PROOFREADERS' MARKS

Symbol delete close up delete and close up caret insert a space space evenly let stand transpose used to separate two or more marks and often as a concluding stroke at the end of an insertion set farther to the left set farther to the right set as ligature (such as ) align horizontally align vertically broken character indent or insert em quad space begin a new paragraph spell out set in CAPITALS set in SMALL CAPITALS set in lowercase Meaning Example

set in italic set in roman set in boldface hyphen en dash em (or long) dash superscript or superior subscript or inferior centered comma apostrophe period semicolon colon quotation marks parentheses brackets query to author: has this been set as intended? push down a work-up turn over an inverted letter wrong font multi-colored 196572 Nowat last!we know.

Proofreading symbols for general instructions

The instruction The mark in the margin The mark in the copy

"Stet" Leave the text as it was and ignore any marks that have been made Remove all these non-textual marks

under the characters to be left as they were. Circle round marks to be removed

Query this with the author, printer or publisher

Circle round text to be queried

Proofreading symbols for inserting, deleting and changing text

The instruction The mark in the margin The mark in the copy

Text to be inserted Additional text supplied separately Delete character

The text and then A letter in a diamond identifying the supplied text, e.g. through the character through the text

Delete text

Delete character and close space

through the character

Delete text and close space text Character to replace marked character Text to replace marked text The new character

through the

through the character through the text

The new text

Proofreading symbols for changing the look of the text

The instruction

The mark in the margin

The mark in the copy

Change to the correct font

Circle round character(s) to be changed

Change this badly printed text

Circle round character(s) to be changed

Put this in italics Remove italic, replace with upright Put this in capitals

under the characters to be changed

Circle round character(s) to be changed

under the characters to be changed

Put this in small capitals

under the characters to be changed

Change to lowercase

or

Circle round character(s) to be changed

Put this in bold

under the characters to be changed

Turn this upside down

Circle round character(s) to be changed

Raise character(s) to superscript

Under character(s) Above character(s)

at insertion point or raised at insertion point or lowered

through character to be

Lower character(s) to subscript

through character to be

Proofreading symbols for punctuation

The instruction The mark in the margin The mark in the copy

Comma

at insertion point or be changed

through character to

Full stop

As above

Semi-colon

As above

Colon

As above

Apostrophe Single quote mark(s) Double quote marks Ellipsis

As above

or

As above

or

As above

As above

Dotted leader

As above

Hyphen

As above

Dash

Write the size of the dash between the uprights

As above

Solidus or slash

As above

Proofreading symbols for layout

The instruction The mark in the margin The mark in the copy

Paragraph break Remove paragraph break

Indent

Specify the size of indent

Remove indent

Justify left or right

or

or

Centre Insert space between characters Insert space between words Reduce space between characters Reduce space between words Remove space Insert space between lines Remove space between lines The mark starts in the margin and extends between the lines. If it is not a single line-space, give size The mark starts in the margin and extends between the lines

If it is not a single space, give size

Insert between the characters Insert between the words Insert between the characters Insert between the words

If it is not a single space, give size

Specify size of space

Specify size of space