Name: ................................................................. Class:............................ LATIH TUBI 9: TRANSFORMER QUEST. Negeri Sembilan 2008 1.

The diagram 3 shows a U-shaped laminated soft iron core is wound with insulated copper wire AB and CD. An a.c. voltage of 240 V is connected at the end of AB and a bulb 12V 60W is connected at the end CD. 1/06 2/20 3/20 4/20 TOTAL/66 MARKS

(a) What type of transformer is shown in Diagram 3. ............................[ 1 mark ] (b) State one reason why the a.c. voltage is supplied. .....................[ 1 mark ] (c) The bulb lights up with normal brightness. Determine the ratio of the number of turns in the coil AB to the number of turns in the coil CD.

[ 2 marks ] (d) The voltage supply 240 V. alternating current. is replaced by a voltage supply 240 V direct current. (i) What happens to brightness of the bulb. .............................................................[ 1 mark ] (ii) Give the reason for your answer. ....................................[ 1 mark ] Kelantan2009 2. Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the deflection of the galvanometer when a bar magnets are pushed into two identical solenoids.

(a) What is meant by electromagnetic induction? [1 mark] (b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, (i) state the magnetic pole at the end P when the bar magnets are pushed into the solenoids. [1 mark] (ii) compare the number of bar the magnets and the deflection of the galvanometer. [1 mark] (c) State the relationship between (i) the number of bar magnets and the strength of the magnetic field, [1 mark] (ii) the strength of the magnetic field and the deflection of the galvanometer. [1 mark] (d) Diagram 10.3 shows an ideal transformer.

(i) Name the type of transformer. [1 mark] (ii) Explain how current is induced in the secondary coil? [4 marks] (e) Diagram 10.4 shows an ac generator.

Suggest modifications that can be made to increase the output current to the generator in Diagram 10.4. State and explain the modifications based on the following aspects: (i) Strength of the magnet (ii) Shape of the magnet (iii) Number of turns of the coil (iv) Diameter of the wire of the coil (v) The speed of rotation [10 marks]

Terengganu 2010 3. Diagram 12.1 shows a bulb labelled 12 V, 24 W is connected to the output of a transformer. The efficiency of the transformer is 40%.

(a) (i) name the type of transformer. [1 marks] (ii) explain the working principle of the transformer [4 marks] (b) Calculate (i) The current flow in the secondary coil (ii) Power input in the primary coil. [5 marks] (c) You are asked to investigate the design and the characteristic of four transformer shown in diagram 12.2 Transformer P Q R S Thickness of the coil Thick Thick Thin Thin Material of Type of the core the core Soft iron Laminated Steel Solid Soft iron Laminated Steel Solid Table 12.2 Distance between primary coil and secondary coil/cm 2 6 2 6

Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the transformer and determine which transformer has the highest efficiency. Give reasons for you choice [10 marks]

Perak 2009 4. Diagram 12.1 shows an electomagnet which is used to separate iron from metal scrap

(a) What is meant by electomagnet? [1 mark] 3

(ii) State two factors that affect the stength of an electromagnet and explain your answers. [4 marks] b) Diagram 12.2 shows a model of an electromagnetic relay which is used to switch on an electic motor.

The resistance of the solenoid of the electromagnet is 20 ohms and the relay needs a minimum current of 160 mA to function. Termina A/B must be connected to a power supply and a switch. Terminal P Q is connected to another power supply and an electric motor 240 V 1000 W. Power Supply 3V 6V 240 V Typeo f connecting wires Thin copper wires Thin nichrome wires Thick copper wires Thick nichrome wires Table 12.3 Based on the information in Diagram 12.2 and table 12.3, determine i) The type of core you will use in the electomagnet and justify your choice. ii) The power supply you will connec to terminal A B. Show your working and justify your choice. iii) The curent that will flow in electic motor circuit. Determine the most suitable conecting wires for this circuit and justify your choice. [10 marks] Typeo f electomagnet core Soft iron core Aluminuium core Wooden core

c) Diagram 12.4 shows a transformer with a primary coil of Np, 2000 turns connected to an input 240 V a.c.The secondary coil has Ns turns and output voltage 12 V a.c.

240V a.c

12V 24 W

Diagram 12.4

(i) State the type of fansformer (ii) Calculate the number of turns of the secondary coil. Ns (iii) If the current that flows through the primary coil is 0.125 A, what is the effciency of the tansformer? [5 marks]

SKEMA LATIH TUBI 9: TRANSFORMER

1(a) Step-down transformer (b) a.c. power supply, Vp can produce a changing magnetic field that induces an alternating e.m.f in the secondary coil, Vs (c) Np : Ns = 20 : 1 (d)(i) Bulb will not light up (ii) Because transformer cannot function using direct current/ cannot produce change in magnetic flux 2(a) The effect of producing emf /current, when there is a relative Motion cutting between conductor and magnetic field (b) (i) North pole (ii) -The more the bar magnets in 10.2, -the greater/larger the deflection of the galvanometer in 10.2 (c) (i) The more the bar magnets, the stronger the magnetic field strength (ii) The stronger the magnetic field strength, the greater/larger the deflection of the galvanometer (d) (i) Step down transformer (ii) When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, A changing magnetic field will be produced The changing magnetic field will cut through the secondary coil, An alternating emf /current of the same frequency to be induced in the coil

Modifications Use strong magnet

Concave poles of magnet

Explanations -Strong magnet produced strong magnetic field, -high emf/current will be induced. Concave poles provide a radial magnetic field which ensures the cutting of the magnetic field is always maximum. More emf/current is induced. -resistance reduced -The more emf/current is induced. More cutting of flux magnet To avoid leakage of magnetic flux

Coil with more turns. Larger diameter of coils.

higher speed Wires are wound on a soft iron core which is called armature

Terengganu 2010

Perak 2009