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OZAMIS CITY WATERFRONT AND COASTAL RENEWAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

Introduction Ozamis City is nestled at the entrance of the rich Panguil Bay in Northwestern Mindanao with an estimated land area of 16,407 hectares. Behind it stands the 7,956 feet Malindang Mountain. It is bounded on the north by the Mindanao Sea; on the east by Iligan Bay and Panguil Bay which separate it from its twin city of Cagayan de Oro; on the south by the city of Tangub; and the Municipality of Don Victorino on the west. Like many towns and cities of Misamis Occidental, it is straddled along the cost of Panguil Bay partly because of its extremely rugged terrain of the interior and its commercial activities which centers around the coastal areas. Ozamis City is largely agricultural by resources but it has the potentials to become a commercial center in this part of Mindanao considering its strategic location and peaceful atmosphere. It is a few miles away from Maria Cristina Falls, the main source of electric power in Mindanao. The city has an excellent harbor location. Its local port is the principal outlet of mineral deposits, agricultural and forest products of the rich provinces of the two Zamboanga which are Lanao del Norte and Misamis Occidental. The city consists of 51 barangays wherein 23 are classified as urban and 28 as rural. Under its Resolution No. 002 series of 1998, the City Development Council, City of Ozamis, approved and adopted the Ozamis City Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP). In the CLUP, being the spatial translation of all the proposed development initiatives of the City provided the complimentary area requirements all enclosed within the mindset of arresting congestion into spearheading rapid depolarization of constricted settlement/activities through urban expansion which included the following salient areas of concern desired for realization:
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1) The Ecozone Plan comprising an aggregate land

area of about 600 hectares that will promote the sprouting out of various industries from small to medium in scale and in effect eradicate (though in gradual pace as the law provides) all existing industrial establishments that are now posing discomforts to the residential area settlers. Also, this plan is foreseen as the catalyst to excite industrial boom which will subsequently provide employment to the citys constituency taking preferential tendencies for agri-based industries. It is to be situated at the southern portion of the city from Barangay Dimaluna to Sinuza.
2) The Reclamation Area consisting of 120 hectares

planned to isolate any or all commercial and warehousing activities that provide accessibility to businesses utilizing sea transport as the most convenient mode to move people, products and raw materials.
3) The Sanitary Landfill consisting of 7 hectares, more

or less, located at Barangay Kinuman Norte will put an end to the ever recurring problem with respect to the citys lack if not absence of a proper dumpsite. This is projected to contain garbage generated for the next ten years. With the initiatives of the present leadership, the City constructed a by-pass road to provide easy travel from north to south and vice versa in the city. Certain portions of said road traversed portions of Panguil Bay through the construction of embankment which provided the platform of the by-pass road system. To date, the road had already been completed. In order to move the above vision to fruition, the present administration under Sangguniang Panlungsod Resolution No. 139-12 dated June 4, 2012 approved the implementation of the reclamation project and authorized the City Mayor to file an application with the Philippine Reclamation Authority (PRA) and to negotiate and enter into an agreement with the regulatory agency for the expeditious implementation thereof under a governmentto-government arrangement.
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Pursuant to PRA Administrative Order No. 2007-2, City of Ozamis submitted the project description of the above project.
1. Proposed Area and Location

The Project aims to reclaim 119.38 hectares, more or less, of Panguil Bay from Barangay Malaubang to Barangay Catadman. Midway between the two barangays is the Ozamis City Port. The project shall cover two (2) separate sites, namely, the North and the South Parcels. North Parcel shall be located north east while the South Parcel shall be located east of the Ozamis Port. The plan is to reclaim these portions of Panguil Bay to generate buildable areas contiguous and adjacent to the port. The South Parcel shall be island reclamation with an approximate size of 119.38 hectares and which is traversed by the By-pass Road from Barangay Malaubang to the vicinity of the Port. But this portion of the project shall be isolated from the existing shorelines of the Panguil Bay enclosed by said Bypass Road to provide waterways/channels for water circulation. This way, displacement of informal settlers along the coastlines shall be minimized. The North Parcel shall be landlocked to the west of Segment 2 of the By-pass Road traversing from the Port to Barangay Catadman. Roughly 8 hectares of land maybe reclaimed in this portion of the Project. Attached is the preliminary land form of the reclamation vis-vis the by-pass road and the Ozamis City Port.

2. Description of the Proposed Site

3. Reclamation Methodology The project involves land reclamation of approximately 128 hectares earmarked for various types of developments. The reclamation of the project will be accomplished through the use of filling / burrow materials. Approximately 12 million cubic meters of fill/burrow materials are required to reclaim the areas up to the finished grade at an average elevation of 3.00 meters above MLLW. This total volume does not include the allowance for subsidence of the original ground once overlain with the hydraulically placed fill materials. The foregoing conditions have been the basis of estimating the magnitude of cost that may be required in the reclamation work envisaged. Soil Stabilization In any reclamation project, of paramount importance is the creation of good quality land that will serve the purposes for its envisioned development. To achieve such objective, a good source of filling materials or borrow pit areas should be utilized. Unfortunately, this is not always possible due to some geophysical factors posing some constraints to that objective. In some instances, even the available equipment and technology may prevent use of good dredge fills such as in too deep borrow pit areas which are beyond the capability of available equipment to reach. On the assumption that good filling materials are available for use, the quality of the reclaimed land may still suffer infirmities if the original underlying soil in the reclamation site is poor such as what is now obtaining at the project site. It is a common knowledge in all reclamation projects that settlement or ground subsidence will occur not only due to the consolidation of the fill but also of
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the original underlying soil itself. It is also a fact that the rate and amount of settlement are very dependent upon the type of the original ground stratification. Further, depending upon the results of the detailed investigation of the available borrow pit areas, relatively poor soils may sometimes have to be utilized on some portions of the project site due to other considerations other than the technical requirements thereby making some parts of the reclaimed land low grade.

Soil Stabilization Alternatives Considering available of technology and equipment, several methods of soil stabilization are available to attain soil consolidation of 90%. Breakwaters and Bulkheads The project involves as one of its major components the construction of main and secondary bulkheads of varying depths to retain the fill. These marine protection structures are planned to favorably enhance the existing physical environment at the project site, thus, the selection of their structural type becomes a major consideration. Therefore, in the design of these structures, the following factors were taken into account: 1. Foundation conditions which have significant influence on their settlement and stability and therefore on the type of structure. 2. Exposure to waves and related conditions which control their geometry. oceanographic

3. Availability of construction materials to be used including costs which are significant determinants on the economic feasibility of the type of the structures chosen.
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Considering the above factors, two (2) general classifications of bulkheads are required for the reclamation area as dictated by the extent of their exposure to oceanographic conditions. These are the main bulkheads which are directly exposed to wave actions and the secondary bulkheads with less exposure to wave attacks. Foundation conditions have the same bearing on both, and therefore not considered in classifying the structures. The factors associated with soil will, however, be very important considerations in the selection of structure type to adopt for both classes of the bulkheads.

Main Bulkheads As to type of the structure, two (2) alternatives were considered for the bulkheads, namely: the rockmound type and the walled steel pipe piles. Other structural types of bulkheads in addition to the two (2) chosen alternatives above were also considered such as the cellular and double steel sheet pile wall construction with tie rods and walling to reduce flexural stresses and increase stability. These were ruled out at the initial stage of the technical evaluation due to:
1. The type of the structure will be very susceptible to

damage due to differential settlement considering that the first 2 to 4 meters of the seabed consists of very poor materials with very low shear resistance. 2. The tie rods and deadmen will require substantial open space that may pose problems during the development of the area due to obstructions. 3. Probability of damage during the construction stage is high especially during the southwest monsoon when the structures are not yet filled up with dredge fills.
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On the other hand, both of the alternatives considered are very reliable under very severe sea conditions as proven by experience on similar projects abroad, notably in Japan. Unlike sheet piles, walled steel pipe piles can be designed as free cantilevers and therefore can be driven down to firm foundation thus eliminating settlement problems. For the rockmound type, settlement is not foreseen to be critical since the structure can undergo considerable settlement without sustaining damage. In terms of construction, walled pipe pile bulkhead is very much superior to the rockmound type which normally takes considerable time to build. Technically, both alternatives can therefore, be adopted to the project. However, the final choice was made in favor of the rockmound bulkhead after evaluation of their costs. The superiority of the latter in terms of shorter construction time can be nullified by the fact that with appropriate procedures and technologies, reclamation can be done even without the area already enclosed by the bulkheads.

Secondary Bulkheads For the design of the secondary bulkheads, it was decided that the upper portion just above the high waterline be made sloping for aesthetic reasons. This requirement is very advantageous from an engineering standpoint. The use of cantilever sheet piling now becomes attractive considering less stringent requirements for embedment. However, upon evaluation of their costs, this alternative appear too costly and therefore, another alternative was considered the rock revetment type. The design details of the rock revetment type of bulkhead are based on standard dimension which will be firmed up in the detailed engineering design stage. The minimum weight of rocks specified was based o the dislodging forces of waves within a maximum height of 1.00 meter that is expected to be generated in the area.

As in the case of the main bulkhead, stability was also the prime consideration in the design of the secondary bulkhead. A rock revetment type turned out to be the best alternative. Similarly, in order to solve the stability of the rock revetment, it also was apparent to remove the very soft upper soil layer averaging about 2.0 meters and replacing it with a much better selected fill materials preferably sandy material with higher shear resistance. This solution will result with the soft soil completely removed and the new selected fill materials seating on a hard soil layer, thus assuring stability of the revetment. 4. Sources of Fill Materials The Project will require a total volume of fill materials estimated at 10.50 million cubic meters to fill up the entire project. Rocks of various weights and sizes shall also be required at an estimated volume of 2 million cubic meters. Sources of fill materials abound in the City. Possible sources are the river systems that are at economical distance from the project site, namely: the Usugan, Labo, Clarin (Tinaclaan and Segatic Sections), Paka (Dolores and Pan-ay Sections), Palilan and the Aloran Rivers. All sites are very good sources of fill materials including gravel and boulders.

5. Estimated Cost of Reclamation Total Reclamation and Land Development Cost of the Project is estimated at P7.16 billion, broken down as P5,000.00 per square meter for the land reclamation including containment structure and P1,000.00 per square meter for the land development works or a total of Php6,000.00 per square meter. The required funding for the project shall be borne by the City or by a qualified private Developer.

6. Mode of Implementation of the Project

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Ozamis City is the proponent of this Project and which may implement the same using its own funds or through a qualified Developer subject to the public bidding requirement per Executive Order No. 543. Customary practice and as mandated by law, the project shall be undertaken with no financial exposure to the Government. At its option, the City may bid-out the project to solicit the interest of the private sector / Developer that will finance and undertake the actual reclamation and land development works of the project. As payment to the Developer, Government shall allocate certain portion of the reclaimed land as payment (to the Developer) for undertaking the actual reclamation and land development works subject, however to constitutional restrictions. 7. Proposed Project Timetable The reclamation project shall be completed within a period of four (4) years. Thereafter, land development works shall commence. Engineering intervention shall be implemented to hasten consolidation of the filled-up area to enable the Developer to construct the major roads as well as other support infrastructures immediately after completion of actual reclamation works.

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