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III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
HEAT TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. What are the various important heat treatment processes? Discuss in detail, the
principle of operation of these heat treatment processes. Also explain the advan-
tages, limitations and applications of these heat treatment processes. [16]
2. (a) What is white layer in Nitriding process? What is dual-phase layer? What
are its advantages and disadvantages? How do you decrease/remove the white
layer? Explain.
(b) Can you use some other methods to avoid the formation of white layer. Explain
them in detail. [11+5]
(a) Explain the effect of the alloying elements on the properties of steels.
(b) Write a short notes on Austenetic stabilizers. [11+5]
5. (a) What is maraging? How is the strength increased in such steels which are free
of carbon?
(b) How is the composition selected for such steel?
(c) Explain the role of cobalt in such steels? [7+5+4]
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 1
(a) NIMONIC - 90
(b) UDIMET - 700
(c) HASTELLOY -X. [16]
8. What is a salt bath furnace? Explain the working principle of salt bath furnaces.
Discuss in general the advantages and disadvantages of salt bath furnaces? [16]
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
HEAT TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. (a) Define tempering. What are the main aims of tempering? What is the driving
force for tempering? Explain the various stages in any tempering process.
(b) What is secondary hardening in alloy steels? Which type of elements cause
this effect? Explain them. [10+6]
2. (a) What is cryoforming? Explain how Austenitic stainless steels, semi Austenitic
steels be further strengthened by cryoforming process.
(b) Explain why Ausformed steels have high strength to weight ratio. [10+6]
3. (a) The maximum solid solubility of carbon in delta iron (BCC) is more than
alpha iron (BCC). Why? Explain.
(b) Normally, allotrophy in iron is caused often with the change in temperature.
Does the change of pressure also cause allotrophy? Explain. Give one example.
(c) Show by calculation how many unit cells of gamma iron approximately share
one carbon atom when it has maximum solid solubility at 11470 C. [6+5+5]
5. (a) What are stainless steels? Give a typical composition and the uses of the
various types of stainless steels. Why these steels are stainless? Explain.
(b) Is it possible to harden 18% cr-8% Ni steel by heat treatment? Explain. [11+5]
6. (a) What is malleable cast iron? What are the characteristic properties of mal-
leable cast iron?
(b) Explain why malleable iron is made only from hypo eutectic cast iron?
(c) Give the typical composition of white cast iron to produce malleable cast iron?
(d) Explain the malleabilizing treatment given to white iron castings? [5+2+3+6]
(a) NIMONIC - 90
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 2
(b) UDIMET - 700
(c) HASTELLOY -X. [16]
8. Distinguish between:
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
HEAT TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
(a) Ausforming
(b) Isoforming
(c) Cryoforming. [6+5+5]
5. (a) Why stainless steels are not stainless in reducing atmosphere? Explain.
(b) Why welded austenitic stainless steels, if heated to 10500 C-11000 C and quenched
do not show weld decay? Explain.
(c) ‘Presence of Niobium or titanium in austenitic stainless steels does not allow
weld decay in them’. Justify the statement with proper reasoning. [5+6+5]
6. (a) Explain how the properties of grey cast Iron can be varied.
(b) Compare and contrast with reference to composition, microstructure and prop-
erties of the following.
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 3
i. grey cast iron
ii. malleable iron and
iii. nodular iron. [6+10]
8. With the help of neat sketches explain the following types of heat treatment fur-
naces.
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
HEAT TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. What are the various important heat treatment processes? Discuss in detail, the
principle of operation of these heat treatment processes. Also explain the advan-
tages, limitations and applications of these heat treatment processes. [16]
3. (a) The maximum solid solubility of carbon in delta iron (BCC) is more than
alpha iron (BCC). Why? Explain.
(b) Normally, allotrophy in iron is caused often with the change in temperature.
Does the change of pressure also cause allotrophy? Explain. Give one example.
(c) Show by calculation how many unit cells of gamma iron approximately share
one carbon atom when it has maximum solid solubility at 11470 C. [6+5+5]
6. Distinguish between black heart malleable cast iron and white heart malleable cast
Iron with regard to microstructure, properties, and applications. How are these
cast Irons are produced? [16]
Particularly based on: Nature and energy of the interfaces with the matrix and
Coherency strains. [6+5+5]
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Code No: R05311803 Set No. 4
8. What are the important parts of a heat treatment furnace? Critically explain the
design considerations for the design of the parts of heat treatment furnaces? [16]
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