Phy12HL Optical Instruments Worksheet & Problem Set 1

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Objectives: 1. Define terms far point and near point for the unaided eye. 2. Define angular magnification. 3. Derive an expression for the angular magnification of a simple magnifying glass for an image formed at the near point and at infinity. 4. Construct a ray diagram for a compound microscope with final image formed close to the near point of the eye (normal adjustment). 5. Construct a ray diagram for an astronomical telescope with the final image at infinity (normal adjustment). 6. State the equation relating angular magnification to the focal lengths of the lenses in an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment. 7. Solve problems involving the compound microscope and the astronomical telescope. Question 1 What is meant by far point and near point for the unaided (naked) eye? How are these points determined? The human eye is able to adjust its focus for the near point and the far point. Draw diagrams that show the eyes adjustments. Is this, in any way, related to being near sighted or far sighted? Question 2 What is meant by angular magnification and how is this different from how weve been computing magnification so far? Question 3 If a small insect, 1 mm long, is viewed at a distance of 25 cm from the eye, what angle will it subtend to the eye? Question 4 Show how images are formed using the compound microscope by drawing and explaining ray diagrams. Where is the final image formed? How does your ray diagram relate to what we see when we view objects through a microscope? Question 5 Show how images are formed using the astronomical telescope by drawing and explaining ray diagrams. Where is the final image formed? How does your ray diagram relate to what we see when we view objects through an astronomical telescope? Question 6 Compare the compound microscope and the astronomical telescope. What do they have in common? Whats different between these two instruments in terms of optics? Question 7 A microscope is constructed from an objective of focal length 1 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. An object is placed 1.5 cm from the objective. a. Calculate the distance from the objective to the first image.

Phy12HL Optical Instruments Worksheet & Problem Set 1

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b. If the final image is a virtual image 25 cm from the eyepiece, calculate the distance between the first image and the eyepiece. c. Calculate the distance between the lenses. Question 8 A telescope is constructed from two lenses: an objective of focal length 100 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 10 cm. The telescope is used in normal adjustment (final image at infinity). a. Calculate the angular magnification. b. Find the distance between the two lenses. Question 9 The normal human eye can distinguish between two objects a distance of 0.12 mm apart when they are placed at the near point. If a simple magnifying glass of focal length 5.00 cm is used to view the images at the near point, how close can the objects be and still be distinguished as distinct? Question 10 A telescope consists of an objective, L1, which is a converging lens of focal length 80.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 20.0 cm. The object is very far from the objective (effectively an infinite distance away) and the image is formed at infinity. a. What is the angular magnification of this telescope? b. The telescope is used to view a building of height 65.0 m a distance of 2.50 km away. What is the angular size of the final image?