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2. Enrutamiento bsico 3. Introduccin a los protocolos de enrutamiento dinamico 4. Protocolos de enrutamiento por vector distancia 5. Rip version1 6. VLSM y CIDR(buscar) 7. RIPv2 8. Tablas de enrutamiento: estudio detallada 9. EIGRP(practicar) 10. Protocolos de enrutamiento de estado enlace 11. OSPF 12. Diseo de lan 13. Configuracin bsica de switch(repasar) 14. Vlan 15. VTP(practicar) 16. STP 17. Enrutamiento inter VLAN 18. Conceptos bsicos de la conexin inalambrica
Enrutamiento OSPF:
Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#route ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 area 10
Route 0
Router> Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#inter fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no no shutdown Router(config-if)#route ospf 10 Router(config)#route ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 15
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#end Router# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router# Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#inter se0/0/1 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.10 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down Router(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up
00:21:27: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.5.12 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
00:25:33: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.6.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Route 1 Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.6.5 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#route ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#end
Router# Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/1 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.11 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up no shutdown Router(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up
00:24:40: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.5.12 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
00:25:24: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Route 2
Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.12 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#route ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 area 15 Router(config-router)#end
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int se0/0/1 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
00:21:09: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done Router(config-if)#int se0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.7 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/1 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
00:24:32: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 192.168.6.5 on Serial0/0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Configuracion de switch(vlan)
-----------------------------------------Switch>enable Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname romer1 romer1(config)#exit
VLAN Name
Status
Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16 Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20 Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24 1002 fddi-default 1003 token-ring-default 1004 fddinet-default 1005 trnet-default act/unsup act/unsup act/unsup act/unsup
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ -----1 enet 100001 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 ieee ibm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ports
romer1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. romer1(config)#line console 0 romer1(config-line)#password cisco romer1(config-line)#login romer1(config-line)#line vty 0 15 romer1(config-line)#password cisco romer1(config-line)#login romer1(config-line)#exit romer1(config)#enable password cisco romer1(config)#inter vlan 20 romer1(config-if)#inter fa0/2 romer1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to up % Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 20 romer1(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
romer1(config-if)#exit romer1(config)#inter vlan 20 romer1(config-if)#inter fa0/3 romer1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 romer1(config-if)#exit romer1(config)#exit romer1# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
romer1#show vlan
VLAN Name
Status
Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6
Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10 Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14 Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18 Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 Fa0/23, Fa0/24 20 VLAN0020 1002 fddi-default 1003 token-ring-default 1004 fddinet-default 1005 trnet-default active act/unsup act/unsup act/unsup act/unsup Fa0/2, Fa0/3
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ -----1 enet 100001 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 ieee ibm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ports
Redes VLAN:
Su importancia radica en que pueden separar de forma lgica los ordenadores que estn conectados de manera fsica en una red.
Los ordenadores de los puertos 1,2 y 5 (color amarillo) no pueden ver a los ordenadores de los puertos 3 y 4(color rojo)
Solamente los puertos de color rojo pueden verse entre si , Solamente los puertos de color verde pueden verse entre si y Solamente los puertos de color azul pueden verse entre si.
CONFIGURACION VLAN
Configuracion vlan
Codigo en switch
Asignamos los puertos fa0/2-fa0/13 en VLAN 2 Asignamos los puertos fa0/4-fa0/24 en VLAN 3 Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#inter range fa0/2-13 Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if-range)#exit Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#inter range fa0/14-24 Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if-range)#exit Switch(config)#end
Switch# Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#inter fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#end
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Switch#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration... [OK]
route1>enable route1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. route1(config)#inter fa0/0.1 route1(config-subif)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.1, changed state to up
route1(config-subif)#no shutdown route1(config-subif)#exit route1(config)#inter fa0/0.2 route1(config-subif)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.2, changed state to up
% Configuring IP routing on a LAN subinterface is only allowed if that subinterface is already configured as part of an IEEE 802.10, IEEE 802.1Q, or ISL vLAN.
PROTOCOLO VTP
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255 Number of existing VLANs VTP Operating Mode VTP Domain Name VTP Pruning Mode VTP V2 Mode VTP Traps Generation :5 : Server : : Disabled : Disabled : Disabled
MD5 digest
Configuration last modified by 0.0.0.0 at 0-0-00 00:00:00 Local updater ID is 0.0.0.0 (no valid interface found) Switch>enable Switch#vlan database % Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.
Switch(vlan)#vtp server Device mode already VTP SERVER. Switch(vlan)#vtp domain romer Changing VTP domain name from NULL to romer Switch(vlan)#vtp v2-mode V2 mode enabled. Switch(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. Exiting.... Switch#sh vtp status VTP Version Configuration Revision :2 :1
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255 Number of existing VLANs VTP Operating Mode VTP Domain Name VTP Pruning Mode VTP V2 Mode VTP Traps Generation :5 : Server : romer : Disabled : Enabled : Disabled
MD5 digest
Configuration last modified by 0.0.0.0 at 3-1-93 00:07:25 Local updater ID is 0.0.0.0 (no valid interface found) Switch#
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255 Number of existing VLANs VTP Operating Mode VTP Domain Name VTP Pruning Mode VTP V2 Mode VTP Traps Generation MD5 digest :5 : Server : : Disabled : Disabled : Disabled : 0x7D 0x5A 0xA6 0x0E 0x9A 0x72 0xA0 0x3A
Configuration last modified by 0.0.0.0 at 0-0-00 00:00:00 Local updater ID is 0.0.0.0 (no valid interface found) Switch>enable Switch#vlan database % Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.
Switch(vlan)#vtp client
Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode. Switch(vlan)#vtp domain romer Changing VTP domain name from NULL to romer Switch(vlan)#vtp v2-mode V2 mode enabled. Switch(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. Exiting.... Switch#
Switch#CONF T Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#inter fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#end
SWITCH 6
Switch>enable Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#inter range fa0/1-2 Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SWITCH 7
Switch>enable Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#inter fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#end
Switch>enable Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 10 Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20 Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 30 Switch(config-vlan)#end
Explicacin: Al crearse las Vlan 10,20 y 30 en el servidor Switch5 el protocolo vtp tambin copio automaticamente en los clientes Switch 6 y switch 7 Se puede verificar esto digitando el codigo en cada cliente : Switch#show vlan
Cambiando el nombre a las vlan en el servidor Switch# Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Switch#vlan database % Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode,
as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.
Switch(vlan)#vlan 10 name administracion VLAN 10 modified: Name: administracion Switch(vlan)#vlan 20 name gerencia VLAN 20 modified: Name: gerencia Switch(vlan)#vlan 30 name estudiantes VLAN 30 modified: Name: estudiantes Switch(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. Exiting.... Switch#vlan % Incomplete command. Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name
Status
Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9 Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13 Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17 Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21 Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig1/1 Gig1/2
10 administracion 20 gerencia 30 estudiantes 1002 fddi-default 1003 token-ring-default 1004 fddinet-default 1005 trnet-default
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ -----1 enet 100001 1500 1500 0 0 0 0
Rip version1
Primero configuramos las fastethernet y interface seriales de los routers ,no se confiura los switch y al final se agrega las pc y se configuran.
Router3 Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#route rip Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.4.2 Router(config-router)#end
Router2 Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.3 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up Router(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.7 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#route rip Router(config-router)#network 192.168.4.3 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.4 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.5.7 Router(config-router)#end
Route4 Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.5 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#ip route % Incomplete command. Router(config)#route rip Router(config-router)#network 192.168.5.5 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.6 Router(config-router)#end
Debug ip rip
RIP protocol debugging is on Router#RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.1) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.2.0 metric 3 network 192.168.3.0 metric 2 network 192.168.4.0 metric 1 network 192.168.5.0 metric 2 RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0/0 (192.168.4.2) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.1.0 metric 1 RIP: received v1 update from 192.168.4.3 on Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0 in 2 hops 192.168.3.0 in 1 hops 192.168.5.0 in 1 hops RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.1) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.2.0 metric 3 network 192.168.3.0 metric 2 network 192.168.4.0 metric 1 network 192.168.5.0 metric 2 RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0/0 (192.168.4.2) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.1.0 metric 1 Router#endRIP: received v1 update from 192.168.4.3 on Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0 in 2 hops 192.168.3.0 in 1 hops 192.168.5.0 in 1 hops RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.1) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.2.0 metric 3
network 192.168.3.0 metric 2 network 192.168.4.0 metric 1 network 192.168.5.0 metric 2 RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0/0 (192.168.4.2) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.1.0 metric 1 RIP: received v1 update from 192.168.4.3 on Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0 in 2 hops 192.168.3.0 in 1 hops 192.168.5.0 in 1 hops RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.1) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.2.0 metric 3 network 192.168.3.0 metric 2 network 192.168.4.0 metric 1 network 192.168.5.0 metric 2 RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0/0 (192.168.4.2) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.1.0 metric 1 RIP: received v1 update from 192.168.4.3 on Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0 in 2 hops 192.168.3.0 in 1 hops 192.168.5.0 in 1 hops RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0/0 (192.168.1.1) RIP: build update entries network 192.168.2.0 metric 3 network 192.168.3.0 metric 2 network 192.168.4.0 metric 1 network 192.168.5.0 metric 2 RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0/0 (192.168.4.2)
RIP: build update entries network 192.168.1.0 metric 1 RIP: received v1 update from 192.168.4.3 on Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0 in 2 hops 192.168.3.0 in 1 hops 192.168.5.0 in 1 hops
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route
R R C C C
192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:03, Serial0/0/0 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.5, 00:00:07, Serial0/0/1 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
Router# Router#
Router(config-router)#passive-inter fa0/0
Router(config-router)#end
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router#show ip protocols Routing Protocol is "rip" Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 13 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 1, receive any version Interface Serial0/0/0 Serial0/0/1 Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain 1 1 21 21
Automatic network summarization is in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 192.168.3.0 192.168.4.0 192.168.5.0 Passive Interface(s): FastEthernet0/0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway 192.168.4.2 192.168.5.5 Distance 120 120 Last Update 00:00:14 00:00:27