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(3^. .ti^,
Tcux.c^<^.uyyj^^(^^^-^ cc<.c^^^-^
DEFENCE
OF THE
SCOTS HIGHLANDERS,
IN
GENERAL;
AND
new and
fatlsfaftory
Account of the
his
POEMS;
Of
the
High
Antiquities
of Scotland.
By
the Rev.
LONDON:
Printed for J. Eger TON, Whitehall j W. Stewart, Piccadilly; and W. Richardson, Royal Exchange.
MDCCXCIV,
MY
'T^HAT
LORD,
I
and
well
known,
raife
name
will adorn
and
the
which it is prefixed;
no
lefs
amiable,
On
that,
that
acount,
offering
I
it,
humbly acknowledge,
I
;
by
do not
at all
compliI court
much lefs
do
iv
having a
that inte-
refted one
juftice,
attempt to
vindicate
my
who have
been
illiberally infulted
by the intemperate
it v^^ill
meet
anceftors ever
has
all
is
ex-
pe(fted
and being
at the
of
power and
antiquity,
is
equalled by few,
in
North
Britain; I
attention can-
not
fail
people,
who had
influence,
and
where
their prowefs
have been
adion
in the
hour of danger.
Lord, thefe martial in-
To you,
protediion,
then,
my
up
for patronage
and
when
unjuftly
and
fo foully ca-
ety in
alfo
con-
men
to
make
that I feel
my-
moved by
inclination,
and encouraged
to dedicate the
by gentlemen of eminence,
of
vi
;
of your
leifure
hours
and
it is
hoped that
therein
Thefe
obtain
pardon,
for
what otherwife
and
would be conlidered
prefumption.
as a piece of vanity
refpetft.
Mi-
LORD,
Your
And
IT IS hardly
jedt of
neceffary to
make an apology
The fubftudicd
all
that
is
it
plainnefs
and
both which
has been
my
as
much
objed of
my
wifh
is
obtained
and
it is
hoped the
may have
inadvertently
and
fm-
ADVERTISEMENT.
A
*-
Subjed
that
is
new and
ftriking, gene;
minds of men
and
judgment
freely paiTed
upon
it,
as the in-
more or
lefs affedted
by the
with a
objecTt
is
If the
narrative
admirers
if
original obfcurity.
firft
or
laft
of
by
the
Author
left to
fland
or
fall
Public, before
appearance.
felf,
if poflible, to
fnatch
cir-
fpite
of
the
"
ence.
do honour
to their country,
fecure
upon the
authorities
handed
down
beyond a doubt that their own knowledge of the fubjett was but extremely imperfect,
and
their
hoved
formed authority.
feft
This
in
affertion
is
mani-
from
manufcrlpts.
{o extremely foreign
even
knowing
them of
accurate
Celtic requires
to ilrip
to
ma&s,
This
is
in order
make them
intelligible.
particularly
"1
Mon-
Romans have
ftript
of their
in
by tranfpofitions of letters
purely to
make
ears
to
their
own
once
refleding
that a
language
fo tortured
was rendered
unintelligible to
which
ed
:
in
its
natural drefs
it
was
fitly
adapt-
while
left
the
new-modelled
expreffions
were
quite inapplicable to
Of
this the
Author, without
was
familiar to
him from
his pro-
and
alfo
ing in
it,
Weft of
Scotland.
coutfs
iv
courfe
of education,
and
the
additional
advantages
he
now
poffeffes,
of reading
as
of
cidate
the
he
flatters
juRice,
hut render
to the reader.
He
the
many
have handled
from giving
fuperior
that
fatisfadion
which
their
abilities
would
otherwife
have
would have
ancient
lan-
guage throughout
If the
all
Europe.
knowledge
would
would enlarge
on many
more
fully,
by making
a gloffary
more
\]
authors,
Britain, Caledo-
fuch
as Alabin,
all
of them well
known
He
the judicious
known
of the
ties will
critics,
his authori-
more
he arrogates no
praife to himfelf,
abilities did
and
is
do more ample
of an abler pen.
worthy
not folely
which
fell
under
from
rage,
his
own
and has
damned
the credibility
C
blllty
vi
of his
own
works.
And
while
thj
Macpherfons
and
look on it as unworthy of an anfwer, much more ought the Author fo to do, being lefs concerned. But in regard Mr. Pincarton
has handled the Picf?, and other fubjels to
which he
poffible,
is
a ftranger, fo the
Author imif
whom
at the
trate a
much freedom
endeavour
and
will
to illuf-
epithets that
have hitherto
make
that will be at
;
and he
with the approbation of the impartial public efpecially of the Learned, where the
nature of the fubjed; leads
tical
him
to
make
criis
pleafant
than a plain
interruption
career of the
fmooth
is
narrative,
when no
made
more
fuperiicial reader.
DE-
DEFENCE
SCOTCH HIGHLANDERS.
AFTER
ed,and
illiberal
Hiftory of Scotland,
Mr.
the afperitr
and Learned
to
Charadters in particular;
was prompted
his
make
few remarks on
and
to ftate
acrimony a-
gainft them,
with
my own
kno iv-
ledge,
This
is
a tribute due to
man
of ho-
pay
her.
The
writer,
though
accefs
of knowing
the
both
the
genius
claffes
and
difpofitions of
different
regions.
But
in order to
do juftice properly to fo
more
it
Mr. Pincarton
in a
few
particulars,
by way of giving a
;
fpeci-
men
of his
fpirit
for to attempt a
his
com-
works would
my
readers.
And
is
flatters
plaufible n-jrrative,
and
fully fraught
with
veracity, offered
From
this
gentleman's enquiry
appears,
that
Gothic
Scotch
Piks from
North
yet as the
John, minifter of
cal DifTertation,
Slate, in
up
their entrance
fo
Mr.
Pincarton,
who
appears
CAMBDEN,
'
'
German, Daniih,
Celtic tongue.'
and Englifh
but
if
Here
'o
Here he
the
Cumerag
or
Welch
fame
fent,
lately arrived
in
Where,
then,
and
when
Welch
is
who were
Without enquiring
of Mr. Pincarton's
affertion,
whether or not
ing
we know
it is
denied by
men
of learn-
language, as Greek
far the Gaelic agrees
from Arabic.
How
will appear, if
any
trial will
reap
little
from tbe^dialogue,
As
As
Cumeras,
it is
their hiftory
At
left
leaft
there are
no
veiliges
of their name
behind, to
make
it
appear
The Cumera
fpoken of by fome
as aifo
firll
as deriving their
but the
name
two
from the
Irifli
Channel and
Ifle
Mann on
mouth of
Ifles
meeting
at
the
two
alluded to
Co-
name of
As
for
its
from thence.
Perthfhire,
it
Comrie
parifti
in
derives
name from
the con-
meet
at the
village
of Comrie
and from
thence
many
12
their
MontoGumbries, which
'
lame people.
*^
The two Macpheribns, led by the fame wife Celtic ideas, defire we fhall in future know the Pids to be Gaels, of hur aim dear
bind and bones; and they fay, Believe otherwife on your peril
in the old Celtic,
;
'
'
we
fkilled
'
non-entity?
And what
and
'
Do
not
we know more
w^ife m.en,
than
'
'
them
of a
Are not
w^e
?^
two
and quite
new
fchool
to
lead
;
us to examine
for ourfelves
but
the
barely mention or
name, without
themfelves,
rived.
enquiring,
informing
whence
their language
was de-
two Macpherfons
they
are in the
wrong, though
knew
'3
it
ftrange
mode of forming
conclufions
who
is,
that
continues he,
impoffible to preferve
witli
one's mufclcs
when he meets
utter
dom and
'
*
learning.
ailert,
'
'
'
fide.
Such
all
and fads.'
(Where
are thefe
authorliies
witli,
except
An
opinion that
he
is
ignorant
*of
(
*
*
'4
of
tlie
*
*
tained of
him by
others.
The
opinions
*
*
be
fuch
weak
vifionaries as are
reft
' *
*
five centuries
behind the
of mankind,
as Jeffrey
and not
fo
knowing now,
their
of
Monmouth,
'
brother,
was
in the
twelfth century.
The Cumeri
rivers
^
*
'
names of
works of man,
The remarks
of a certain Baronet on
we
fhall fuftain
them
laid
good
fenle
fcurrility
however, to be
honour
it
with a reply.
Such an
illiberal
(
Illiberal attack
is
!
>5
is
which
as
impotent
as it
When
a
man
and
upon
fubject,
a coel
a conclufive ar-
gument, that he
is
fenfible of the
weaknefs
own
abilities to
fupport
it.
" But
as the character
of modefly
is
not
would feem
to
me,
difco-
Nor
ftate
is
it
fome deranged
the
Norwegian
But
as the
gentleman,
may
not drop
tiie
a decent
if
waiter,
ge-
he pleales,
call
away
the
'^
the libel,
memory.
to
We
Gambden
to
came
Great
time
yet
Mr.
them
in
Great Britain
many
by
en-
who
are faid
fome
to
Chrift, as
ftridt
and
as
no author of
before
why
and
I
eftablifh fo
plaufiblc,
may
ally as they
cient
language,
rivers,
and
alfo
guided
fcraths,
by the
&c. the
writ-
names of
mod:
mountains,
all
infallible
of
guides,
when no
originally, deter?
in their favour
and Mr.
Pincartoa
his
purpofe
much
hur
had he fpared
malice
at
the
are
bottom,
and that
their
publications
own
for railing
;
and reafon-
ment
defcends into
.purpofe he wilhes to
ellablifh.
Mr. Gibbons
the
fays
Dodor's
and
abilities.
of Skye
it is
a circumftance
honourfo re^
work
with erudition
and
criticifm
fhould
Mr.
P.
is
fufficient to
wipe away
learned
parifon.
gentleman,
by
his
unjuft
com-
The
kind reader
is
defired to
pardon the
following
'8
namely
to
the vernacular
the
grcateft purity
Engliih language
is alfo
This
v/ill
appear
all
lefs
furprifmg
when
it
confidered, that
at
;
fuch as fpcak
are
taught
the
firfl
feminailes of learning in
as are
Scotland
and fuch
of inferior rank,
are
and
in
want of
better
opportunities,
the
mouths
an
At
is
eminent fchool,
falary of
endowed
with a yearly
for
60 or yo pounds,
;
the main-
tleman whofe
living,
abilities entitle
him
to fuch a
them
Thefe
from provinciality of
dialed):
as
poffible.
Hence
it
(juarter are
in
London,
than
19
They muft
dialedls,
be allowed, therefore, to be
fation
Colle<5lions of
rally
fo gene-
of people.
How
the
Mr.
P.
comes
to
fill
the
his
mouths of
jargon,
own
a language
fhire, is
unknown
in
public.
Truth ought
to precede malignity,
;
with every
is,
fenfible writer
and certain
it
that
not
that
much known over thefe countries fo Mr. P. may clap them into his pocket,
opportunity to difpofe of them
fall
until a better
to better advantage
'
in his
way.
it
The
is
own vague
'
becomes
as difficult to
*
recognize
20
recognize them, as to
a
know
a perfon la
'
mafk.
A modern Englifli
and
word or name,
real Celtic
'
when
'
as fingular
years (landing.*
Mr.
flatly, for
guages, as to render
ligible
;
them
Celts
have handed
down
their
languages
nunciation
fo that
the well-known
Mr. mode of
reality.
P. boldly reverfes
wear a
dif-
ma^k from
an
ori-
may
fmall
contains,
and which
nofyllables,
many
at
of them,
firfl;
mo-
as language
naturally
eonfifts
^I
and
in a great
many
de-
clenfions, conjugations,
which
all
more or
free
lefs
is
the
pretty
had
to ftruggle
to
deftroy
And
the reader
may
fafely belate
lieve, that
is
well
known
by the natives
ftrangers
expeift
who
fo
though
to that tongue
much Thus
difcernment
w^e
among them.
may
own
fancy, and
of
changing names
the
and carry
;
word
but our
fuch things.
into
Noachos
The Greeks have turned Noe but we keep by the fame fyl-
lable,
(
lable,
"
as
do
Belgians,
had
but
it is
words
in Irifh
But
this
man, though
modern
old
it,
words,
like
mafk
but, in return,
P.
we
abfolutely
deny
forward a
few of
he can.
quires
thofe,
and try
impofe on
Celtic
if
On
no fuch
has a fufficient
lefs
own, and no
per-
The
language, indeed,
may
;
be cor-
but fuch
eafily
known,
23
known,
as
little
adapted
Mr.
P. to exprefs himfelf
;
unguardedly ignorant
but no
real
Scotch
Highlander would
'
Some
late
ruperficial
dreamers,
contl-
among
the
Highlanders,
:
is
this opi-
who tell
Au
miracle
au miracle
'
RoAll
flood
'
upon
where
its
favourite fpot
its ovv-n
ned
for
its
own
'
Among
'
mutability of
human
affairs
has no power.
Vv'ili
'
No
be
a!-
'
ways
C 4
imputed
in)
to the
* *
PaulPczeron
declares,
*'
flatly
was
and
Britifh
and
it is
well
known
that the
Cel'ic
remain in
alfo.'*
the mountains
when Mr.
P.
dead
;
This
man
is
very inconfillent
for one
is
quite different
Irifli,
totally corrupted;
as if well verfant,
by way of
may
look on him as a
fenfible
If
man
of learning,
at this
gentleman's au mi-
on
his
Wfhh
and
Irifh
intelligence
on a
of,
language he
is
here
25
here
is
pailime
mour
that
fo triflingly,
below contempt,
man mull
When
his
argument
will
is
plaufible, a
con-
vincing return
be
always given to
'
his
tell-
*
' *
& Tua
de
Dannaa
in Arguileihire.
In the year
'
'
merly had.'
that he
means
tlic
Dalreads and
their
fettleis
Tua
ment
or
his
de
in Scotland,
;
which by the by
is
it
not
believed generally
at all
certain
lucubrations.
But paffing
this,
he
26
he
tells
us afterwards,
It
that
;
the
Scots
are defcended
of the Irifh
that
in
yet he
muft
acknowledge
the
time
of
AmCale-
were already
donia
;
fettled
in Scotland, or
alfo,
he found them
and A. D. 360,
lie
found them
This
with the
Tua
de
Dannan and
fo
Dalreads,
few, according
Mr. Baxter,
the
as
hardly to be
known
until
nant
mcnk,
aaeo
ohfcitri
nomhiis
tit
not
powerful
PECRS themfelves,
"
to extend their
Vol
I.
p.
4vO.
territories,
^7
territories,
e.
Romans,
to help
them
to
from Scotland
altogether:
And
Roman
;
Fergus
II.
was only
fuf-
fered to return
Befides,
anno 404.
authors do not afford any
other country
marks on
or received
by
bards, Scotch
hiftorians,
or Englifh
antiquaries,
Stillingfleet,
fabulous
that
three
of the Irifh
which
are
the
Irilli,
28
cefler,
credulous
author of
the
14th
century.
though
it
opinion of
many
fand learned
men
is
in
many
far
in-
ftances, than a
popular error,
it is
from
vi^riters
and whole
fent cafe.
no crime
evinced
prefumption to affirm,
that
their
when
is
it
ill
can
be
belief
founded.
Upon
little
the whole,
we may
firmly believe
had too
room
from Ireland
in fuch circumftances.
So then
it is
a truth
29
it
Romans
when they
the
feeing
;
enemy
cleared
from
their ba-
who was
Thefe Scots
Irifli
to neft
country.
that there
504,
when
Tua deDannan
& Dalreads,
have apafFeding
faid to
It is truly
they yielded
to
the
fuperiority
of three
powers; when
their
king fays,
^od potui
as
And
Johnacics^
fton of
50
)
all
P/^/,
Britto,
Itala
Virtus-,
the three
There
well as
Ammianus
Marcellinus, of opinion,
as
remarked by Herodian.
N. Bri-
tain
was
to the
whole nation
after
Kenneth
II.
called Scotland,
called
Ireland, lerne."
Sir
honeftly confefles,
tories
it
in the Iriih
hif-
there
is
much
falfehood.
their
That
origia
ie
from
31
from
Britain, both
by
reafoii
of the viclmty
and
part of Britain
which hes
whofe language they fpoke, and whofe cuftoms they followed, muft have been their
mother country; for, adds Dr. Mackenzie, though they would not venture from South
Britain,
on
fo
is
no
reafon
why
currachs,
enjoyment of lands
where
the
pafiage
is
only
acknowledged that
mofi; antiquaries
came from
Ireland
but
as
thefe again
;
partly
but
mo-
nearer
r-
now
that
neighbours, the
George
Mackenzie
originally
believes
the Scots
to
came
from Scythia
and
Norway, from
Britain.
Norway
Bede
to Scotland,
in Ireland
among
had
the
It is plain, ac-
cording to
him,
that
the
Scots
whom
no Pa-
Roman
the
Mearns
though
nefs gave
way
to
Roman
call
them ancient
refi-
or, iu his
own
words,
nicle of
the
Scots
Caffibelan
king of the
In fhort, Baleus,
who
is
(
$8
33
)
is
To jiift
aij
to
ex imor-
e.
faithfully
fo
from undif'-
torrupted annals.
ferent opinions,
is it
Among
not
many
fafeft to rely
upon
thefe
?
name of
failors
even
does
fcode^
which then,
as
it
now^
are
named from
ivhich',
among
;
muck
all
older ftanding
heard of
it till
much
later
period,
of
them
in
Scot-
South corner of
AN
gyle
and
that
who
coUedled
home
mature
nor
In one w^ord,
be
neither
moi;e
Norwegians
fettled in
the
34
'
'
And
it
is
perfeclly
known,
of theHighLmders of Scotland
of Norwegian v/ords. (By
quite full
known
fo well
That
is
a fecret that
'
'
much more
dialect, in as
much
as its written
ments are
five centuries
* *
*
tongue had a
much
on the one hand, and the Norwegians on the other, muft have totally changed it.'
Not
do
fo
fo
bad
it
is
to be hoped, feeing
no
much
mifchief to
it
no
even
if fome
alter a
language,
i5
language, yet
many do
not.
Indeed, fays
own
Ca-
country language,
to
Babylon
they did
fo that
not even
know
their
by an
interpreter. *
if fmaller in
number, then
;
if
new language
And
when an
view
again,
Thus Alexander
eftabli(hed his
own
and im-
medi-
36
mediately departed.
Neither did
tlie
coil-
guage of Italy-no more than the invafions of the Romans and Danes made any change in the Celtic or
in Scotland
the Gaelic,
as
particularly
of
its
of the
Romans
fludied
Now
the
Ifles
the
natives
dif-
much
of their lands and properties as before under the Kings of Scotland, and only pay
tribute to the
ledge
him
as their lawful
King
in
room of
the other.
the Gaelic
all
is
Hence
why
the
not in the
leaft adulterated
;
over
37
more
free
from
call*
mixture, or corrupiion,
it.
'*
Pinkerton
It
fon, "
by conqucft, intermixture, or
The moun-
become
their
off
by
diflimilitude of fpeech
v^rith
from conver-
fation
neighbours.
Thus
in
fubfifts.
Thus
(Ah
inhabitants
where
guage)
is
lan-
That primitive
guage
dcfire
is
me
;
for,"
adds he,
**
the
by
from
their an-
cedors."
bore
38
fettled.
This
is
plain
(this is
much
for
Mr, P.
to bear patiently)
now
in the Hebrides
natives.
too well
known
to be debated
though difpofed
to be of a contrary opinion.
is
difguftingj
alfo mofl;
unlucky
laft
in regard
we
he wifhes
to eftablilh,
As
the
Romans
in
could not
fo
fix their
own
language in Britain,
Norwegians
the
Hebrides;
landing places,
and
little
bays or towns,
The
39
The
natives,
who have
the advantage of
cff
frequently
boarding
from
the dialed
is
bold to fay,
with
all
know
as
much of
the
pompous parade
of words and vocables produced to convince the ignorant of* his exteniive
ledge of that language.
knowfpent
For one
who
entitled to
know
the
firft,
and Mr.
laft.
caufe,
the Norwegians.
But
as
he affirms that no
fragment
tury,
is
no evidence,
hundred
lines,
it
is
older
makes one
that learned
D4
Wq
40
) to the
refer
Mr. Pinkerton
Mac
Nicol,
who
;
man
very foundly
and he
conin
known
foolilh
date.
There
is
an old
woman
of
my acquaintance
who
this
alfo
and
woman,
alive,
rememfaying,'^
which
flie
family by
muft
fall
This
announces
qua-
liiication before
to lay his
works before
HvaW inform
judgment.
Then we
the
41
a Highland bard,
at the
coronation of Alex*
Edward
The
bard behoved
many
redted
learned judges,
who
him had he erred in his narration. In King James the Sixth's time, two phyficians of the name of Bethune were educated in Spain
;
who was
Both of
on
them were
yet
The
where they
All their
and there
late as
is
bates
of cpurfe
4i
)
lefs
rated language,
much
alterable,
when
known now,
as well as then.
chronicle
to
Ken-
And he moreover
in
was fpoken
It is to
Galloway
in his
own
time.*
may
but what
fhall
he
fay,
when
told that
Jirone,
and cochag na
arts
of
life,
can
be produced on
in
Galloway
being
with the
qf Scotland.
*"
i727
Andrew,
43
Andrew,
the
blfliop
of Chronkus Antiquorum
hi Gejiis
&
A?tnalibus Aniiquis
is
flill
Scotorum Brittoftum,
alfo
This
extant,
and he mentions
ancient,
1
by an author who
,
185. *
Nay,
tongue.
St.
mother
of
St.
flourifhed
in
for
;
11
00
and they
will be too
\^^rote
Gaelic,
f
is
The above
no help
of his
for
much
Mr. Pin-
but there
little
We
fhall
hear a
more
own
account, no
lefs
difagreeable to
himand
ages,
The
favages,
all
regarded as fuch by
writers of
f Ibid.
'
their
44
'
*
their
borrowed of
logifts,
others
ignorant of thefe
Celtic,
many
*
*
words from
^
*
Without
a complete
'
mology,
nefs;
elfe
as naturally
man who
Celtic,
it
pafTes
judgment
fo
roundly on the
quainted with
is
ought
to be better ac-
who
grofsly ignorant
of what he condemns
as will
appear on fome
ea tu ne
future occafion
unnecef-
Gothic bears
fenfe.
no
fimil^irity to
it
either in
found or
rough knoY^'ledge of
t|:ie
Celtic language
and
45
'
either ill any tolerable light with regard words or things, and that many words to
let
in
are illuftrated
by
it.
This
guage
difqiialifies
its
judge of
*
antiquities.
*
*
<
ledge
and which
none
them who
more au-
'
'
is
in
their
'
And
yet
is
ignorance,
though truly
as infufficient,
but
But, fays
Mr. P.
the Celtic
is
a favage Ian-
guage, or mixture of
many
others, fo fofc
that, as
'
Buchanan
what vou
fays of the
ex quo lihtt
quod
libet
pleafe of
what you
That
46
but fuch
languages
as
he himrdf
to fpeak of
knew
knowledge
and of courfe
it
is
great pre-
an opinion fo injurious to a
the Gaelic.
there never
to poetry
tongue
*
fo
truly expreflive as
fays
Perhaps,'
Mr. Smith,
'
was a language
and
better adapted
all its
'
words are
* '
for the
mod
an echo to the
fenfe.'
Harih ob-
harili founds, in
;
which
whilft fofr
to
them
The
hence, in
and
is at
whatever paffion he
;
acquainted w^ith the Gaelic, will acknowledge the juftnefs of Mr. Smith's remark.
Let
47
Let us
now
it,
judge of
as his
'
may
alfo
'
be dea flight
pended upon.
guages
I have,'
leaft,
fays he,
acquaintance, at
;
and
can aver,
that
before
the
world,
the
Gaelic
lefs
is
as copious as
fuited to poetry
than the
modern
Italian.'
Things
of
may
not pro;
but
of
common and
many
the
vova^-
cables to exprefs
fuch as
fuit all
may
choofe.
To
it
our language,
public, that
Vv-e
have a poetical
dialedl,
;
as-
that the
Highlander.
The
from what
in other languages
it
has too
many vowels
fuitable to
and diphthongs,
vv'hich,
though
poetry,
48
)
lefs difr
J)oetrjr,
tindt
in lefs har-
Some
late,
ignorant
it
writers
of
the
Gaelic of
theii*
is
true,
biriftled
over
many
confd^
iii
nants
preferved only to
' '
*
mark
'
the etymon.
Yet
ftill,'
adds P.
every
name
that
is
Celtic,
may,
'
and
fhall
fitnefs,
equal
v*rorld,
'
tured,
us hear
'
him
Fairly ven-
'
Suppofe,' (conti-
nues he)
'
'
we fhould
names
chanca
and apply
them
fhire
;
to
'
*
^ crdmaliiox inftance,
my
;
which
to
*
*
(fonadachanca^) a
to
'
mal.,
Where
49
When
it
fuits his
to have
had an exiftence;
lived,
no fuch perfon
hero
is
cation.
Here, however,
this
man
Ikill,
of his
for the
Italian
word, which
is
but the
field,
He
is
equally
;
unhappy
is
in aird
nial'iy
a'lrd
where
a parifh
church ftaads.
A
*
Is a river in
the old
German
language,
*
'
and he applies
this exotic
ach to Auchter-
tool, Auchinfleet,
and Auchinleck.'
This
may be
true
Vv'ith
regard to the
German ach
iut
so
is
invariably applied
a river, as his
Germans
do.
Who
knows
Gothic words
the
ifle
in the Baltic'
But Aran
rives the
Inni/Jj,
an
larinn
or,
from bread,
fertile
Jlrafi
in Gaelic,
:
the
ifle
its
being
in
corn
lirft
it
however
takes
name from
the
of the two.
'
MULL,
But,
that in Scotland has the
coiledlat
'
From Mol,
a
found in Norway.'
on the contrary,
name from
dry
ebb,
where people may land from their boats. And the whole ifle takes the name from a
part,
as Scotland
its
is
foolifhly faid to
have
that
derived
name from
the
few men of
appellation,
who
'HARRIS,
(
*
SI
HARRIS,
;
'
or Heroe, an
ifle ii^
'
Norway.'
But Heu-
ruibh^ a hill,
and
always termed
Heuruibh, by
who
LIEWIS,
'
From
had
But
this
its
name from
Sorrachadh^ Sarah, a
a
is ftill
common
;
clirif-
as old as
Abraham's
that
name
was
the
Long
Scotland.
It is
known now by
word Leofe.
*
SKIA,
of the Ferroe
But that
ifle
in the
name from
SKIA
and
thefe
a fhield,
NEACH
a people, i.e.
Skian-neach;
drefs of the
inhabitants
in
hoftile
times,
well
5^
well be called
the peo
and
others,
account of the
very other
or coaft-fide
is
equally fubjet
Skian-neach were; becaufe they had not only their own feuds, but alfo the inhabitants of the Long Ille, ftretching along
en the Weft, North Weft fide, and of Scotland on the Eaft, to guard againft, who were ready to break in upon their rich ifle
from every quarter
an opinion of
to plunder
it
And Mr.
properly.
'
'
Is a
water, and
reftore
it
is
Welch.'
pleafes, as there
no
river of that
at
name
in Gaelic
but
river
Diann^ a river
and another,
*
JDonn^
SUTHER-
(
*
Si
SUTHERLAND
But Sutherland
it
Is
'
the
not
derive that
name from
and but
that
more
of
fully elfewhere
nor
was
it
the original
name
name from
the excel-
lent
Spearmen,
/. e.
TAY
;
by Tau, Au,
*
Is
all
appearance Gothic
is
Tavus,
It
or Aa,
a river in
Germany.*
deep
is
acknowledged that
I'ainh, is the
fea,
Tay may
feeking
fource without
Forth
This
is
not Gaelic;
he may referve
they arrive.
when
name
lowers
But
Mr. Pinkeris
ton's ignorance.
For Bodotria
the
54
colledlion of
mud
and
foft
bay, or river,
man walk
upon
at
And
the
perfedly impaffable
owing
channel of 50
overflows
its
banks, there
is
mud
behind
it.
So
much
for the
Forth.
this
Bo-
arifmg, both
from
and want
famous
river
that
one
is
at a lofs to
know whether
as the Forth,
much
that
in
the
fourth
fummer of Agricola's
d'lverfi
command,
Ghttrt
& Bodotria
niarh
55
moth
velut in al'iam,
&c.
the Bodotria
and
Glotta
being
feparated
by
a peninfula
writes that
genies
Novas
6cc.
ad T^aum^
which he
Tay
river ( MJluarlo
fummer
that
:
we
find
him oppofed by
ajfate quafextiim
the Caledonians
officii
Cctcrum
ani"
ammm
ifichoahat,
Infejia
clajfe
exploravit^ ^c.
Ad manus ad anna
&c.
angujiiis
tul'iffie
timebanturf prius
Cakdoniam
in ipjis
incolentes populi,
Fuit atrox
op em
;
convsrfi
portarum
ne
eguiffie
^Jilva Jugientcs
ria foret.
debeliatum
ilia
vidio-
worded
in
much
that Agricola
found
it
convenient
to go cautioufly to
work
againft
them
after-
wards, as
we may
E4
marks
56
^tqui
il!i
modo
ac
cauii^ ap fapientesy
magmloqu't
far
erant
di-
Thus
it
from being
fpirited
by
The
only difficulty
who
Camb-
mouth of
Tacitus
the river
it
Tweed, which,
fays he,
calls
Tatim 'Mfttiarium.
affirms, that
But
Sir
James Dalrymple
the learned
fays
Cambden
when he
that Tweed
called T'aiis^
river
which Tacitus
plain
in
Perthfhire,
whither the
Romans,
after
fleet to fail
about of
Sir
George MacKenzie
is alfo
to
differ in
baronets
efpecially
when we fmd
the
firfl
fixth
Summerj
57
)
fide
drew up
either to be Jura^
mean
of
it,
ifles
army drawn up
in Airfhire,
by fuch a
firft
{kirmifh happened on
off his troops,
when he drew
in the
and
crofTed
Clyde
firft
boat that he
known
before,
ad
id lempus gent e
paffing over at
Bad
Otth\ near
Dun-
entered
to the
among the nations before unknown Romans and after fecuring himfelf
;
as well as
he could, he
of the harbour, by
who had
colledled
58
becaufe
it
in-
mod
dangerous part of
all
Britain,
and
fo far re-
moved from
enemies
donians
:
anyaffiftance
from
his friends in
by
unconquered Cale-
mounpower
of the enemy,
in his
every block
their boats
over
and almoft
;
of misfortune
a thing
naturally to be expedled
when
encounter-
bading
ther farther
we
find
he
and even be
59
;
be vvorftedbythem
yet he
was
in Valentia,
friends,
and where
as his land-
ing
at
Angus and
Fife,
he was
pians,
ders,
fafe,
he was
Gram-
much
and in fad
mouth of
rivers
the Tai-
Stra Taukh,
where the
Teith and
on the
fides
well as then.
this,
Tay is called Strathern, name well known now, as Fiad the above Baronets known
back
to
No,
6o
No,
furely
Stirling,
thefe
large
cities,
as
Tacitus
then
and
to Ardoch,
camp
rofs
afterw^ards to Strathern,
on board
after fighting
of the Grampians.
after this digref-
But we
And
fhall return
back
name of
the
Forth.
the real
name of that
river was,
and
is flill,
in Gaelic,
its
and derives
charges
its
herfoHy a parifh
known
by
that
name.
And
feveral
gentlemen's
it
j
names from
from the
fource
aimed
to
Edinburgh.
About 14
be-
low
6i
!ow
this,
This [Aird)
houfe of entertain-
ment
they were
the ferry
by
times.
About
called
four miles
lies
Lochtafill.
There
tw^ty-four miles of water between the caftle of Stirling and the town
are
The
fcape
on earth from
that caftle.
Among the
a deep
river Po////;
and be-
low
name of Bruce
or in Gaelic,
all
and
called Bofoulls,
riverj
Bo
thefe
name of
the river, and are fads that cannot be controverted, at leaft overturned
by Mr. PinBoetius
kerton.
6^
genuine reading
of Tacitus.
fita
:
is
found
in
Ampla chit as
is
trans
this
the
hteral
Gaehc,
from
melodunum on
was
not
Romans had
Therefore
Stillingfleet calls
which
is
by Dunbarton called Otter Ferry Bad Otter, over which Agricola with or his Romans paffed, after he had drawn off
ferry-boat
his
coaft of Air,
where they
of
were drawn up
'
little
of Arran or
Ilia,
(for
it is
impoffible as a-
tance of
more than 20
part of Scotland,
not fee a
and by
this
way from
from
63
)
in
Cowal,
many more
that
might be
fpecified,
fufficient
to convince
Mr. Pinkerton,
that
the
name
In
every
mifappUed by others
as well as
by himfelf
good company,
much
*
GRAMPIANUS,
Gram,
!
Surely from
town
in
Norway.'
for inftead of a
town,
/.
Grampians of Scotland
are
hills,
e,
Garabh-Bheantibh^ rugged
hills.
OCHILL,
*
This name
is
Ochill.*
But thofe
names
uchdan^
it is
little
d'rreadh
re
mounting the
clear
hill
or eminence.
And
known from
hill
;
the veftiges of
it
to this day.
woody
hill,
uchd-coill \
and there
town
in
its
vicinity
named
^4
)
is,
named
tifing
Ochterarder^ that
the
wach ar ardan,
town on
fummit of an eminence or
Perthfhire.
ground in
'
LONDON,
a.
'
From Lond^
it ?
grove, the
grove/
Why not
as
e.
ginally given
the
firfl
fignifies a ftore
latter
the
hill
on which the
at
was
laid
out
Tower-hill, or Fleet*
is
for
Ludgate
precifely
lod or
;
FLOD
and
it is
well
known
is
up
though
now
the geoll
to arrogate to themfelves
names not
to be
Welch
or Englifh language,
to belong to
who
certainly fpoke
names
are well
known
to this
by
the inhabitants of
North Britain
day, and
many more
over
all
un-
known
ABBIR,
(
*
6s
)
:
ABBIR
a
Here
follows
world of Abers,
as
j
Germany
*
*
and Gothland,
his
ingenuity to
other
^
Gaelic
of
all,
he gravely
it is
his
Englifh
reader,
for
'
into fo
town beyond
it
After fo decided a
in
judgement,
this
would be
vain
to
tell
Aber uniformly lignifies the mouth of a river where its waters are 4ifcharged into
the
fea,
loch,
or
fome other
river,
and
BAL
*
<
*
As Balmerino, Balcaras. This i^ another word that would puzzle the mofl
*
Nothing
Icelandic,
*or
66
or Gothic,
is
a town or village'.
fee
This
for
is
granted
him
but we
own,
no reafon Bay
fo
Bo,
and Bal of
countries.
as well as of others,
*
*
DAL
Seems
to
land, as Dalrymple,
^fo
alfo in
Norway
'
and Denmark.'
defy
is
him
to
do
fo
to
a Highlander,
is
who
certain
that
Da/
not
at
the
by a
river, as
Dal can
where
'
Ross
a
Dealgin-
rofs in
is
Pertfliire,
Roman camp
to be fcen.
KIN,
in
As Wales
themway.
'
*
*
For there
are
30 of them
all
in
England, and
only Khifak in
Ireland, as
may be
i^tvk
*
in
(
*
6;
from whence formerly the king failed.' Ay, where is Kinfburrow, near Cork ? and Kin, a burrow of Carrig, and another Kin, of
'
Boyle?
and
Kinlis,
/.
e.
Cean
Lise,
in
or fertile
field
Meath
poor P. into
and no wonder by
it,
he
iliould
as
his
as
leader
was
as
he
is
is
himfelf.
Wo
own
kell
is
fcale
turned upon
his
head broke by
fignifies
for
the
head, or end of a
Scotland,
Cean-coill.
*ERSKIN
'
Is
is
fuppofed
but
it
is
in
upon
and few
kings
ever failed
;
a vehicle
and
Mr.
68
like the
monkey, the
its
climbs,
the barer
tail
ap-
to the fpeclators.
*
FORK
This word
in Gaelic
is
uncertain
as Fordiin/
But
it is
by no means uncertain,
being equivalent ro
Dun,
a hill, a
watch
my, fomething like the Norwegian Gok man on his watch tower.
*
Two thirds
Iflands
Gohis
thic'
that
but he
-,
happens
to
be unfortunately milkken
abfolutely denied,
for
the allertion
and the
author ouo-ht to
know
better
than Mr.
and Gothic
for
born in Scotland, where the Gothic is unknown, but the Gaelic perfedily familiar to every ear there, v.'here the lan-
guage
69
guage
Is
to gain
is
more
credit
than any
it,
j
man who
P.'s
a perfect Granger to
pertinently
preflimptuous
placing
Ifland
Sky
among
the 5
Ebudes
an
Ifles,
36 miles
are
diilant
from thefe
which
another,
known to be contiguous to one may latisfy any difcerning reader, how much he takes upon him above his
knowledge, or any good authority which
is
fufficient to
miftake.
his
And
from
own knowledge,
Mr. P.
iJleSf
maintains,
in diredt
Oppolition to
ler
forts, hays
comif
mon who
io
converfation, even
among
the vulgar,
Danes,
though
they
reiided
and
and
rocks,
lochs,
is
with
frefli
and
water
lakes
-,
which
alfo are
moftly Gaelic
and
this
-i
[(
70
in Scotland,
when
neither
Danes,
nor EngUjJj
ton!2:ue.
Thus
Mr.
he
his
P's
I2O0O names
in Scotland,
of which
fays
Irifi,
30 only zvQJ-Felch, and not above 50 on the north, fouth, and cajl, with
G(?/i'/r
2000
words
in the ivcjl
may
in
up
there to
make
We
*
ihall follow
him fome
is
farther to be in*
this matter,
be-
become the
I fliall
fren-
zy of
this
fhallow age
it,
and
remark,
*
'
before quitting
I
that
by Gothic names,
is
mean,
fays he,fuch
whofe form
Gothic,
and
may be
Here he
belabours, only
thofe of the
to
be fuppofcd he means
71
of the
much
fatisfied,
though
after
as little edified, as
any old
woman
is
Amen.
worded
We
more
among
readers of tafte
his principles,
even
with
all
And tho' we
bles of his
j
oca-
reader
is
folicited,
while an attempt
is
made
Mr. P.
that Celtic
names
might with
from the
as
great propriety
be quoted
the
ChiJiefe,
Japanefe,
aS*.
Tartarsy
America, Ara-
as
or even from the Greeks and Romans, from the Goths, &c. as we are a little
two
laft
menwe
fliall
F 4
72
(hall
venture to
make
the
trial,
by wg.y of
and
after
is
to be
hoped
that
more adapted
German
to the Celtic,
we
fliall
begin
74
)
Englijh,
Greek.
HfjiTop,
ni/Ao7j-5,
Gaelic.
Eachan^
Penelope
ElleUy
a Trojan hero^.
a
HfAfv,
rAaTca,
CalcUeay
them
thus
//.fj
KfKXsuTf
TnoYjCy
v.xi
BVxvytuiSsc
Ayccioi.
Ch:rtii'ibmi'Th-aeri!!cuoig?ia!!2incbos'fnbielfPya,i.e.M.''K.?y^s.
Greekns.
Ojcsavo?
@cc\cc(r(rx,
?iCua7i
Sallach^
or (boif-
lerous) ocean.
Was
I to
Homer might
fpecimen,
be
^neid
it
and
is
Iliad
but from
this hafty
referred to any
to
judicious reader,
nay,
even
rallel
Mr. P.
language, to compare
with
Gaelic
or
Englilh,
>
Engliili,
he certainly
caviy
rity,
after
And though
the
Romans
it
refided in Bri-
would be thought
made
to
con-
whole language from the other, becaufe a few vocables and fentiments are alike in fenfe and found.
Mr. P.
*
*
ilill
goes on in his
Celts.
'
even
to
our
own
time,,
*
*
That
this out-
rage
no
lefs futile
who
travels either
by land or
ifles
fea along
of Scotland, where
many
ftately
edi-
fices
have been
raifed
by the induftrious
the
ifles,
where
alfo
improvement.
('
76
improvement
and
taile.
is
And
their great
improvements
in
in agri-
culture are
known
faw
in the Ille
of Coll
weftern
farmers in
North
excel,
larnds,
Britain refide,
marks
elegant
much
ther.
tineil:
own
policy,
the
own
bates
niill.
in his tour,
alfo repro-
Mr. P. refpedting the great improvements made every where over the Well Highlands and Illands,
the foolifh afiertions of
the
m.oil:
and
common
can be raifed on
the
77
and
iflands
of North Britain
in any quantity.
Their
kail
and cabbage
which
grain
for
is
its
flavour,
of
its
prefented
raw
bles,
with
fruits,
wild berries,
with
fine
dulce,
flack,
way of
defert.
fmall
for
manure,
brings
on richer
foils.
manufurely
Mr. P.
not, he muft
mark out
and the
of abode
the kelp
;)
from
made
men.
And
78
And
defcription given
ral, if he
by Mr. P.
fo foully illibe-
fort,
are limited
to a very are
It is true
there
feme thieves of
countries;
dan-
of England
a purfe,
or take a
refide there.
That
at the
would fpurn
over
hills
and dales in
,the
highlands,
and
fide
deep
there,
in
the defarts,
or by the
after
and he would
way he awoke
find
calls plunderers
tell
where he
is;
nay,
there.
nor at
And
in
whole people
is
for
a. cruel piece
of
any author.
Whoever
reads
Lanne
there
79
ment
* *
to others,
fully defcribed.
Again Mr. P.
feizes the
collars
pherfons
by the
confidering
race,
themfelves of
the
their
old
highland
like
'
*
and
Pids
and
opening
mouths
leana-
up the
* ' *
*
but
to
is
put falfchood
hood.
nity,
for truth,
Dodior of Divili-
which he has done in his hiflory, he would have been fet in the pillory, and no wonder, thouo-h
he widies the defirudion of Innis's hiftory, to
*
*
make
Offia?22iTidfalfebood
triumph.
againll
Mr. P.
fcourge
Mr. Mac Nicol's rod of corredtion to him into good manners, as iie did
to confider
with him
of his danger.
Such
an
8o
as
an invidious charge
fymg
is
the
laft
thing
And
is
a ruffian
mode of impeachment.
fon
Dodor Macpher-
was incapable of ading fo bafely, tho' Mr. P. is void of candor, and good manners.
indelicacy of fuch language
is
The
obvious
a gentleman, fays
Mr. Mac
a
Nicol, would
own
fake
man
of prudence would
Mr. Macpherfon.
carelefs
He
feems to
have been
the
firft
have made
him overlook
nexed
to
in his affertions,
on
a fubje(fl
was unworthy of
man
who
accufed
And men,
manners.
8i
Hers,
tection of
exhibited this
weak and
P.'s great
cre-
Saxo Grammaticus,
vourite,
in
Mr.
fa-
mofl
or break
their
and the
to,
difficulty to
which
of a mifefays
unhappy fon-in-law.
Nothing,
he,
on him
generum amor,
inde
charitas in
ami^
ipja
cunty
quoque
*violare
mutuce
obligationis
religio,
quam
find a
nefariiim
real
erat.
Thus we
fample of
honour between
pity
to-
wards
82
wards
his daughter,
and love to
his fon-in-
truly nefarious
And mowould
known
truths
Mr. P.
in
marked/
*
The
duftrious,
indolent,
fawning
the
former
in
civilized people,
favages,
the race
be
lofl
by mixture.
In vain do
we dream
peoin
of building towns
in the highlands, if
they will be
'
Had
*
all
the
Celtic
83
Celtic cattle
we can do
is,
among
'
'
*
of the breed.
The
Celts are
mere
will
favages,
Mr. Macpherfon
have
it,
* *
*
Malcolm
3d
nor the
many prifoners
anno 1070J
it is
taken by him,
'
*
*
Scotland,
even though
England
truth,
but
authority,
and
common
fenfe
one would
*
*
'
*
Then he
goes on to
Ihew the
fuperiority of the
Gothic tongue,
five fentences
of
But nothing
is
him
him
(an excellent
quality
commonly
as
this
acquired at Billinfgate
tautology
fo a
conflantly ringing
is
our
man
afhamed
to nieriCe
him
no
like ufelefs
;
round of
tautological arguments
a circumftance
way
We
man
but
he ought to ftand
for fear
of a
fall
of incoherent words,
vince any
man own
mannerly
out of his
aflertions
unworpoured
But
two Macpherfons,
tlie
kind
reader
is
thor a
little,
85
carlleft period
of
life,
tion.
As
for
Mr. James,
works can
in his fa-
man
is
of
letters, will
he
But
as the
Dr.
to
whom
a worthy clergy-
man
and
teflifies
polite
much honour on his country, feeing the Dr. I fay, is now dead, and cannot retort on this enemy, the public may depend on
fieds
ftri<flly
true.
who
is
the 7th
have authority to
of
an
ifland v^ithin
one quarter of a
mile of Scotland, and not one of the 5 Ebuds, as Mr. P. gives out. It is 54
in length,
fertile,
extremely
finefl
marble
aboy^
86
fofnls, coals,
and
fuller's
earth,
as
remarked by John
ma-
and
may
There
ifle,
are
this
with many
of great
vaiTals,
ille
will
whom
Riif
it
belongs.
Such
as the leafeholders
UjiiJJ?,
of Elean Riabhocb,
Cor Chatchariy
Lieutenants.
There
And even
within
ifle,
*S/6d'r^-deputies,
and
keep up
is
order
and the
reil
of the
illand
The
many
converfable, and
men
of
fame extent
cities.
in
Great Britain
excluiive of
It therefore
affirms,
from
his
well
Mr.
Great
Macpherfon had
uncle
academy of Skye, and was taught by his ; who then had no fuperiors, and but
few equals
Britain.
in claffical
knowledge
in
North
And
verfes
that
extant,
It
fide,
in
together
v.ith
88
with his
deen,
vicinity to Invernefs
and Aberall
the
Synod had
libraries
of
his predeceffors,
his uncle's,
at hand.
his father's,
and his
own
coile<5lion
of books
Thefe
are only a
and yet
Mr. P. has repeatedly told his readers, that his library was fmall, and his chance of acquiring knowledge limited.
The
malicious
treatment given to
is
all
true,
gentleman,
who
perfectly ju ft.
They
fee
mation
89
at
the expencc
of his time,
and
this frank-
news
is
accompa-
to the ftrangers.
will
go on board every
veflel that
immedicomes
into an harbour.
veffels in their
And
if
will at times
go out
much of their
or mercantile line
fo it renders their
con-
and
am
certain that
it is
will
be guilty of an offence
Here,
however,
a ftretch,
the author
provoked
to
make
which otherwife
90
pofition
would
thought
fight
of.
of
much
of a low-
whom Mr.
P.
{o defignedly extols for their fuperiority, will fneak off the road to avoid a travelling
ftranger
fulnefs,
a park, or hedge,
their reach
he
paiTes
beyond
and
is
if
he wants information,
them.
that the writer
he muft follow
after
And
it
a certain fad,
in
Dunbartonlhire,
diredl
who
him
that
to the houfe of a
gentleman of
note,
had flood
that the
church,
and market.
It
is
true,
know-
9i
laft
mentioned, but
ftill
they
much lefs
their hofpitality;
and had not Mr. P. been too much confined within the
than imaginary
men.
in his youth,
Macpherfon received
tion one Campbell,
cofempoj'aryy
we men-
nion.
men came
by high
a prize.
recommended
Campbell,
friends,
intereft,
Among others,
recommend him.
his
92
ftanccs
',
and yet
how
will
is
Mr. P.
ftare,
when
told that
Campbell
reported to have
gained
the
gown?
Nem'ine Contradicente.
And
mind would
drud-
not be bound
down
to the conftant
gery of attendance.
He
him
therefore
imme-
whofe
m.erit placed
honour of (liewail
he required.
This fad
is
Nay,
this
fchool-fellow,
for
hours
And doubtlefs, h:.d the people adopted we would be tald by Mr. P. that it was
learned
men had
tiie
preferved
from
oblivion.
country of Doftor
thefe
Thefe
accomphlhmcnts of the
Gentlemen,
Mr, P.
in the
high^
93
j
highlands and
ifles
and
challenge any
to
It
man
is
of honour,
if
acquainted there,
granted there
may
defcription, to be
as elfewhere
;
met with
marked
out,
and
among
wcards
the Gentlemen.
alone decide this
But
let
not
my
matter.
We
fhall
and others,
im-
partial critics,
this head,
and their
Dr. John-
fon
P's. favages,
when
he
and bar-
barous grandeur.
Such a
of images
feat
of hofpitality as Raarfay,
fills
without
is
the
rough ocean,
within
is
Our
94
pedation
elegance,
we found
and plenty.
;
nothing but
civility,
The
carpet
was
was invited to
with greater
fairies trip
alacrity
predominated in
remote
from
all
ufed to
which
to fup,
ta-
at an
nefs
fix
to light.
When
it
was time
to
fat
down
two
bles, after
fongs.
More
gentlenefs of manners,
nor a more
is
In Raarfay,
if
fays he,
I
in all the
whom
had reafon
think either
life,
deficient in learning,
or irregular in
whom
could not
refpedts
my
increafed.
95
increafed,
terians.
that they
Prefl^y-
The converfatlon
ofFenlive,
Is
in-
and there
is
no difafFedion
at their
tables
We
ihall
now
of the highlanders.
He
tells us,
that
when
met with
not
that he faid,
know
how we
get away.
Here both make honourable mention of Mr. Murchifon, fador to Mac Leod at
Glenelg.
noticed
bottle of
When they
by
that
una
gentleman,
he fent
rum and
at
Mr. Bofwell,
provided for
the ferry-houfe,
they
put
up,
and
acquainted
where them in
he was that he
tlicy
them
till
had pafled
Such
96
Such extraordinary
gentleman
attention
from thk
moft
with
to entire flrangers
deferves the
moft
honourable
in the
commemoration;
difpofition
gentlemen
are of the
north-weft of Scotland
fame generous
this honourable
man
are
refpedling hofpitality
nay,
pafs
and
they
hurt
when
ftrangers
nity of difplaying
attention.
and
MackinMr. Mac-
of
Ulinifli,
and
at
faid
difcord at Raarfay,
doubted for a moment, whether unhappinefs had any place in that family.
Nor were
liigear
:
they
lefs
fatisfied
at
Ta-
Colonel
Mac Leod
;
being bred to
which
good books
^7
it
is
that there
were
fo
many books
in that
ifle,
in
and Colonel
Mac
Leod's lady
had
all
nent.
We
on
fliall
made
their learning.
Mr. Bofwell,
that the
man in Mac-
we were
;
James Fowlis
man, with
fible,
his
and rather (low of fpeech, but candid, fenand well informed, nay, learned. Dr,
faid,
a critical
man.
Sir, there
muft be great
vigour of mind, to
make him
it.
cultivate learn-
ing fo
much
in the iile
of Sky, where he
It is
might do without
wonderful
how
His'
publications he has.
flers
/ters
Snifort^-
from time
putation.
to timej fuch
books
as
had re-
his grandfather
copy of
it
that
poem,
as
now
publiihed
tgainfi:
the authenticity of
and main-
fuch was
his-
that he-
to pofTefs-
antiquity, a
At
Oftig,
own
lilh
books, Greek,
Engmart-'
of diftinguiOied talents
alfo at a
Latin paraphrafe of the Song of Mofcs written by him, and publifhsd 1747
in-
99
In a
faid
it
does
him
The Dr.
refided
another
when
for
alive
minifter of Barra,
years,
where he
fome
among
he Ian-
guiHied for
its
blefied mountains.
Hei
mihi',
Barbaras Hhulen
late
am
colentesi.
Car cere
After wiihing for wings to
dear country
ccbco.
fly
over to his
which was
in
his view,
from
and
the
what he
tern
ifle
calls Thiile, as
of Scotland, except
Kilda
-,
of fociety, and
100
laft,
with a
corda^
to the only
men; Jurfum
mind
to refignation.
Nummis
aulam.
And he
orthodox piety.
Vita
dum demum
licet
vocitanda vita
eji
Tunc
it is to
Monmouth, would
!
Ah
Pinkerton, Pinkerton
is
for
fhame
here
much more
The
101
their
civilities
to
Mr. Buchanan regrets much that Mr. P. was not of that party; in which
him.
cafe,
he believes,
we would have
heard no-
The
them by
who accompanied
arrived at his
The Dr. paid a vilit to the Rev. Hedor Mac Lean, of Coll and Tyree. This
much
dignity as the
Dean
he wa&
library, as tha
Dr.
writes.
The
lands,
juftly
and high-
tive to
what
is flill
narrow a
circle
of
converfe
102
minds difpofed
to elegance.
man
that
he
in
the weflern
ifles;
even
and
their converfation
enlarged by the
company of the
minifter in Slcye;
politenefs gave
learned
Mr. M'Queen,
knowledge and
the
whofe
a
title
him
'
Indeed,
fays the
Dr.
that
we met
with
omit,
at
So
much
of the natives
we
(hall
ferior clafs,
may
be de-
to
it.
Both
and
whom we
hired from
civil
being
ready--
103
ready-handed.
Civility,'
fayshe/feems part
-,
of the national charader every chieftain is a monarch; and politenefs, the natural
produd of
from the
royal
government,
is
difFufed
laird to the
I a
whole chn.
I
Were
chief,
would
drefs
my
fer-
knock
a fel-
low down, if he looked faucy to a Mac Donald in rags but I would not treat men I would let them know why all as brutes.
;
my clan were to have attention paid to them; I would tell my upper fervants why, and
make them
would
nity;
tell it
to others.'
ad: like a
and
it
is
much
injured by him.
The
above,
it is
hoped,
is fufficient
to convince
him of
it,
his
formance
v/ill
worth.
We
now
who would
H4
by
104
by
his abufe
known
to be,
and that
Mr.
' ' * *
ftill
do,
the cli-
mate has rendered their organs rigid and contracted ; and cold makes them keep
their
mouths fhut
is
as
much
as poffible.'
This
Piks i
flrange
if true,
glodytes mentioned
is
fufficient to
con-
PECHS
had
On
tells us,
delivered by Gcilcacus,
their
from keeping
Excipere ora~
ct
mouths
iliut,
mighty
fliiout
of applaufe
et
tioncm alacrasy
frcwitu clamorihiifqne
Here
the
fierce.
105
fear
of cold
among
Be-
fides,
PECHS
appeared
from from
and induftry,
as
their
workmanfhip.
of Scandinavia
tion of the
of their time
In every point of
in his
attempt to
make
Mr.
name
Pik.
But
la-
we
PECHS
name from
Roman
was pe-
many other nations under different names. Nor did they derive their Agnomen
culiar to
from the
Pichtidh of
j
Dr.
Macpher-
fon, or plunderers,
who,
according to
io6
feffion,
with
fafety.
The
all
nanie
was
ironically given
them by
unworthy of
of the
fruits
gentlemen
and
PECHS
own
In
common
PECHS
name
this
(not FiS}s)
Scotland,
the very
in Gaelic given to
working people to
no
day.
?
CaiJ
'rnibhel
PEICH,
or
PEICHIN
workers
?
Where
Garlm no
PEICH
way
5
this
nfaobh fio.
is
the lanall
name
PECH
is
always
known
is
to fignify workers,
well
As when
107
in
little
moans his own cafe by faying, chd nurni fa pheigh mi ni sfaid I am incapable to labour any longer. Ha m-peigh ar mo chuir a
dhi'
the
fa pheigh
to
work has killed me. Co heafas as mo leidh Who will ftand out
work
for
me
The
is
'
firfl
the
Pi^
called
Pechd
or
it
thofe
nominated
day in
it
Peichs,
And
to this
make
ufe of
in a ilate
of nain
the
fame
And
with
this rude
is
implement
carried
on
With Pechd,
fmall
and
lighter
kind
of
in-
up
and tanning
of
the
io
the ground
raile their
dung, and
their panniers
and
creels
implement
ware
is
raifed,
and
they
hand
carry
it
into
their panniers,
which they
;
from the
natives
and
in fme,
with
it
querJi Jlonesy
which
it
is
the old
Pecks
when in may be
their
implements of firming by
their Scotch
neighbours,
who had
to plant
not
their
in
thefe early
times begun
ground with
of
life.
This
is
rational origin
a cifcumftance
common
to
^09
named, from
Pechd.
were
to Bri-
Some
tain
originally
from Denmark,
in
them
and
in fine,
much
*
the
fame
For,'
(^.y-'i
Abercromhie,
'and he
what
no author
re-
is
firmly believes,
the
Scots and
Irifh
alfo
were
alfo Britons,
themlower
nor thofe
that
inhabit the
parts
enough
Scotch.)
recited nor current
(
Ills
"
it
390.
And he
takes
for
granted that
by
factions
and
tribes,
and
interefts.
the fame
were
fo nearly allied to
one ano-
neighbourhood, had,
Roand
ftridt
whofe time
or retinue of
doirjeftics,
Thelargus, had
ftollen
from a
From
Buchanan, a
bloody national
them.
But by the
but
it
broke
again
111
again in the year 348, and thus both nations continued quarrelling until the grand
Monarchy was
ciffed;ed
about the
after
Fergus the
413
after
the
firft
entrance of Ju-
lius Csefar
of South Britain by
James Lauderdale remarks, that the Scots alfo were underflood by the name
Sir
Piclsy
whom
anno 875, in Cumberland, efpeciaily when he aiferts, that Edward the Firft, fon to
king Alfred, had the kings of the Cem.brians,
to
Scots,
the
Streg-welfli
fubjecls
(o
him
as their
fuperior
Lord;
that
were
Sir
in
Scots.
James
every
nerve to
it
certain
from other
fenfe,
hiftorians, as well
as
eommon
not Scots,
and
the
who
"2
and
if
have
of his favours;
PiBs who
over them.
And whatever
fell to
PiBs
had
in
Cumberland
deed of king Edmund's to Malcolm in 945 ; being only a confirmation rather than a new
grant, efpecially feeing Ingulphus, in his
account of the battle of Brunford in 938, among thofe who fought with Conftantine
which was
land, and of
a very
common name
in Scoti
known
to us.
It is
almoft
that
Scots
connedted.
againft
Thefe unconquered
whom
whom
he reckoned
the
113
Maxim us
the
tyrant,
when
asfoon as the
Scots and
Romans
v/ere
left it^
So that the
Pids
no otherwife T^rans-
Britons,
Bede
calls
people.
calls
Nennius
alfo,
fpeaking of them;
Scots jointly;
quia
FiSii ab aquilone^
et Scotit
ab occidente una-
The
Britons
natu-
ral connedlion,
and
the
I
land
fo
that that
Bede was
the right in
writing,
all
inhabitants of Britain
were
114
is,
were
try
'j
indigenes, that
fprungup
in
thecoun^
lately arrived,
feme vain
fanciful hiftoalTert-'
good authority,
ed
infulce
partem pro
Jiinty
ad murum
ufqiie capef-
whether
as far as
or
from
Hadrian,
as juftly obferved
James
them within
fouth^
the
ifle
which
Camden
Peichs, but alfo their affinity with the Scots i and Sir James Lauderdale
iikewife
writes,
pofTefTcd
from Galloway
Shetland
the Pifs
tion
to Lothian,
were
Northumberland,
the
115
the
Picfts
went
and inhabi-
(leaving
Scots) as being
more
fit
for labour,
having
left
Abbernethy.
They
the
and
for pafture.
Thus
we
applied in Gaelic
to live
faid
by pafturage of
to
alfo
de-
rived the
nick-name
As
the
Pidts
evidently points
and the Scots, the younger people, and defcended from them.
Sir
Robert Sibbald,
who
beginning of
this century,
muft
although
equally
ii6
make
draws
in
aflift
him
The
that the
was
efpecially
of which Argachocoxus
for
but
we
iind that
Buchanan only
qua gentes
gionibtis,
&c.
It
is
admitted, that in a
more cxtenfiye
included
but
which proves
too
much.
On
the
Alfo
117
is
not more
many other
neither
does
that
it
',
Is,
red, in argtintocoxus^
becaufe the
J
Vi5is
lic,
for
which
fully expreffes
the
thus Sir
Rob ^rt
-,
Sibbald
but he
oppofed by
Sir
Will.
Temple
he brings even the Scots from Scythia, which Sir Robert denies, in as much as moft of the ancient and modern hiftorians agree,
that the Scots
came from
is
from
Scythia, and
WilL
Temple,
Pi(fts
J
for the
but
and he
land,
as well as Ireland,
Scots
118
who
polTefled
the weft
at
iide,
were
and
whatever period
was,
it is
agreed that
and mingled
with the
They
Britain,
Roman
colonies
various
much
Romans, if the greater number had not been drawn over to Ireland by fo great a
drain,
which they
William
and
totally
conquered, and
long poffelTed,
Sir
differs quite
who join in
Mr.
From
all
is
of which
it
appears, that
Pinkerton
1^9
them
in their miftake.
When
produced, every
man
is left
at hberty to
form
by them,
whether agreeable
ginally give
to the fubjedt
birth, or not
which ori;
them
thus the
like
Pecbs
what
thefe Piks
meant
it
language, or anfwering
why
was
am
may be
as
being
only a conjedlure
but
what
have
faid
be-
eftablifhes a pofitive
on the expreffion,
marks out
in forci-
ble
J4
t20
which gave
as
rife
tQ
the
agnomen,
is
particularly
the
Celtic
tongue
unalterable,
the Romans,
are as well
known now,
;
as
and
it is
weakargument which
Goths
Sir
Anglo-Saxon Scoticifms
the fouth of the
met with
coaft,
Humber.
For the ward Fife itfelf is Gaelic, and is not Veach and moil
-,
names of ancient
places over
all
Fife
is
well
known
fore
his
there; and in
all
Britain be-
ODIN,
Goths came
pretty well
known,
of.
were heard
Procopius
who
writes
of a conference between
Bell/ariiis
and fome
fent
who were
this
121
little
(how of
tant
The Goths
njobis
Siciliam
am
'
tamque dhitem
permittimus,
infidam^
fojfe/jio,
Affrica tuta
Nos
inqiiit,
hand
paiilo
majorem
et
Romani
antiquitas
Now,
fays Sir
Robert
in Britain
which
were not
the PiSfs
to
ferve his
purpofe,
makes
for,
Goths
be
largimur
Gothis
may
is
rationally
Siciliatn per^
to fay,
we Goths
make
in their
name
whom
in pofleffion,
but might
;
come
after the
agreement was
only
it
ratified
be-
mean
a part, not
would be abfurd
over
122
iflc
of
ney, or
Long
either
ifle
of
and which
them
for
much
people.
Hence we may
is
Robert
much
lefs
And
which
For
Tacitus,
who
is
be depended upon by
moderns,
above,
when
123
tells,
foui*
years
tion
For Agricola,
battle
in his
was the
eightli year
commilliones,
&c.
iighi:
oi his expedition;
ill
his
cum
z?iterim,
&c.
This
cautioufly
all
try
as
above remarked, to try the creeks and havens of that extenfive country, on the fixth
year of his lieutenancy, where the amplas
(hitates were (arifmg fecretly from the antiquity of its inhabitants,
124
to enlarge
them)
when he
they
were
in his
:
the Aborigines,
Bibliothecay is
Diodorus Siculus,
of the fame opinion
and
Eumeneus
ploits
of Caefar.
Pids
were
in thefe words
li
Brita7iniy
PiBis modoy
Hibeniis ajjueta
hofiibus
When
Be da
came from
Scythia,
and
bald
this affirmed
Robert Sib
we are
to
term,
left
the
PECHS
;
ihould be ol-
but
we muft
allow
Beda
to
mean
feeing,
according to Pliny,
aqiiilone is
cap. 13,
lib.
ab extrimo
cap.
1
mentioned, and
2.
<
J25
Germans, were
is
cal-
and
it
thefe
originally
in
one
among
the
leave
more he perplexes
others uncertain
fo
muft
who
on
to
rely
;
upon
it
among
many
diverlified opinions
is
therefore
more fafe
to rely
common
{enfc,
who
all
cir-
language to
lie
illuftrate
what
arc
buried in obli-
vion
before
which we
truth concerning
be agreed upon
among
hiftorians,
nor the
comq
them
for
we have already
feen
what Bed^
tory
126
came from
Scythiai
to Ireland
Stillingfleet, in his
of
Britain
*',
pretends to bring
Scandinavia
;
the Caledonians
from
and
Camden
Mr. P,
In
the
Pih
of
Norway
(inftead of the
PECHS)
the midfl of fuch. jarring diverfity of opinions, and each partyjudging themfelves in
all
mote from
is it
certainty,
fafefl
whether
in this cafe
not the
mode
(as above)
to rely
pra(5lice
and
of a people,
PECHS of Caledonia
for thefe
as
were not named PiBs, but PECHS, they ftill are from their implements of
bour, the above
rather than
la^
Pech DAD
in particular
all
an imagina-
no v/here
* Page 446.
degree
1^7
degree of probability,
that can afford a
fitive
much
lefs
of certainty
fatisfadion to an inqui-
mind
as
the
Geloni,
the
Scythiy yet
If
in the
which formely
parate people
fubfifted
the
PiCTs) with the ancient Caledonians. Nay, among the vulgar, common tradition
confirms this
;
though
invifible
by day
little
reward of a
food
left for
them
in
fome
fecret
128
fecret place,
even
though none of
times.
their labour
In
latter
Brownies,
men
to feed
in their
houfes
in the
who
concealed themall
and woods
day,
and
broke
in
upon
on their means,
the
and
name of
a ter-
Gruagach
ftiil
dangerous defarts,
Mr,
159
Mr. Martin
calls thefe
Browniesy fturdy
fiiries, who, if they were fed and kindly treated, would do a great deal of work; * but now,' fays Johnfon, * they pay them no wages,
Along with
lic,
thefe different
names they
were, in after ages, called Gr/zV^, in GaeCriiinmach, affemblies, from their meet-
ing together at
ther for war,
ei-
em-
ployment
flill
given to the
PEIGHS,
according to
the countries they relided in, and the neeeffitous circumftances they
were forced
to
affume
if
they
became
ufeful
The PEICHS,
are
ftill
in
North
Britain,
j
as
them
to
have been
cut off
by
who
fiibdued thefe
and
their
king;
dom
dominion
but the
PEICHS
long
130
may be feen from what they fpake at the battle of Standard, from the following account: About the
long after this period, as
year
1
he melted
into tears,
when
pleading with
the king, to
ly circumftances of hisfubjedls,
put a
period to
it,
himfelf was
was fought,
in cafe
he was worfted by
Thofe who
circumftance
if true,
the
Pi(5ts
were deftroyed be
hy Kenneth
Mac
Alpin,
very improbable,
and would,
were
fo
years after
kingdom)
on the right-
hand
131
it
was obhged
they
loft
to grant
demands, yet
much
own
enemy
too
rafhly.
remarkable,
fays
Dalrymple,
men
.
of Galloway, PiBi,
in
Scotiy
belli
Galcrant
wenfis,
Loenenjis *,
fronte
PiSli -f*
mi Jit us
re?it
a rege
Scoto?'u??i
i?2vito p?'cripue-
J.
Thus we
find that
David king of
my
who
flill
remained
T.
t P^gc 322.
j Huntington, page 288.
the
132
by Kenneth
83^.
^
*
Mac
Mr. P. maintains
bited
*
*
He
mufl
ipfe dixit
common
men-
and leller
circles
of large erect-
ed mafly ftone temples of the Druids; and even the prefent Chriflian churches in the
highlands are
ilone
named
buildings
;
called
Druidical places
is
of worfhip
comto the
(J,
e
monly
flones,
exprefled
Gaelic,
are
Chlachan,
literally,
you going
church).
Had Mr.
certainly
monuments, he
Tacitus
mentions
'33
)
ifle
tions the
is
Druids of the
of Mann, and
It
certain the
fame
religion
extended over
all
the other
Hebrides, of which
Mona
Tacitus reprefents
the part of furies in
:
women,
as
addling
in
mo~
dumfuriarum
diras
'vejliferali crinibus
dejeBisfa-
circum preces
;
ad
he would have
left
But
tain,
it is
a great misfortune to
North Briall
ces
the au-
thors
who
down
mif-
were ftrangers to
much on
-,
Irlfli,
as well as
Eng-
account
lay.
134
Uy
',
biit for
is
gence
owing
try,
to their
ignorance
of
the coun-
and of courfe
This was
who
neither vifited,
nor lived
in Britain,
Italy,
He is
tiiig
age
who
never
travelled
north of
London
formation.
And what
ignorant,
many
of them more
proper information
fuch as
noble monu-
ment
135
ment of their
for the
antient antiquity,
honour of Britain,
as
ought to have
But
for
any
we may
received, and
impoffible to be over-
thrown by
gument.
* *
*
rational principles,
*
The
Celts', fays
as
Mr. P.
from
all
ancient accounts,
well as prefent
This
railing
man
^
malevolent charge
tion,
and
fo
contradidory
general
known charader
whatever department they have been employed, whether religious, civil, or military,
The
136
The
have
Celts
on
all
difplayed
uncommon
or
abilities,
and
at the bar,
on military expeditions,
is
in
Chatham under-
government,
it
became
former
impoliticly
bound up thofe
remarked by Caflelnau,
the Frenchman,
who,
in the
Scotland, had
much
opportunity to pene-
and
diipofition
of
thefe people,
He
fliewed
as the
They
continues he,
a fierce, headto
flrong,
be
reduced
137
which the
fituation
of
thcix:
coun-
befides,
by
this
Upon
hint tage
5
Mr.
Pitt
improved
v/ith great
advan-
his v^rifdom,
and fuperior
Ikill, in his
appli-
them
:
by proper and
it is
confiftent incitements
for,
well
known, that
that great
well,
man, who
inftead of
with high
ed out the
offers
way
both in church
and
rit
entitled
them,
after they
had placed
Accordingly,
ftep
this
and on
trial
vi, p. 68.
Jickly
138
boldnefs
I fought
found it/
So true was
wifely placed no
confidence in
in
their
their faithfulnefs,
than
fecurity
,
unfhaken firmnefs
and
courage,
when
plains of
when
lafi:.
led
on
the attack of
Quebec,
in the
before the
letter to a friend,
in praife
of the highlanders,
*
words to
this
purpofe
How
My God
thefe un-
before
fly
them
to be
Methinks
I fee
the French
by
It is
who
are the
bulwark of
the
139
and country/
This inftance
for a particular
ftarts to
is
one
my
November
are
laft,
and told
We
happy
in recording
53d regiment,
-,
in the
Nieuport
preiTed forward,
left
arm
he
faid
in his thigh
he received another in
retire,
yet
ftill
he refufed to
faying,
he
would never
long as he
comrades as
In a
ball,
he received a fourth
his head.'
The name
a
brave
Scotch highlander.
this inflance will
lefs his
un-
face
is
agamft fhame.
Here
HO
Here
lefs
Is
true bravery,
and
common
to
moft
of the highlanders,
who
value themfelves
well
known
to
keep fight
of,
in the
hour
of caufe,
5cc.
Much
older than
we
own number,
being
pleafed to
came fo difheartened, that a hundred of them would Hy from three Scotch foldiers.
But
this
in defiance
to fafts
and experience,
under pay) has
the hardy
common adverfary
his
(as if
worked
whole wrath
againfi;
without any
and
all
over with
own malevoby
141
by no means
is
and no rea-
* *
ufed to fon to believe that the Celts ever illuftrious dead. raife hillocks over their heaps of plain Cromleachd, or little
The
ftones,
to their la-
vage indolence.'
The
hills,
e.
Dunlpacis) or mute
were fure enough raifed before the Romans entered among them. And it is ^clear, from the fpeech(^Galthefe days, gacus, that their manners, in refined than that of the Rowere no lefs
mans,
who were rude enough to barbarians in common with all to tions, who would not fubmit
call
them
Therefore, unlefs Mr. P. rannical people. and the condefcends on the time when,
place where,
the people
whom
he
calls fi-
vages were
are not fo),
we muil
tell
(142
abhorrence at fuch
men who
are capable of
fo
much
in-
famy
are therefore
unworthy of
notice.
But, as ufuaj,
norance
calls
Cromlcac,
indeed always
over a
an
altar,
as the
name
declares.
There
as certain
are to be
larly at
a ftone
named
under the
by other ftones
bottom
but
to
make
it
firm.
And Mr.
chean fo
P.
is
aflced,
Nadsy
nody
He
his
head
143
earth.
The
met
equivalent to a man's
this
is
going to a burial
and
indeed the
common manner of
cafions over
all
But
reading
Crow
it
or flags
when
fpelt
ers miftake
bowed
flag,
"o
whereas in
Englifli
Gaelic the
that letter
is
mh
founds as
in
wanting
;
in Gaelic, '.^.
fCromb*
leachj Crovleachd
idea that
and
Crom-
were large
altars, or
cow
on which cows and oxen were facrificed ; by them lies a great flcne by way
of pedeflal for fome divinity, perhaps for
Jupiter, (or idol Cro??t chruacb.')
There
rl{h, in
is
a Cromleachd in
ftill
Pembrokefliire,
;
and by
a piece
feet long,
Mufeum.
The
144
}
is
The
is
fituatlon
which
is
generally choferi
judicious,
and nothing
more exadl than the plains of fome of them ; which fhew that thofe who ered:ed them were very foHcitous to place them as
confpicuous as poffible.
ftone,
Sometime
ftand
this flat
and
its
fupporters,
upon the
placed on
plain natural
foil
and
common
made
;
level of the
ground
and
at other times, it is
either of ftone
middle of a
circle
and when
it
has
the
efpecially if there
is
a ftone
ereded
may
There
and from
many
of them in Cornwall
feem to be Druid-
monuments;
order of Druids
fields
of old ftanding.
The
\
led
magh Jleachdy
of worfliip
their authorities
from
their
being
145
being worihipping in the plains (of magB Jleaphd) the very day that the Tigher?imas,
firft
author of idolatry,
when they
were
facrificing to
Cromh Cruach,
to
No na-
tion can
come up
the
Irifli
in point of
exaa
difcredited in
many
particulars,
and
juftly.
Irifh intelligence
ftate.
idol
of
Ireland,
2 obeliiks
on a
It
is
hill in Brigtin, in
faid to
filver,
(a fingular account
this,)
paffing
quere,
i.
whether
not the
Cromh Cruaich,
the
e.
name given to this grand idol, the fame with the creator of heaven and earth, alfo
meant under
the Druids
this
firft
?
Borlaife,
H^
Borlaife,
however,
maintains
altars,
that
the
and
adduces-.
feveral reafons to prove them tobefepulchral monuments, becaufe fome of them are ij
feet high, others not large, nor flat
enough
for facrificing
the body,
on the
top.
Befides, the
he,
is
often
But
cow
altars,
fpccially, as
obferved above
pillars
thofe ftones.
ereded on high
been made covers
heroes, as at prcfent
we
fee
many fuchin
church-
147
church-yards which
led Crov
certainly
were not
cal;,
kaMsy
or
cow
altars originally
CruS
flones,
leachds,
image
ftones,
viz.
grave-
with images of
armed men
fignifies
en-
an
image or figure
feen at Weftminifter,
mod
ancient
where fuch are not to be feen in great plenty, moft of which are raifed high, either upon pillars, or other buildings for the purpofe of prefervingthem from finking in earth,
or from being broken by accidents
ferve the
;
to pre-
memory
and to perpetuate
from generation
fuch
or were raifed.
obferve no wife
man
One
a
lofs
truely feels
for
Mr. P. and
an
at
whether to
pronounce him
148
cx-
the fe-
Liewes,
though
it is
fince
much
hurt by a neighbour-
ing Goth,
it
who
is
to
make
he
lintels
houfes
building.
And
it
is
to be
SSm
put a
his
honour of
country.
Dr. Macperfon
fo
fays,
and fo fre-
unworthy of the
in
curious
priefts
',
employed by our
the
lemn
ces,
offices
of their fuperftition.
the
temples to be touched,
left
^49
)
;
however there
and
The
ples
-y
as
tion,
Now
as all thefe
things
that ered:ed
them it is no wonder that many of them have furvived the fate of their
-,
fuperftition
many ofthefe
which reafon
in the
monuments were
doubtlefs applied
for
and towns.
However,
rocky
hilly
150
hilly countries,
and
ifles
of Britain,
many of
them
are
ftill
remaining.
The
very
to fuppofe,
and
their principal
and great
men had
where the
afhes
were coUedled,
either near
their
as thefe are to
ac-
Mac
fea^
joining to
them
and
their
keeping urns
reli(fts
of
more
ilriking, nor
15^
keeping arms,
teeth,
and other
relidls
in
refpedt,
and
well
as
is
known
to
Europe
-,
is
even yet.
But the
tin's,
Dr.'s,
authority in
and
his
unbounded
curiofity,
be carefully
thenticity.
Who
dows
with a large
ftone lying
on
their bellies,
pumping
up
encomiums,
embellifhed by Mr. P. ;
and
common
people in thefe
fatires
illes
will
make
encomiums and
152
ridiculous
and
diftreffing attitude,
in
which
he
is
could be exerted.
We cannot believe
in the chapel
feet long,
that
nor
from
much
lefs
of
of the
lieved
St.
feals
:
to
have
loll
two days
at every
change of the
moon
would venture
to take
153
made
by
kiffes
artificial)
it,
cave of
two wells
in
might defend
it
which
It
hill,
is
is
truely natural,
is fa(ft,
called Uliy-bheal in
Harris 3 nay,
two ravens
thefe
birds,
ifles
at
Valay, and
other two in
Berneray, and as
clear of
many
in
in
Troda
to
keep
poirelTed
own
Read,
Lanne
it
B.'s
Travels
in the Ebudas,
all thefe
and there
will
appear that
thefe birds 5
154
inhabitants,
who wanted
their
to latiate this
uncommonly
tions,
mantick farces of
own
fertile
imagina-
which the unwary Dr. believed for truths, and vended them to others for fads
and Mr. P.
thority
lays hold
it
when
cule, or
feXv
wants
but
P's
his
of them,
faid,
fo that
his
be re-
is
no danger
from them
iiy,
*
for as folly
fo alfo
of detection.
Scots antiquiils are enemies to
Our poor
Mr. P.
it is
their trade to
and com-
'
mon
itw^Q
on
'
blundered
(
* *
^ss
Mr. P.
er
is
railing, generally
;
and with
this
we
leave his
until
Gothic Piks to
fomething like
his
own management,
is
reafon
advanced by him
fhall follow
gument, and
a place well
him
to the Ebudae,
known
to the author,
though
not to
*
Mr. P.
*
*
Anno 240, Solinus wrote that the 5 Ebudx ifles are feparated by narrow channels, (this is an undoubted fad) but when he mentions Rum, S^ye, and Tyn'e among
thefe,'
are 70, or
nearefl
"lyrie,
and Skye
this
fpecimen
may
point
out
to be in truft-
when even
The
156
There
arc
each day;
CLila,
as Valay,
North
Uift,
Benbe-
on dry land.
that
Three
vellel
large fheets of
and
over
any
might
fail
becomes
paffengers.
*
P.
*
cular
contained
in
}
'
w ell
as their
names
in
popular mouths,
true,
but
where
peats
157
The
Druids,
mod
other autlie
to vvorfhip in, as
Canaanites did.
^
'
The
of
Druids,'
all
lays
he,
it
though the
ftridlefl
feds, carried
intoexcefs, performing
their facred
rites,
No
generally
received
opinion
is
more
falfely
The
;
very reverfe
all
is
appa-
rently
Britain,
and Scot-
land in particular
the
plainefl:
open
flat
fields,
where wood
foil
;
could not
grow
for
want of
and
in
Druit,
temple, and
all
others around
are
them
ilill
vifible,
cattle
from
on
the
hallowed
to be
ground; and
this
behoved
don^
158
The
^ru
Divinity, and
known
flill
;
by that name
in
is
commonly
fmful fervant or
By
thus
un-
Greeks and
Romans, mofl hiftorians have been ijiifled ; which 'would not have been the cafe had
they relied on the inhabitants in their difficulties
and on
many
other occafions.
is
But Strabo
not a word of
Greek extra <5tion; the Greeks being thought too modern in comparifon to the Druids,
of their wife
men and
philofophers
who
pied
were
really
159
pied
them
in
many
particulars;
while the
to be as old as the
milong
the Eafl
Borlaife,
they would
borrow
their
name from
iiiftor, in
much
furpailed in antiquity.
Alexander Polymaintair.s,
Clemens Alexandrinus,
Dn<coun-
and Brachmans
;
in their refpeftive
tries
and
we
induced
to
traverfe
in
almoft
all
the
then
known world
them,
order to convcrfe
with
of wifdom,
time a
WRITINGS.
This man
JVeJiy
travelled to Jfia,
it is
and
thought that
meternpfichofis, or
remarked by Frlek,
p. 38.
know of authors
i6o
thors
who
Druids bor-
rowed
rate,
this tenet
from Tythagoras,
At any
the intimacy
had
well
known.
refpedling
Drus,
many
nifh,
litive
Callar-
over thofe
in in
ifles,
their
enquiries.
Temples are
foil,
built
places
there
young
fprigs
and roots
cf
trees
and Mr. B
of
plains,
removed
fenfe,
is
common
little reflection
on
to evil doers,
well as protec-
fo they required
no places of concealment
for
themfelves,
i6i
of the
natives, over
whom
muft
that if
wc
take only a
pcrfliticm,
ftipcrficial
other countries,
we
fhall
the in^
;
facrifices
was common
to
them^
other
human
victims, as did
many
enraged Divinity
*,
to
whom
nothing was
thought more
grateful.
One of the
reafons
why
the Druids
were was
on account of the
mijletoe
which grew on
were not
fingular.
Even
in this they
i62
lingular,
for
in his grove,
without the
to
him.
Yet
groves,
likely they
might have
facrificed
in their
when
much
lefs
.fire-wood;
in their
much
more open
In
fields,
where
their regular
tem-
when
the Greeks
became
for
camp of the
ra<5lers.
From
this
the Druids
Nay,
the
163
tlie Irifh
which every
to the
number of
tree of the
twenty-fix, was
called after
fome
for
wood.
So
much
Druidifm.
It is
may
;
be the
Ting of Shetbut
it is
land,
de-
for I alfo
converfed
fpot
with Mr.
all
and agreeable
more
to
Copenhagen
him.
.
my
whatever appears
rational,
granted,
propriety enough, have been frequently ufed on folemn occafions by their kings and fu^
preme judges,
weighty matters
relative to the
government ^
of
i64
gious
worfhipv
This being
pradicc
cient rimes,
or
And
time.
*
It
may
to
ob-
ferve,
that
the
places
of parliament's
and the
feal
adis
pafled,
append-
ed to them, but
prelates
upon the
evangelifts*
arad
ads ;
the
Now,
ments
nients extended
much
thirteenth
ty in
century, there
no impropriethe ex-
ample
to their defcendants,
alfo
inferior
courts
and
at
the fame
when
from
their priefts.
alfo other
And
have
places
holding courts,
befide
their
now
ufed, ex-
fo alfo
their
;
in
Lagh^dun,
i.
e.
law-hill,
near Perth, to
on both
fides
and the
pf
i66
of thefe
artificial hills,
or
Duns, which
who
accordingly.
Nor could Mr. Thorpclin, when there, make more pf thefe circles than other people,
of the country,'
ndniely,
to
allow them
to
be named Team5
ptc'nan
dicl
Drz^/}','
nor
Mf.
guage, except'
tioned,
mofi: illiterate
Norwegian
his'
and
my
affertin^
ought
tlie
coun-
language.
The
at the
Mr. Bofwel)
while con-
was
at
con-
('
ifey',)'
with
fceneis
'
much
fatisfaction
that
the Tolemn
and
fgllies
may
and may
when
it is
paft; fo in the
fame
with reverence
mat;,
command
the re-
of the natives
hills in
for
them ; and
there are
tnany
cles;, 'jfs
lafify
ties.
"
^
*
.
Mr.
PinXertph maintains
faints
'
that there
Pidts,
were no
among
the
but
Welch
or Irifh church-men,
before the
yvB.s
'
'/
' '
noL'
"T
J:!'
"
'
thing that
valuable,
but
Hims^elf
a very
i6?
^ very
honourable acquifitjon,
fure
c-s
nough
Wc muft however,
St.
put him
in
mind
th^t
of Whitburn
known
manan,
Fillan.
all
cing to P.
St.
Both thefe
were in Perthshire
-,
of them, and
Machua,
bifliop
of Kilmahog,
^fter
him
the
human body of
But they
are not to be
compared
to the
St.
hath
bluffing
pf curing lu-
703 ^
Dempftcr,
and abbot^
bifhop of Fife,
and had ^
ftrong
(169)
ftrong caftle
in Lochlevin,
and abbot of
even fmatterers in
is
wafhed
bound, at night
if
the patient
it
;
is
found
unbound
jgood
tied,
in the
morning,
is
reckoned a
if
but
not un-
pronounced incurable,/
of this Saint was a precious re-
The arm
lid, preferved
by the
l?:ing
up in a filver box, and was by holy Mauritius, abbot of Inchpeffray, at the battle of Bannochburn, and
it
%o
the vi(3:ory
is
a{cribed, as appears
from
Boethius.
1/0
6*/.
recordationis
et
apud
itojf rates
f6r^bat' in Fifa
'
kcmpiujn
ai^ Wiurnt/jimk
"'^^
';J''
By-i(//iUS;
VdWpl'c'cfkis pcrniilld
fe'verdverity
re^ e't'mmles
And one
ry Avord,
cil
Lanne
tlie
-
as* a
famous
reliA
both
in
proof of
antiquity of that
ancieiit'
family ofLanrie,
'Sairi't
;
be aming'
bld'lhhabitants
rnigh^'have once
this
fword was
ufe^
J3y this
'
Heel:. Botr.
Thomas
Demi^ftcr,
1627.
been
171
with
day,
this
when three hundred thoufand are known to have been totally routed and
;
alfo
might be
prefented'
tcrrorem ?
To
fall
fall
teeth
is
difagreeable, but to
tooth as
complete.
to de-
ny his being a
ly experienced
fo, if
Pidtlfli
too
force
by thofe who apply to hirii / much provoked by an adverfary the of his wrath may prove no lefs terriby fuch
as are offeniive to at
ble, if felt
him.
Strathfillan in
are alfo
;
much
as
it
pered cattle
and fuch
on the fpot
generally
home
large
pieces of leaven,
;
which
malady feizes on
made to drink
them
v^
So much
for
mentioned,
if necellary.
Now,
fore,
as
is
Mr.
P. did not
;
know
this
be-
he
forgiven
only let
More
if thefe
can be mentioned,
who were born among thefe people, which were neither Welch nor Irifh, as that expreffion is at
tence of Caledonian Saints
prefent underftood,
tho'
no
real
highlander
to belong
Mr. P.
Enghlh was a
is
no reafon
barbarous
'
*
to parchment, in a
rude, and
*
*
have recourfe
fame
dull
round
of
^73
of argument to beat hhn out of his hold. However difagreeable this mode muft be to
the
reader,
let
us
what
der,'
that
of
MSS.
;
occafioned,
fecondly,
firfl,
by cafual acciplundered of
dents
by
being
them, or deftroyed on purpofe by a powerand thirdly, ful enemy, Edward the firft
;
by the
Knox, and the violent reformers, who burnt all the noble edifices, and papers contained in them this is accounting
zeal of
:
for the
in Scot-
land, though
exifted there,
and
KENNETH
when
they
MAC
ALPIN,
and
his Scots,
dom, which for the obftinate and long refiftance made by the inhabitants againft that
aggrellbr, was* not only burnt
to
all
other valuble
174
it
inhabitants,
we can
This
with
confront
him with
authority in fup-
port of the
afi^^rtion.
total deftrucfiion
of Camelodunum^
all its
ly Boethius, but
many of his
followers, par-
ticularly
John
Lefsly,
bifliop
of Rofs, into
PiBs were deflroyed by Kenneth Mac Alpine becaufe, fays he, againfl: the law obfer-
ved by
all
nations,
;
dors fent
them
(reilec^ting
no doubt on the
Engliili court,
in the
Tower of London
tho'
by
fcapedwith his
be,
to.
*
life 5)
Kenneth
as
who
fent
the Pids to
demand
kingdom of their
land.
^75
land,
which by
jufljAjecetTion pertained to
extermi-
thing
wifdoiTl
able',
pf Jthat king;
even
if
thQ qafe,
and great
numbers of the
fafr,
Pidls
as
Gouch remarks,
that the
foil
could
which
and
Roman
provinces
and
Stiiiing-
fieet irrxagines
willing to
make room
up
the whole
when
the
Romans
lofs
could no longer
retreat
with the
of iifty-two thou-
Yet Mr.
Innis, wlio
is
otherwife favoura-
name
in t]:e
and that
he however makes an
apolog)
17^
apology
of that language,
and
Mt
apology
j.n
is
accepted
of.
Henry Huntington,
wrote about the
Englifli hiftorian,
1
who
middle of the
alfo that the
2 th century,
Teemed to believe
cxtind:
he
alfo
Richard of Hexbattle
of Stan-
the
;
on that day
powerful
hofl:
highly Improbable.
their princes
It
allowed th^t
fufFered,
many of
and leaders
and that mofl of their powerful princes, connefted with the ancient royal family,
were
fly to
diftant re--
mote
ces
parts
and
alfo,
that
'77
deftrudioii
and
of the low-
Nay,
political
imextells
as the total
tirpation of a
us, that
Kenneth
Mac
made a part of the king of Albany's army in Scotland, we have plain proofs from Ethelwood in his Chronicle *. And
Pids made a
army
From
the let-
* A. D. 937.
ter.
178
ter,
Pope Calixtus
22,
it
of Galloway, and the Pidts of Murray affected a kind of independency, and were very
troublefome under Malcolm the Fourth, being uneafy under the Scots kings,
king,
fent,
till
the
partly
by
force,
was obliged
to difperfe
them through
;
different parts
of the kingdom
fent fouth,
thofe of
Murray were
fent north to
as the
Murrays
their places *.
iffue
Thus we join
that the leading
to
with Innis
in allowiri;^
not fubmit
Kenneth
retired partly to
Galloway, and
as to the
partly to
many
Scottifli
government
differ
which
in
maintain to
be the
fame
now
M.
the
*
Resr.
Anno
Loud.
S. Biblioth.
mouths
179
mouths of the
pofterity
of the PiSis
as it
was
in
made
good
account
given of the
name PEICH.
it
And
on the
as
is
fevere
reflexion
up-
and humanity of that wife king to hold him up before the world as a monfter capable of
political
prudence,
honour,
fo
much
away the
infa-
mous
ftain,
own miftakes in
ters fo clofely.
let
common
and can
it
once be fup-
N.
Britain,
Europe ?
To
the
is
gentlemen,
in
high
ftations in every
all
i8o
all
Europe
fettled.
Certainly
that the ufe
learned feminaries,
JONA, ORANSA,
and
of UIST, and
of
N.
Europe
at the
fame
of the
in the
pofTitive proofs
now
exilling,
it
would be abfurd
it.
underflood the
learned
v/ife
*
*
fays
Mr. M*Nicol,
1 1
as already remarked.*
Anno
was any
Sir
printing in Europe,
we
are told
by
Roof
him by
Mac
Intofh,
he
of
the Earls of
Weems
called therein
EoiN
i8i
ill
Gaelic; that
is.
field,
confined,
as
the
illes,
mounwe meet with many fiich over all as well as this Uye in Fife, or the
two
feas,
lochs, rivers, or
Uye of
Sir
R. Menzies
in
v;^e
Appin
Du,
in
Perthfhire.
Here then
meet with
vvrit-
Nay, moreover, before the year 1054, we learn from Tiirgot, bifhop of St. Andrews,
while he was preceptor to king Malcolm
that Gaelic
but
whom, he
on
fays,
difcourfe
fubtile queftions
dom, and adds, that Malcolm the king underftood the Gaelic language, as well as the
Saxon,
l82
Saxon
the
iirft
guage of N.
a child,
Britain,
The
who
and could
tranflate
them
into Gaelic,
as far
09^
inferior
And Turgot
even tho'
much
inferior in point
of energy, to
ned queen
If
in the Saxon, or
Englifh tongue.
Mr. P.
pleafes
him
i83
him of
and
his
its
his miftaken
It is
antiquity.
hoped he
us
temper
parch-
ment
in Scotland, as
he
tells
we may meet
with in England, and in Gealic too, an almoft unknown language, though the mofl
honourable remains of the antiquities of Britain,
and expreffive
the
But
it
Mr.
P.'s
long
and
for
any thing
Fergus
is
faid to
from
mies
',
Ireland,
to
name
is
common to
that time,
fupreme
judges,
when
may
where.
But
i84
But
the
to
One of thefe fturdy aggrelTors, named Bridan Mor n a Hwai, or as he is named in Uift, Bridan Gop Dearag,
ifles.
Bridan with the red month, landed in Scotland about the Chriftian
aera,
with only a
of the
Mac
a
enough
ginary
Twa
de
he pleafed.
account given by William Buchanan
The
of Auchmar,
who
of the
Jrifli
Scots,
foregoing narrative
and
it
as follows
fays,
In treating of the
Mac Donalds^
he
i8S
GILLEBRIED,
him, Bridius.
or as our hiftories
name
This Bridius,
in the reign of
king Ederusy about 54 years before our Saviour's nativity, w^ith an army of his highlanders entered
tern continent,
great
barbarity depopulated, he
in his return
met by king Ederus with an army, and entirely defeated; Bridius hardly efcaping by abfconding himfelf in a cave, was thence termed Bridius, or Gilebride of the
Cave
j
obtained
new
forces,
by which he obliged
become
his
king Ederusy
iions of an invalion
by Julius
called
Casfar.
Sumerledus;
were
for
fome
Mac
Soirees, or
Siimei'led's
ailerts,
all
who
ifles
fays,
the
round
Britain,
tm
-,
thofe poUellcd by
EBUD^,
by the
Mac
of
Donalds.
the
Chriftian
Anno 245
in the reign
firft
epocha,
of thefe
on record, made
nent of Argyle
,
a defcent
many of his
his fon of
firft
men
for revenge of
in
whofe death
year of the reign of Donald the fecond, entered the continent with an
ders.
army of
iflan-
The
king of the
Ifles
the fame
which he was
as
killed
by
who
kept
down
his
fucceffors,
;
fome of the
fucceeding kings
made an
pofTefTed
genius.
all
The
chiefs of that
name
Cantyre,
Knapdale, and
i87
Is
coaft of Argylefhire.
it
then probable,
Illes in
when
Scots
the
M*Donalds of the
Argyle-
ihire ftruggled
Irifli
fent
an ambafTaof
to
Greece
fix
in the time
Pythagoras, about
and
to
from
this
cirumftance
iiles
it
would be abfurd
deftitute
were either
good,
of
or inhabitants.
And
among
to
make
this
let
us
:
remark
that,
what Diodorus
and fome others
Siculus
obferves
Hecateus,
there
is
an ifland in
than Si-
lefs
which
is
It
is
fmg forth
the
i88
a lan-
guage proper
for themfelves,
and had a
friend-
Greek
letters
;
let
Mr.
that
P.
liften
with attention
and
alfo
Aearis
to
no other
G.
which
when
en(the
fince
fides
me-
at times,
dug up
far
below the
if it
ebb
tide.
No
wonder
was
it
when
1
about
70
miles computed,
105 Engliih
8 or
to the end.
27 miles
i89
27 miles broad
that St. Kilda
ifle
to
it,
fhaU
;
fea
covers
the
fpace
perior to
plain
is
in
extent.
;
The whole
it
of deep mofs
then
was
full
temple
flill
to
be feen at Callarnifh.
And
cafioned by the
ing feas,
is
warmth of
extremely
fo
fertile,
Author has
and
fhooting out
feet
high
at
Chriftmas,
And as
to the prolific
the
by Lanne
on that head.
and writs.
/. e.
with Sador,
Abaris when
belted plaid
(a belt
his
i9<5
(a
belt
gilt
over
with
gold,)
with a
in his hand.
When Sa-
DOR, from the Hyperboreans, went with prefents, he was accompanied with
This
is
other inftruments.
fufficient
to
mark
pher,
who
is
alfo
mentioned by many o-
ther writers *.
Mr. AHle remarks, that the Phoenicians came to the illes for the article of commerce more than 600 years before the Chriftian
asra
;
yet
it
Indeed,
{hown by
on
Mr. Whitaker ; and adds, that they carried their commerce with the Britons very
fecretly,
velfely
when
upon
chafed by a
a fhoal,
Roman, chufed
fuffer
tradl,
to
run
and
fhipwreck, rather
path, by
to en-,
and
191
-And therefore
licy
It is
Ogwas
Irifli,
Didionary of
theirs at prefent
it
but he very
judicioully applys
ters,
to the elements
of let-
and thinks
it
was
pradlifed
by the
Iriih
no reafon
to
fucli
com-
many
the revolutions
many
later date,
loft for
this period
under contemplation.
conjecture in hifto-
therefore a
rafli
however
dignified,
without pofitive
proof.
192
the
proof,
to
aver,
that
learned
Druids
committed nothing
were ignorant of
letters,
handed down
certainly
to
our days
fafely.
They
;
and
with
them
prefents,
infcribed
Greek
letters
thefe people; and the learned Druids are fufHcient to eftabliih thefe fads, tho' other cor-
accompany them.
Can any man of reflexion helitate for a moment to allow that fo learned a man as Abaris, the Arch Druidof Liewes, who is
allowed, about 600 years before Chrifl, to
if
in the
Lycasum
at
Athens, and to have difplayed more knowledge under a belted plaid than Pythagoras
and of writing
To
much more
to write
They
193
inftrudlion to write
cians,
or Greeks,
as
fufficiently qualified
without their
aid.
Befides
it is
certain,
guage
in Caefar's time
The
their
Gauls,
us,* ufed
Greek
letters,
and he found
in the rolls
of
foldiers,
children's
;
Greek
charadlers
fo
two
was the
univerfal
all
write
in
Greek, over
world.
ifles
the
weftern
parts of the
We
may
and the
and
it
conveened
194
conveened
all
but in vain
knew, or
and
to return, not to
make
curious remarks
iiland,
the diverfity of
more of
in
their addrefs,
is
thefe
Celtic
cattle,
firft
The
and
his fuccefTors
would not
from Ireland
make room
and even
his defcendants
all
Scotland, af-
well
known.
Mr. P. give an account of the Scots and Pid:s, when thus unexpeftedly ftripped of
both
?
No
wonder he Ihould
rail
againft
occupying
195
meant
IriJJj
for
the
fo
Scots,
and
for
much
way
'y
in vain.
But they
will
have matters
owa
as Celtic underftandings
WAX always
of obftrudtion.
Dhanian co heridh
coart
e,
in fpite of oppofition,
Mac
Donalds
in their
of arms
is
till
now.
the
This tyrant
bear his
own
proportion of
feeing
nay, even
M'Niand
telling
efta-
like a Scheanachie,
-,
fupport
by
has
is
regular
and
to
blifhed ftandard, as
well
known
many
much
I fhall
pains to
it.
only
19^
dences,
namely
General
Sir
Oughton, and
any
partiality;
Englifliman,
the
other
a fouth country
Scotfman.
The teftimony
of Mr. Pennant,
traveller
through
weight.
What
when
abufes
Richard Steel
fays,
Mr. P.
the Macpherfons
in general
namely, that
idle
muft be led
In one
along pur-
and
ilHterate Celts,
and
197
and
line
others,
is
in
his
writings,
when
every
prejudice,
and
illiberal
and unprovoked
if
invectives.
vi'orthy
he
is
thought
of notice :
will
Menecrates,
who
ftilcd
himfelf Jupiter
not ap-
make
The acrimony
of Mr. P. againft
Mac-
fo rudely terms a
to dojuftice
on the author
of the
indifferent,
awakened the
curious,
the quills
the
IgS
The
poem of
fabjedl alluded
to
is
the famous
thor reprobates
againft
the
feverity
able to
James Macpherfon, and hopes to be fupport the credit of the poem, yet he
laft
gentleman's per-
in iilently refufing to
Dr. Johnfon
fatisfadlory
explicit
and
by Mr. M;
as
Dr. Johnfon, from his exalted ja irader, a writer, had a right to be nfwered re^
t!
rn
be
faf isiied,
and
his
own
it
demand.
extreme to
But
to fave
as
would be rud:
i
in the
it
think he could
ot explain
iufficiently, fo,
him
fatisfadion to
and
199
how far
Here then
of the
to explain
that,
it,
FIANS,
it
or
FINGALL,
in order
every
prince,
or laird
in
Scotland,
was
under the
neceffity
and each
as
empe-
at prefent,
in order
incumbent
a
furprife
from
no
lefs
no
lefs
neceffary
known
to all
thoroughly, becaufe
different
fo expreffive
of the
it
for
which
was
200
To illuftrate
lefs
thefeby
and no
when it
is
way
to other tongues,
in other countries,
much
as
pure and
ture with
the fame,
well
mentioned properly
in the
mean
The Scythian
dation of the
is
faid to
;
have
laid
the foun#-
Greek
&c. page
5,
&c. And
to point
out
201
remarked that
befl:
original languages
have been
preferved
in iflands
and mountainous
countries
which
is
whofe
fituation
Of courfe
ter,
the Britifh
ifles,
fays the
v^^ri-
ferved
The fame
tin to
of Eliflia fold
re-
long be-
the place
nor
is
it
would pay
to
come by it at
firfl;
hand.
name Barratannac
to the
ifle
f'.
t Ibid.
From
202
From
the
firit
all
which he feems
to think that
inhabitants of Britain
illes
came from
This
the Archipelago
fL
e,
Elifha).
the
we go
higher,
we muft make
%
is
He adds,
affinity
that
there
is
doubt,
origin
but the
Phoenician
tongue had
Hebrew
it
words
to be
found
as Gael,
it
they called
Gallin *.
corrupted
among
the
illes
and
hills
of North
FIANS
203
rT.\NS, and
gain credit,
FIANGAEL
FIAN
will,
hope,
The
very
name
of a giant,
to the minces
dom mention
awe and
men, but
it
in
terms of
refpedl,
That
this is
vulgar and
refpedling
gene-
rally received,
them.
This
ferves
as a
was
explained,,
how
the plaineft
may be
may
be
rendered even
a combination
;
circum-
incompetent
204
And no tongue
who
are otherwife
whofe
though un;
as
might
FIANS
call off
it.
Then this word FIAN is compounded of FIAU, an alarms and AON, one that is, an alarmed man, a man on his guard and defence. FIA NEACH are made up of FIAU, an alarm, and NEACH, a people an alarmed people, or men on their guard
;
or defence.
an epithet
them from
or from neighbouring
kingdoms
and
205
and countries.
as the
Douglaf-
Humes,
fo
the
Cummins,
named, while
and
who
protected
thus named.
And the
borders are
ftill
known
merfe.
The
by
place
would be
few common
of the Douglalles
Af'ier the
rugged
hills,
is
thePids,
always called
',
CHAN,
their
rugged marches
named
by
by
the
called
Grampiani
in
Montes,
tranfpofing
letters
or4er to
make
word
206
to their
real
Roman
injury,
offered to the
abu-
meaning
was
materially
affe(fled
by fuch improper
of
freedoms.
Thus,
inftead
GARABH
unknown
BHEANTIBH,
word
in their
they
left
an
ftead,
which a hjghlander
and additions
or
or adding vowels to
and explained by
to their rea-
manner
by their
Prothefisy
Apharefis,
Syn-
&c.
all
which
efpeciis
pompous
figures
more
deit is
fcriptive
affixed to
well
known to every judge of the old Celtic. Upon the whole, refpeding the Pid:s and Scots, and before we put a final period to
this
207
this ftridure
regret,
how
groifeft miftakes
dation,
this
-,
may be
fome
fanciful writers
fays one,
the
firft
who polTefied
or thereabouts,
tribe called
who
and
ides of Scotland
invaders,
to be found.
The
laft
unforftill,
them
more
ferocious tribe
(if
208
poured
in
upon the
in
the
Chriftian
who,
like
manner,
turned
Cumri;
itill
ex-
The
field,
Pi(5t&
being thus
left
mafters of the
were,
KENNETH MAC
who from
Scotland,
ALPIN,
834 of
the
and
his Scots,
the year
of
all
except what
Celts,
(called
lavages
north-weft of Scotland.
fuppofmg them
(a
to
have been
people
new
tribe to
overcome them,
to
after
having had fo
be difpoffefTed of the
would be granting
to
a greater facrifice to
thefe
Ca-
Romans, though
Dowerful
allowed by
209
with
all
their auxiliary
forces
we know
that
were obliged
lofs,
to retire,
both with
fierceft
fhame and
trial
;
after
making the
new invaders, is an common fenfe and as thefe could not, much lefs did Kenneth Mac Alpin
;
as
imaginary wri-
We
have
already,
though
times
flrangers,
who have
at
different
heard
new
names applied
as thefe
to
new in
the country,
prenomens were
having
invaded
to their
own
ears.
Juft as Holiingfhed,
king's
Northumberland,
by
calling
v/ay
men
who,
the
did
Durham,
ruin-
aio
ruin of burning
whom he
calls ar-
horfemen
affailed
the
fpearmen,
who
ftood
upon
their defence,
man-
like a thick
wood
at length
fore beaten
infomuch
which
to
men, and
Englifh
;
that gave
the vidlory
that
the
and
finifhes
account by
fpearmen were
men of
by way of
diftin6lion
in reality they
We
now rcfume
fpirit
the fub-
of the Fians.
the warlike
From
the
of
ilie
Scots
PECHS
on the
eaft fide
of thefe rough
marches.
21.
all
along
on the weft
fides
of the
ANTIBH,
watch,
the
behoved
to be always
country,
inhabitants
might
der,
or
FIAN,
fatal
to
prevent depredations,
and other
rally
fors
marked the
here
And
extraordinary refledion
meant
againft the
by
either party
becaufe that,
Europe
in thefe
only
from
whom
ought
to
be exonly
emplified.
In proof of this
we need
Britainers,
where, according
faid
faid to
of.
When fpeaK
ters
under the
to ruin
mafk of
tions;
by force,
Henry
of fuch abufe,
ordered to have
the
God and
far
man;
for in theyear
were fundry
mummies,
Grangers
who
were beneficed
men
let-
but
alfo
came
to their barns,
threfhed out
their grain,
ters
At length the pope, upon complaint made unto him of fuch violent doings, wrote to king Henry, blaming him not a little for fufFering fuch diforders to be committed
213
commanding him,
to caufe a
to find out the
to be punifhed
:
offenders,
/harply, as an
he
moreover wrote
the bifhop of
like inquifition,
and
in
Hereupon
ihops,
in
general
inquifition
was
bi-
by the
among
bifliops
and chaplains
there were
to the king,
with archdeacons
laity
;
fome
fheriffs
and
bailiffs
alfo,
and diverfe of
In like
manner.
214
was accufed
j
to be chief tranfgreffor
in this matter
as that
mafked
threfliers,
who had
king one
Sir
who had
it
led about a
company of the
that he
faid
maikers,
protefting
had done
upon
juft caufe, to
be
revenged
who went
to fpoil
judgment.
The plunderers of the South feem to have laidhoU on fom.e feeming juft caufe of
offences being
were,
their
provoked
to
fellow- fubjeas,
who
never commit-
without
i5
without
firft
indignity,
an ex-
cufe to
with a
;
the
which behoved
as tradition,
to
be redrefled
;
at the
ex-
but as far
we
At any
we may
fafely believe.
If
the inhabit
tants of Britain
were
fo turbulent at fo late
a period,
fo
much more
many
fideration,
FIANS,
or
mountainous countries of
Scotland,
fierce
than
to
the fouth.
to
But
had
return
the
FIANS,
they
certain
little
eminences,
named
FAIRRE DUNS,
DOWNS
in Englifli)
P 4
tfefe
3l6
>
trcis,
immediately marched
danger was
towards that
the
threatened.
as the rnofl
expe-
mode of giving
wh. re the
FAIRRE DUNS
commanded
flat,
extenfive profpedls.
Where
lefs
or
fArridhy
the
in
flaughter-crofs
for
ARand
]R.ADH,
tke dead
to
lie
Gaelic,
{\gm!kt%Jlaughter',
left in
SAN ARRAICH,
the dead. This
in
e,
is
in the field
amo g
with
name
well
known,
:
but corruptly
this
through the
in their
mouths
(as
call
the people
by
the
lafi:
firft
was the
the
epithet
means
flaughter.
^1/
in the field
This
is
mode of giving
their
the weftern
iiles ;
an
ifland
know
own
different places
making
ifle,
fmoke
to
vifit
when any
main
land,
any
other
fire
fignals
have
dif-
been feen
HARRIS,
;
from Skye, a
tance of 24 miles
nay, there
a certain
was a
fignal
of
diftrefs
made on
and was
melancholy oc-
cafion
St. Kilda,
have been
Long
nor could
Ifle
Long
been
flat,
and
in
many
pla-
Our
by
2l8
when
and
we
by
find the
fame method
is
a people nearly in
were
in,
when
ple
ANS,
their
FIANEACH,
are
or wardens and
And known
the ruins of
to this time
by
their
names.
and a modern
FIANGAEL
at Kilin
;
and report
ir^
fays, that
he was buried
in a
word, that
;
appellative
was common
to
many
juft as
thefurnameFERGU, properly
to every king,
differences
fpeaking,
was
among
the people.
The
Mulin
re.,
are to
be feen in
a mile of
is
BALLY UK AN
near Miilm
another,
that
named CAISof
TEAL N-DIU,
at
219
In
the days of
this veftige
lies in
the fafm of
CA-
ISHLY,
There
weft from
MlNGINlSH.
FIANS one of them about five miles eaft of KILIN parifli, above the high road;
;
BORORA,
about a mile
from
ACHMORE,
ihali
We
little,
now
in order to
make
it
appear that
this
order of
that the
men
poffefTed
all
Scotland, and
name may,
known
as generally
received
Scots
thefe
is
people,
as
the term
to the defceaidants
of
FIANS. In the flure of Sutherland, we meet with CAIRNNAM FIANN, being now a confufed mafs of immenfe large
ilones, the ruins of large buildings,
lie in
which
miles
fix
* Camden, by Gqych.
to
2tO
And
CLAISH
NAM FIANN,
CLAISH
and
fo
land,
much
the
larger extent.
In
the
diftrifl
guardians
of
country were
fettled,
neighbourhood called
FIANN.
we
/.
From
we meet
pafs
on
to the fouth
and there,
in
Murray-fhire,
e.
with
FIAN DORN,
FINArid
DORN, CHRIOCHAN,
GARABH
neceflary
or rough marches.
became
who
appointed with FI
when
ties
called
upon
from the
is
enemy.
built
Findorn^ a well
fea-coaft,
known town,
a
on the
is
and
a confiderable traffick
carried on there,
much
iafer
*21
on by
when
the
to the place.
Near
ftands.
is
fifty
of FIANLETTIR
This ancient
feat
of the Fiannicb
well
known from
it
to
which
belongs.
it,
was
ny ready at a
affiftance.
call
when need
required their
We leave Invernefs,
Ihire.
and haften
to Perth-
Then
Blair in Athol,
pally refides,
princi-
we
;
GLEAN FIAN
DALE,
the country
wardens refided
bably lived at
heap
ftands caftle
feats
of the
The
founder's
name
242
nime was
LODDY,
a man's
name com-
mon
viz.
own
times,
Lewis, or Lodovic.
Ithians
this nation
ful writers,
laid to
-,
have been
fo
termed
from king
is
Ludd
mahave
ny
princes of that
name
are
known
to
refided,
ling,
about
fifteen miles
weft of Ster-
in the
hills,
of high
URR, ARD, a place fituated on the water of GEARY, about four miles eaft of
Blair,
received this
great perfonages
try.,
who
of Scotland
and indeed
the
com-
mon way
marks of
the apex of
watchman
CAIRN
223
CAIRN DEARAG,
lived,
and ESS
DEA-
upheld by their
Likely enough,*
defcendants, or relatives.
Offian's
Fians or Princes
and
famous
FIAN CAS-
TLE,
try
once refided
many wardens
its
Athol and
nearly
vicinity,
arofe
from
its
being
oppofite
fide
to
LOCH ABBER,
nefs of
its
on the weft
of thefe
marches, a place long known for the fierceinhabitants, vrho frequently in-
fertile
Carfes
whofe
fteps
were
and efpecially
to their
224
Fortingak, rather
FAIRE
:
NAN GAEL,
fettled
body
roimd
of
it.
FIANEACH
At
row
the head of
ftands
Loch Tay,
in a
nar-
valley,
FINLARIG,
known
to
one of the
;
a very
belong to the
himfelf,
perhaps to
is iaid
FIAN GAEL
be buried at Kilin,
in
neighbourhood.
the
From
Grampian
Hills
to
Tay
tiful
in
Broad Albin,
the river
Lock Do-
CHART
called
river
both
fides
of
with gentle-
mens
by the inhabitants
in the
happy neigh-
Stratk
Fill AN,
Fi L L A N,
which
vv'cre
believed to have
225
lunatics,
the place
i?
on that account
ters
yearly frequented
by peoand
on thefe wa;
to the prefent
the veftige
alfo remains,
and
is
the waters,
But paffing
this,
we mufi remark,
that prior
feats
name of the Fians, as Stra FiAU Lann, where many chiefs under
bear the
that defignation,
accompanied with
kept
ftridt
their
vaffals
and
tenantry
watch
Glen ur-
CHAY men,
lower
marches,
and thofe
Lorn, on
and to
whom
the above
Stra
was always expofed, on account of its being an eafy open thoroughfare to pafs to the low
countries
of Balquidder, Strath of Lanne, and Stirling. In defence of which many fevere battled have been fought, as we are told from tradition,
left
for pofterity
Q^
tQ
226
refpedtmg
fatisfy
theFiANGAELs
will,
it is
hoped,
employed
in this
kind
make
name more
jaear
And
one
StraFillan,
LA0GH,in
ed hero.
or a ftrong
of the alarm-
Such a man
is
called a
Fa war R,.
man on
guard.
pafs that leads
of Callander, Perth-
isH,
rich
little valley,
who
teith,
Mon-
^27
f the
Glenorchay,
or
Balquidder
depredators.
hard by
and Fian,
the
its
in
the
neighbourhood of
perhaps
at
ter hollow, to
ders,
Earra Ghaelich,
fouthj
and in
Cowali
further
toward
the
end
of the
Garabh Chriochan,
we
find the caftle of
i?
or rough
marches,
Fin
Nab
Nabi
it is
was, and
flill
is,
neighbour through
all
the Ebudse
perhaps
more than probable that this gentleman had a few neighbouring aiiifbants, to whom this familiar term was applied for their aid
in
time of need.
Fian Chruach,
is
orthe
CHAY
in Argylefhire
well
known; and
order
we might
0^2
228
Wefl
fide
of the
Garafu
Bheans,
cafily
as
we did on
who were feated in their command the peace of the kingdom, by forcing thofe who were violathefe chieftains,
regular order, to
ting
it
into better
more modeit.
But we
the
ifles,
we find
the
or
men
prevailed.
hills,
On
the
north
is
of Campfay
called
country adjacent
Fian Tirr,
is
fo
named.
was necellary
famous.
to protecft
In Airanother
is
not
far
from Kilmarnoch^
country named
to
Fianeach,
or Finnic h,
The
229
TTie
Romans knew thefe inhabitants by the name of AttacotU, corruptedly fo called by them as ufual, inftead of Aiteach Coitaririy
e,
i.
boatmen
which
thefe coaf-
fifhingand naviis
gation
',
known
by FiANEACH,
threatened
them by
on the weft
a
There
fhire,
is
Bo Finnan
parifli,
in
DunbartonLanercfhire,
where
the village
guards. In
ftands
Bothwell
Caer Fian,
fignifies a
it
Caer
dence,
was
fo ufed then,
and
is
fo
is
emto be
Fian Tullich, and another Fian TuLLiCH in Glenlcadfiagy Comrie parifhj Fin Glassie in Fife, and Cor Stor Fian of Niddry. Fin Gas kin, this laft quality added to Fian reprefents the
found a
Q^ 3
a very
230
accomplifliment in a man who bordered on a country, and even fhire, inhabited by Fianich all Fifefhire is
a yery needful
j
called
F I Au,
an alarmed country, as
if
the
were continually
on
their
who
the inhabitants
cfpecially
of their
to
Fife
all
anciently
was fuppofed
ful plains,
comprehend
the beauti:
on the
of the PouU
river,
(ridiculoullly called
BoRomans.
fet
So
ted
much in
FiANs,
of
gentlemen and
as
way of diftindiion from their other names many of which prenomens, from the ruft of
time, and the gradual influence, and corruption of ignorant
now
in the
mouths of
and
231
and
in Gaelic.
But before
this is exemplified,
we muft
is
no inconliderable
there
in
is
lifh
South
Craig-
nam Fianichin,
the protedlors
Fian near
Uiji.
Dun
Gainich,
/. e,
Benbecula,
S.
Cor na Fian,
the cauldron,
or
before
weft.
One inftance or two more in the fouth we enlarge on the ifles and north-
On
the fouth-weft of
i.e.
Lanne
Caftle
we found Drepan,
tion,
Drep
on the weft
in
0^4
an
232
hill for
burying
built,
and called by
There isanotherDuNlRA,nearLochEairn,
called
e.
Cuiljar Fiamiy
to pre-
among
the
Dun
Ira.
From
the whole
it
feems cer-
tain, as
that the
whole
filled
fo that not
many men of
in
this dcfcription
remote
period
of time.
The numerous
name and
veftiges
in
Suther-
Dun
is
clergyman
a hilUallcd
from that
country.
or
There
KNOC
FIAN,
Fingal's
233
Fingars Hill; and the people have a proverb, when there is a great falling off from any
man
ly or office,
laft
of
the heroes.
well
Knox,
ries in
lifhed in the
name of
Staffa,
Offian.
In the ifland of
there
is
a fpaci-
When
we
told us,
Mac
CuiLL, whom the tranilator of Offian's Poems has called Fingal. How fortunate that in this cave
we
Poem
is
almoft doubted in
in
Engfound,
At Caol Ruiuhy
Sky^
mouth of Locb
TAL DuNNiN,
Jiillof Fingal,
that
are
is,
DUN
FIAN,
There
the
is
to be feen.
a Dimfiin
234
a Dumiiny
heart
called T^orr
of Strathern in
Perthfliire,
Fin gals lived, a beautiful large mound like a fhip, with its keel uppermoft ; the Romans ignorantly called
another of the
it
but in
Gaelic,
rial
TORR NAOMBH,
buKing or Prince
is
a facred
who
feat
DUN
CRUB,
There
the prefent
is
fuch an-
other large
at Invernefs,
where ano-
Tom na
;
hill
is
a handfome youth
two
l?mn, i.e.
Airre Bo Fian,
in
town of Fingal,
chieftain's houfes.
the braes
above the
to corrobo-
in-
Scotland
-,
par-
ticular,
we
235
and
towns
are
named by
the
in
epithet
different
FIANS,
can account
for
tremendous ruins
Angularly at-
tradin^:^
in Sky,
i.e,
Bally-nam FiANMi
fefides.
where a gentleman
beautiful rich
ftrongly
mark
all
their exift-
over
Harris and
and
blended
together
into
the
greateft malTes
by the Fians
in
I fay,
thefe are to
in
be met with
adjacent
many
places
thofe and
Hellifini/h,
ifles,
particularly
at
in the
form
of a large fquare,
comprehending
fome
acres
^3^
acres
among
day in
the open
fields
and paflures,
retire,
on the
on carriages by twenty
Barin the
And
Bar-
PIANS
tire,
{landing quite
in the
middle of
And
Brown,
who was
fent
to
mark out
did viflt
fliliing villages,
This gentleman
in
made
the
Barpt AN
237 the
aftonifliment
at
uncommon
fight
of
Thofe
much
fpecu-
'lation
lity
among
of opinions,
on that
head.
of thefe Cairns,
and concerning
fome
the
will
memory of heroes
the
honour of Mer;
cury,
protestor of travellers
others
were eled:ed,
.
fo as to exhibit themfelves to
the multitude.
One
the
eftateofone great
man from
which
another
and
opinion the
This
indeed
238
indeed
may be
them
as are to
5
each other
and as
greater
and fmaller,
according
to
and even in
feveral
others have
had hut
perhaps four
com;
and
never-
on
floors,
and
fufFer
them
and upwards,
5cc.
all
They were
fome thing
built in
circular forms,
each,
towards a point
which feems
with a
And
thofe
239
>
ftill
to be fccn reftit
ing
on
the
top
of each Barpian, as
Mounds of
up ahea-
Thus
advanced
in height,
until the
into a point,
by
many
places,
thefe houfes
down
;
within a
that
hill in grofs
confufed heaps
{o
when
i
the
in a
inhabitants,
ground
fide
on the out-
And
it is
not improbable,
inhabitants of Scotland
and the
in
were
called
HO
on the
of FI ANNS
called
their
as.
were
from
the
PEICHS,
new
;
fide,
imployment of farming
illes,
ground
SCOTSH',
from
ing
is
their Sails ,
bufinefs.
many
:
old adages In
Gaelic,
where the
ftrongly
idea of
ing
is
marked
g.
N-Roimb
purfuit,
u San 72-Feinn ?
Was
?
you in the
or jeopardy to-day
I
was
in a
meeting, or
And
FEINN
as
is ftill
underftood to ing on a
be
the
fame,
his go-
To
as is
ftrong
among
the vul-
gar,
and exprefled
well
known
who
We
now
mouths of the
fpirit ot
ig-
affumed an
antiquated garb,
that lan-
guage.
241
guage.
on,
The
inftance
condefcended upis
that of
OSSIAN, which
has occafioned no
raifed ill-hu-,
fmall wrangling,
and even
and yet
difficult to
bp
Then,
John.
this
name
is
compounded of
two words,
to another,
Os
is
as,
OS
JANN
to
fo
hearkye, John
(it
equivalent
-,)
the
Latin
hearkye
and
to all other
this
interje<flion
ad^
But
in this particular
word un^
der conlideration,
AISH
it
is
applied, and
implies a refledtion of
Thus,
of
AISH-JANN
John ; when John, or the bard, in compofmg his poem, looks back on things that
pafre4
242
ter the
mofs of time
fhall
grow on
ra,
cieht
days,
It is
when
times.
Mr. Smith,
it
furely
was in
It is nevertheleft
was by no ni^ans
in its infancy.
And fome
this asra
fian
known
before
of
verfe,
melancholy kind
own poems
belides,
word
S/jcan
'aijl\
old way,
or old fa-
fhion, is the
common mode
of expreflion,
health in any
when
n*Dune ud rCdiu f
day
?
do to
in the
the
anfvver
&c.
been
And
243
though nothing
is
more
inconliflent
The inhabitants on the weft fide o Dorfum Alabin value themfelves on their being
Gaels,
efteeming
Gaill,
it
more honourable
the epithet
name than
the eaft
their
fide,
or Goiillibhy
ufually given
by them,
cheeks,
to the inhabitants of
which they fuppofe them more eminently polTefTed of, than the more pleafant Gaels, who are naturally
fulky
fprightly in their
hence we are
left
whether
com-
mon
Dougaels,
Dhiiil^
Mac Mac
met with
Fian Gael
of Scotland
as
grand
244
comparable poem,
rather, if
it
fo inimitably
famous
or
was not
for certain a
common
remarked above.
With
Dr.
performance,
Blair,
much
has been
faid
its
by
fa-
others, in
infult
vour, that
would be an
on mens
judgment
internal,
to litigate
and external
ftrongly
its
marked with
fatisfad:ory truths
of
will
reprobate
it ;
and
ignorant of
its
merit,
would be equal-
ly foolifh as fruitlefs.
Sir
Adolphus Oughton,
fays
Mr. Bofwell,
our Deputy
Commander in
I
Chief,
who was
officer,
moftuniverfal fcholars
learned the Erfe
his
belief in the
i
language,
and expreifed
authenticity of Offian's
poems
but as Dr. Johnfon took the oppoof that perplexed queftion againft
fite fide
Mr.
245
Mr M'Queen
Edinburgh.
in Sky,
fo
did he
alfo at
To prevent
a difpute
however.
Sir
A. O.
this
the
poem
The poems,
fays
in Croidart, out
of the
thofc
246
poems were
To
this
(cribes^ h^-ving
great pieces of
them
repeated, and
was well
of hearers
a fortnight,
old,
with
poems equally
and fome
of t'-em feemingly of more ancient date. ^^ And for this piece of agreeable and inno-t
fenfive entertainment,
he was acceptable
company wherever he
night,
who
iiflened
agreeable mufe.
And
a truth fo generally
acknowledged,
^f7
acknowledged,,
.ithat
it.
,,^^^
The
detail
autlipr bpwe.vfr,
tt^efe
tlie
ivhole of
in
ppems.in
fame compjet^
Gaelic,
e^^cept
rhapfodies,
and each- of
whipii. appeared to
.-..[
be a finifhed piece.
After thus difcoyering wer?,
who
the
F IAIN'S
to
it is
theni by
way of
dignity,
the reader,
men
to the bat-
time of .trial,
gularly the
mighty achievements of
their
princcs's families,
in
his fervice.
ufeful
domefties,
^lapiqg the
.
great chiefs
who were
different
though under
tribes,
literally
ly,
names,
-j^s
heads of
whole
office
was
ofFmns, name-
to
Speaking
H^
might anfwer
aera,
to
when
faid to
and
lately revived
an
Englifh
when
commanon the
where he obtained a
fignal vidlory
his arms,
after
he had
fields
Something, fays
doubtful mift
traditions,
ftill
Mr. Gibbon,
like
nor can
be entirely difpelled by
the
criticifm;
we
of the
mind.
The
249
The
parallel
would not be
civilized
to the advaii--
tage of the
more
people
if
we
F?>z^^//; the
genius of Offian
who
'
ferved under the Imperial ftandard, from motives of fear, or intereft, with the free-
born warriors
who
ftarted
;
to
arms
at the
if,
in a word,
we
warm
virtues of nature,
mean
vices of wealth
and
flavery
-,
it is
throw fome
many
others,
from yielding
a hearty affent to
What
a pity
but fuch learned gentlemen were well acquainted with the Gaelic, fo as to reprefent
the fubjedt in a
before
the
250
the eye
In
.that,
cafe
it
is
would
4nd
do
the n)ore
ma,^-!.
tender
Piprs
ferclings
than
the
who
gave
rifp
The
opinion oi
in
when fpeakingof
thati
more decided
To rejed,
thQr> the
ye^ t9
fuch puprevailed
manners,
as
have
not
and moft
illiterate
ftages of
to form>
is
equally diffi-
Had
2,51
how^ver>
him
to enquire farther
back
hiftor)^ of th.fe people ih more remote ages, he would have found out the fecret of their being moVe learned zn^ poiiilicd, long befojje fheaeram which Fingal live and Offian
Tung; and alfo that the progrefs of civilization of manners in thefe, later ages
was
fo that
refined as their
manuers then
al-
early,
but
a
What
Mr. A.
fome eviof
dence to convince us of
theirs
j
this ignorance
for fure
fragments handed
down by
poflerity, difplay
remote ages
examine
their
merits;
252
is
rits i
no proof of
ignoraiicc,
much
been made
authors,
to
though Grangers
guage
3)
a preference
When fpeaking of a
dawn of
arts,
religion,
aflonifhing,
and
introdudlion Ihould
knowdiffi-
We
culties
fliall
by
reafoning,
but will
rather reft
ledgement,
edly fo ftands,
we
count
^52
a
count for
I
it.
Here is
faid,
had almoft
profelTors,
would
difqualify
men
from the enjoyments which are believed to follow as a reward arifing from the laborious
refearches of the
their endeavours
more
learned,
to
crown
in fearch
the
happy
fruits
pious endeavours.
An
outrage this,
com-
and
fo grofs that it
contra-
known
experience,
of the vi-
to
impofe his
own lucubrations on
oppofite
-to
the world
of truth, tho'
is
nothing
well
is
more
fads, as
too
known from
who, through
are
their
this
was
254
Milton
and fuch
who
are,
truly learned,
ilate of paradife
while,
on the contrary,
fmatterers
all
of the world, and expofe to ridicule the fincere profefTors of the divine truths,
their
while
own pra(5lice
has rendered
them objed:s
not
of compafiion,
altered,
and
if their progrefs is
towards a
from the
fo
much
wifhed for
The
as reprefen-
known
that to
defcribe
them would be
fuperfluous,
nor
abridgement.
talTc to
To
us
is
left
the ungracious^
in a
mark how widely fucceeding ages, more advanced ftage of foeietyj deviated
virtues
from the
of their anceftors,
from
and elo-
Hies of the
AHy-
perboredks,
when
at
^55
'iilhed
time of Pythagoras,
rieaders
Any
of Mr. Arnold's
fatisfied,
may be
fufficiently
that
learning in the
much
on the
days
;
decline,
from what
it
was in former
of that prince
may have
excelled the
more
which continued
more,
until they
barbarifm and favage tyranny. ThSn, by degrees, the chains of the feudal fyftem
were
began to recover
manners, which,
juftly celebrated.
its
primitive elegance of
in the days
of Offian, are fb
Thus,
th'e
for
and
full
may
its
is
infancy,
its
growth, and
decline, as
well
known
planted
rafli
Britain with
its iiles
have been
it
firifl:
with inhabitants.
And
would be
to
256
writings
of their
among their learned, becaufe none monuments have furvived the rava-
how un3
who
received,
letters written in
Greek,
mit anfwers
in the
fame
ftyle
and language.
And he muft be
ried
a novice in hiftory
who has
car-
commerce were
bitants
knew of
;
themfelves
and
it
believed
of that trade
Ions;
Upon
the
lliorteft
could
thefe
different
ments
ufually
to
employed by others
bufmefs,
who
have
been bred
whether
in the
mec-
cantile
^57
To
upbraid
in
and no fmail
reflection
on our
own modern
pafs
grofs conceptions
railily
when we
a people,
judgement too
qualities
if
upon
whofe
equal,
appear,
upon
trial,
to
be
conndered
loft lince
how many
the time of
to
have
exifted,
now
even
in
Britain,
other countries
we
learn
from
our times,
we judge ofthefeas
refufe
of others,
them when
polfeiTed
258
poiTefled
of fuch accomplilliments
as
have
and adlions
others.
to writing
for
the benefit of
But Mr. P. charges the Celts with an unpardonable offence, as they were and are
fo fond
ftill
in:
of Clans.
What
is
praife-worthy
au
highlander
whether
in the right or
wrong,
the wrong.
author experts
be forgiven
tremen-
paft.
who
of Scotland, that
firfi:
inhabitants
on entering that
And when a
259
would, as
is
moft natural,
them
in the
wefl
as they increafed
ifles,
more of them
his
in
the oppofite
under
own
Mofl
tives.
fenfible
writers
fourteenth
when fpeaking of
the
Romans,
manners,
the
laft
and
faith,
and
in courtefy
this
exaggerated
which
plainly indi-
And
if
we
the
greater
will their
conformity
S 2
with
260
till
by tracing
or.T
mote
tions
tinies,
the
higheft and
iirft
emigra-
among
literally
found
the
firfl:
fettlers
on the
eaft fide of
North
Britain,
as jufl:
now
remarked.
is
The
Caledonians would, as
mofl na-
own
their
to
the
wpfl in
j
proportion
to
merous
illes
and not-
the language
much
the
in
times of
Romans.
hi-,
Thither he fent
own
fon. called
M^c,
his vaflals
and tenants,
and
before
them
by
26l
t>y
their
parents,
they would
foon
be
in a
condition to
lail as to
little
make
a livelioohd, and
to
multiply lb
felves
bs able
defend them-
with
more
this
airiftance
from
their
fol-
patents.
That
thofe
it is
llill
lowed
bable,
in
early times
but
alm.oft certain,
from
a fimi-
lar practice
Hebri-
des,
among
who
inhabit thefe
As an
.o'blerve,
I will firft
leafe-
holders,
who
fide,
parts
on
the coafi
oppoiite to their
own
whe-
about
five
computed,
or feven and a
many
be
of them
much more
extenfive,
as m.ay
known from the maps and geography of the Long Illand. Thefe cottagers, or lefser
at
prefent along
royal foreil in
the extenfive
of the
S
3
Harris
262
fettlements of
And
diflrids
this
mode of
planting uninhabited
rational pracit is
tice firft
but
almoft
who
was
poffefled of a certain
tradt
of lands on
manner proadjoining,
fide,
and
forefts
ifles in
proportion,
to his
more convenient
diftance;
e-
tled at
and doubtlefs
the remote
war was
confequence
and
real right
was
at laft
made
to
the longeft
and feuds.
as
To
of the
thefe,
the chieftain,
vaffals
-,
their
their ftrength, in
(.
263
in cafe Grangers
began
to infult
them from
remote quarters.
the highlands and
likely,
this
next to a
of nature.
made
actions in
many other
probable,
to
particulars.
Nor
young
is it
that ftrangers
would
be permitted
force themfelves
on thefe
colonies then,
more than
at prefent.
Then when we
Irifli
read of Dalriads,
Tua
de
meaning,
and
moft
fertile fpot
we mayjuftly
-,
call in
imaginary
more
efpecially
about the year 503 of the ChilHan a?ra, when the pofterity of the iflanders and highlanders had fo effedually feated themfelves,
fo numerous that room, was wanting for their comfortable living to-
gether over
all
info-
much
264
proved too
many
in their fhead, as
trial
too well
known from
the
Now
are here
it is
Irifh Scots
meant
becaufe, according to
Mr.
Baxter's account
fo
few
as hardly
monk
as not
relates
to be
known
^deo
negletii.
On
and
this in
from
their patronimicks.
As the
illanders
commonly named
eaft
0/,
and weft
fettle-
to
make
Macs were
at firft fent
=6;
to the iiles.
ne/sf
O'Neahy
and
or
of thefe names.
grandfons,
at prefent,
On
the fubjed: of
Oj-,
we do
not intend to
infift
more
conjedlure,
however
it,
plaufible,
without au-
thority to enforce
only
we
This
is
cer-
tain,
progenitors
land at a
the
much later period, and retained name of Mac Donnely which is flill
in the family to this day.
it
kept up
Be
that as
will,
we may
Macs and
appeal to the
fenfible reader,
endearing terms
ufed
among
ral,
religious,
I fay, let
perfon be confulted,
their fpeech
is
like
266
like
parents, or as kings,
who are
of view.
fathers
to the
of
their people,
church
Can Mr. P. himfelf devife a more endearing tyc by which a prince could fix the whole of
in a religious point
trial
and battle
fallen
of his people
fwer or confute
him
There
is
defcription,
who
live-
maat
own
invention,
the expence of charadersof worth and learning, efpecially if they are unfortunately of
this intermeddling
faid to
his
this
fatire.
certain
whether
Proteus
may not be
the
--^1
pudingaria,
and
to
be
feeii in
the Britiih
is
Antipudingaria
as
lefs
he dares not
man under
his
of London,
as
by tabbing defencelefs
women
tion
'y
manner,
this
and
manner he
This mode he
of take
general
in,
is
known to
follow by
way
may
think the
voice
fpeaks the
fame language,
forth thro*
own malignant
r,
throat, into
fome magaeffecfts
zine or newfpaper
his poifon are not
however, the
of
now lb
deadly as he coidd
wilh,
known among
many of
the diffatirical
cerning readers
refledion
is
uttered abroad^
the readers,
268
hand
in
if
lefs credit is
adharebit.)
And
for this
fome of
from
pers,
his
hurting
their
3
their
private intereft,
and
of
wounding
own
their cuftomers
but he
no fooner drove
People are
himfelf lately
from thence.
fortified
fome
ma-
clafs
of
men
and
x-
critic
office requirese
tenfive reading
man who
has
little
269
little
time and
lefs
inclination to Ipend
;
on
he ufually
is
known
injudi-
more
he
eafy
or flattering
is,
ciuofly, juft as
or
is
we
therefore read, of a
Mac
like, to iup-
As
on
arA
difficult to prevail
fame vehicle
this
much
indulgence to explain
critic.
In order to
this
church
fi-
niflicd
270
fettle-
ment
in that
employed, a young
nate if either his
of a miffionary
is
moil
eligible,
be-
and congregation of
his
own, and
in
is,
on that
with any
fettled
clergymen
the church.
The
firfl
and
inferior to
his
enemy
atleaft,
and
him
to fuch a
charge.
The
other, but
agreeable office,
that of an affiftant or
271
lefs,
helper's falary
is
commonly
becaufe he
at the
mercy of a
poor minifler
who
cannot afford
the
poor helper
is
fometimes
infupportable.
This
clafs
of
go
London, or elfewhere,
lot.
Providence may
order their
When
ful
one reads
in the Englifli
Review
na-
turally look
on the
office as infignificant,
and that a very learned but offended dignitary only could venture to
exprefs
himfelf
againft an
enemy
in fuch faftidious
terms as
L. B.
is
No
man would
who
has efcaped
ex-
272
impudent
yet
what
fliall
human heart,
real
it
mull: be con-
that the
when his name is given up, happens to be one who has fled from the above low rank, and who under a cover entertains the publick at the
reader
who
to enquire of the
Thomhis
from
own
him, feeing
could never
clergyman.
Upon
inference
the whole,
we
namely,
known
himfelf
by
in
down
is
to
lAditx
one
infallible
efpecially if
it
273
it is
impartially given to
it,
for or againft
a9 the
work
are a
as if
On
who
difgrace to
learned
profeffion,
confcious of
own want
of
abilities,
or falfehood.
And
up
this
is all
to
fill
their papers.
very
enough,
to
money
who
office,
fpoke re-
all
of them except
whofe in-
mance
refult
and
all this
owing
to the fortunate
difagreeable
274
difagreeable confequences
and he means
in
fine fpeaker,
and no
lefs
elegant writer,
;
as well
is
the
moil; infamous
of
all
animals,
no perfon
is
the
objedls of his
attaft
are either
or perfons indifferent
him.
The
firfi;
nefs,
the fecond,
if a plain
and
tears
good-naturfd perfon,
he roafis and
ei;
his fafefl
who
never did
as in
him he
ffreets,
with
who
lately
infelled
the
and flruck
terror
detedfed
ftabbing
275
ately fecured.
This TImon,
fays he,
Uke
a fe-
to take
up
his
to roar, grin,
tear,
For the
this oddity,
prefent,
however, we
fhali leave
to put in a
good word
for
one
more
of the
many
learned gentlemen
who
P.
lefs
dangerous,
Mr.
as well as a living
ad-
'
quoting a pafiage
AUedus,
an. 296.
Bri-
*
*
word
in the genitive
is
word ufed
in profe in that
'
way
(/. c.
adjediively).'
^7^
them
to
in
comwith
mon
with
many
Welch
writers,
who
when
Llhuyd, the
iirll:
every
man
what
him
who can-
ed
in
al-
lowed by
all to
be invulnerable, and by a
In profe
and
verfi-
that
Buchanan's bareitfelf
ftamp
it
if
the
learned
277
ancients or moderns.
How would
at
tliefe in-
jured
one
bite,
without
morfel,
Britannus^
a chriftian
will
name
commonly
wife to
is,
to a perfon,
be admitufed other-
when
men
in general, or
toother fubjedls,
I
main-
Mr. P.
that
it
cannot ftand in a
fentence
Britannicus.
rity as
To oppofe fo
a bold
an autho\
B.
is
undertaking indeed
in
Before
their fenfes
ventured to find fault with Buchanan refpefting his claffical knowledge, except the
foolifhly vain
who
his
own
tranllation of the
104th Pfalm to
Unicriti-
under
278
under the
title
o? Pocticum Duellum-y
jufl:
as
Mr.
P. has
foil Britanniy
being always
a fubftantive
a remark
below reproof.
title
of Poeticiun Duellum^
GuL
tiumy
et
de
ejufdem
FjgUfiemmi
mania,
^od carfnine
In
was
humour
left his
on B's
who
at
opponent's
fears as
flill
character
remain incurable
efpecially as
279
trial
was paiTed
it
fo decidedly
againll:
him,
namely, that
find in
would be more
tranilation
difficult to
Buchanan's
any verfcs
Robb
fays,
that the
elegance of
B.'s ftyle
was fuch
as
prefer Buchanan's tranilation even to the original in point of elegance and purity of
pofition.
comthat
Dr.
Abercrombie
writes,
fcholar,
and
judi-
fays,
Alterum
fed
antiquifjimus
equavit
viz. that B.
was
who
excelled
280
all
the
men
the
mod
of Scotland.
After fuch remarks,
it
would be fuperflufrom
far
ous in
me
to attempt a defenge of B.
is
beyond
my
his trifling
cenfure; but
correct
my real delign
P.'s vanity,
is,
if pofliblc, to
Mr.
accurate curfory
manner of reading
tells
many
thoufand volumes as he
the world he
Mac-
as having
no
library to lay
up
a flock of knowledge to
For undoubtedly
he would venture
his
own
reputation in
28i
otherwire
as
much an
are^
with
all
general
except
when fuch
adjedlives
e. g.
patria^
a fad thing,
Camden
fays, that
Bri^
fame thing
has
-,
man
the
and fuch
to
on his mind
tacitly)
make him
confefs
(at
leaft
is
which
worfe, ob~
him.felf,
and
fo
readers.
We
282
We fhall
num helium
lib. 5.
try
to be an
Otnnibus
ad Britan-
Comment.
Ut Bri-
tanni adfpemy
bant.
As
the
firft
laft
of thefe
is
an adjedtive, fo
mull: the
the conjundlion
therefore, milites
is
un-
Re-
gum
Mu-
feum.
7nagna
Ro?na-
fere putamusy
Britifh
ifle,
of the
Lucretius.
care Britannumy
Britifh
who oft
on
fea appeared,
Sidonius Appollinaris
claffe
Proculque fe ojienderit
Britannia per
Rhenum
288
-,
gientes
faltufque Britannos
avidius infeBantur,
vir
nobilis
veteri
Regum
terruit,
prognatus fanguine,
ijj.
Jona
JJJandiay p.
Indeque ad
page 204.
none,
et
Guep,
ibid,
208.
Aut
Britannas Aufonius
ibid,
page j ^2.
Eo nomine
ciis,
a Scotis et Britannis
commer-
frequentatam perThormond.Torfeum,
Merlinus,
Muf.
Infulis
Thulen accenfere Jonas Arngrimus Illandois Crymogea, homoBritannus loquens Richard viti ad Brotum, page 17. Certe
Britannis
ibid,
Ex
//^zV.
ordine publico
^^^6"
1
01.
Regum BriQuamobrem in
catalogo
i84
catalogo
Regum
Britannorum de
quos
Libris
libros
ibid,
Herculus
de
p,
122.
rum,
Auguftinus
facerdotum
ibid.
auxilio deflitutus,
^. p.
72.
Et
lib.
in
8.
ordine publico
Regum
Britannorum,
page jj.
narum fumpta,
So much for
convince
;
Mr. P. that Britanmis is an adjeftive but what fhall we fay refpeding his fkiil in poetry ? Ah, and alas it is to be feared
!
among the old Romans. We {hall however make the trial on a paifage quoted by him from the verfes
ties will
place
him
very low
adefl Scythitrijie, 1
1 1
cum
bracataqiie tiirbn
Getarum
th
Ultimo.
alfo correct
him
as well as B. by changing
to vulgus adeji
Thus,
and two
inftead
fliort in
Mr.
P. has
made
285
Ah
alas
Me mijerum ! woe is me
-,
Such an
we muft
therefore in-
in the plural
is
number of art
Fid.
noun
Rud^
protrahit
Ay ,
et Jimiil
O.
And
we muft obferve,
that a fubflantive
exercitus
an adjedlive
a fubftantive, as
nus,
pofTum
;
falli
ut
humais
pro ut
homo
that the
fingular
plural,
ut vidtor
etviceverfa,
TaB.Annal.
taken for
the derivative,
and
at times
the derivative
com-
pound.
286
to
become his
tea-
we
fhall refer
him
to
any fchoolmafter
he
any boy
he has
be mofl heartily
hexameters.
And
Mr.
it is
hoped that
P.
knowing but
that
he
fliarper
people be troubled with more of his unfupported and illiberal abufe of his fuperiors,
and fuch
at leaft
as never gave
let
him
who
cannot
reply or anfwer
him.
THE END.
of the feveral of the Beginning, Fifheries which have formerly been promoted in G. Bri Parts of the Empire In all which the tain, and in other wife management of the judicious undertakers fully appears to carry their laudable fchemes into execution, as well for the intereft of the kingdom at large, as their own advantage in particular. On the other hand, the rife and progrefs, and furprifing fuccefs of the Dutch, emerging gradually from their mud walls, and little boats, into lofty Ihips and fuperb palaces, cannot but ftrike us with aitonifhment, and even refpeil ; efpecially when we refleiSt that their low beginning and fevere oeconomy in the infancy of trade gradually elevated their High MightenefTes to equal molt, and furpafs many, of the greateft kingdoms in Europe, both in power and wealth J all moftly acquired from the fifh of Great Bri-
tain.
The
above
is
the condul of the Managers intrufted by the lately eftablilhed Company of Gentlemen for the encouraging the Britifh Fifhery, both for marking out the proper ftations, and the proper mode of erefbing villages in the Hebrides and north weft coait of Britain.
thefeifles,
flatters himfelf, that his long refidence in and other advantages on his fide,will enable him to place their fchemein a point of view that will not only be more juft, butalfo more convincing than any fpecula-
The Author
however plaufibiy wrote, either in the clofet, or otherwife, by men of ingenuity, to attract the attention of the Public \ many of them more calculated to amufe the Reader thaji benefit the nation at large, or the
tive plan,
Company concerned in particular in bringing about the wifhed foreffed. And J. L. B. hopes that the integrity of his intention, with his having a concern in the Company's faccefs will be fufficient apology if any unguarded but well meant expreffion fhould drop fiom his pen while
^vritijig
of
this
perplexed plan,