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Objetives 1. Identify different types of accounting and the use of correct new language and vocabulary in the financial field. 2. To identify the correct language related to Marketing, Human Resources and Statistics in specific contexts and situations
Contents Types of accounting: Booking, accounting, managerial accounting, tax accounting, and others. Terminology: some words used in accounting such assets, depreciation, liabilities, turn, over, share holders, debtors and stocks, among others. Analysis of ideas issues and situations about different financial problems. Human Resources: Identification of problems related to management, payment and schedules. Norms, requirements and procedures when hiring personnel Assets and Liabilities Collecting and giving information Long terms such as: Long terms liabilities, capital, reserve, share holders funds, fixed assets, current assets Statistics Use of media and technology Definitions: Training coaching, counseling, concurrence, context, commitment, congratulation, effective feedback. Understand the effectiveness about giving and receiving feedback Grammatical structures in a text: personal and demonstrative pronouns, possessive and demonstrative adjectives, contractions, articles, nouns, yes/ no questions, among others. Differentiate the parts of a paragraph: Topic sentence, supporting sentences, concluding sentences, essays, term paper. Use of correct clauses: independent and dependent clauses, clause connectors. Types of sentences: Simple, Complex, Compound complex. Adverbial subordinators, Phrases of time, place distance and frequency. Types of paragraphs Basic organization Organization Mechanics Coherence Drafts
5. Describing ideas, asking for and giving information by filing different types of documents.
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Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 1: Identify different types of accounting and the use of correct new language and vocabulary in the financial field.
trainee accountants
Back-office manager
Definitions:
Trainee Accountants: Accountants who are studying for professional occupations. Bookkeepers: Administrative staff responsible for processing the records of businesss financial activities. Tax Accountant: An accountant specialized in companys tax affairs. Back-office manager: Person in charge of the staff responsible for giving administrative support to the Financial Department. Internal Auditors: Employees of a company who are responsible to inspect its accounts. External Auditors: People employed by an outside firm of accountants and hired by a company for inspecting its accounts.
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Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 1: Identify different types of accounting and the use of correct new language and vocabulary in the financial field.
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Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 1: Identify different types of accounting and the use of correct new language and vocabulary in the financial field.
The usual items of expenses are: depreciation, rent, wages, salary, interest, costs of heat, light and water, telephone, etc. Expenditure is the amount of resources consumed. Usually, it is of long term in nature. Therefore, its benefit is to be derived in future. For example: capital expenditure. Loss is the gross decreases in the assets or gross increases in the liabilities. Income is the increase in the net worth of the organization either from business activity or other activities. In accounting income is the positive change in the wealth of the firm over a period of time. Profit is the excess of revenues over expenses during an accounting year. It increases the owners equity. Gains is the change in the equity (net worth) arising from change in the form and place of goods and holding of assets over a period of time whether realized or unrealized. It may either be of capital nature or revenue nature or both. Drawings are the amount of cash or other assets withdrawn by the owner for his personal use. Purchases are total amounts of goods procured by a business on credit and for cash, for use or sale. Stock (inventory) is a measure of something on hand-goods, spares and other items-in a business. It is called stock on hand. Debtors/Accounts Receivable is persons and/or other entities who owe to an enterprise an amount for receiving goods and services on the credit. Creditors/Accounts Payable is persons and/or other entities that have to be paid by an enterprise an amount for providing the enterprise goods and/ or services on credit.
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Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 2: To identify the correct language related to Marketing, Human Resources and Statistics in specific contexts and
situations.
Long-term liabilities are company obligations that extend beyond the current year, or alternately, beyond the current operating cycle. Most commonly, these include long-term debt such as company-issued bonds. Here we look at how debt compares to equity as a part of a company's capital structure, and how to examine the way in which a company uses debt. The following long-term liabilities are typically found on the balance sheet:
Shareholder funds is all the money belonging to common stock shareholders which includes the balance of share capital, all profits retained and money classified as reserves ( e.g from revaluation increase of assets). It can be positive and negative (resulting from continuous losses incurred by a corporation.) Shareholder funds are all monies belonging to common stock shareholders which include the balance of share capital, all profits retained and monies classified as reserves ( e.g from revaluation increase of assets). It can be positive and negative (resulting from continuous losses incurred by a corporation.)
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Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 2: To identify the correct language related to Marketing, Human Resources and Statistics in specific contexts and
situations.
Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies. Coaching, (training synonym) is a teaching or training process in which an individual gets support while learning to achieve a specific personal or professional result or goal. Counseling is the act of exchanging opinions and ideas; consultation, advice or guidance, especially as solicited from a knowledgeable person. It is a plan of action. Commitment is an agreement or pledge to do something in the future; especially: an engagement to assume a financial obligation at a future date
Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 3: Understanding different grammatical structures.
Here are the personal pronouns, followed by some example sentences:
Number
Person
1st 2nd
Gender
male/female male/female male female neuter
object
me you him her it
singular
3rd
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we you they
us you them
Examples (in each case, the first example shows a subject pronoun, the second an object pronoun):
I like coffee. John helped me. Do you like coffee? John loves you. He runs fast. Did Ram beat him?
She is clever. Does Mary know her? It doesn't work. Can the engineer repair it? We went home. Anthony drove us.
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Contractions
Negative Contractions
aren't --- are not can't --- can not couldn't --- could not didn't --- did not doesn't --- does not don't --- do not hadn't --- had not hasn't --- has not isn't --- is not mustn't --- must not needn't --- need not shouldn't --- should not wasn't --- was not weren't --- were not won't --- will not wouldn't --- would not
m am ll will
s is/has re are
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English articles
singular countable plural or non-count indefinite before a vowel sound before a consonant sound generic non-generic an a N/A the (none) (none) the
definite
The definition of a noun is a word that is used to define a person, animal or living object, place, thing or quality. There are many different kinds of nouns in English. Common Nouns - general nouns such as cat, bowl, hand, tree clock etc. Countable Nouns - are nouns that can be counted, such as car-cars, child-children etc. Uncountable Nouns - nouns that can't be counted, such as water, fire, air etc. Collective Nouns - are nouns that refer to a group of things or people such as family, police, worker's union etc. Proper Nouns - nouns that refer to a specific name of a person, corporation, company, product, such as IBM, Microsoft, Mr. David Green, Dr. Mary Jones. Concrete Nouns - a noun that is a physical object, something that can be touched, seen, such as an animal, window, table, computer etc.
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Abstract Nouns - is a noun is not a physical object, it can't be touched physically. They are ideas and feelings such as intelligence, love, hate, bravery etc.
Yes/No Questions
In Present Question Are you? Am I? Are we? Is he? Is she? Is it? Are you (all)? Are they? In Past Were you? Was I? Were we? Was he? Yes, I was. Yes, you were. No, I wasnt.*** No, you werent. Affirmative Yes, I am.* Yes, you are. Negative No, Im not. No, youre not./No, you arent.
Yes, he is. Yes, she is. Yes, it is. Yes, we are. Yes, they are.
No, hes not./No, he isnt. No, shes not./No, she isnt. No, its not./No, it isnt. No, were not./No, we arent. No, theyre not./No, they arent.
Yes, he was.
No, he wasnt.
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Yes, she was. Yes, it was. Yes, we were. Yes, they were.
No, she wasnt. No, it wasnt. No, we werent. No, they werent.
Summary by Objectives for the Final Exam Objective 4: Distinguish the paragraph
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Concluding Remarks: The closing or clincher sentence comes after all the details have been included in the body of the paragraph. The closing sentence reminds the reader what the topic of the paragraph is really all about, what it means. For example, let's say the topic sentence of a paragraph is "Mr. Brown must have been a drill sergeant before he became our gym teacher." A closing sentence for this paragraph could be something like the following: Closing sentence: I'm surprised that Mr. Brown doesn't make us march into the shower room after each class.
Sample Paragraph
My Dog Romeo is so much fun to play with. One reason hes fun is because he loves to play catch. Whats also fun is that he follows me around the house with a toy and drops it on my foot, so I will kick it. Additionally, he can catch just about anything, but his favorite thing to catch is a Frisbee. Finally, he loves it when I pretend like Im falling dead, and he runs over to lick me. All these reasons show why I really have fun playing with Romeo.
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http://www.occc.edu/mschneberger/howtoparagraph.htm www.phon.ucl.ac.uk
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