Future Challenges and Solutions in Traffic Management

Gerd Sammer o.Univ.Prof. DI Dr. Institute for Transport Studies Department of Landscape, Spatial and Infrastructure Sciences University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria

Universitt fr Bodenkultur Wien Department fr Raum, Landschaft und Infrastruktur

Final Project Symposium TEMPUS III JEP Project: IREITEU Intergration of Road Engineering IT-Technologies at Egyptian Universities 23rd of June 2009, Cairo

File: pers. Verz./Sammer/Vortrge/2009_06_23_Cairo/Vortrag_23_06_2009

Institute for Transport Studies, BOKU Vienna 1

Structure
Introduction Bus Priority Measure under Heterogeneous Traffic Condition Parking Management Scheme for Private Car Parks Conclusion

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Definition
Traffic management =

Influencing of traffic (flow) and transport with operational measures based on defined goals
(without major infrastructure measures high cost-effectiveness)

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Types of Traffic Management Measures

Traffic management of traffic infrastructure (with and without ITS) Travel information service Mobility management for firms and companies Travel behaviour change program etc.

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Goal of Traffic Management Measures

Influencing traffic to improve the environment promote the economic development achieve a high social standard for the whole population sustainable transport development

Need of suitable evaluation tool (SDA = Sustainable Development Analysis)

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Example 1

Bus Priority Measure under Heterogeneous Traffic Condition

Results of phd-thesis of P. Vedagiri, Madras

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The Problem
Congested arterial roads in conurbation no space for widening no sense of widening Two principle alternatives

underground railway

new distribution of road space

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Lane-Based Homogeneous Traffic Flow

Vedagiri 2009
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Non-Lane-Based Heterogeneous Traffic Flow

Vedagiri 2009
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Bus Lane for 14.5 m Wide Urban Road (Dual Carriage Way)

Vedagiri 2009
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Example Bus Lane with Bus Stop in Seoul

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Speed of Bus and Other Vehicles With and Without Bus Lane, Road-width 14.5 m
60 50
other vehicles with bus lane other vehicles without bus lane bus with bus lane

vehicle speed km/h

40 30
bus without bus lane

20 10 0 0

1000

5330

6650

7600

8550

9500

2000

4000

6000 vehicle / h

8000

10000

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Travel Time Saving of Bus and Other Vehicle Users in Comparison With and Without Bus Lane, Road-width 14.5 m
-60

-40 travel time %

-20

20 0

1000

5330

6650

7600

8550

9500

2000

4000 vehicle / h

6000

8000

10000

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Example 2

Parking Management Scheme for Private Car Parks

Results of a Research Study for the Vienna Region ITS, BOKU

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The Problem
Parking management and paid parking zones in public space very efficient traffic management measure Problem: increasing number of private parking slots commuter car parks, car parks of shopping centres etc. Two options of solution

congestion pricing parking management for private car parks

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Options of parking management measures for private car parks

1 Obligatory limitation of the maximum number of private parking slots for customers and commuters Parking space levy for operators of large private car parks 20 to 60 /month, parking slot Obligatory parking fees for customers (0,80 to 1,80 /h) and commuters (20 to 60 /month, parking slot) Maximum trip quotas in combination with mobility management for customers 20 to 200 car trips/day,1000 m2 gross floor area, penalty
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Behavioural Reaction of Users of Cars for Shopping purposes obligatory pay parking schemes for schopping centres in Vienna
share of car users for shopping [%]

% of reactions at 1.8 /h
still use car shift to car sharing reduction of shopping trips car use with new destination shift to public transport new destination with other mode shift to foot others
0% 0,00 0,80 1,30 1,80

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10%

20 % 3%
20 % 1% 11 % 15 % 25 % 5%
36 % reduction of shopping trips to previous destination 16 % new destination

parking fee / hour [/h]

sample 65-67

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Change of Modal Split for Shopping Purpose obligatory pay parking schemes for shopping centres in Vienna

parking fee / hour [/h]

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Opinion of Operators and Developers obligatory pay parking scheme (OPPS) for shopping centres
50 % 100 % loss of image difficult argumentation to customers refund of parking fee loss of control effect for traffic demand combination of OPPS with parking space levy influence on decisions of location problem at boundary of zones with different fee level equal treatment of all locations is important

90 %

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Opinion of Operators and Developers parking space levy for shopping centres
73 % influence on the decision of location problem at boundary of zones with different tax level equal treatment of all location is important passing the cost to customers jeopardizing of existing location of shopping centres reductions of number of parking slots

100 % 27 % 64 %

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Ive, Dep.RaLI, Boku Vienna

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Recommendation
Strong demand effects, mitigation of congestion Recommendation for combined measures
OPPS + parking space levy

Recommendation for application

- in low density areas outside cities - increased graduation of levy dependent on increasing car-orientation - possible application in air quality redevelopment areas - further research needed
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Limitation of car trips for shopping centres

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Attention of Not Negligible Side Effects

Short term effects for shopping trips
- Omitted trips (deduced traffic) up to one quarter consumer loss - Change of destination for shopping trips up to one quarter weakening of shopping locations appropriate zones for shopping centres with obligatory parking management measures? problem of fair competition for obligatory zones with differentiated level of quota

Long term effects

Strong effect on location choice for shopping centres appropriate locations for obligatory OPPS boundary problem?
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Further research recommended

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Conclusion
Traffic management very effective Attention to not negligible side effects Cost-effective contribution for sustainable transport policy

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Future Challenges and Solutions in Traffic Management

Gerd Sammer o.Univ.Prof. DI Dr. Institute for Transport Studies Department of Landscape, Spatial and Infrastructure Sciences University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria

Universitt fr Bodenkultur Wien Department fr Raum, Landschaft und Infrastruktur

Final Project Symposium TEMPUS III JEP Project: IREITEU Intergration of Road Engineering IT-Technologies at Egyptian Universities 23rd of June 2009, Cairo

File: pers. Verz./Sammer/Vortrge/2009_06_23_Cairo/Vortrag_23_06_2009

Institute for Transport Studies, BOKU Vienna 24