What is an acid?

~ An acid is a compound or a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions. It is also said to be a proton donor. When an acid is dissolved in water, a solution is formed with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water. ( http://www.blurtit.com/q173970.html ) ~ An acid is traditionally considered any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water, i.e. a pH less than 7.0 in its standard state. (http://www.google.com/search? hl=en&defl=en&q=define:acid&sa=X&ei=hzGeTLmBOoG0lQeM8OXtAg&ved=0CBYQ kAE ) ~ Acid: A solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour". ( http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_acidbase.html )

~ Acids are compounds that break into hydrogen (H+) ions and another compound when placed in an aqueous solution. Bases are compounds that break up into hydroxide (OH-) ions and another compound when placed in an aqueous solution. Base: A solution that has an excess of OH- ions. Another word for base is alkali. Aqueous: A solution that is mainly water. Think about the word aquarium. AQUA means water. Strong Acid: An acid that has a very low pH (0-4). Strong Base: A base that has a very high pH (10-14). Weak Acid: An acid that only partially ionizes in an aqueous solution. That means not every molecule breaks apart. They usually have a pH close to 7 (3-6). Weak Base: A base that only partially ionizes in an aqueous solution. That means not every molecule breaks apart. They usually have a pH close to 7 (8-10). Neutral: A solution that has a pH of 7. It is neither acidic nor basic.

How is an acid (acidity) Measured? Is it by P.H.?

~ The pH of a solution is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and as such is a measure of the acidity or basicity of the solution. The letters pH stand for "power of hydrogen" and the numerical value is defined as the negative base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions. ~ Formula- pH = -log10[H+]

What is P.h.?
~ The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. (http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/measure/ph.html) ~ A measure of the degree of the acidity or the alkalinity of a solution as measured on a scale (pH scale) of 0 to 14. The midpoint of 7.0 on the pH scale represents neutrality, i.e., a "neutral" solution is neither acid nor alkaline. Numbers below 7.0 indicate acidity; numbers greater than 7.0 indicate alkalinity. It is important to understand that pH is a measure of intensity, and not capacity; i.e., pH indicates the intensity of alkalinity in the same way temperature tells how hot something is - but not how much heat the substance carries. http://www.parish-supply.com/phscale.htm

What is the Range of the P.h. Scale?

~ It ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic. Each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value. (http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/measure/ph.html)

What is the low or high acid on a scale?

The pH scale is from 0 14

High Low 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 healthy 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

The lower the number means it has higher acidity. And 7 are neutral and then the higher it gets it means it has less acidity as shown above.

What is the mid range on the scale?

The midway on the scale is 7. (7 is neural) for example water has a p.h. of 7 so it half and half.

What is the P.h. of water? What does that say about water?
~ The p.h of water is 7. 7 is neutral and is the midway pint. What it says about water is that water is half and half.

What are pennies made out of?

~ Pennies today are made of zinc blanks (circles of zinc are punched out of sheets of zinc, like cookies are cut out of a sheet of dough with a cookie cutter). The zinc blanks are then electroplated with copper in plating barrels so the core of the penny is zinc but the skin is copper. After the copper plating, they are stamped with the familiar head of Lincoln and the date, etc. Coins such as pennies have a raised rim (the lip around the penny is thicker than the body of the penny); this is created by rolling the coin through a passage that is slightly smaller than the original size of the blank so the extra material must mush up as this fatter edge. http://www.finishing.com/111/59.shtml

~ Today's pennies (since 1982) are made from coin blanks made of 99.2% zinc and 0.8% copper, with an outer plating of pure copper. While the Mint makes the blanks for all the other coins, the blanks for pennies are purchased from a private supplier. The blanks are first run through an upsetting mill that ground the edge of the coin and gives it its raised rims. Then these blanks are mechanically fed into a coin press and the two coin dies come together to stamp the image on both sides of the coin at once. The coin is then ejected from the press, travels through some mechanical inspections (like the coin sizer), are fed into the coin counter, and finally put into large canvas bags. They're now ready to be delivered to the Federal Reserve Bank. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_are_pennies_made_and_what_materials_are_used

What does a penny weigh?

~ 1909-1981 (except 1943) (95% Copper and 5% Zinc) - 3.089 grams (147 to the pound)

1943 pennies are steel with a zinc coating and weigh about 2.7 grams (about 168 to the pound). 1983- to date (2.5% Copper and 97.5% Zinc) - 2.500 grams (181 to the pound) In 1982, both the 95% copper and 97.5% zinc varieties were made - there is no easy way (other than by weighing them) to differentiate between them. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_one_pennie_weigh

What is a Material Safety Data Sheet?

~A material safety data sheet (MSDS) is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance.

Who uses MSDS sheets?

~ MSDS's are meant for: a. Employees who may be occupationally exposed to a hazard at work. b. Employers who need to know the proper methods for storage etc. c. Emergency responders such as fire fighters, hazardous material crews, emergency medical technicians, and emergency room personnel.

Why MSDS sheets Valuable?

~ Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide valuable information on chemicals as well as procedures for handling and working with a substance safely. The MSDS includes information such as physical data (boiling point, flash point, etc.), health effects, toxicity, first aid, storage, disposal, personal protective equipment, and spill/leak procedure

How many sections are on a MSDS sheet?

~It has 16 sections

List sections?
1. Product and company identification 2. Composition Information on Ingredients

3. Hazards Identification 4. First aid measures 5. Fire fighting measures 6. Accidental Release 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure Control 9. Physical and Chemical Properties 10. Stability and Reactivity 11. Toxic Information 12. Ecological Information 13. Disposal Consideration 14. Transport Information 15. Regulatory Information 16. Other

Which Section discusses Acidity?

~ Section 9. It describes the chemical and physical properties. It also tells you the appearance viscosity boiling point its ph odor vapor pressure vapor density freezing and the melting point and its density.

What equipment should you use when dealing with Acid?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. goggles gloves apron chemical resistant clothing face shield respitory protection