LGEC072: REMOTE CONTROL BASED AC FAN SPEED CONTROLLER INTRODUCTION: A household appliance including a fan speed controller, and

a method of controlling fan speed of a household appliance, are provided. The system includes a fan speed controller that cut a voltage to the fan motor, measures an electromotive force (EMF) of the fan motor at a predetermined time after the cutting of the voltage to the fan motor, and compares the measured electromotive force (EMF) to a table. Fan speed controller is based on adjusting the voltage which gets to the fan. Fan speed controller has been possible for many decades by using adjustable power resistors and adjustable transformers. Those methods have been used in movie theatres, stages and other public places. The power electronics have proceeded quickly since 1960. Between 19601970 thyristors and triacs came to market. Using those components it was quite easy to make small and inexpensive light dimmers which have good efficiency. Electronics controlling also made possible to make them easily controllable from remote location. This type of electronic light dimmers became available after 1970 and is nowadays used in very many locations like homes, restaurants, conference rooms and in stage lighting. AC controlled fan speed controller uses a low AC voltage to adjust the fans speed. AC CONTROLLED LIGHT DIMMER FEATURES

simple brightness control by means of a AC circuit voltage has optically isolated adjustment input pre-set adjustment for full brightness suitable for incandescent lights, mains voltage halogen lighting and low voltage halogen lighting in combination with a conventional transformer "soft start" feature to ensure lamp longevity light dimmer LED status indication

BLOCK DIAGRAM TRANSMITTING SECTION & RECEIVING SECTION: RF TRANSMITTER

ENCODER

KEYPAD

ANTENNA

RECEIVER SECTION & RECEIVING SECTION:

RF RECEIVER

DECODER (HT12D)

AC FAN

ANTENNA

MICROCONTROLLER

TRIAC

LCD

DESCRIPTION:

This project can be classified into two sections: 1. Transmitting section 2. Receiving section

Transmitting section comprises of RF transmitter , encoder and antenna .Here as we press the button provided on the remote the signals will be generated which are encoded with the help of encoder and transmitted using antenna , On the other side, receiver section comprises of RF receiver, decoder, Microcontroller, TRIAC. At this end, the signals will be received, decoded and send to the microcontroller which is acting as a control panel. Now on the basis of input signals execution takes place and output is generated which is given to the TRIAC and the task of controlling the speed of fan is performed. COMPONENT DETAILS MICROCONTROLLER The microcontroller used here is a common 8 bit Atmel microcontroller AT89s8253.It is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with12K bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash program memory and 2K bytes of EEPROM data memory. It has 32 programmable input output lines. FEATURES: 12K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Program Memory SPI Serial Interface for Program Downloading Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2K Bytes EEPROM Data Memory Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2.7V to 5.5V Operating Range Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz (in x1 and x2 Modes) Three-level Program Memory Lock 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines Three 16-bit Timer/Counters Nine Interrupt Sources Enhanced UART Serial Port with Framing Error Detection and Automatic Address Recognition

TRIAC: TRIAC, from Triode for Alternating Current, is a genericized trade name for an electronic component that can conduct current in either direction when it is triggered (turned on), and is formally called a bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor. TRIACs belong to the thyristor family and are closely related to Silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR). However, unlike SCRs, which are unidirectional devices (i.e. can conduct current only in one direction), TRIACs are bidirectional and so current can flow through them in either direction. Another difference from SCRs is that TRIACs can be triggered by either a positive or a negative current applied to its gate electrode, whereas SCRs can be triggered only by currents going into the gate. In order to create a triggering current, a positive or negative voltage has to be applied to the gate with respect to the A1 terminal (otherwise known as MT1). Once triggered, the device continues to conduct until the current drops below a certain threshold, called holding current. The bi-directionality makes TRIACs very convenient switches for AC circuits, also allowing them to control very large power flows with mill ampere-scale gate currents. In addition, applying a trigger pulse at a controlled phase angle in an AC cycle allows one to control the percentage of current that flows through the TRIAC to the load (phase control), which is commonly used, for example, in controlling the speed of low-power induction motors, in dimmering lamps and in controlling AC heating resistors APPLCATIONS

This system can be installed anywhere for controlling the speed of light. It can be used in house, hotels, offices etc.