Probability Formula

Probability Formula In mathematics, probability is concerned with analysis of random phenomena. Probability theory has the wide application in the field of mathematic, statistics, finance, machine learning, science, gambling. Probability theory is also used to define regularities of complex systems. In our day to day life it as its special importance like we measure the risk assessment in the trade of market commodities. Probability gives us the mode to assign the each and every event a value between zero and one, by the requirement which is made up of the events which has the all possible results. To test the probability the assignment of all the values must satisfy the need that if you observe the collection of event with no common result which are also known as mutually exclusive events i.e. 6,1, 3 and 2,4 they all are mutually exclusive. And the probability which has at least one of the event will occur is obtained by the sum of the probabilities of all the individual events. The probability formulas is given by :

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Number of favorable outcome to event A P(A) = _______________________________________ Total number of outcomes Consider the two events A and B is independent terms, therefore their joint probability is P (A and B) = P (A ? B) = P (A) P (B) if any of the event A or event B occur on the only one performance of the experiment this is called union of the event of A and B which is presented by P(A ? B). And if the two events are mutually exclusive then the probability of either occupying is P (A or B) = P (A ? B) = P (A) + P (B) for instance the chance of rolling a 1 and 6 on the six-sided dice is P (1 or 6) = P (1) + P (6) = 1/6 + 1/6 = 1/3. And suppose if the events are non mutually exclusive then P (A or B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A and B) for instance, when taking the single card at the random from the regular deck of card the chance of getting spade or the face card ( J,Q,K)( or the one that is both) is 13/52 + 12/52 3/52 = 11/26 ; in the deck of 52 cards 13 are the spades , 12 are face cards and 3 cards are both ; so here the possibilities considered will be three that are both which are included in the each of the 13 spades and in the 12 face cards, but the condition applied here is that they all must be counted once.

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There also exist the conditional probability of some event A which provides the occurrence of some other event B. and the conditional probability is written as P (A ? B) and it is pronounced as the probability of A given B .and it will be defined as :

P (A ? B) P (A ? B) = __________ P (B) here A and B both are independent terms: and if P (B) is zero then the P (A ? B) will be remained as undefined.

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