Code No: RR321002 Set No.

1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
OPTO ELECTRONIC AND LASER INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Briefly explain about the optical fibre construction details and show a figure for
transmission of light rays and discuss about the refractive index distribution
with a graph.
(b) Write the equations for the total internal reflection of the light rays in a optical
fibre cable and derive the expression for the Numerical Aperture of the fibre.
[8+8]

2. (a) What is the necessity of optical fibers in communication explain the steps in-
volved in developing a communication system using optical fibers with figures.
(b) List out the applications of optical fibers in Instrumentation and explain the
operation of one instrument using optical fibers with a figure. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain Mode tracking. Get the expression for pulse duration and peak in-
tensity of output pulse.
(b) Explain the basic principle of operation of lasers. Bring out their applications
in various fields. Point out the disadvantages if any. [8+8]

4. (a) With a neat diagram explain the interferometric method of measurement of

length.
(b) Write in detail about IR sources. [8+8]

5. (a) Differentiate between an extrinsic and intrinsic fiber optic sensor.

(b) Describe the arrangement and working of an optical fiber liquid level detector.
(c) Explain how the above sensor is superior over the other liquid level sensors.
[5+5+6]

6. With neat diagrams explain the following applications of lasers in detail :

(a) Lasers in material processing.

(b) Laser fusion in power plants. [8+8]

7. Write short notes on :

(a) Holograms on magnetic tape

(b) Holograms on the thermoplastic films. [8+8]

8. (a) Describe the different mechanisms that limit the frequency response of a pho-
todiode.

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Code No: RR321002 Set No. 1
(b) A p.i.n. photodiode has a transit time of 2ns. and a junction capacitance of
3pf. If the load resistor is 50 ohm, find the bandwidth of the diode limited be
transit time. [8+8]

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Code No: RR321002 Set No. 2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
OPTO ELECTRONIC AND LASER INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Briefly explain about the optical fibre construction details and show a figure for
transmission of light rays and discuss about the refractive index distribution
with a graph.
(b) Write the equations for the total internal reflection of the light rays in a optical
fibre cable and derive the expression for the Numerical Aperture of the fibre.
[8+8]

2. (a) Give any three applications of optical fibers for instrumentation and explain
them with the necessary figures.
(b) Draw the block diagram of a typical fiber optic communication system and
explain the function of each block in detail. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the principle and operation of a semiconductor lasers. Discuss the
merits and demerits of lasers melting.
(b) Estimate the number of photons emitted per second from a laser that puts
out one watt of power. State clearly the assumptions made. [8+8]

4. (a) Write in detail about IR detectors.

(b) Describe the working of Moire-Fringe modulation fiber optic sensor. [8+8]

5. (a) Explain the principle and working of a fiber Gyroscope.

(b) State the important applications of fiber optic Gyroscope. [8+8]

6. With neat diagrams explain:

(a) Lasers in material processing

(b) Lasers in medicine. [8+8]

7. (a) With the help of neat sketches explain reconstruction of hologram with a wave
identical to reference wave and with a wave conjugate to reference wave?
(b) Explain in detail various recording and reconstruction devices of hologram?
[8+8]

8. (a) Describe the different mechanisms that limit the frequency response of a pho-
todiode.
(b) A p.i.n. photodiode has a transit time of 2ns. and a junction capacitance of
3pf. If the load resistor is 50 ohm, find the bandwidth of the diode limited be
transit time. [8+8]

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Code No: RR321002 Set No. 2
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Code No: RR321002 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
OPTO ELECTRONIC AND LASER INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Discuss about the following in detail with the necessary figures and graphs.

(a) Parabolic index fibre.

(b) Pulse transmission through a fibre and pulses emerging from the fibre, phe-
nomena related to this.
(c) Attenuation with respect to frequency of various guiding media.
(d) Construction details and the refractive index distribution of a cladded optical
fibre. [4×4]

2. (a) Explain about the various applications of optical fibers for instrumentation.
(b) With the help of a block diagram explain the various elements of an Optical
fiber Transmission Link. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain double hetero-structure lasers with the help of a neat energy diagram.
(b) In a ruby laser N0 =2 * 1019 atoms /cm3 , t2 = tspont = 3 * 10−4 Sec, tf lash = 5
* 10−4 sec. Find out threshold elective energy input per square centimeter of
laser surface. [8+8]

4. (a) Explain how the Moire-Fringe modulation fiber optic sensor helps in eliminat-
ing the instability encountered with fiber optic intensity modulated sensor.
(b) With a neat diagram explain the interferometric method of measurement of
length. [8+8]

5. (a) Differentiate between a transducer and a sensor.

(b) Explain a method for measurement of current by a single mode fiber optic
sensor with the help of a diagram.
(c) How do you estimate the transmission line loss using the above sensor.
[5+6+5]

6. Explain with neat diagrams how lasers are used in the following applications

(a) Lasers in surgery

(b) Lasers in low power measurement. [8+8]

7. (a) With the help of neat sketches explain reconstruction of hologram with a wave
identical to reference wave and with a wave conjugate to reference wave?

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Code No: RR321002 Set No. 3
(b) Explain in detail various recording and reconstruction devices of hologram?
[8+8]

8. (a) Describe the different mechanisms that limit the frequency response of a pho-
todiode.
(b) A p.i.n. photodiode has a transit time of 2ns. and a junction capacitance of
3pf. If the load resistor is 50 ohm, find the bandwidth of the diode limited be
transit time. [8+8]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR321002 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
OPTO ELECTRONIC AND LASER INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What is a Multimode graded index fibre and explain about it with the neces-
sary figures and equations.
(b) What are the single mode fibres and explain them in detail with the necessary
figures and equations. [8+8]

2. (a) Discuss in detail about the various applications of optical fibers for Instru-
mentation with figures.
(b) With the help of a block diagram explain the various demerits of an Optical
Fiber Transmission Link. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the pumping mechanism in solid state laser.

(b) Is it sufficient for gas lasers? Justify your answer.
(c) If not, explain an efficient method of producing population inversion. [6+4+6]

4. (a) Describe the working of Moire-fringe modulation fiber optic sensor.

(b) Write in detail about IR sources. [8+8]

5. (a) What is an Evanescent sensor? Explain.

(b) Explain the principle and working of a fiber Gyroscope. [8+8]

6. With neat diagrams explain the following applications of lasers in detail :

(a) Lasers in material processing.

(b) Laser fusion in power plants. [8+8]

7. Write short notes on :

(a) Holograms on magnetic tape

(b) Holograms on the thermoplastic films. [8+8]

8. (a) What is meant by modulation of a signal? Discuss Raman - Nath acousto-

optic modulator.
(b) Why this modulator has a limited modulation bandwidth. [8+8]

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