Table 1 - AC Generator Protection

Protection Differential Transverse Differential Over current Details 1. Unbiased, with series stabilising resistor 2. Biased differential For machine with split phase winding 1. Inverse time 2. Inverse time, voltage controlled Relay Type CAG 34 FAC 34 DDG 31 CAG 34 FAC 34 CDG 31 CDV 62 VDG 14

1. Inverse time delay for generator earthed through a distribution transformer Stator Earth- 2. For generator earthed through a fault resistance or solidly earthed and generator is connected to the system via delta-star transformer Standby Earth- For generator directly connected to fault system Rotor EarthInstantaneous, generally connected for fault alarm To protect against prolonged asynchronous operation. Used in Field Failure conjunction with a timer and an auxiliary relay Instantaneous For over voltage protection of generator over voltage Time delayed over voltage Negative phase sequence Overload For over voltage protection of generator To detect sustained unbalance condition, relay characteristics to match machine withstand characteristic To detect sustained overload of the machine 1. Primary protection against motoring 2. Protection of diesel generators against motoring where motoring power is relatively high To provide backup protection against uncleared system faults Interlock against overspeed Protection against pole slipping To monitor rotor high temperature

CAG 14

CDG 11 VAEM 21 VME YCGF VAGM 22 VTIG VDG 11 VTU VAU CDN CTN CTU 12 CTLM 11 WCD 11 CCUM WDG YCG 15AA+VAA31 +VAT or VTT WCD 12 ZTO 11 DZT 4

Reverse Power

Backup distance Forward under power interlock Pole slipping Rotor temperature

Table 2 Generator-Transformer
Protection Differential Over current Restricted earth fault Details Biased, for overall phase and earth fault of the generator and generatortransformer Inverse time phase and earth fault protection For earth fault in transformer winding Relay Type DTH 31/32 CDG 31 CAG 14

Standby earth fault Overfluxing Buchholz Winding temperature

For back-up protection For protection of transformer against over excitation Protection against insipient fault in the transformer Protection, control and indication

CDG 11 GTT OBGM TTT & CTTT

Table 3 Power Transformer Protection

Protection Differential Over current Restricted earth fault Backup earth fault Buchholz Time delayed earth fault Temperature Voltage regulating relay and line drop compensator Overfluxing Details Biased, for phase and earth fault protection in the transformer winding 1. Non-directional inverse time 2. Directional, inverse time For faults in transformer winding 1. Non-directional inverse time 2. Directional, inverse time For incipient fault in the transformer To protect the neutral earthing resistor and to provide backup protection Protection, control and indication Relay Type DDT DTH CDG CDD CAG 14 FAC 14 CDG 11 CDD 21 OBGM CDG 12 TTT & CTTT VTJC&CIJC AVE4 & CAD GTT

For use with ON load tap changers for automatic regulation of voltage For protection against over excitation

Table 4 Auto Transformer

Protection Differential Differential Over current Restricted earth fault Buchholz Winding temperature Voltage regulating relay and line drop compensator Overfluxing Details Unbiased, over main winding only Biased, over all windings Inverse time, phase and earth fault protection, non-directional or directional For earth fault in transformer winding Protection against transformer incipient faults in Relay Type CAG 34 FAC 34 DTH 31 DTH 32 CDG 31 CDD 21 CAG 14 FAC 14 OBGM TTT & CTTT VTJC&CIJC AVE4 & CAD GTT

Protection, control and indication

For use with ON load tap changers for automatic regulation of voltage For protection against over excitation

Table 5 Unit Transformer

Protection Differential Over current Restricted earth fault Neutral displacement Buchholz

Details Biased, for phase and earth fault protection in the transformer winding Inverse time, phase and earth fault protection without or with high set For earth fault in transformer winding For detection of earth fault where low voltage system is insulated Protection against incipient faults in transformer

Relay Type DDT 32 DTH 31 CDG 61 CDG 31 CAG 14 FAC 14 VDG 14 OBGM

Posted by Sajith at 9:08 PM