Code No: RR210801 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What is the importance of dimensional analysis? [6]

(b) Outline the procedure for Rayleigh’s method and Buckingham method used
in dimension analysis. [10]

2. Derive the Bernoulli’s equation for a frictional fluid being pumped from a point a
to an elevated point B. [16]

3. (a) Write the expressions relating skin friction and pressure drop, also skin friction
and wall shear. [8]
(b) With the help of above relations, derive the equation for friction factor in
terms of pressure per unit length of the pipe diameter of the pipe, density and
the average velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipe. [8]

4. (a) Calculate the hydraulic mean diameter of the annular space between a 40 mm
and a 50 mm tube. [4]
(b) A liquid having density of 0.97 gm/cc and a viscosity of 0.347 cp is flowing
through a pipe of diameter 10.2 cm with a velocity of 75 cm/s. Calculate the
Reynold’s number. [4]
(c) A steel pipe 2 ft in diamter carries water at about 15 ft/s. If the pipe has a
roughness of 0.0003ft, could he capacity be increased by inserting a smooth
plastic liner that reduces the inside diameter to 1.9 ft? Calculate the change in
pressure drop for the same flow and the charge in capacity for a fixed pressure
drop. [6]

5. (a) Explain isothermal frictional flow with a neat diagram. [6]

(b) Derive the basic equation for isothermal frictional flow. [10]

6. calculate the different settling velocities for spherical quartz particles of follwing
diameter: 100, 400, 600, 900 m. settling at water at 200 C .
Data: Density of quartz = 2650 kg/m3
Density of water: 1000 kg/m3
Viscosity of water = 1cp
Show graphically how the settling velocity changes with the variation of particles
diameter. [16]

7. Solid particles having a size of 0.2 mm, sphericity is 0.8 and a density of 1000kg/m3 are
to be fluidized using air at 2.5 atm abs and 250 C. The voidage at minimum flu-
idization conditions is 0.42. If the cross section of the empty bed is 0.36 m2 and the

1 of 2
Code No: RR210801 Set No. 1
bed contains 400 kg of solid , calculate the pressure drop at minimum fluidization
conditions. [16]

8. A pitot tube with a discharge coefficient of 0.9, is connected to manometer contain-

ing water. A light oil with specific gravity of 0.8 is flowing through a pipe line of 8
cm ID. When the pitot tube is kept at the center of the pipe, the manometer reads
9 cm. Calculate the flow rate of oil if the average velocity is 80% of the maximum.
[16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR210801 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Write short notes on the following:

(a) U-Tube manometer [6]

(b) Differential manometer [4]
(c) Inclined manometer [3]
(d) Inverted manometer [3]

2. The water flows in a pipe line, whose diameter changes from 20cm at one end
A to 50 cm at another end‘B’ pressure at two ends are 78.5 KN/m2 and 58.9
KN/m2 respectively. The flow rate is 200m/sec End B is higher than end A by
3m. Determine the direction of flow. [16]

3. (a) Differentiate between incompressible and compressible fluids. Give examples.

(b) Write the equations for fanning friction factor and Darcy’s friction factor.
(c) A fluid is flowing though a cylindrical pipe of radius ‘R’ explain the distribution
of velocity and shear stress. What are the force which influences the system.
[4+4+8]

4. Brine is to be pumped through 35 m of smooth copper tube having an inside

diameter of 2.5 cm. The flow rate is 240 lt / min. Calculate frictional pressure
drop and the power required to over come friction. Given the specific gravity of
brine is 1.18 and the viscosity of brine is 2.5 cp. [16]

5. Air at 1.7 atm gauge and 150 C enters a horizontal steel 75mm pipe, 70 m long .
The velocity at the entrance of the pipe is 60 m/s . Assuming isothermal flow,
what is the pressure at each discharge end of the line? [16]

6. A viscous liquid of viscosity 100 cp, flow through a packed bed made of 2.5 mm
spherical particles. At a mass flux of 50000 kg/h m2 , the pressure gradient is found
to be 250kN/m3 . [16]

7. Write short notes on the following :

(a) Particulate fluidization

(b) Bubbling fluidization
(c) Spouted bed fluidization
(d) Slugging. [4+4+4+4]

1 of 2
Code No: RR210801 Set No. 2
8. Water flowing at 1500cm3 /sec in a 50mm diameter pipe is metered by means of a
simple orifice of diameter 25mm. If the coefficient of discharge of the meter is 0.62,
what will be the reading on a mercury manometer connected to the meter. What
is the Reynold’s number for the flow in the pipe. Density of water is 1000kg/m3
viscosity of water=1mN s/m2 . [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR210801 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Determine the dimensionless groups formed from the variables involved in the flow
of fluid external to a solid body. The force exerted on the body is a function of v,
l, U, and L. [16]
2. A water tank has an inflow line 0.3m in diameter and two 0.15m diameter outflow
lines. The velocity in the inflow line is 1.524m/s the velocity of one of the flow
lines is 2.134m/s. The mass of water is not changing with time. Calculate the
volumetric flow rate, mass flow rate, and the velocity in the other outflow line?[16]
3. (a) Differentiate between incompressible and compressible fluids. Give examples.
(b) Write the equations for fanning friction factor and Darcy’s friction factor.
(c) A fluid is flowing though a cylindrical pipe of radius ‘R’ explain the distribution
of velocity and shear stress. What are the force which influences the system.
[4+4+8]
4. Glycerine of density 1250 kg/m3 and viscosity of 0.72 kg/ms flows through a pipe
of 80 mm diameter . If the shear stress at the wall is 300 N/m2 , Calculate the
pressure gradient along the flow , the average velocity in the pipe , the ratio of
discharge and the Reynold’s number. [16]
5. Carbondioxide at one bar and 3000 K is to be compressed to a pressure of 10 bar in
a single stage compressor at a rate of 100 m3 /h. Assuming that the carbondioxide
behaves as an ideal gas, calculate the temperature of the gas after compression and
the work required. Take Cp /Cv = 1.3. [16]
6. Estimate the terminal velocity of 0.2 mm diameter spherical particles of density
2800kg/m3 which are freely falling in liquid of viscosity 5Cp and density 1000
kg/m3 . [16]
7. What are the types of fluidization. Write the equations used to calculate pressure
drop in fluidized beds. [16]
8. Water flowing at 1500cm3 /sec in a 50mm diameter pipe is metered by means of a
simple orifice of diameter 25mm. If the coefficient of discharge of the meter is 0.62,
what will be the reading on a mercury manometer connected to the meter. What
is the Reynold’s number for the flow in the pipe. Density of water is 1000kg/m3
viscosity of water=1mN s/m2 . [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1 of 1
Code No: RR210801 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
FLUID MECHANICS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A Continuous gravity decanter is to separate nitro benzene with a density of

1200kg/m3 , from an aqueous wash liquid having a density of 1025kg/m3 . If the
total depth in the separator is 0.9144m and the interface is to be 0.45m from the
vessel floor. Calculate the height of the heavy liquid over flowleg. [16]

2. (a) Describe the process of Boundary layer formation, also descirbe the process of
Boundary layer separation [10]
(b) Define the terms fully developed flow and transition length. [6]

3. (a) Show that for a laminar flow Newtonian fluid the friction factor is given by
16/NRe. [12]
(b) What is the physical significance of Hagen Poiseuille equation. [4]

4. (a) Define hydraulic radius and equivalent diameter. Why equivalent diameter is
calculated? [8]
(b) Calculate the hydraulic radius for a circular tube and for an annular flow
between two concentric pipes. [8]

5. Show that the maximum fluid velocity attainable for flow through a pipe of uniform
cross section is equal to the sonic velocity. [16]

6. What is terminal velocity. Derive the equation for terminal velocity under the
influence of centrifugal field. [16]

7. Solid particles having a size of 0.25 mm, sphericity is 0.78 and a density of 1000kg/m3
are to be fluidized using air at 2 atm abs and 250 C. The voidage at minimum flu-
idization conditions is 0.42. If the cross section of the empty bed is 0.3 m2 and the
bed contains 300 kg of solid , calculate the minimum height of fluidized bed. [16]

8. The rate of flow of water in a 150 mm diameter pipe was measured with ven-
turimeetr with a 50 mm diameter throat. When the pressure drop over the con-
verging section is 121 mm of water, the flow rate is 2.91 kg/sec. What is the
coefficient for the converging cone of the meter at this flow rate. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1 of 1