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ANS_A a low oil level in the shock absorber with correct gas pressure
ANS_A2
An aircraft has been stored on its wheels and one of it's tyres has
developed a flat spot. The tyre has a nylon casing. The recommended Which of the 1 creep 2 following faults can vibration be attributed to whilst taxying over inflation 3 uneven tyre wear In a simple disk brake system, the caliper assembly:
procedure taxy or move tyre would be to: the aircraft for a short distance and re-check the 4 rim chafing 1,2,3 5 high pressure bursts contains the operating piston, converting pressure into the brakes should be kept applied using the parking brake to prevent dirt and grit entering the gland assembly mechanical movement
ANS_B ANS_B2 a high gas pressure in the shock absorber, correct oil level deflate the tyre re-check the to 85% normal tyre working pressure, reinflate and 1,3,5
ANS_C2
CORRECT A
inflate the pressure and retyre to 150% check the tyre normal pressure, deflate to normal 2,3,5
The purpose of the absorber is to wiper ring in the : gland assembly of a shock
seals
is the lever used by the pilot to operate the brakes a clamp damage should be fitted round the brake shoes to prevent brake correct range prevent the inner cylinder leaked oil running down the fescalised portion of
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Tread rubber in reinforcement order to : involves extra plies moulded into the tread Tapered roller wheel bearings are designed to take which loads? A Twin Relief in order to: Valve is fitted in a typical Nosewheel Steering System
ANS_A ANS_A2 pressure provide an landing audible warning when almost at touchdown during stabilise the tread and prevent rippling High axial but Low radial
ANS_B2
ANS_C indicate landing gear locked up and locked down positions produce extra grip during braking
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
Allow the wheels to centralise before retraction can take place Axle mounted mechanical unit
Reduce the pressure applied to the steering system Rim mounted mechanical unit
Allow rapid ground castoring if the wheels strike obstacles on the Electronic frequency sensitive unit
the mainwheel
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ANS_A valve which The position of a valve is modified by the rate of change of kinetic energy to pressure energy absorb landing shocks
ANS_A2
The principle of unit is as operation of a rim follows: mounted mechanical antiskid The principle of to convert: operation of an oleo pneumatic shock absorber is An oleo pneumatic shock absorber is charged with NITROGEN mainly to: Which type of anti- the wheel skid system uses a rim? toothed exciter ring bolted to The lever suspension type of landing gear has:
ANS_C ANS_C2 wheel driven by A valve is wheel due to The inertia of decelerates operated by centrifugal a flywheel the change in force opens a valve pressure on when the the rubber wheel rapidly pressure pressure energy into energy into heat energy kinetic energy damp the recoil after absorbing a shock Frequency sensitive electronic unit a shock absorber as an integral part of the landing gear strut the recoil control device closing off maintain the oil viscosity
ANS_B2
CORRECT
Rim mounted mechanical unit a fixed steel strut which absorbs the landing shock
Voltage sensitive electronic unit a shock absorber mounted as a separate component on the leg compression of the gas
In an oleopneumatic shock absorber landing shocks are absorbed by: At the end of the
compression of the gas and restricted fluid transfer shock due to the
as the stored
as the stored
LINE_1 landing (compression) stroke, an oleopneumatic An oleo pneumatic shock absorber without separator NORMALLY has the The purpose of a ribbed tread pattern on an aircraft tyre is to:
LINE_2 absorber will extend (recoil) : correct amount of fluid in it when it is fully:
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ANS_A2
extended and the fluid level reaches the filler valve remove water from between the runway and tyre will have a higher wheel loading Essential services
ANS_B energy in the hydraulic fluid forces it to expand compressed and the fluid level reaches the filler valve reduce wheel drag, thus reducing skidding will have a lower wheel loading The landing gear Down Line an overheated rotor disk
ANS_B2
ANS_C2
CORRECT
A single or double wheel compared to a bogie arrangement: Hydraulic nose wheel steering is usually powered from: Which of the on a hydraulic following faults is disk brake? most likely to cause brake binding To minimise creep a "Tubeless Tyre" wheel will normally have:
compressed way up the outer and the fluid cylinder level reaches the witness mark half enable the aircraft to operate from grass runways will be inflated to a higher pressure The landing gear Up line
LINE_1 What is the purpose of the clutch in the axle mounted, MECHANICAL The brake system is often linked to the landing gear retraction
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ANS_A It gradually absorbs the high starting torque Applied when the gear is retracted
ANS_A2
A Rim Driven mechanical antiskid unit has a code RAM. This means In a geometric over-centre DOWN lock, the landing gear is prevented In a hydraulically actuated retraction system, the UP lock is
mechanism to give automatic control so that the brakes are: that the unit:
ANS_B To allow the flywheel to over-run when the wheel starts to skid Released as the gear is retracted
ANS_B2
ANS_C It releases the brake pressure in a skid OFF when the gear is locked up and applied when it starts to is fitted on the Right, rotates Anticlockwise and uses the weight of the aircraft acting on one or more linkages to hydraulic pressure from the down line and released by spring
ANS_C2
CORRECT A
lower
Rotates Anticlockwise and Modulates the brakes the weight of the aircraft acting on the weight switches spring down line pressure and released by hydraulic pressure from the Apply the brakes and check retraction pin protrusion
spring line pressure and released by hydraulic pressure from the up measure the retraction pin protrusion with brakes released
pressure
Release plate and the brakes and cylinder measure the distance between the pressure
LINE_1 In a modern Multiplate brake unit, the rotors are normally: In a typical hydraulic, powered steering system, castoring of the In a typical fixed disk, moving caliper brake unit, the disk will be
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ANS_A keyed to the torque tube and rotate with the wheel the control valve is centralised
ANS_A2
ANS_B keyed to the wheel and the stators rotate between them the steering tiller is moved fully clockwise bolted to the wheel
ANS_B2
keyed into the torque plate wheel and the caliper rigidly bolted to the
The maximum amount of creep allowed on a tyre and tube assembly with When the landing gear UP locks release prior to lowering the gear Brinelling of a wheel bearing cup is caused by : A twin contact tyre is used on the nosewheels of some aircraft to:
1"
1.5"
ANS_C ANS_C2 keyed to the wheel and rotate between the stators the undercarriage is selected UP bolted to the wheel torque plate and the caliper rotating with the unlimited
CORRECT C
green to red
out to red
red to out
the bearing cup rotating inside the wheel reduce wear when operating from paved
repeated shock loading of the bearing deflect spray from wet runways from rear mounted
LINE_2 checked on the ground (when the aircraft is not jacked up) by:
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ANS_A ANS_A2 runways measuring the the extension and maintenance comparing manual with the stated figure in
ANS_B2
The type of wheel shown in the diagram is: What is the recommended maintenance procedure for a suspected The maintenance schedule shows that the wheel bolts on a divided
well based
split hub
ANS_C ANS_C2 CORRECT engines measuring pressure/extension C the pressure graph and extension and comparing with a loose flange A
Check for serviceable transfer of friction material and if OK the unit is critical due to stress corrosion
Remove unit rebuild from aircraft, dismantle, inspect for damage and increased
Aircraft landing wheels are usually made from: Phosphor Bronze gauze separators are fitted on drum brakes to: Glazed discs will normally cause the
MAGNESIUM or ALUMINIUM alloy improve the efficiency of the brake shoes SQUEAL
NICKEL alloy
LINE_1 brake unit to: When checking an overheated disc brake for defects, the transfer of
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ANS_A2
ANS_B2
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
friction material between rotors and stators is: Which of the 1 Light weight following features 2 Long life 3 apply to Carbon High Brakes? maintenance costs Anti-rattle springs are used in some disc brake applications to: In a tri-metallic to: disc brake, the sintered facing is usually applied When pressure bleeding light aircraft brakes, pressure is applied: In a modern Multiplate brake unit, the stators are normally: A "Ground Lock" is a device fitted to
4 Poor high All of them temperature strength 5 Disc warping is eliminated restrict the axial movement of the discs both stators and rotors
1, 2, 5
1, 3, 5
stators only
separate rotors and stators when brakes are not applied rotors only
keyed to the torque tube and rotate with the wheel While the aircraft is on
keyed to the torque tube & carry friction linings on each side To prevent movement of
using the normal aircraft hydraulic system keyed to the wheel and rotate between the rotors Which automatically
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ANS_A2
pad is found maintenance Replace that to have lost manual. You pad only material should: beyond the limit stated in the The advantages of Are easier to a bogie landing stow and gear are that they: absorb greater landing shocks In an internal (integral) down lock, the leg will not retract An aircraft may utilise a "Twin Contact" tyre in order to: The normal procedure to be taken when tightening the axle nut on a Retraction of the landing gear may wheel you have just fitted is to: until the: Locking piston tongues is released by movement of the locking minimise the effects of spray or debris into tail mounted Apply the brakes, tighten the nut to the specified torque Torque Link engines
ANS_B the gear selector once DOWN is selected Replace all the pads on that stator
ANS_B2
ANS_C locks the landing gear when fully extended Replace the complete heat pack
ANS_C2
CORRECT
Are lighter and taxying allow a tighter turn of the aircraft when Down lock micro-switch is operated
Provide greater braking efficiency and safety Locking piston tongues are released by movement of the locking reduce the possibility of "shimmy"
and then release the brakes and lock the axle nut.
Release brakes and tighten the nut whilst rotating the wheel Down Lock
When the wheel starts to bind back off the nut and lock it.
Tighten nut to Manual. Then torque value back off one turn as stated in and lock. the Maintenance Up Lock
LINE_1 be prevented by a micro-switch In a hydraulic retraction system, the leg is prevented from lowering The uplocks in a hydraulically operated landing gear retraction The weight of the aircraft acting on one or more links in the
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ANS_A
ANS_A2
ANS_B
ANS_B2
ANS_C
ANS_C2
CORRECT
system are:
he has lowered the landing gear at too high an airspeed Tubeless tyres are in weight 2 cheap to 5 the casing used on aircraft there is cooler produce 4 a air seal is not because : 1 there running by puncture will affected by is a saving about 10% 3 not cause dampness the tyre is the tyre to burst Tubeless tyres are a wheel restrained from TAPERED creeping by: BEAD SEAT
retraction is true in: mechanism prevents the landing gear collapsing. This indicates that:
Applied by from the pressure from down line the up line and released by pressure All DOWN locks
Hydraulically spring released by applied pressure from the down line and Geometric over-centre locks
hydraulic pressure preventing the DOWN lock releasing Hydraulically applied released by pressure from the up line and spring Electrically actuated landing gear retraction systems only
that he has retarded the throttle to below one third with the Which of the above statements is true?
landing gear That he has landing gear still still up retarded the up throttle to below two thirds with the a. 1,2,3,4,5 c. 2,3,4,5 b. 1,2,4,6
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ANS_A Protect the bead seat area from damage after creep
ANS_A2
ANS_B2
Venting of a assembled to tubeless tyre takes the wheel the place in three first stage: stages. When When fitting a bearing cup (RACE) into an aluminium alloy wheel: The wear indicater indicates: pin on a multi-plate segmented rotor brake unit Small cuts in the cords but do tread rubber of an not damage aircraft tyre which them: expose the Copper disks may be used in some aircraft brakes:
lasts for about tyre 20 minutes after initial inflation of the the bearing drift cup should be driven in with a copper cylindrical the total wear on the stators
is caused by air escaping from the bead seat the wheel may period be immersed in boiling water for a limited individual wear on each stator
ANS_C of the wheel Protect the tyre from the effect of concussion damage is caused by permeability of the air retaining lining it is assembled at normal temperature using a press the total wear on the whole heat pack may continue in service with no action taken
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
require the tyre to be removed and returned for retreading in preference may be used to steel disks at higher because they temperatures conduct better and The bearing on the ends
When inspecting
roller which is
because copper is a good conductor, but not they are not as The bearing is
effective at with structural good conductor high carbon brake temperatures pads as steel because disks copper is such a colour of The bearing
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The locked wheel protects protection in an against: electronic anti-skid control box Anti-skid systems are fitted to aircraft:
ANS_A ANS_A2 may be used of the roller provided there is no discolouration the system the ground being used when the full aircraft weight is not on to counteract aquaplaning on wet runways The complete set of pads must be replaced prevent scuffing of the sidewall Melt to help the wheel & tyre self-seal when there is a leak date of manufacture
ANS_B ANS_B2 serviceable as wheel this is the bearing natural temper rollers the pressure being fully dumped when the aircraft touches down for use only in icing conditions
ANS_C2
CORRECT
What action is necessary if a single friction pad in a multi-pad The purpose of a chine on an aircraft tyre is to: Fusible plugs are fitted to many modern aircraft wheels to:
The affected pad may be cleaned with trichloroethane deflect water & debris from rear mounted engines help reduce static charges built up in the aircraft ply rating
to maximise brake efficiency in all runway conditions The affected pad must be replaced
The sidewall of a The 6.75 tyre carries the refers to the: following markings 6.75-10
LINE_1 A grey or green spot on the sidewall of a tyre indicates: Whilst carrying out a pressure extension check on an GAS/OIL shock
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strut, without jacking the aircraft, you INCREASE the extension of The undercarriage remains ON. is locked up, but Which of the the position following indicator red light could be the fault? Excessive wear on wear on the BOTH shoulders crown is an of a tyre with a indication of : minimum amount of Aircraft brakes work by converting: The following marking is found on the sidewall of a tyre On many large aircraft, the NOSE wheels are stopped from 26 x 12.00 10. The - 10 indicates the: after take-off by:
ANS_A the REMOULD number i.e. 1st or Second remould INCREASE and the OIL pressure will decrease
ANS_A2
ANS_B2
ANS_C2
CORRECT B
incorrect camber
Potential energy into Kinetic energy outside diameter of the tyre auto-braking systems controlled by the weight-on
cross sectional width of the tyre a brake pad in the nosewheel bay roof
Kinetic energy into rotational energy inside diameter of the tyre the operation of the normal aircraft brakes
LINE_1 LINE_2 rotating The retraction order of large aircraft undercarriage legs and doors: A pitch (or Hop) One of it's damper is often primary uses used on large is to: bogie undercarriages. On a modern large aircraft equipped with a bogie carriage. Which of
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ANS_A ANS_A2 wheels switch is not essential selected provided they all retract and extend when Control the rate of extension and retraction of the gear downlock jack retracts
ANS_B is normally controlled by micro-switches and proximity switches Dampen the vibrations caused by bumpy runways during taxying Main leg retraction jack operates
ANS_B2
ANS_C
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
is normally valves controlled by mechanical or hydraulic sequence Dampen the MAIN shock when the aircraft lands
the following when the actions would landing gear normally is retracted? occur before BOTH of the others systems in order to:
ensure the brake brake pressure temperature remains constant regardless of the transfer the forces from the operating pistons to the disc pack slowly with the valve core
The pressure plate on a multi-disc brake unit is used to: The initial inflation of a new tubeless
ensure the brake clearance remains constant as wear takes place rotate with the braking force wheel between the stators and provide the quickly with the valve core
allow the conditions braking force to remain constant for differing runway attach the brake unit to the axle and accept torque loads quickly with the valve
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ANS_A removed
ANS_A2
ANS_B2
ANS_C2
CORRECT
When removing a calipers: wheel from an aircraft with a single disc brake A landing gear audible warning normally operates when: A tyre will fail a duration pressure test if it loses more than: A bogie wheel arrangement compared to a single or double wheel: A nose landing on a live axle gear arrangement is used to: of two wheels mounted side by side The purpose of a ensure that:
Any groove is worn to 2mm over 25% of the circumference the brake on the caliper must landing gear first be strut removed from it's fitting the gear is lowered at high speed
2.5% of it's pressure in the first 5 hours will have a higher wheel loading
the disc must be removed from the wheel before the wheel is one or more landing gear units is not locked DOWN when the 10% of it's pressure in the first 12 hours will have a lower wheel loading
removed the brakes from the axle must be applied and the wheel and caliper throttles are the landing less than gear fails to one third lock UP open 2.5% of it's pressure in the second 12 hours will be inflated to a higher pressure damp out shimmy
achieve castoring
assist steering
all
the nose
movement of order
LINE_1 sequence valve in an undercarriage circuit is to The landing gear position indicator is operated by the: When filling with oil, an oleo pneumatic shock absorber strut with a One major reason for using a lever suspension (articulated) nose
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ANS_A undercarriages retract together up and down lock micro witches at the top of it's stroke with full nitrogen pressure the shock absorber is an integral part of the leg
ANS_A2
ANS_B undercarriage retracts before the main oleo leg compression switches at the bottom of it's stroke with no nitrogen pressure the stroke of the shock absorber equals the wheel movement out to red
ANS_B2
ANS_C the landing gear and the doors are in the correct hydraulic sequence valves at any position, it will not affect the oil level torque links are not necessary
ANS_C2
CORRECT
When the landing gear DOWN locks release prior to raising the gear, Undercarriage Ground Locks are normally:
green to red
red to out
electrically operated when the aircraft lands an example of a direct action oleo pneumatic shock
selected by the pilot when the aircraft stops a cantilever type undercarriage
LINE_1 Which of the following statements is correct concerning segmented A red light indication on a landing gear unit which is down and The fixed main undercarriage, as fitted to the Cessna 150 in the To prevent cracking in the highly stressed bead seat region of the The two-way relief valve in a hydraulic nose wheel steering system On a TUBE, a painted RED or YELLOW band would indicate:
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correctly locked would most likely be caused by: workshop is an example of: wheel, it will normally:
ANS_A ANS_A2 absorber They should area be rejected if any cracks are found in the central an incorrectly adjusted uplock micro switch an oleo pneumatic shock absorber be a minimum of two inches thick
ANS_B They should be rejected if they show any sign of heat shrinkage an incorrectly adjusted down-lock micro switch a cantilever type undercarriage
ANS_B2
ANS_C
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
Their design likely to warp due allows thinner to excessive heat rotors to be used which are less the throttle in the closed position a bogie type undercarriage
ensures steering is centralised before retracting the position of the HEAVY spot of the tube moves inwards as wear takes place
have a retaining minimum flange internal radius of half an inch at the bead ensures steering will not operate when the gear is retracted the LIGHT spot of the tube
permits rapid castoring if one wheel hits a runway obstruction that the tube was of NATURAL rubber construction does not indicate brake wear
LINE_1 adjuster on a multi Complete wheel and tyre assemblies should be stored: Ageing cracks (crazing) on the sidewall of a tyre would render the Excessive wear on both shoulders of a tyre would be caused by using Auto-braking is installed on some aircraft to: Nitrogen must be used to inflate tyres on landing gear if the
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ANS_A vertically in racks at normal working pressure they extend around the complete sidewall has incorrect toe-in
ANS_A2
ANS_B ANS_B2 place horizontally in working stacks, not pressure exceeding four high, at normal any of the sidewall cords are exposed has incorrect camber
ANS_C vertically in racks at about one third working pressure they are concentrated in a localised area is under inflated
ANS_C2
CORRECT C
aircraft has a Maximum Total Weight Authorised (M.T.W.A.) above: The oil in the liquid used to: spring (oil compression) shock absorber is When assembling use of a: a wheel, the bearing cup must NOT be fitted by the
reduce the pilot's workload 5700kg and the wheel is braked and retractable
shorten stopping distances 2730kg and the wheel is braked and retractable
Fibre drift
LINE_1 LINE_2 When checking is necessary the condition of an to refer to a oleo pneumatic graph of: shock absorber, it Well based (drop centre) wheels:
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The restriction of oil flow in an oleo pneumatic shock absorber is In the oleo pneumatic shock absorber, with separator, the landing Torque links may be fitted to a main landing gear to:
at it's greatest:
ANS_A internal pressure against extension are NORMALLY used with TUBELESS tyres during compression of the strut friction in the piston gland assembly
ANS_A2
ANS_B overall length against ambient temperature are generally used on LARGE aircraft during extension of the strut compression of the oil
ANS_B2
ANS_C oil volume against extension are NORMALLY used with TUBED tyres under static load conditions further compression of the nitrogen limit the total extension of the oleo Inflate the leg with gas until the extension is 10"
ANS_C2
CORRECT A
slow the rate of oleo extension of 450 psi, extension 10". You should: Increase the gas pressure to the value equivalent to an duration test extension of 6" on the graph.
When checking the gas the pressure 450 pressure/extension psi, extension of an gas/oil strut, 6". The graph you find shows a pressure After fitting a new assembly tubeless tyre to a should be mainwheel LEAK tested assembly, the by carrying
prevent the sliding portion of the oleo from rotating Decrease the 6" on the pressure to a graph value equivalent to an extension of proof pressure test
LINE_1 An in service tyre should be rejected if it has a cut which: A typical manual extension/free fall undercarriage system may have a The pilot of an aircraft fitted with oleo pneumatic shock absorbers
LINE_2 out a:
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ANS_A2
ANS_B2
ANS_C extends more than 75% across a tread rib switch off the E.D.P.
ANS_C2
CORRECT B
bye pass valve incorporated. Its purpose is to: reports excessive rolling on the right hand side during taxying. The When a retractable (neither fully undercarriage is in up or fully it's mid travel down), which position lights will be lit in the The master cylinder in a simple light aircraft wheel brake unit: The landing gear wheel arrangement with the lowest wheel loading B.C.A.R's state is the:
connect the up side and down side of the operating jacks probable air pressure cause of this too high is :
position indicator?
Red only
None
converts hydraulic pressure into brake force at the brake unit Bogie
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The primary is to: purpose of a drag strut, fitted in a main undercarriage On large aircraft, because they Bogie are able to: arrangement undercarriages are used, mainly When removing a wheel from an aircraft, a thread protector:
ANS_A ANS_A2 hydraulic down pressure is maintained to hold the resist side load caused by side winds and turning
ANS_B irrespective of hydraulic system design assist in the retraction of the undercarriage
ANS_B2
minimise shimmy
spread the increased weight over a large area should be period of fitted if the maintenance wheel is to be left removed for a long to provide a greater braking surface and cooler operation main wheels must be rotated by hand and stopped suddenly
ANS_C if the position of the undercarriage is visible resist braking and acceleration loads during takeoff/landing assist in making turning manoeuvres if available should be fitted before the wheel is removed to permit easier maintenance (they may be changed singly) wheel brakes must be ON, aircraft either on or off jacks
ANS_C2
CORRECT
if available should be fitted immediately the wheel is removed To limit distortion due to heat
wheel must be jacked clear of the ground and the brakes OFF
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ANS_A ANS_A2 The brakes removal should be selected off to prevent binding during Anodising followed by three coats of epoxy paint has the same serial number
An aluminium alloy wheel will be protected from corrosion by : In a divided wheel, each half wheel:
ANS_B ANS_B2 The brakes fits easily should be applied to ensure the replacement wheel Chromate immersion followed by three coats of epoxy paint has the same part number
ANS_C the position of the wheel should be marked in relation with Three coats of epoxy paint only
CORRECT B
A tyre on the rear axle of a bogie landing gear bursts when the
Replace the burst tyre wheel and the other wheel on the axle should be deflated using a deflation valve, left until all the airspeed is too high ice formation has melted and the valve core removed
has a different part number and serial number Replace all wheels on the bogie
aircraft is warning is descending to that: land. The most likely reason for this
should be until all ice deflated using formation has a deflation melted valve cap and left the rate of descent is too high
may be pressure is below B deflated by 40 p.s.i. removing the valve core if the tyre the landing C gear is not locked down