2009.
. 2009 . 56,6%
. 2005 .,
,
. , , 2005 .
, 1993 .

. , ,
,
,
(Foreign Military Financing, FMF),
..

, . 2009 . 65,2 . .
,
. 2007 .
1997.
, ,
, 17.
: 2005 .,
12,95 . 2004. 33,4 ., 2007 ., 39,75 . 2006. 61,2 . , .
2009. 83%
17
Lum Th. U.S. Foreign aid to East and South Asia: selected recipients... P. 14.
118
.
(Presidents
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, PEPFAR).
-

-
. ,
18.
, , ,
. 2009 . ,

- .

10 ., 15 ., 6,7 .
19.
,
,
, 20. , , 20022003 .
21.

,
18
Lum Th. Chinas assistance and government-sponsored investment activities in
Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. 25.11.2009. P. 14 // URL: http://www.fas.
org/sgp/crs/row/R40940.pdf
19
.
-. 4.01.2010 // URL: http://russian.people.com.cn/31518/6858184.html
20
Lum Th. Comparing global influence: Chinas and U.S. diplomacy, foreign aid,
trade, and investment in the developing world.15.08.2008. P. 84 // www.fas.org/sgp/crs/
row/RL34620.pdf
21
Kurlantzick J. Chinas charm: implications of Chinese soft power. 2006, June. P. 3
// URL: http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/PB_47_FINAL.pdf
119

, ,
. , 2003. ,
, ,
200 .22 2006. , ,
49 .
23.

, , .
,
: ,
. , 2006 .

24. , , 2009 . 20 , - ,
1,2 . 25.
***
,
,
22
Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
2010. November. P. 121 // www.uscc.gov/annual_report/2010/annual_report_full_10.pdf
23
Lum Th. Comparing global influence: Chinas and U.S. diplomacy, foreign aid,
trade, and investment in the Developing World.15.08.2008. P. 86 // www.fas.org/sgp/crs/
row/RL34620.pdf
24
Ibid. P. 86.
25
Beijings moneyed advance on Southeast Asia // CBCNews. 8.03.2010 // URL:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2010/03/05/f-china-economic-muscle.html
120
. - , ,
,

(, ,
),
, , .
-
. ,
, .
- ,
.
,
- ,
, , , .

. ,
. ,
,
-
- . -
, ,
,
- .
121
2.2.

. ,
,

,
.
, , , , , , , .

. , - .

.
,
. , , . 12% .
- ,
32% 9% 26.
18%, 33% 27.
, 510
26
Lyman P. China and US in Africa: a strategic competition or an opportunity for
cooperation? P. 3 // URL: http://www.cfr.org/content/thinktank/ChinaandUS_Africa.pdf
27
Vines A. Thirst for African oil. P. 20 // URL: http://www2.lse.ac.uk/IDEAS/publications/reports/pdf/SU004/vines.pdf
122
40%28, .. .
,
. ,
, , , , , , , .
, , ,

.
, , , , , , , , 29.
.

, ,
.
, .

. , ,
, .
, ,
, .

1970-.,
,
, . ,
28
Ibid.
. - : //
. 2006. 11. . 42.
29
123
, . ,

.
,
, , , , ,
.

.
, .
2010 . , .

1990- . .
,
2000 . (; African Growth and Opportunity Act, G),
,
- .
, .

. ,
,
1976 . 124
. ,
4600 ,
1800 .

,
30 2015 .
,

,
.
: , ; ; ;
; .
,
, . ,
2010 .
, . 2011. ()
.
2011. 36 48 30.
. , 2010 .
65 ., 2000.
3 , 23,5 . (. . 1)31.
16,5 50,7 .,
70,2% 78%32.
30
AGOA preferences: country eligibility // URL: http://web.ita.doc.gov/tacgi/eamain.
nsf/d511529a12d016de852573930057380b/8a3cec919226ed0f852573940048b050?Open
Document
31
National trade data // URL: http://tse.export.gov/TSE/ChartDisplay.aspx
32
Ibid.
125
. 1. ,
20002010 . ( .)
: International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce // URL: http://tse.export.gov/TSE/ChartDisplay.aspx
, , , , ,
. , 2010 . 97%, 98%, 99%, 99%,
92%33. , , , , ,
.
, , , ,
, , , 90% 34. ,
33
Bi-lateral trade overview // URL: http://agoa.info/index.php?view=country_
info&country=ng
34
Africa: we need a new US trade framework. 23.02.2011 // URL: http://agoa.info/
index.php?view=.&story=news&subtext=1385
126
,
,
.
.

,
, . , 2930 2001., . -
,
. ,
200 ., , .

,
.

.
: ,
, , . , .
,

.
2000 .

(. . 2). , 2000 2009 . 4 7,2 29,2 .35.
35
: U.S. direct investment abroad: balance of payments and direct
investment position data. Annual data. Country detail // URL: http://www.bea.gov/international/di1usdbal.htm
127
.
30
20
10
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007

2008
2009
. 2. , 20002009 .
( .)
: U.S. Department of Commerce // URL: http://www.bea.gov/
international/di1usdbal.htm
. 3.
2009 . ( %)
: U.S. Department of Commerce // URL: http://www.bea.gov/
international/di1usdbal.htm
- 2009 . , , ,
(. . 3)36. ,

.
36
: U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: balance of payments and direct
investment position data. Annual data. Country detail.
128
,
, . 2009 .
0,8% 3508 . 37.
:

. : 2006.
;
2010 . - ; 2000 .
-
- .
,

.
.
,
- , - . 2000 2009. 10,6 . 91 .38 2009.
, ,
87 .
- .
37
: U.S. Direct Investment abroad...

10 -
// -.
11.10.2010 // URL: http://russian.people.com.cn/31521/7161549.html
38
129
.
, . , .
, ,
, , , . .

2005. .
, -
, . .
2010 .
4700 . 2005.
2010 .
1,32 ., , , , , , .39. 95%.
. 2009 .
9,33 . ,
, , . 2009.
1,44 ., 2,6% 40.
2009 . ,
(. . 4).
39
. 2011. // URL:
http://www.scio.gov.cn/zxbd/wz/201104/t896471.htm
40
2009 [
, 2009]. . 11 // URL: http://hzs.
mofcom.gov.cn/accessory/201009/1284339524515.pdf
130
. 4.
2009 . ( %)
: // URL: http://hzs.mofcom.gov.cn/
accessory/201009/1284339524515.pdf
(29,2%), (22%), (15,8%), (13,9%) .

,
.
. , 28 .
,
.
1
. ,
41.

. 41
.., .. . // URL: http://www.inafran.ru/ru/content/view/142/41/
131
(). 2009 .
() 7,7 ., 16%
, 42. . -
28,3% (. .5)43.
2009 .
, , .

. . 2003 . , , .
20032010 .

32,4 .44 2008 . ,
48 .
2009 . 2013 .
. 16 .
2004 . ,
.
,
,
( ) 42
Development aid at a glance. Statistics by region: Africa. 2011 edition. P. 2 //
URL: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/40/27/42139250.pdf
43
Aid statistics, donor aid charts: U.S. 20082009 // URL: http://www.oecd.org/
dataoecd/42/30/44285539.gif
44
PEPFAR funding: investments that save lives and promote security. 2011. February // URL: http://www.pepfar.gov/documents/organization/80161.pdf
132
. 5. ,
20082009 . ( .)
: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development // URL:
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/30/44285539.gif
.
:
, 5- , , ; ,
, , .
, , -, , ,
, , , , .
4,4 110 . () 698 . ()45. , , , ,
, - , , .
, . 2009 .,
3,5 . (Feed the Future)
45
Millennium challenge corporation, countries and country tools // URL: http://
www.mcc.gov/pages/countries
133

(Global Health Initiative) 63 .

,
.
.
-
, .

, , ,
( ),
, ,
, . ,
(, ,
, ).
, , , ,
. , 2007.
625 ., 44% 46.

: 2009. 45,7%47.
,
46
. : Lum Th. Comparing global influence: Chinas and U.S. diplomacy,
foreign aid, trade, and investment in developing world. 15.08.2008. P. 134 // URL: http://
www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34620.pdf
47
. 2011. // URL:
http://www.scio.gov.cn/zxbd/wz/201104/t896471.htm
134
23% 15
20 . . , 2006 .
- 12,5 .,
80% , , ,
48. 4-
10 .49
. 2000 2009. 312 35 2,8 .50
.
2009. 142 ,
14 ,
51. , , .

, , ,
48
Lum Th. Comparing global influence... P. 135

Speech by H.E. Wen Jiabao at the opening ceremony of the 4th Ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa cooperation. 10.11.2009 // URL: http://www.fmprc.
gov.cn/zflt/eng/dsjbzjhy/zyjh/t627391.htm
50
- - .
2010. // URL: http://russian.china.org.cn/government/archive/baipishu/txt/201102/01/content_21857455.htm
51
.
49
135
.

- . .
,
.
, ,
, , , ,
. 690923 2009/2010 .
32121
52. , 4,6%
.
(Fulbright),
. 20082009
331 , 7,4%
, 53.
, ,
, , 54. .
, 2008 . , , , .
, .
52
Open doors 2010 regional fact sheet: Sub Saharan Africa, international students
in the U.S. // URL: http://www.iie.org/en/Research-and-Publications/Open-Doors/Data/
Fact-Sheets-by-Region
53
William J. Fulbright annual report. 20082009. P. 70 // URL: http://fulbright.
state.gov/uploads/ce/34/ce34fcd6b62b90e41d83d2b77ba1040d/2008-2009-FulbrightAnnual-Report.pdf
54
Ibid. P. 71.
136

, (Higher Education for Development).
,
18
. 2002.
(Africa
Education Initiative), 39
, .

, ,
,
.
, - ,
-
. , 238184 ,
2009., 5% -55.
4824 , 26,4%
, 56.
:
2000 . 1 400 -, 2005 .
2800, 2007. 5900, 2009. 1190057.

. ,
-
55
2009 [ : , 2009] // URL: http://www.cafsa.org.cn/index.php?mid=6
56

57
.
137
2009., 2012. 5500.

2000 .
,
, ,
, , , , , . 2010 .
30 . 20 58.
. . ,
2009 .
50 - , 1500
,
20 . .
-

. , ,
16 : , , , , , (3 ), , , ,
(2 ), , , , ,
(4 ).
***
, .
.
. ,
,
. , 58
- - .
2010. .
138
, - , . , , ,
,
.

, ,
.
, ,
.

- , .
, , , .
2.3.
:

, ,

. -
,

.

139
1949.
- ,
, ,
.

- ,
, .
.
- , , ,

.
XXI .
. , , ,
.
-
, , .
.
-
-
.

, ,

140
,

.
, , , ,
.
,
,
. -
2009 .,
2006. 2010 . ,
2008 ., 665,3 .,
59.

. , 1990- . 60% , 2009 .
38,6%.
1% 1990- . 7,6% 2009 .
, 2009 .
33,1 9,5% 60.
2010 . 663 ., 59% .

12,3%, 8,5%,
,
.
59

: http://tse.export.gov/TSE/ChartDisplay.aspx
60
The PRC and Latin America and the Caribbean: towards a strategic relationship.
2010, May. P. 12 // URL: http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/1/39521/China_Latin_
America_Caribbean_strategic_relationship_906.pdf
141
, , , , .
, , , . , 30%
.
- . 2010. 17% 61,
. -
. 2000 2009. 16,320,3% 62. ,
,
- 2,5
267 . 2000. 679 . 2009.
, , ,
. , 2009 . 63% .
, -
: 2009 .
39%, 22,5%, 9%,
5,8%, 5,6%, 3,1%, 2,7%
2,5%. - .
. , 2009 . 62,2%
, 26,7%,
61
Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2010. 2011, May.
P. 9 // URL: http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/0/43290/2011-138-LIEI_2010-WEB_
INGLES.pdf
62
: U.S. Direct Investment
Abroad: balance of payments and direct investment position data. Annual data. Country
detail // URL: http://www.bea.gov/international/di1usdbal.htm
142

15,8%.

-

. 2000
2010 . 14,5 , 12,6 183 .,

2,9% 2001 . 6,1% 2010 .63
3,6 , ,
. , 2010 . 50%.

64.
- .
, 2008 . 13%
, 11% , 9% , 7% - 7% . 27%, 11%,
11%, , 10%65.

, , . ,

. , ,

63
[
] // URL: http://www.e-to-china.
com.cn/Business/smkx/jmsp/2011/0406/95656.html
64
-
.: ... . // . 2006. 5. . 6674; 6. . 2838.
65
The PRC and Latin America and the Caribbean: Towards a Strategic Relationship. 2010. May. P. 15 // URL: http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/1/39521/China_
Latin_America_Caribbean_strategic_relationship_906.pdf
143
.
, -
. 20082009 .
26% 28% , 5%66.
, -
,
. -

( 2005 .), ( 2009 .) - ( 2010 .)
.
.

, 2010 .
43,9 ., 13,8%
,
2010 . 10,5 ., 15,3%
67.
,

, 95%

.
(
), 2010.
3,4 ., 922 .
66
The PRC and Latin America and the Caribbean: Towards a Strategic Relationship. 2010, May. . 9.
67
2010 [
, 2010]. . 36, 40, 42, 46 // URL:
http://hzs.mofcom.gov.cn/accessory/201109/1316069604368.pdf
144

, , , 68. , , 2010 . (52,8%),
(15,1%), (10,2%).
, , , ,
( 2,8 3,7%).

, . . ,
2010 .
China National Oil Offshore Corporation 50%
Bridas
3,1 . 2010 .
Statoil Sinochem 40% Peregrino 3,1 .
2010 . :
Sinopec 7,1 . 40%
Repsol. 17,8 .

. 2011 .
Sinopec
Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2,45 ., 23 .
2010 .
-4. , 20 . 10 .
68
.
145
- , -4 .
. 2010 .
10- .
Petrobras
10 10
. 2010.
1 . , Petroecuador 2013.

. , 2010 .
, - .
,
.
-2014
-2016.
,
- . 2010 .

, 9% ,
69.

-
, 69
P. 9.
Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2010. 2011, May.
146

. ,
, .
.
- 8%, , , 3,5 , 70.
- .
,
. , 2009 .
2 .,
, , 29%71.
,
.
,

1960- ., .
(Alliance for Progress). 1980-.,
,

.

,
.
70
Aid statistics, donor aid charts: U.S, 20082009 // URL: http://www.oecd.org/
dataoecd/42/30/44285539.gif
71
Development aid at a glance. Statistics by region: America. 2011 edition. P. 4 //
URL: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/40/27/42139250.pdf
147
2000 .
.
2010 .
, , , .
: 2009. 35%
; 20%
, ,
; 18% , ,
, , , ; 15% ; 6% , ; 5%
(Food for Peace)72.
-
2009.
. 2000 .
.
(Plan Colombia),
, ,
11 2001 .,
,
.
2008 . .
(Colombia Strategic Development Initiative, CSDI) 72
Congressional budget justification, foreign assistance, summary tables, fiscal year
2011. P. 7 // URL: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/138174.pdf
148

.

, ,
.
2001 . (Andean Counterdrug Program)
, , , ,
.
. , ,

, , , ,
.
,
. , ,

.
.
2009 . , , 2000 2008 .
,
2174 . . 22 2007.
(Merida Initiative)
149
1,4 . . 20092010.
1 .73,
.
2009 . .
(Caribbean Basin Security Initiative, CBSI),
, , ,
.
,
,
.
, , - .
,

.

, ,
( )
.
5-
,
,
.
,
73
: Congressional Budget Justification, Foreign Assistance, Summary Tables, Fiscal Year 2011. P. 7, 10, 12, 16, 19 // URL: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/138174.pdf
150
780 ., ,
107 .74
(Presidents
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, PEPFAR) . ,

. 2009. 17% .

.-. .
. ,

.
-
, ,

. , , , ,

. ,
. ,

10%
74
Millennium Challenge Corporation, Countries and Country Tools // URL: http://
www.mcc.gov/pages/countries
151
, 75.
- , 2002 2007. -
26,7 . , 28%
(
, , , ), 1% 76.
- , - . ,
, - 2010 .

. 1997.
(Caribbean Development Bank), 2009. (Inter-American Development Bank).

. , 2000 .
12 .
, , . 2007 .
530 . , .
2007. , ,
, 77.
75
. : Lum Th. Comparing Global Influence... P. 162

. : Lum Th., Fischer H. Chinas foreign aid activities in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. 25.02.2009. P. 14. // URL: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/
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77
. : Lum Th. Comparing Global Influence... P. 163.
76
152

. , 2007. 15
.78

. ,
2004 ., , 2007., 2010. 2010.
,
. , , -2007, -,
, , -
.
2004 .79 : 2004 . , 2005 . ,
2007 . -
. ,

33
21
, 12 ,
.
***

-
, . - ,
, ,
78
China Cancels Debt Owed by Guyana. 13.07.2007 // URL: http://jamaica-gleaner.
com/gleaner/20070713/business/business7.html
79
Lum Th. Comparing Global Influence...
153
,
.
, , - , ,

. , , -

,
,
.
3

-
XXI
3.1.
. - -
20012008
. -
- .
. 1 .,
, - .
,
,
(
),

. .
1
Speech of Republican Presidential Nominee George W. Bush China and Russia
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2001 ., . -
. , .
, , ,
,
,
- , .
-
2001 .
, . 1 2001 .

- 2. - .
, 40
,
. 2001.
:
, ,

.
-
.
, . ,

2
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,
,

3. ,
, ,
.
, ,
.
,
.

. 4.
,
,
2008.,
.
,
, . .
. Weekly Standard
. ,
5.
2011 . .

3
htm
Daily press briefing. 4.04.2001 // URL: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/dpb/2001/2007.
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. 4 2001.
5
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, . . ,
24 2001. .
1992 . ,
.

. , 100
, ,
,
, . , 1970- .
2 1954 .
. .
,
,
6.

- ,

, .
- XIV, 23 ,
50- .
2001 .

, .
2001 . . ,
. ,
, , 6
Good Morning America: Interview with Pres. Bush on his First 100 days // ABC
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, .
.
, 2008.,
13 2001.7
. 8, 19
9. , . 2001 .
.
,
.
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(African Growth
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TPP)
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Chapter3.U.S.-CHINA RELATIONSHIP IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT .. 155

bilateral relationship including Taiwan issue, religious freedom issue,

Snyder C. US Officials Hint at Meeting with Chen // Taipei Times. 24.02.2006. P. 3.

Global Internet Filtering Map. 2011 // URL: http://map.opennet.net/filtering-pol.

2000 ( 261010440 ) , 18 3000 10000 (1566052200 ) 68.

Lum Th. Op. cit.

Lum Th. Op. cit. P. 11.

: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration //

: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade

: 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2002

- 2010 // URL: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2010/indexch.htm

Morrison W. Op. cit. P. 2829.

2010 . 4% 157 .8 2010 . - .

: U.S. Direct Investment abroad...

(29,2%), (22%), (15,8%), (13,9%) .

Lum Th. Comparing global influence... P. 135

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