CHAPTER 2

NASIK POWER SECTOR REVIEW

2.1 Geographical information: Nasik is located in northern Maharashtra at 600m (1,968 ft) from the mean sea level. The river Godavari originating from Trimbakeshwar (24 km from Nasik) flows through various parts of the city. The river forms the northern boundary of the city in some areas and then flows through the old residential settlement in the city. Nasik lies on western edge of the Deccan Plateau which is a volcanic formation. The soil here is primarily black which is favorable for agriculture. Prashant Koli, India's renowned Agricultural Scientist said;" It's the best in North Maharashtra Region due to its icono-elasticity". The total land area of the city (Municipal Limits) is about 259.13 km2 which makes it the third largest urban area of Maharashtra after Mumbai Metropolitan Region and the Pune and Pimpri Chinchwad Urban Region (together as Second). Nasik Urban Agglomeration (Nasik UA) has a (projected year 2009) population of 1,995,860 and a total area of 264.23 km which makes it the fourth largest urban area in Maharashtra in terms of population. The projected population of Nasik urban agglomeration (which includes abutting urban areas like Deolali) as on 1 January 2009 is 16, 20,000. Only 3% of Nasik lives in Slum.22 oct 2010. Nasik is the third most industrialized city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune. There are five "Industrial Zones" in the Nasik area and its outskirts (Satpur, Ambad, Sinnar, Igatpuri and Dindori). Nasik today is one of the fastest growing cities of India and has even been identified as a Tier-2 metro. The city's economy is driven chiefly by the engineering and manufacturing industry (which has been around since the seventies) as well as the progressive agriculture in area surrounding the city. Solid Waste Management Project from the Nashik Municipal Corporation. In the entire Nashik Municipal Corporation area about 225 MT of solid waste is generated per day. A system is in place which has made the city a 'garbage dump free' city. 2.2 Power Sector Review Total installed transformation capacity of Nasik circle is 7712.8 MVA with a maximum demand recorded up to 2120.01 MW. Total Demand of Nasik circle is 265 MW. Total Input in MUs: Year 2009-10= 1452.34 MUs Year 2010-11= 1659 MUs Nasik grid Zone consists of three main divisions as shown in the following tree chart:

Nasik zone Nasik urban Circle1 Circle2 Chandw ad Malegao n Rural A'nagar urban Ahemad nagar Dindori Sinner A'nagar rural Sangam ner

Manmad

2.2.1 Generation: The Nasik is home to an important thermal power plant (Eklahare). Nasik Thermal Power Station comprises of 2x140 MW and 3x210 MW units. The first 140 MW unit was synchronized on 16th August 1970 followed by second unit on 21st of march 1971.The cost of unit including civil work was Rs. 56.5 crores each. Boilers are front fired type from Babcock Wilcock France. Turbines are also from France. NTPS Stage-II comprises of three units of 210 MW each of BHEL Make. The first 210 MW unit was synchronized on 26th April 1979 at total project cost of Rs. 94.73 crores. The next two units i.e. Unit No. 4 and 5 of 210 MW were constructed at the cost of Rs. 143.95 crores and commissioned on 10th July 1980 and 30th January 1981 respectively. Thus total cost of Stage-II is Rs. 238.68 crores. Boilers are corner fired of American design. Turbines are of Russian design. The power station campus include self contained township with all amenities. The entire complex measures 472 hectare of land on the bank of river Godavari. 2.2.2 Transmission Total 33/11 kV Substations= 28 (331.3 MVA) Total 220/132 kV (EHV) Substations= 10 Total 33 kV HT Lines= 317.62 km Total 11 kV HT Lines=2683.3 km Total energy import= 1328.9411 MU Total energy export= 1305.3896 MU Difference in MUs= 23.5515 MU % Transmission losses= 1.77%. Following diagram shows the transmission network of Nasik Circle. It is 132 kV network Red circles show generating stations and blue circles are 132 kV substations.

Fig. 2 Nashik Ring Main Unit

2.2.3 Distribution Distribution system details are : Total LT Lines= 4611.02 km. Total No. Of Distribution transformers (DTC) = 6290 (847.7 MVA). Total Consumers = 4, 16,286. Residential= 3, 34,809 Commercial= 50,302 Industrial= 4,544 Agriculture= 23,971 H.T Consumers=602 Street Light Consumers= 1,581 Others= 254 %Distribution Losses: 2009= 12.25% (avg) 2010= 9.23% (avg) % LT Loss: 2009-10=19.96% (avg) 2010-11= 16.78% (avg) Distribution Transformer Failure: 2009-10= 5.33 % 2010-11= 4.21 %

2.3 Issues and Challenges in Nasik electricity grid 2.3.1 Transmission Transmission line is an important facility of power system. The coverage of transmission line is large and most of them are distributed in the wild where the geographical environment and the weather conditions are abominable so that its difficult for manual patrolling of transmission line and the workload of transmission line up-keep is enormous, the risk is high. Meanwhile, transmission line and power towers, etc. being damaged by various outside forces have frequently occurred, even lead to tower collapse, which results in large-scale power cut, causing great damage to the state interests and affecting peoples daily lives. As the backbone used to deliver electricity from points of generation to the consumers, the transmission grid revolution needs to recognize and deal with more diversified challenges than ever before. (a) Handling increasing demand with ageing infrastructure: Transmission lines (TL) capacity is determined by the maximum power transmitted from the source to the load. Since the line voltage is always fixed, this capacity is translated into the maximum current capable of flowing in the Line. Normally, at the beginning of the project, this maximum power is established and the whole project is built around this parameter. When the demand of energy increases, technicians become concerned about infringing standards of security and performance, such as wire temperature and sag (or conductor-to-ground distance).With the increasing demand for electrical energy, especially in developing countries, the idea of utilizing the full transmission capacity of already existing TL, instead of constructing new ones, is quite attractive. Infrastructure challenges: The existing infrastructure for electricity transmission has quickly aging components and insufficient investments for improvements. With the pressure of the increasing load demands, the network congestion is becoming worse. The fast online analysis tools, wide-area monitoring, measurement and control, and fast and accurate protections are needed to improve the reliability of the networks. This vision of the smart transmission networks is built on the existing electric transmission infrastructure. However, the emergence of new technologies, including advanced materials, power electronics, sensing, communication, signal processing, and computing will increase the utilization, efficiency, quality, and security of existing systems and enable the development of a new architecture for transmission networks. (b) Availability of transmission lines: Electric power systems are undergoing significant change. Due to ever-increasing environmental and economical pressures, it becomes extremely difficult to construct new transmission or generation facilities. As a result of the limited power supply and steady growth of load demand, have a severe area generationload imbalance and a heavy power transfer. Therefore the operating point is pushed closer to the stability

boundary and the system is increasing susceptible to transient instability condition following a severe disturbance such as three - phases short circuits of EHV transmission lines .

Sr DTC Make Reading Reading Diff No. Meter 1 2 between two Readings

Diff Consumer between No two Readings* MF(=3)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22