DIMENSIONS

Sample Unit
(All measurements in millimeters)

CAN Bus Air Inlet

ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS

High density and scalable lithium ion battery systems for hybrids and EVs. A cassette-based architecture uses proprietary air-cooling technology with integrated battery management electronics and software.

BENEFITS
Integrated battery management electronics and software (BMS) Class-leading packing density

FEATURES
High efficacy forced air cooling and cells are sealed from cooling air Developed for applications with high functional safety requirements (ISO 26262) Proprietary BMS design utilizes specified electronics parts from certified suppliers Management of pouch cells for lifetime with compression and corrosion prevention Chemistry-specific SOC, SOH, and SOP estimation and communication over CAN network Externally powered BMS for true 0 quiescent current in storage Firmware built on safe real-time operating system CAN and Diagnostics communication with up to 1Mb/sflash memory logging of fault events Integrates with Missions pack-level controller for pack electrical and safety management

Novel air cooling design minimizes parts and reduces complexity of final battery pack Missions architecture reuses all major components across vehicle programs Module scalable for number of cells and cell size based on pack requirements Safe and reliable: tested to UN 38.3, ISO, and SAE durability, safety and abuse standards. Module-to-Module balance control in pack architecture

CUSTOMIZABLE FEATURES
Module cassette technology applicable to different size pouch cell Module scalable to number of cells, 1-parallel, 2p, or 4p cell connections Air inlet from cabin, ambient, or sealed pack with heat exchanger to refrigerant Pack IP rating and case design

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
Example 24-cell Battery Module*
EV Module Number of Cells Cell Cathode Cell Anode Energy Storage Module Weight Peak Power, HPPC 10s Continuous Power 24 Li[NiCoMn]O2 Graphite 1.75 kWh 14 kg 15 kW 4 kW 123 Wh/kg Energy Density Packing Factor by Volume** 175 Wh/L 55% PHEV Module 24 LiFePO4 Graphite 1.9 kWh 17.9 kg 27 kW 7.5 kW 106 Wh/kg 145 Wh/L 58%

HIGH EFFICACY AIR COOLING

Example 24-cell Battery Module
Coolant Fluid Min / Max Inlet Temperature Flow Rate Max Module Pressure Drop Forced Air, Cabin or Ambient -30 C / 50 C 0.5 - 1.0 CFM per battery cell 1.5 Inches H20

ENVIRONMENT & REGULATORY

Example 24-cell Battery Module
Min / Max Ambient Temperature per ISO 16750-4 International Protection Grade per DIN 40050-9 Durability UN 38.3, ISO 16750, SAE J2464/2929 ESD & EMC ISO 10605, CISPR-25, ISO 11452-2 & -4, ISO 7637-2, SAE J1113 "E") IP 52 (Module only) -40 C / 80 C (Temp Range

*All performance specications are rated at air inlet of 22 C at 1 CFM per battery cell, and SOC = 50%. **Packing factor determined by end-of-life cell volume versus overall module dimensions, including module air-plenums and BMS electronics.

BATTERY MANAGEMENT ELECTRONICS

Example 24-cell Battery Module
Number of Cells per BMS Node CAN Protocol Balancing Temperature sensing State of Charge/Health/Power 12V GPIO 12V Supply Standards 4-24 Cells CAN 2.0B up to 1 Mbps per SAE J1939/J2284 Cell-Level Bleed Balancing Up to 1 thermistor per 4 cells Adaptive least-squared error estimator with current sensor bias correction 6 channels
ENERGY DENSITY [Wh/L]

Safety and Abuse

SAE J2464/2929, UN 38.3, IEC 62281, ISO/CD 12405-2, UL 2580

MODULE RAGONE
200 A 160 B 120 80 MM EV Air-cooled MM PHEV Air-cooled C

ISO 16750-2, SAE J1445

PACK ARCHITECTURE
SOC, SOH, SOP at pack level

24-CELL PHEV MODULE: 10S PULSE POWER

Example 24-cell Battery Module

Master pack BMS calculates and broadcasts

FreedomCAR HPPC at 23C (Preliminary)

POWER [KW] 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 DEPTH OF DISCHARGE [%] 10s REGEN PULSE CAPABILITY 10s DISCHARGE PULSE CAPABILITY

D E

40 0 0

Active HV bus precharge and discharge compliant with SAE J1766 Current sensing with hardware negative and positive overcurrent Ground Fault Interrupt Detection Circuit with <2s max detection time Hardware control of contactors based on Hazardous Voltage Interlock Loop

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

POWER DENSITY [W/L] COMPANY A PHEV Water-Cooled COMPANY C PHEV Water-Cooled COMPANY B EV Air-Cooled COMPANY D EV No-Cooling

COMPANY E PHEV Air-Cooling

BATTERY - 7