WHAT IS WAP? What is WAP?

The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an open, global specification that em powers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with inf ormation and services instantly. WHAT IS WAP FOR? What is the purpose of WAP? To enable easy fast delivery of relevant information and services to mobile user s. What type of devices will use WAP? Handheld digital wireless devices such as mobile phones, pagers, two-way radios, smartphones and communicators -- from low-end to high-end. Which wireless networks does WAP work with? WAP is designed to work with most wireless networks such as CDPD, CDMA, GSM, PDC , PHS, TDMA, FLEX, ReFLEX, iDEN, TETRA, DECT, DataTAC, Mobitex and GRPS. What operating systems are compatible with WAP? WAP is a communications protocol and application environment. It can be built on any operating system including PalmOS, EPOC, Windows CE, FLEXOS, OS/9, JavaOS e tc. It provides service interoperability even between different device families.

Wap push diagram WAP Push was incorporated into the specification to allow WAP content to be push ed to the mobile handset with minimum user intervention. A WAP Push is basically a specially encoded message which includes a link to a WAP address. WAP Push was specified on top of WAP Datagram Protocol (WDP); as such, it can be delivered over any WDP-supported bearer, such as GPRS or SMS. Most GSM network s have a wide range of modified processors, but GPRS activation from the network is not generally supported, so WAP Push messages have to be delivered on top of the SMS bearer. On receiving a WAP Push, a WAP 1.2 (or later) -enabled handset will automaticall y give the user the option to access the WAP content. This is also known as WAP Push SI (Service Indication). A variant, known as WAP Push SL (Service Loading) , directly opens the browser to display the WAP content, without user interactio n. Since this behaviour raises security concerns, some handsets handle WAP Push SL messages in the same way as SI, by providing user interaction. The network entity that processes WAP Pushes and delivers them over an IP or SMS Bearer is known as a Push Proxy Gateway (PPG).

APN: Access Point Name An access point is: An IP network to which a mobile can be connected A set of settings which are used for that connection A particular option in a set of settings in a mobile phone When a GPRS mobile phone sets up a PDP context, the access point is selected. At this point an access point name (APN) is determined Example: aricenttechnologies.mnc012.mcc345.gprs

Example: Internet Example: mywap Example: hcl.cisco.ggsn This access point is then used in a DNS query to a private DNS network. This pro cess (called APN resolution) finally gives the IP address of the GGSN which shou ld serve the access point. At this point a PDP context can be activated. The packet data protocol (PDP; e.g., IP, X.25, FrameRelay) context is a data str ucture present on both the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) and the Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) which contains the subscriber's session information when th e subscriber has an active session. When a mobile wants to use GPRS, it must fir st attach and then activate a PDP context. This allocates a PDP context data str ucture in the SGSN that the subscriber is currently visiting and the GGSN servin g the subscriber's access point. The data recorded includes Subscriber's IP address Subscriber's IMSI Subscriber's o Tunnel Endpoint ID (TEID) at the GGSN o Tunnel Endpoint ID (TEID) at the SGSN The Tunnel Endpoint ID (TEID) is a number allocated by the GSN which identifies the tunnelled data related to a particular PDP context. Several PDP contexts may use the same IP address. The Secondary PDP Context Acti vation procedure may be used to activate a PDP context while reusing the PDP add ress and other PDP context information from an already active PDP context, but w ith a different QoS profile.[1] Note that the procedure is called secondary, not the resulting PDP contexts that have no such relationship with the one the PDP address of which they reused. A total of 11 PDP contexts (with any combination of primary and secondary) can c o-exist. NSAPI are used to differentiate the different PDP context. Phone backup Field Issues: 1. WAP settings: 2. Nokia S40 3. Blackberry 1. Wap settings: Mobile operators usually send internet settings to users a nd not wap settings. Phone backup is configured to run on wap settings. This lea ds to phone backup not functioning. For WAP connection, in addition, users just need to point the the WAP gateway and the default WAP homepage. 2. Nokia S40: Any application on S40 is not able to use wap. User is able t o browse internet. But application installed on S40 is not able to access GPRS t hrough proxy. 3. Blackberry: HTTPS Secure Data Access: BlackBerry MDS Services act as a s ecure gateway between the wireless network and corporate intranets and the Inter net. They leverage the BlackBerry AES or Triple DES* encryption transport and al so enable HTTPS connections to application servers.