B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

( thi c 05 trang)

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2012 Mn: HO HC; Khi B Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht M thi 572

H, tn th sinh:.......................................................................... S bo danh:............................................................................

Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t: H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137. I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
CaO, t Cu 1: Cho phng trnh ha hc: 2X + 2NaOH 2CH4 + K2CO3 + Na2CO3 Cht X l B. CH3COONa. C. CH3COOK. D. CH2(COOK)2. A. CH2(COONa)2. Cu 2: Th nghim no sau y chng t trong phn t glucoz c 5 nhm hiroxyl? A. Thc hin phn ng trng bc. B. Cho glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2. C. Tin hnh phn ng to este ca glucoz vi anhirit axetic. D. Kh hon ton glucoz thnh hexan. Cu 3: Cho 0,125 mol anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 27 gam Ag. Mt khc, hiro ho hon ton 0,25 mol X cn va 0,5 mol H2. Dy ng ng ca X c cng thc chung l A. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0). B. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). D. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2). C. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2). Cu 4: Hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X cn 0,24 mol O2, thu c CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Cng thc hai axit l A. CH3COOH v CH2=CHCOOH. B. CH2=CHCOOH v CH2=C(CH3)COOH. C. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH v C2H5COOH. Cu 5: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Tt c cc phn ng ca lu hunh vi kim loi u cn un nng. B. CrO3 tc dng vi nc to ra hn hp axit. C. Ca(OH)2 c dng lm mt tnh cng vnh cu ca nc. D. Trong cng nghip, nhm c sn xut t qung olomit. 2NH3 (k); H = 92 kJ. Hai bin php u lm cn Cu 6: Cho phn ng: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun l A. gim nhit v tng p sut. B. tng nhit v tng p sut. C. tng nhit v gim p sut. D. gim nhit v gim p sut. Cu 7: Ho tan hon ton 0,1 mol FeS2 trong 200 ml dung dch HNO3 4M, sn phm thu c gm dung dch X v mt cht kh thot ra. Dung dch X c th ha tan ti a m gam Cu. Bit trong cc qu trnh trn, sn phm kh duy nht ca N +5 u l NO. Gi tr ca m l A. 9,6. B. 3,2. C. 12,8. D. 6,4. Cu 8: Nguyn t Y l phi kim thuc chu k 3, c cng thc oxit cao nht l YO3. Nguyn t Y to vi kim loi M hp cht c cng thc MY, trong M chim 63,64% v khi lng. Kim loi M l A. Zn. B. Fe. C. Cu. D. Mg. Cu 9: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai este ng phn cn dng 27,44 lt kh O2, thu c 23,52 lt kh CO2 v 18,9 gam H2O. Nu cho m gam X tc dng ht vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c 27,9 gam cht rn khan, trong c a mol mui Y v b mol mui Z (MY < MZ). Cc th tch kh u o iu kin tiu chun. T l a : b l A. 3 : 2. B. 2 : 3. C. 4 : 3. D. 3 : 5. Cu 10: Sc 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt dung dch hn hp Ba(OH)2 0,12M v NaOH 0,06M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 13,79. B. 19,70. C. 23,64. D. 7,88.
o

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Cu 11: Cho s chuyn ho: + FeCl3 to + CO d, t o +T Fe(NO3)3 X Y Z Fe(NO3)3 Cc cht X v T ln lt l A. Fe2O3 v AgNO3. B. FeO v AgNO3. C. Fe2O3 v Cu(NO3)2. D. FeO v NaNO3. Cu 12: Oxi ha 0,08 mol mt ancol n chc, thu c hn hp X gm mt axit cacboxylic, mt anehit, ancol d v nc. Ngng t ton b X ri chia lm hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt cho tc dng ht vi Na d, thu c 0,504 lt kh H2 (ktc). Phn hai cho phn ng trng bc hon ton thu c 9,72 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ancol b oxi ho l A. 40,00%. B. 62,50%. C. 31,25%. D. 50,00%. Cu 13: Khi ni v kim loi kim, pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Kim loi kim c nhit nng chy v nhit si thp. B. Trong t nhin, cc kim loi kim ch tn ti dng hp cht. C. T Li n Cs kh nng phn ng vi nc gim dn. D. Cc kim loi kim c mu trng bc v c nh kim. Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Nguyn t kim loi thng c 1, 2 hoc 3 electron lp ngoi cng. B. Cc kim loi thng c nh kim do cc electron t do phn x nh sng nhn thy c. C. Trong mt chu k, bn knh nguyn t kim loi nh hn bn knh nguyn t phi kim. D. Cc nhm A bao gm cc nguyn t s v nguyn t p. Cu 15: t chy hon ton 50 ml hn hp kh X gm trimetylamin v hai hirocacbon ng ng k tip bng mt lng oxi va , thu c 375 ml hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Dn ton b Y i qua dung dch H2SO4 c (d), th tch kh cn li l 175 ml. Cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin. Hai hirocacbon l A. C3H6 v C4H8. B. C3H8 v C4H10. C. C2H6 v C3H8. D. C2H4 v C3H6. Cu 16: Alanin c cng thc l A. C6H5-NH2. B. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. Cu 17: Trng hp no sau y xy ra n mn in ho? A. Si dy bc nhng trong dung dch HNO3. B. t l st trong kh Cl2. C. Thanh nhm nhng trong dung dch H2SO4 long. D. Thanh km nhng trong dung dch CuSO4. Cu 18: Cho cc cht sau: FeCO3, Fe3O4, FeS, Fe(OH)2. Nu ho tan cng s mol mi cht vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng (d) th cht to ra s mol kh ln nht l A. Fe(OH)2. B. FeS. C. FeCO3. D. Fe3O4. Cu 19: Cho hn hp X gm ancol metylic, etylen glicol v glixerol. t chy hon ton m gam X thu c 6,72 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Cng m gam X trn cho tc dng vi Na d thu c ti a V lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 3,36. B. 6,72. C. 5,60. D. 11,20. Cu 20: Thy phn este X mch h c cng thc phn t C4H6O2, sn phm thu c c kh nng trng bc. S este X tha mn tnh cht trn l A. 4. B. 6. C. 3. D. 5. Cu 21: Cho 0,42 gam hn hp bt Fe v Al vo 250 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,12M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X v 3,333 gam cht rn. Khi lng Fe trong hn hp ban u l A. 0,177 gam. B. 0,150 gam. C. 0,123 gam. D. 0,168 gam. Cu 22: Cho dy chuyn ha sau: +H2 O +H2 +H2 O CaC2 X Y Z H SO , t o Pd/PbCO , t o
3
2 4

Tn gi ca X v Z ln lt l A. axetilen v ancol etylic. C. etilen v ancol etylic.

B. etan v etanal. D. axetilen v etylen glicol.

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Cu 23: Cho 21 gam hn hp gm glyxin v axit axetic tc dng va vi dung dch KOH, thu c dung dch X cha 32,4 gam mui. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 33,50. B. 44,65. C. 50,65. D. 22,35. Cu 24: Cho 29 gam hn hp gm Al, Cu v Ag tc dng va vi 950 ml dung dch HNO3 1,5M, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui v 5,6 lt hn hp kh X (ktc) gm NO v N2O. T khi ca X so vi H2 l 16,4. Gi tr ca m l A. 98,75. B. 97,20. C. 91,00. D. 98,20. Cu 25: Este X l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t l C9H10O2. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, to ra hai mui u c phn t khi ln hn 80. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l C. C6H5COOC2H5. D. CH3COOCH2C6H5. A. HCOOC6H4C2H5. B. C2H5COOC6H5. Cu 26: un nng m gam hn hp gm a mol tetrapeptit mch h X v 2a mol tripeptit mch h Y vi 600 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ). Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c cn dung dch thu c 72,48 gam mui khan ca cc amino axit u c mt nhm COOH v mt nhm NH2 trong phn t. Gi tr ca m l A. 54,30. B. 66,00. C. 44,48. D. 51,72. Cu 27: in phn dung dch hn hp gm 0,1 mol FeCl3, 0,2 mol CuCl2 v 0,1 mol HCl (in cc tr). Khi catot bt u thot kh th anot thu c V lt kh (ktc). Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l 100%. Gi tr ca V l A. 11,20. B. 22,40. C. 4,48. D. 5,60. Cu 28: t 16,2 gam hn hp X gm Al v Fe trong kh Cl2 thu c hn hp cht rn Y. Cho Y vo nc d, thu c dung dch Z v 2,4 gam kim loi. Dung dch Z tc dng c vi ti a 0,21 mol KMnO4 trong dung dch H2SO4 (khng to ra SO2). Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong hn hp X l A. 72,91%. B. 64,00%. C. 37,33%. D. 66,67%. Cu 29: t 5,6 gam Fe trong khng kh, thu c hn hp cht rn X. Cho ton b X tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 18,0. B. 15,6. C. 22,4. D. 24,2. Cu 30: t chy hon ton 20 ml hi hp cht hu c X (ch gm C, H, O) cn va 110 ml kh O2, thu c 160 ml hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Dn Y qua dung dch H2SO4 c (d), cn li 80 ml kh Z. Bit cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C4H8O. B. C3H8O. C. C4H10O. D. C4H8O2. Cu 31: Cc polime thuc loi t nhn to l A. t tm v t vinilon. B. t visco v t nilon-6,6. C. t nilon-6,6 v t capron. D. t visco v t xenluloz axetat. Cu 32: Cho cc th nghim sau: (a) t kh H2S trong O2 d; (b) Nhit phn KClO3 (xc tc MnO2); (c) Dn kh F2 vo nc nng; (d) t P trong O2 d; (e) Kh NH3 chy trong O2; (g) Dn kh CO2 vo dung dch Na2SiO3. S th nghim to ra cht kh l A. 4. B. 3. C. 5. D. 2. Cu 33: Cho cc cht ring bit sau: FeSO4, AgNO3, Na2SO3, H2S, HI, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng. S trng hp xy ra phn ng oxi ho - kh l A. 4. B. 3. C. 6. D. 5. Cu 34: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Photpho d bc chy trong khng kh iu kin thng. B. Thi khng kh qua than nung , thu c kh than t. C. Hn hp FeS v CuS tan c ht trong dung dch HCl d. D. Dung dch hn hp HCl v KNO3 ho tan c bt ng. Cu 35: Hn hp X gm 0,15 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,6 mol H2. Nung nng hn hp X (xc tc Ni) mt thi gian, thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 10. Dn hn hp Y qua dung dch brom d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng brom tham gia phn ng l A. 24 gam. B. 0 gam. C. 8 gam. D. 16 gam.
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Cu 36: un nng m gam hn hp X gm cc cht c cng mt loi nhm chc vi 600 ml dung dch NaOH 1,15M, thu c dung dch Y cha mui ca mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 15,4 gam hi Z gm cc ancol. Cho ton b Z tc dng vi Na d, thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn dung dch Y, nung nng cht rn thu c vi CaO cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 7,2 gam mt cht kh. Gi tr ca m l A. 40,60. B. 22,60. C. 34,51. D. 34,30. Cu 37: Dn lung kh CO i qua hn hp gm CuO v Fe2O3 nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c cht rn X v kh Y. Cho Y hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thu c 29,55 gam kt ta. Cht rn X phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 2,24. B. 3,36. C. 4,48. D. 6,72. Cu 38: S trieste khi thy phn u thu c sn phm gm glixerol, axit CH3COOH v axit C2H5COOH l A. 2. B. 4. C. 6. D. 9. Cu 39: t chy hn hp gm 1,92 gam Mg v 4,48 gam Fe vi hn hp kh X gm clo v oxi, sau phn ng ch thu c hn hp Y gm cc oxit v mui clorua (khng cn kh d). Ha tan Y bng mt lng va 120 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung dch Z. Cho AgNO3 d vo dung dch Z, thu c 56,69 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca clo trong hn hp X l A. 56,36%. B. 76,70%. C. 53,85%. D. 51,72%. + 2+ Cu 40: Mt dung dch gm: 0,01 mol Na ; 0,02 mol Ca ; 0,02 mol HCO3 v a mol ion X (b qua s in li ca nc). Ion X v gi tr ca a l 2 A. OH v 0,03. B. Cl v 0,01. C. CO 3 v 0,03. D. NO 3 v 0,03. II. PHN RING (10 cu) Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn ca phn ring (phn A hoc phn B) A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50) Cu 41: iu ch 53,46 kg xenluloz trinitrat (hiu sut 60%) cn dng t nht V lt axit nitric 94,5% (D = 1,5 g/ml) phn ng vi xenluloz d. Gi tr ca V l A. 24. B. 60. C. 40. D. 36. Cu 42: C bao nhiu cht cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H8O? A. 3. B. 5. C. 6. D. 4. Cu 43: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Clo c dng dit trng nc trong h thng cung cp nc sch. B. Lu hunh ioxit c dng lm cht chng nm mc. C. Ozon trong khng kh l nguyn nhn chnh gy ra s bin i kh hu. D. Amoniac c dng iu ch nhin liu cho tn la. Cu 44: Cho phng trnh ha hc (vi a, b, c, d l cc h s): aFeSO4 + bCl2 cFe2(SO4)3 + dFeCl3 T l a : c l A. 2 : 1. B. 3 : 2. C. 3 : 1. D. 4 : 1. Cu 45: Nung nng 46,6 gam hn hp gm Al v Cr2O3 (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Chia hn hp thu c sau phn ng thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt phn ng va vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (long). ha tan ht phn hai cn va dung dch cha a mol HCl. Gi tr ca a l A. 1,3. B. 1,5. C. 0,5. D. 0,9. Cu 46: Cho axit cacboxylic X phn ng vi cht Y thu c mt mui c cng thc phn t C3H9O2N (sn phm duy nht). S cp cht X v Y tha mn iu kin trn l A. 2. B. 4. C. 3. D. 1. Cu 47: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm hai hirocacbon (t l s mol 1 : 1) c cng thc n gin nht khc nhau, thu c 2,2 gam CO2 v 0,9 gam H2O. Cc cht trong X l A. hai anken. B. mt ankan v mt ankin. C. mt anken v mt ankin. D. hai ankaien. Cu 48: Cho dy cc cht sau: toluen, phenyl fomat, fructoz, glyxylvalin (Gly-Val), etylen glicol, triolein. S cht b thu phn trong mi trng axit l A. 5. B. 3. C. 6. D. 4.
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Cu 49: Cho m gam bt st vo dung dch hn hp gm 0,15 mol CuSO4 v 0,2 mol HCl. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,725m gam hn hp kim loi. Gi tr ca m l A. 18,0. B. 16,0. C. 11,2. D. 16,8. Cu 50: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Trong mi trng kim, Br2 oxi ha CrO thnh CrO 2 . 2 4 B. Cr(OH)3 tan trong dung dch NaOH. C. Trong mi trng axit, Zn kh Cr3+ thnh Cr. D. Photpho bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO3. B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60) Cu 51: Dung dch cht X khng lm i mu qu tm; dung dch cht Y lm qu tm ha xanh. Trn ln hai dung dch trn thu c kt ta. Hai cht X v Y tng ng l A. Na2SO4 v BaCl2. B. KNO3 v Na2CO3. C. Ba(NO3)2 v K2SO4. D. Ba(NO3)2 v Na2CO3. Cu 52: Cho cc cht: caprolactam (1), isopropylbenzen (2), acrilonitrin (3), glyxin (4), vinyl axetat (5). Cc cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp to polime l A. (1), (2) v (3). B. (1), (3) v (5). C. (1), (2) v (5). D. (3), (4) v (5). Cu 53: Cho phenol (C6H5OH) ln lt tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O v cc dung dch: NaOH, HCl, Br2, HNO3, CH3COOH. S trng hp xy ra phn ng l A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 1. Cu 54: Hirat ha 2-metylbut-2-en (iu kin nhit , xc tc thch hp) thu c sn phm chnh l A. 2-metylbutan-3-ol. B. 3-metylbutan-1-ol. C. 3-metylbutan-2-ol. D. 2-metylbutan-2-ol. Cu 55: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol, thu c 13,44 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 15,3 gam H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam X tc dng vi Na (d), thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 15,3. B. 12,3. C. 16,9. D. 12,9. Cu 56: Thy phn hn hp gm 0,01 mol saccaroz v 0,02 mol mantoz trong mi trng axit, vi hiu sut u l 60% theo mi cht, thu c dung dch X. Trung ha dung dch X, thu c dung dch Y, sau cho ton b Y tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 6,480. B. 9,504. C. 7,776. D. 8,208. Cu 57: Mt mu kh thi c sc vo dung dch CuSO4, thy xut hin kt ta mu en. Hin tng ny do cht no c trong kh thi gy ra? B. CO2. C. H2S. D. NO2. A. SO2. Cu 58: Trng hp no sau y to ra kim loi? A. Nung hn hp qung photphorit, ct v than cc trong l in. B. Nung hn hp qung apatit, x vn v than cc trong l ng. C. t Ag2S trong oxi d. D. t FeS2 trong oxi d. Cu 59: Ngi ta iu ch H2 v O2 bng phng php in phn dung dch NaOH vi in cc tr, cng dng in 0,67A trong thi gian 40 gi. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c khi lng 100 gam v nng NaOH l 6%. Nng dung dch NaOH trc in phn l (gi thit lng nc bay hi khng ng k) A. 5,08%. B. 6,00%. C. 3,16%. D. 5,50%. Cu 60: Ho tan Au bng nc cng toan th sn phm kh l NO; ho tan Ag trong dung dch HNO3 c th sn phm kh l NO2. s mol NO2 bng s mol NO th t l s mol Ag v Au tng ng l A. 1 : 3. B. 1 : 2. C. 1 : 1. D. 3 : 1.
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