1

AN ALGORITHM FOR THE REDUCTION OF SISO SYSTEMS USING POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENTIATION TECHNIQUE

1.

INTRODUCTION

This chapter proposes an algorithm for the reduction of high order SISO systems. The proposed method is based on the Polynomial differentiation technique. 3.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION

There are many methods available in the literature for the reduction of high order linear continuous time systems. Some of the familiar methods available for the reduction of high order continuous time systems considered here are

1.

Routh Approximation Method suggested by Hutton et.al. (IEEE transactions on Automatic control).

2.

Stability Equation Method proposed by Chan et.al (Journal of Franklin Institute, UK).

3.

Factor Division method by T.N.Lucas (Electronic Letters, UK).

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Limitations and Drawbacks of Existing Methods The Routh Approximation method [1] has major limitations like formulation of two separate Routh arrays and use of recursive formula for obtaining numerator and denominator polynomials of the reduced order models. This makes RAM computationally tedious. Stability Equation method [3] has limitations like separation of even and odd parts of numerator and denominator and discarding larger magnitude poles and zeros of the Polynomials of original high order systems. The Factor Division method [4] has major drawbacks viz. the method cannot generate the denominator of the reduced order model on its own and even to generate the numerator of the reduced model it requires formulation of two routh type arrays (a and b). It involves multiplication of the denominator polynomials of the original high order system and the reduced order model, which amounts to computationally cumbersome procedure.

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

3.3

PROPOSED REDUCTION PROCEDURE

The proposed model reduction method is based on polynomial differentiation technique to realize the reduced order model for the given original higher order system.

Let the transfer function of the original higher order system of order n be (3.1) where ai and bi are known scalar coefficients

Let the corresponding kth order reduced model to be synthesized be defined similarly as (3.2) where ci and di are unknown scalar coefficients

The main steps involved in the reduction procedure are

1. 2. 3.

Constructing reciprocated transfer function of the original system Constructing reciprocated transfer function of the reduced kth order model Realization of kth order reduced model

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

3.3.1 CONSTRUCTING RECIPROCATED TRANSFER FUNCTION OF THE ORIGINAL SYSTEM The reciprocated transfer function of the original system is obtained by applying reciprocal transformation [1] (3.3)

(3.4)

3.3.2 CONSTRUCTING RECIPROCATED TRANSFER FUNCTION OF THE REDUCED ORDER MODEL

1.

OBTAINING DENOMINATOR POLYNOMIAL OF THE RECIPROCATED TRANSFER FUNCTION OF THE REDUCED MODEL

It is obtained from the denominator polynomial of defined as (3.5) by differentiating it (n-k) times the resulting polynomial thus obtained is (3.6)
2.

OBTAINING NUMERATOR POLYNOMIAL OF THE RECIPROCATED

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

TRANSFER FUNCTION OF THE REDUCED MODEL

It is obtained from the numerator polynomial of defined as (3.7) by differentiating it (n-k-1) times the resulting polynomial thus obtained is (3.8) The reciprocated transfer function of the reduced kth order model is thus constructed as

(3.9) 3.3.3 CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSFER FUNCTION OF kth ORDER REDUCED MODEL The transfer function (eq.9) is inverse reciprocated using inverse reciprocal transfer function (eq.3) and by proper normalization, the resulting transfer function is (3.10) To eliminate steady state error between the original system and the Reduced order model, the reduced model transfer function is multiplied With a suitable gain parameter K calculated as (3.11)
EEE CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

The kth order reduced model transfer function will be (3.12)

3.4 ALGORITHM FOR PROPOSED REDUCTION METHOD

Step-1: consider the original higher order transfer function. Step-2: Reciprocate the original system transfer function. Step-3: Apply polynomial differentiation technique for both numerator and denominator separately. Step-4: Now the reciprocated transfer function of the reduced kth order model is constructed. Step-5: The above transfer function is inverse reciprocated using inverse reciprocal transformation and after proper normalization the resulting reduced order transfer function is obtained. Step-6: Gain is calculated to eliminate steady state error between original system and its reduced model. Step-7: The reduced kth order transfer function of the original higher order transfer function is thus realized.

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

3.5 FLOW CHART

START

Consider the original higher order transfer function

Reciprocate the original system transfer function Apply polynomial differentiation technique for both numerator and denominator separately

numerator and denominator separately.

Now the reciprocated transfer function of the reduced kth order model is constructed

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

The above transfer function is inverse reciprocated using inverse reciprocal transformation and after proper normalization the resulting reduced order transfer function is obtained

STOP

Gain is calculated to eliminate steady state error between original system and its reduced model The reduced kth order transfer function of the original higher order transfer function is thus realized

3.6 ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED MODEL

1.

No necessity of formulating and tables as in Routh Approximation Method and Lucas Factor Division Method

2.

No necessity of separation of the denominator polynomial into even and odd parts as in Stability Equation Method.

3.

A single algorithm can be used for generating both the numerator as well

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

as the denominator of the reduced order model whereas the other considered methods require two different algorithms.
4.

The proposed method is simple as no mathematical complexity is involved when compared with the other considered methods.

EEE

CHAITANYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE