Interference and frequency coordination How Interference occur Constructive interference occurs when two waves are in phase

with each other. This means that there is no phase shift and basically, they line up and cross the x-axis at the same times. On a graph, the positions of the individual waves add simply, giving a resulting amplitude of the first wave's amplitude plus the second wave's amplitude.

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http://www.scribd.com/doc/52528672/158/Interfering-waves-propagation-mechanisms

Fading
In wireless communications, fading is deviation of the attenuation affecting a signal over certain propagation media. The fading may vary with time, geographical position or radio frequency, and is often modeled as a random process. A fading channel is a communication channel comprising fading. In wireless systems, fading may either be due to multipath propagation, referred to as multipath induced fading, or due to shadowing from obstacles affecting the wave propagation, sometimes referred to as shadow fading. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fading Flat Fading Flat fading is a type of fading in a communications channel that fades all frequencies in the channel in the same amount. attenuates or

Fade margin
fade margin is not a property of an antenna. fade margin is based on the link power budget. You have to consider the transmitter TPO, the feedline losses, the antenna gain, the path losses, any fresnel zone interference, the receive antenna gain and its feedline loss. This will give a receiver level. The headroom of this level compared to the minimum required is the fade margin. The fade margin is a figure of merit for the link as it reflects on the reliability of the connection. To improve fade margin you can, increase TPO, use higher gain tx or receive antenna, raise the tower height (possibly), or use a more sensitive receiver. Radio propagation is affected by the daily changes of water vapor in the troposphere and ionization in the upper atmosphere, due to the Sun. Understanding the effects of varying conditions on radio propagation has many practical applications, from choosing frequencies for

international shortwave broadcasters, to designing reliable mobile telephone systems, to radio navigation, to operation of radar systems. Radio propagation is also affected by several other factors determined by its path from point to point. This path can be a direct line of sight path or an over-the-horizon path aided by refraction in the ionosphere, which is a region between approximately 60 and 600 km.[3] Factors influencing ionospheric radio signal propagation can include sporadic-E, spread-F, solar flares, geomagnetic storms, ionospheric layer tilts, and solar proton events. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_propagation

Delay distortion
Delay distortion is a guided transmission media phenomenon where network data signals are transmitted via a medium at a certain frequency and speed. Delay distortion occurs when signal velocity and frequency vary. This means that all signals do not arrive at the same time, resulting in distortion of the signal. This term is commonly used in fiber optics.