ASSIGNMENT 1

Name: NoaMateyawa No: 201200281

TOPIC:

AIM
The aim of this task is to briefly explain the importance of workshop safety and how it benefits to our daily lives. In addition, to understand more about safety rules and regulation that needs to be followed.

Introduction
In general, personnel in the various mechanical workshops of the University know by long training how to use workshop tools, machine tools and equipment. Only trained and competent persons should be admitted to these mechanical workshops and permitted to operate equipment. Untrained personnel should be discouraged from using workshops unless they have acquired some degree of proficiency as determined by the workshop supervisor. This policy on Safety in Workshops has been written not only to provide novices with appropriate safety procedures but also to assist trained workshop personnel with the provision of a reference document outlining the general principles of safe working practices relevant to the mechanical engineering aspects of the workshop environment. It relates to specific areas where definite safety measures are required for workshop operations. This policy is written as an addition to and not as a substitute for general safety principles applicable to all types of workplace via: fire precautions, correct use of personal protective equipment, hygiene standards, toxic processes, workplace noise and correct manual handling techniques. Information on these areas of safety is given in other appropriate sections of the Safety and Health Manual.

DECLARATION
I Noa Mateyawa do solemnly swear that this project is an effort of my own and all source of information have been duly acknowledged.

Signature: _____________

History

What is workshop safety?

Safety in the workshops is subject to a number of various risk assessments and safe codes of working practices which have to be observed and adhered to by all workshop users and enforced by the person in charge of these areas. Due to high risk activities taking place in the workshops access to these areas is restricted to authorized personnel only. No other person may enter the workshops without permission.

Rules and regulation

1. Always listen carefully to the teacher and follow instructions. 2. Do not run in the workshop, you could bump into another pupil and cause an accident. 3. Know where the emergency stop buttons are positioned in the workshop. If you see an accident at the other side of the workshop you can use the emergency stop button to turn off all electrical power to machines. 4. Always wear an apron as it will protect your clothes and hold loses clothing such as ties in place. 5. Wear good strong shoes. Training shoes are not suitable. 6. When attempting practical work all stools should be put away. 7. Bags should not be brought into a workshop as people can trip over them. 8. When learning how to use a machine, listen very carefully to all the instructions given by the teacher. Ask questions, especially if you do not fully understand. 9. Do not use a machine if you have not been shown how to operate it safely by the teacher. 10. Always be patient, never rush in the workshop. 11. Always use a guard when working on a machine. 12. Keep hands away from moving/rotating machinery. 13. Use hand tools carefully, keeping both hands behind the cutting edge. 14. Report any damage to machines/equipment as this could cause an accident.

Tools and their names

Hand Tools Names

Hydraulic jack

Hand drill

Sand blaster

hammer

wrench

Signs and symbol

Safety boot

Safety clothing
Personal protective equipment includes workshop coats; safety glasses and goggles; masks and respirators; hard hats; and safety gloves and shoes. Protective equipment is only of benefit to you if it is suitable for the task in hand. Learn how to do so and store it carefully between use. Workshop coats or gowns must always be properly worn and fastened. They must be kept in good condition, replaced if holed or torn, and cleaned and washed regularly. Look after other Protective equipment and keep it clean; do not allow it to be contaminated by, for example, leaving it on a workshop bench. Report defective or ill-fitting equipment to your manager or supervisor and have it replaced. Non-disposable facemasks and respirators require a regime for cleaning and maintenance, and to ensure that they are effective, must be face-fit tested at the Occupational Health Department.

Safety boots

goggles

hard

hat

safety clothes

Carrying of objects in the workshop

Following are the basics steps of safe lifting and handling

Size up the load and check overall conditions. Don't attempt the lift by yourself if the load appears to be too heavy or awkward. Check that there is enough space for movement, and that the footing is good. "Good housekeeping" ensures that you won't trip or stumble over an obstacle. 2. Make certain that your balance is good. Feet should be shoulder width apart, with one foot beside and the other foot behindthe object that is to be lifted. 3. Bend (he knees; don't stoop. Keep the back straight, but not vertical. (There is a difference. Tucking in the chin straightens the back.) 4. Grip the load with the palms of your hands and your fingers. The palm grip is much more secure. Tuck in the chin again to make certain your back is straight before starting to lift. 5. Use your body weight to start the load moving, then lift by pushing up with the legs. This makes full use of the strongest set of muscles. 6. Keep the arms and elbows close to the body while lifting. 7. Carry the load close to the body. Don't twist your body while carrying the load. To change direction, shift your foot position and turn your whole body. 8. Watch where you are going! 9. To lower the object, bend the knees. Don't stoop. To deposit the load on a bench or shelf, place it on the edge and push it into position. Make sure your hands and feet are clear when placing the load. Make it a habit to follow the above steps when lifting anything-even a relatively light object.

Lifting heavy objects 1. Safe lifting of heavy items requires training and practice. For example, we've probably all seen a small person move heavy feed sacks with apparent ease. 2. The secret lies in taking the proper stance and grip. 3. When equipment is available, it should be used to lift and carry heavy objects. 4. Loaders, forklifts, hoists, etc. are made for this purpose.

Do's" and "Don'ts" of Safe Lifting and Carrying

Do- Tuck in the chin to keep the back as straight as possible while lifting. Lift with the strong leg muscles. Ask for help with the heavy, awkward items. When possible, use mechanical equipment to move heavy items. Don't -Use your back muscles to do lifting. Try to lift an item that is too heavy of awkward. Twist your body while carrying an object. Attempt team lifting without proper

Safe Manual Lifting and Carrying

steps
Planning

techniques
Size up the load and check overall conditions. Check route for clearances and obstacles. Use a handcart or dolly, etc. when possible. Break down large and heavy loads. Know your limits. Seek help if necessary. Take extra care with awkward tasks. Remember to use the 5 Ls of Back Safety *Load *Lungs *Lever *Legs *Lordosis keep your back straight

Lifting

Carrying

*Hold the load close to your body. *Look where your are walking. *Take extra care carrying up and down stairs. *Dont twist your body, move your feet to turn.

Lowering

*Bend your knees to lower the load. *Dont trap your fingers and toes. *Pull it down first, and then slide it into place. *Dont over-reach or stretch.

Types of machines and its function

Names
band saw

Function
A bandsaw is a power tool which uses a blade consisting of a continuous band of metal with teeth along one edge to cut various workpieces A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is a machine tool used for grinding, which is a type of machining using an abrasive wheel as the cutting tool.

bench grinder

metal lathe

A metal lathe or metalworking lathe is a large class of lathes designed for precisely machining relatively hard materials

bench drill

The bench drill is a smaller version of the pillar drill. This type of machine drill is used for drilling light weight pieces of material.

A jigsaw is a tool used for cutting arbitrary curves, such as stenciled designs or other custom shapes, into a piece of wood, metal, or other material.

Classification of fire

1. Class A: Fires involving ordinary combustible materials, such as paper, wood, and textile fibers, where a cooling, blanketing, or wetting extinguishing agent is needed.

2. Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids such as gasoline, thinners,

oil-based paints and greases. Extinguishers for this type of fire include carbon- dioxide, dry chemical and halogenated agent types. 3.Class C: Fires involving energized electrical equipment, where a non conducting gaseous clean agent or smothering agent is needed. The most common type of extinguisher for this class is a carbon dioxide extinguisher.

4. Class D: Fires involving combustible metals such as magnesium,

sodium, potassium, titanium, and aluminum. Special dry powder* extinguishing agents are required for this class of fire, and must be tailored to the specific hazardous metal.

5. Class K: Fires involving commercial cooking appliances with

vegetable oils, animal oils, or fats at high temperatures. A wet potassium acetate, low pH-based agent is used for this class of fire.

Workshop safety procedure and equipment

Shop safety rule and regulation Every work environment should have particular rules and guidelines that prevent injury or death to its employees.Although every work shop is different and there are some basic rules and that can apply to almost any. Keeping them in mind while you work can save your life.

Protective equipment Protective equipment should always be 100% effective in a shop.It is almost worse to wear broken equipment that you think is working than to not wear any at all.Safety goggles with cracks and in them may not properly shield your eyes from a chemical spill.Imagine wearing a gas mask with a hole into a toxic waste area.If protective equipment is detective, replace it immediately and do not work on any machinery that requires it until it is properly repaired or replace.

Workshop Equipment and Tools

No machine may be used or work undertaken unless the technician-in-charge is satisfied that the person is capable of doing so safely. If equipment is fitted with guards these must be used. Equipment must never be used if the safety guards have been removed. Any person working in the mechanical and electronic workshop must have read and signed the appropriate risk assessment if the work or equipment they are using has been risk assessed. Risk assessments are kept in a filing cabinet within the mechanical workshop.

No person shall mount any abrasive wheel unless he/she has been trained in accordance with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998. Grinding machines shall only be operated by technical staff and eye protection must be worn. Service records of all machine tools, plant and equipment must be kept. They must list the date of any service/repair and name of the person responsible for carrying out that service/repair. Faults which cannot be repaired immediately should be reported to the technician-in-charge and a note should be attached to the machine where it is clearly visible indicating that the equipment is out of order. All Portable Electrical Equipment must be regularly inspected and tested for electrical safety. Lifting equipment must be registered with the Universitys Engineering Insurers and be subject to annual inspection. All air receivers must subject to a thorough examination at the statutorily required intervals. Where applicable suitable Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) must be used. The LEV systems must be subjected to a thorough inspection and test at least once every 14 months. Ladders/stepladders should be individually identified and formal inspections carried out. No welding may be undertaken unless the technician-incharge is satisfied that the person is capable of doing so safely. During any welding operation the fume extraction system must be used. When using woodworking machines the dust extractor and face masks must be used.

Equipment must be cleaned after use. Any materials, tools or equipment used must be tidied away. Precision measuring equipment, drills, etc. must be replaced in their appropriate cabinets after each working day. Tools and equipment must not be removed from the workshop without permission from the technician-incharge.

Conclusion
To conclude, in general safety in the workshops is subjected to a number of various risk assessments and safe codes of working practices which have to be observed and adhered to by all workshop users and enforced by the person in charge of these areas. Due to high risk activities taking place in the workshops access to these areas is restricted to authorized personnel only. No other person may enter the workshops without permission.