Predisposing Factors

- genetics - age - geography and ethnicity -sex

glial cells in the brain

cellular mutation

cellular mutation

iniation

- chromosomal translocation - chromosomal amplification - chromosomal change - gene silencing

carcinogenens alter DNA of cell

promotion

cellular abberration

abnormalities in cell cycle control

uncontrolled growth

signs and sypmtoms

- receptive aphasia, partial seizures with no loss of consciousness with somatosensory manifestations, visual field changes, ataxia, , manifestations of increased ICP, tinnitus, recent memeory impairment, headache

tumor growth

progression

progression

cells undergo neoplstci transformation

increased size

grow to different parts of

brain compressed

alteration in the blood flow - mannitol - ceftrioxone - co-trimoxazole -dexamethasone

cerebral edema

diazepam

increased ICP

if not treated

cerebral ischemia

malignant neoplasm

cerebral hypoxia

angiogenesis

inflammation

invasion to lymphatic and blood vessels

cerebral edema

arrest in capillary bed organs

no room for expansion

transport interaction with other blood elements

brain herniation

adherenence to tumor cells

cardiac/ respiratory

DEATH

metastasis

Prescipitating Factors - diet - ilness - injuries -allergies -substance abuse - ionizing radiation

glial cells in the brain

cellular mutation

cellular mutation

iniation

inogenens alter DNA of cell

aptosis

SURGICAL OPTION FOR DIAGNOSIS AND EXCISION - craniotomy

- brain mapping technique - cortical mapping - direct cortical stimulation - erameless stereotactic localizations system - intraoperative sonography - intraoperative imaging techniques - stereotactic surgery - embolization - laser surgery - neuro-endoscopic techniques - polymer wafer implants - ultrasonic aspirator

medications
- vitamin k - ranitidine (NPO) - ferrous sulfate - atropine sulfate - ceftrioxone -dexamethasone

-diazepam - mefenamic acid - tramadol

signs and symptoms - weakness, or paralysis in one part on one side of the body, nausea and vomiting, loss of balance, numbness and tingling, fever, cough

paracetamol sulbactam

LEGEND:
SIGNS AND SYPMTOMS MANIFESTED BY CLIENT

MEDICATIONS

SURGICAL INTERVENTION

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

NURSING DIAGNOSIS Risk for ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion related to edema or bleeding after craniotomy - Ineffective coping related to fear of changes in body image, role performance or life expectancy. - Anxiety related to uncertain future prognosis. - Risk for disturbed thought processes related to neurologic changes from edema or surgical excision of sections of brain or tumor. - Anticipatory grieving related to potential loss of function, previous abilities or life from brain cancer or surgery.