fACSIMILE TEXTS .

THE FIRST PRINTED

ENGLISH NEW TESTAMENT.
TRANSL<\TED HY
WI LLIAM TYNDALE.
PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHED FROM THE UNIQUE FRAGMENT, NOW I N
THE GRENVILLE COLLECTION, BRITISH MUSEUM.
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.. .D?N.e..R:F>:
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As4i-'t-$lQ'.t JI'.lt.C.-S., a-c.
iLonbon :
5 QUEEN SQUARE, BLOOM$BURY.
1. '1.5 oS

15 FEBRUARY, 18 71.
A LL RIG KT S RBSERVED .
TO Ttl ..
fEY, JAMES pTRATTEN.
IN PERPETUAL TESTIMONY
OP HIS
iamb 4Haqn.nu,
anb !n'iglll in Ill' icri.m,
",ND '"
;QlaBi [millful nub fruitful
.of nlllD:ubs of ,t'orl!2tfDo Itl1r1,
THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY
I NSCRIBED.
c 0 ~ T E ~ T p.
The Preface.
Evidence connected with the first Two Editions. of the English
New Testaments, viz. ; in Quarto and in Octavo.
1. \VILLlAM TYNDALE'S antecedent Career
II. The Printing at Cologne
IlL The Printing at Worms
IV. WILLIAM ROY'S connection with these Editions
V. The Landing and Distribution in England
VI. The Persecution in England
...
Typographical and Literary Evidence connected with the present
Fragment.
1. It was printl..-d for TYNDALE by PETER QUENTEL ' at Cologne,
PACK
7-
18
18-24
24-
2
7
27-36
36-47
411-64
before 1526 . 65
II. It is not a portion of the separate Gospel of Matthew, printed previous
to that year.' 65
III. It is therefore certainly a fragment of the Quarto . . 66
Is the Quarto a translation of Luther's German version?
Text .
The prologge .
Inner Marginal References
Outer Marginal Glosses
The Photo-lithographed Text.
[The Title Page is wanting in the Grenville Copy.)
The prologge [by TYNDALE)
The bokes conteyned in the newe Testament.
Woodcut [by ANTHON VON WOUIS)
The Gospel according to St. Matthew:
Chapters I.-XXII. 12 [where t he Fragment ends)
Part of the ntle Page 0/ Rupertus' In Matth.:eum:
1-14
'S
16
17-6i
Printed by PETER QUENTEL at Cologne, between March and July 1526 64
QI;be jFir!$t J)rillteb (/J'lIlJli!:ib ;J1tbJ QI;t!$tamtllt.
TRANSLATED BY
WILLIAM TYNDALl':.
"THE true seruaunt and Manyr of God . . . 'Vho for his notable paynes and trauelJ may well be
called the Apostle of England in this our latter age."-JOHN Fox; and M(lnul1Untu, p. 1224. Ed.
15]0.
He "put forlhe cerlaine bookes oflhe olde Testament and the hole newe Testament, into the Englyshe
. whereby sence thankes be geuen to God, the dore of Iyght into the scriptures, hath and
da.Lhe IS morc and more opened unto YS, the whiche before was many yeares closed i n darkenes."-
ANONYMOUS 'VRITER: Id"", p. 514. Ed. 1563.
PREFACE.
!everence, almost with awe, we here offer to the reader
the photographic likeness of a priceless gem in English litera-
ture. It is the u1tique Fragment of that first and fontal edition
of the English New Testament, to which Mr. Anderson refers
as "the veritable origin of all those millions of English
Scriptures now being read in so many different and distant
parts of the globe-parts, utterly unknown to our immortal Translator,
when he sent the sheets to the press-parts, then untrodden by any
Englishman-parts, then undiscovered." 1
The first PRINTED portions of any . part of the English Scriptures were
the Gospels of Matthew and . Mark; probably separately printed by Tyn-
dale, somewhere on the Continent,1! in 1524-5. " ' hile there is abundant
evidence of the former existence of these two Gospels, no copies of them
whatever are now known to be extan,t. After these, in came simul-
taneously his first two editions of the New Testament-one in Quarto,
with glosses or marginal notes; the other in without glosses-one
of which, perhaps both, were in England in. March 1526. Of the Quarto
edition, there is only the Fragment, here photo-lithographed, known; of the
Octavo, there is one perfect text in the library of the Baptist College at
Bristol, and a port jon 'bf another in that of St. Paul's Cathedral, London.
These three copies, all denuded of their title pages, are the earliest im-
pressions of any portion of the printed Bible in the English tongue, r.ow
known to be in existence.
! Annals of the Engli sh Bible.' wi. i., p. 74, Ed. 1845.
t The Re ... . R. Demaus, who is writing a LI/t of TYlldall!, whi ch is to appear this year, has noticed th:tt
n') printer is known to ha ... e been at Hamburgh about these years.
6 PREFACE.
Looking over the present photo-1ithographed Text, the reader will readily
mark the total absence of all those distinctions which have always been used
for the separation of books, and the discem.rnent from each other of their
several editions. It wants the- names of TRANSLATOR or EDITOR, of the
PRINTER, and the PLACE of printing, together with the DATE of printing.
As we now have it, it is an unowned, unavowed fragment of black letter
English. There is however an accumulation of evidence, perfectly over-
whelming, which assures us, beyond the possibility of a doubt, that this
fragment is verily and indeed a part of the earliest edition of the New
Testament, ever printed in the English language. It is our duty here to
exhibit this evidence.
At the outset, however, we must limit this testimony to these first two
editions only. Afterwards tame ' thicker and threefold ' into England,
editions both of the New Testament and of the Bible. Some of these
attempted an accurate authenticity, being produced solely from a love to
God and Truth; others were surreptitiously and often carelessly produced
by speculators, for the mere sake of money. All these cal) only be rightly
analysed and adjudged in a thorough and complete' History of the English
Bible, both manuscri pt and printed. J A work yet to be written; though
the way has been made smoother by such pioneers as Rev. J. F ORSHALL,
Sir F. MADDEN ; Revs. J. LEWlS, H. COTTON, D. C.L., Canon B. F .. WEST-
COTT; Messrs. L EA WILSON, C. A NDERSON, G. OFFOR, F . FRY, and others.
Such a work would be based upon deep sacred interest. It would record
a marvellous story of human heroism and self denial, of untiring effort and
labour. It would catalogue all known editions, all accessible early copies,
and point out their various differences. And, with it, would be largely in-
terwoven the politi cal and social history of what may be looked upon as
our Biblical Century-that hundred years, roughly speaking, of incessant
Biblical translation and revision, which was crowned with that literary
marvel, the present authorized version. What Froude has done for the
Court and Political History of our Reformation; what Macaulay for twenty
years later on in our National Hi story j might, with even a more interesting
subject-the most interesting of all literary subj ects to many-be done for
the Story of the Word of God in English. I s any man so bold, so earnest,
so devout, as to attempt thi s work? t
In adducing this Testimony from original sources, and in eliminating it
from the confusion of many conflicting and perplexing statements, it will
be convenient to quote each passage, once for all, in its principal place;
though it may occasionally anticipate somewhat in time, or cO:ltain ex-
traneous matter.
1 Such a worker may consult with advantage the manuscript transcripts and notes of Mr.OITor, nn'
Add. MSS. 26,67_5. in the British Museum.
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER. 7
We may group the evidence-
As IT RELATES TO THE FIRST TWO EDITIONS.
As IT VERIFIES THE FRAGMENT, HERE REPRODUCED.
As to the two editions, it may be arranged under-
I. William Tynda/Is career.
II. The printing at Cologne.
III. The printing at Worms.
IV. William Roy's connection with these editions.
V. The landing and distribution in Eng/and.
VI. The persecution in England.
As relates to the existing fragment; there is possibly, o.0ly-
VII. Typographical and Literary evidence.
We must also premise, that, in judging of moral actions by the use made
of money, we have followed the usual estimate, in a matter so hard to
determine absolutely; that the multiple of Fifteen approximately represents
the increased power of the same standard coin in purchasing the neces-
saries. of life (food, raiment, rent, books, and the like), in the reign of
Henry VIII., as compared with the present day. So that 10 then,
represents 150 now; 16s. . then, 12 5s. od. now j and so on. We
have inserted the modem equivalent, upon this estimate, within [ ], after
every sum mentioned.
I. William Tyndale's antecedent Career.
\. Tyndale is believed to have been born either at STlNCHCOMB or NORTH
NIBLEY, in the hundred of Berkeley, in the county of Gloucester, not
earlier than 1484-6;1 where his family, during the wars of the Roses, had
for a time adopted, probably for the sake of concealment, the name-
variously spelt-of Hitcllins or Hotchyns.
2. The authority for the early life of our great Englishman is John Fox;
in the editions of his Adu and MOllumentts, de., published during his life-
time, viz., 1563, 1570, 1576, 1583; and in the account partly extracted there-
from and prefixed to The Workt s 0/ Tyndalt, Frith, and Barnts, 1573, fol.
.
1 Mr. Oade Roberts, of Painswick [d. 182'] in
Lysoos 'Topog. (:Q1l.' Add. MSS. Plut. fol.
6]-1; in the British Museum. Mr. Roberts
thought that Richard Tyadale, who purchased, in
156. , the estate of Me1ksham's Court, Stinchcombe,
from Thomas, Lord Wentwonb, was the Transla-
tor's nephew.
8
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER.
A comparison of these editions evidences two narratives. The earlier one
is a brief and. graphic Memorandum,- probably more correct as to the
sequence of events-written from memory by a confidential friend, who
had his infonnation from Tyndale's own lips, probably during his stay in
London: which Memorandum evidently preserves the very words of
Tyndale. The later account is written impersonally, and amplified.aftq
Fox's vehement manner. We here place the two side by side.
Fox's FIRST ACCOUNT. '56).
Fox tltt/oll(mling summa? 0/ Tyndalr's
cayur; Whit''' maJl k taI&nJ as txJrtsli"K' "i1tnun
ulimalt tif Ike Tram/a/or.
Thi$ good man William Tyndall the faithruli
and constant martyr of Christe, was borne
vpon ye borders of wales, and brou2ht vp euen of a
childe in the vniuenitie of Oxford) being_ alwa}'e$
of moste vpri ght manel'S and pure Iyfe. Thi s man
as soneas he had receyuedsome taste and $auour of
the diuine truth by of Lut hers bookes,' he
thought no labour or traualll to be pretermitted to
allure and to drawe all othet" engli5hmen to the
like knowledge and vnderstandi ng. For the better
and more accomplishing wherof. he first
together with Frith, labored in transl ating the olde
and newe Testament into EnSlish, a most hol-
some worke for the EnglishnatiOn, he wrote al50
diuers other workes of Sundry tytlf!$, amon[g)5t the
whiche is that mo5te worthy monument of his in-
titulcd Thobedience of a christen ml, wherin with
a synglller dexteritie he instructeth all Menne to
the office and dut ie of chri5Uan obedience. with
diuerse conflicte, and disputations against More
and others, no lesse delectable as also fruteful! to
be read. j. s:zo. Ed. IS63.
kg-ins t M if TyN/alh
/ri'md.]
First mayster Tyndall be)'llg in seruice with one
maister WelcheS a Knyght. who maned a doughter
t The dates of Tyndale's connection with O.cord
and Cambridge have not yet been recovered, Sec
\VOOD, Atluna Oxotliemll, t.94, Ed. JSI3, and
C. H. and T . CooPItR, Athnuz CGtl/d,.ig-inlsel, i.
S9, Ed. t8SS.
I If Tyndale went a child' to Oxford, and was
there ' smgularly addicted' to the study of Scrip-
ture, it must have been long before Luther attached
his ninety-five Thesn to the door of the church at
Wittenberg f] I October, ISt7); which protest first
gave him a European reputation. Tyndale may
have been confirmed in hisopinions by Luthu; and
we shall see one of the works of Erasmus was so
congenial to him that he translated it: but a con-
sideration that he must have been about )0 years
of age, and a priest, when Luther attacked the $ale
of indulgences, is conclusive that he was but fol-
lowinit the dictates of his own mind and conscience
when In early life he searched after truth in the
Revelation of God, and not among the writings of
men.
Fox's SECOND ACCOUNT. IS70.
Wi/lifma Tyndall the faythfull Minister and con-
stant Martyrof Christ, was bome about the borders
of Wales, and brought vp from. a child in the
Vniuersitie of Oxford, where he by long continu-
ance grew and increa5ed as wei in the know-
ledge of. tounges. and other liberall Artes, as es-
pecially in the knowledge of the Scriptures: where-
unto his mynde was singularly addicted;' In 50
much that he lying then at Magdalene Hall, read
priueiy to certeine studcntes and fc lowes of Mag-
dalene Colledge, some pu-cell of Diuinitie : in-
them in the knowledge and truth of the
Scriptures. Whose maners also and conuersation
being correspondent t o the same, were such that
all they which knew hym, reputed and estemed
hym to bee a man of most v.e:rtuous disposition,
and of life vnspotted,
Thus he in the Vniuersitie of Oxford 1 increasing-
more and more in leamyog, and procedyng in de-
grees of the 5Choles. spying hys time, remoued
(rom thence totheVniuersitie of Cambridge,l where
after hee had Iykewise made his abode a certaioe
space, being now further ripened in the knowledge
of Gods word, leaU)'lli that Vniuersitie also, be
resorted to one M. a knyght of Glocester-
I Sir J ohn Walsh, son and heir of J ohn Walsh,
married Anne, daughter of Si r Robert PoinU:, and
having served the office of high sheriff of Glouces-
tershire, IS and 8 [i.4!'. I S,6 and tS3S] died.
seized of Lit tle Sodbury in the 38th year of the
$arne reign (2:2: April IS46-28 Jan. IS411, leaving
Maurice his son thirty yean old, who had the
livery of the manor the same year, and manied
Bridget, daughtu of - - Vause. S. Rudder.
H u t. 0/ Gwuustn'S/u'""I. 677. Ed. 1179,
Little Sodbury is two miles from Chlppillg Sod-
bury, and fifteen from Brutol, on the Bath and
Cbippcnham road. The old church of St.
Adehne was a stone building in the Early Knglish
style, with tower, nave, transept, and porch, and
situate adjacnrt to the manor house; but having-
fallen into decay, a new church was erected in
I859 On a more convenient si te, which church,
with the addition of a vestry room and north aisle,
WlLS as nea:J), as possible a restoration of the old
one. Kelly,J Gkm&tstn'sllin, ; . 634., Ed. I81O.
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER.
9
Fox's F IRST A CCOUNT, 1563-
of Sf!' Robert Pointz. a Icnyght dwellyng in Glo-
ceslr shyre, the sayde Tyndall berng scholemiliter
to the sayde maister Weicht his children,. and being
in goodfauour with his maistcr, sat mostecommonly
at his owue table. whiche kept a good ordinary,
hauing resort to hym. many tymes diuer.;e great
beneficed men, a$ Abbots, Deanes, Archedeacons,
U1d other diuerse doctors, and learned men.
Amonges! whomc commonly was talke of learning,
as well of Luther and Erasmus Roterodamus, as of
opinions in the scripture. The saide Maisler Tyn-
dall being learned and which had bene a studient
of diuinitie in Cambridge, and hadde therein taken
degree of schole. did many times therin shcwe his
mynde and leamyng. wherein as those .men and
Tyndall did varie in opini ons and iudgemcnlcs,
then maister Tyndal l would shewe them on the
booke the places, by open and m..anifest scripture ,
the whiche continued for acettaine season, diuene
and !iOndry tymes vntyll in the continuance thereof,
tbose great beneficed doctors waxed weary and
bare a secret grudge in their hartes against maister
Tyndale.
So vpon a tyme some of those beneficed doc:ton,
bad maister Welch and the Lady hi.!; wyfe, at a
supper or banquet, t here hauinge amonge them
talke at wyU wi thout any gainsaiyng, and the
supper or banquet beyng done, and maister Welche
and the Lady his wyfe, came home. They called
for maister Tyndall, and talked with hym, of suche
communication as hadde bene, where they came
fro, and of their opinions. Maister Tyndall there-
unto"made aunswere agreable to the truthe of gods
worde, and in reprouing of their false opinions.
The Lady \Velche being a stoute woman, and as
Mainer Tyndal did reporte
S
her to be wise, beyng
there no more but they three, maister Welche his
wyfe and maister Tyndall.' Well sayde she, there
was suche a doctor, he may dispende CC. pounde
[)000] by tbe yeare, an other one hundred pounde
Ll1soo].and an other three hundreth pounde(4SOO],
and what thynke ye, were it reason that we shoul d
beleue you before them so great learned and bene-
ficed men. t Malster Tyndall bearyng her,gaue her
no aunswere. nor after that, had but small argu-
mentes against suehe, for be perceiued it would not
1 If Maurice , bom in 1516, was the eldest bom
son of Sir J. Walsh. Tyndale's connection with his
family as tutor mus t necessarily have becn short;
probably at most the two or three years 1521-3.
Note I,J. S.
Fox's SltCOND ACCOUNT, 1510.
shyre, and was there scholemaster to his children,'
and in good fauour with his master. This Gentle-
man, as hee kept a good ordinarie commonly at his
table, there re!iOrt ed to hym many times sondry
Abbots, Deanes, Archdeacons, ":"ith other diuers
Doctors and great beneficed men: who there toge-
ther with M. Tyndall sittyng at the same table, did
vse many tymes to enter communication and talke
of leamed men, as of Lutw and of raSltlus :
Also of diuers other controuersies a.nd questions
vpon the Script ure .
Then III. Tytuiall, as he 1Ifas learned and well
practised in God!i mallen, so he spued not to
shewe vnto them simply and playnly hys iudgement
in matters, ashe thought : and when as they at any
tyme did varye frOID Tyndall in opinions and iudge.
ment, he would shewe them in the hooke, and lay
plainly before them the open and manifest places of
ye Scriptures. to confute thei r eraun, and to con-
firme hili sayinges. And thus continued they for a
certaine sc:uon, reasonyni and contending togethel
diuers and sundry tyme!, till at they waxed
wery, and bare a secret grudge in their hartes
agaynst hym.
Not long after this, it happened that certalne
of these great Doc:tours had inuited M.
a.nd hys wife to a hanket: where they had talke at
will and pleasure. vttering their blyndes and
ignoraunce without any resistance Of gaynsaying.
Then Itf. Wtleke and bys wife comming home
and call ing for M. Tytuiall. began to reason with
him about those matters, wherof ye priestes had
talked before at theyr banket. M. Tyndall aunswer-
ing by scriptures, mayntayned the truth, and re-
proued theyr false opinions. Then sayd the Lady
IVtkh, a stout and a wyse woman (as Tyndall re-
ported) Well (sayd she) there was such a Doctor
whi ch maydispend aC.Ii. (hun<iredpounds=1500)
and an other. ij. C.Ii. (two hundred pounds:::: )000]
and an other.iij. C. li . [three hundredpounds=4SOO]
andwhat? were it reason. thinke you, that we should
beleue you before them 1 t M. Tyndall gaue her no
aunswere at that time, nor also after that (because
he sawe it would not auayle) he talked but !ide in
those matters. At that tyme he was about the
translation of a booke called EneMyidio" militu
Chrutiani,5which beynge translated, he delyuered
Graphic points showing the narrative to be at
fi rst hand.
What unconscious satire!
5 That is, Ene/dridion It/ilitis CA,.istia"i [The
Pocket Dagger of the Christian Soldier] written by
B
10 WILLIAM TYNDALES ANTECEDENT CAREER.
Fox's FIRST ACCOUNT, 1563-
helpe in effect to the cootlat'y. But"tben did he
t ranslate into Englyshc a booke called as II remem-
ber Enchiridum militu Cltro/ian;.- The whiche
being translated, deliuerc:d to his maister and Lady.
And after they halide read that booke, those great
prelate5 wcrc no morc SO often called to the house,
nor when they came, had the cheare nor counten-
ance as tbey were wOOl to haue, the whiche they
did well perceiue, and that it was by the meanes
and incensing of maister TyndaU, and at the last
came 00 morc there.
After that, when there was a sytting of the by-
shops comissarie or chaunccIor : And warning was
geuen to ye priests to apeare. maisler Tindal was
also warned to be there. And whether he bad
knowledge by their threa.(t]ning, or yat he did sus-
pect yat thei would Jay to his charge. it is not now
perfidy in my mynde, but thus he tolde me that he
doubted their uaminations, so that he in his going
thetherwardes prayed in his minde haJtely to God
to strengthen him. to stande (aste in the truthe of
his worde, so he being there before them, they
layde sore to his charge. sayng he was an heretike
in Sophistry. an heretike in Logike. an heretike in
his diuinitie. and so continueth. But they sayde
voto hym, you beare your selfe holdely of the
Gentlemen here in this countrey, but you shall be
otherwyse talkcd with. Then maisterTyndal aun-
swered them. I am ,contcntt that you bryng me
where you wyll into anye countrey within England,
geuing me x. pound [ISO] a yeare to lyue with.
So you bynde me to nothing but to tcache children
and preache. Then had they nothing more to saye
to hym, and thus he departed and went home to
his maister agayne.
There dwelt not (ar of an olde doctour that had
bene Acchechauncelour to a bysboppe, the whi che
was of olde familiar acquaintaunce with maister
Tyndal, who also (auoured him well, to whome
Erasmus at Audomarum (St. Orner] in l SOI. 'It
openly taught . that the true Christian's re-
ligion. instead of consisting in the aceertance of
scholastic dogmas/ or the performance 0 outward
rites and ceremOnies, really consists in a true self
sacrificing loyalty to Christ, h-15 ever Prince;
that life is a warfare, and that the Chrisuan must
Fox's SECOND ACCOUNT, 1570.
to his Maister and Lady. Who after they had read
and well perused the same, the Doctorly Prelates
were no more so often called to the house, neitber
bad they tbe cbeare and countenaunce when they
came, as before they had. Whi ch tbyng they mark-
yng and well perceiuing, and supposing no lesse but
it came by the meanes of M. TflJdall, refraYDed
them selues,andat last vtterly withdrew themselues,
and came no more there.
}J, tbIs grewe on, the Priestes of the countrey
c1ust ring t ogether, began to R'rudge and storme
against Ty1Ulall, rayling agaynst bym in alehouses
and other places. Of whom TytUiall him sel( in
his prologue before ye first hooke of Moses.
[TAl entire is reprilltu/ hll'W.]
It folowed not long aner tbis, that there was a
sittyng of tbe bishops Oancellour appointed, aDd
warnyng was giuen to the Priestes to appcare:
amongest whom AI. TYlldal/ was also warned to
bee there. And whether he had any misdoubt by
their threatnynges. Or knowledge giuen him that
they would lay some thinges to hi s cbarge, it is
vncerteine: but certein this is (as he bym self
declared) that he doubted their priuye accusations:
so that he by the wayin goyng thetherwardes,cryed
in hys mynde hatt[e]ly to God, t o him strength
fast to stand in the truth of bys worde .
Then when the tyme came of hYs appcaraunce
before tbe Chancellour, be threatned him greuously,
reuilytlg and ratyog hym as though bee had bene a
dogll:e,and layd to his charge manythynges, whereof
no accuser yet could be brought forth (as commonly
t hei r maner is, not t o bryng foorth the accuser) not-
withstandyng that the Priestes of the countrey the
same tyme were there present. [TAis is taRm
/"m, IAI prTJUJpt: "t/urlAn- cn.] And thus AI.
TytUinll after those exa.min.ations escapyng out of
their handes, departed home and returned to his
master agayne.
There dwelt not fane of a certaine Doctour that
had ben an old Chaunccllour before to a Byshop,
who had ben of old familiar acquayntance with
M. TpuJall and also fauored hym weU. VnlO
sacrifice his evil lusts and passions, and spend his
strength, not in the punuit of his own pleasure.
but in active service of his Prince.' F.SEE80HIoI,
Tlu Rt/lWmn's, p. 173, Ed. 186g.
I 3. p. 9.
j 5,P. 9
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER. 11
Fox's FIRST ACCOUNT, 1563.
maister Tyndall went and op[en,Jed his mynde vpon
diuerse questions of the scriptures, (or he dunt
boldly open vnto hym his mynde. That auncient
doctor saide, do you Dot knowe yat the Pope is the
very Antichrist, whiche the scripture speaketh of,
but beware what yc saye, (or if you shal be per-
ceiued to be of Illat opinioD, it will cost you your
lyre, and sayde, I haue bene an officer of his, but
I haue geuen it vp and defie him and all his
workes.
And sone after Maisler Tyndall happened to be
in the compaaie of a learned man, and in commun_
ing and disputing with him, droue him to that issue
that the learned manne sayde, we were better be
without Gods lawe then the Popes: Maisler Tyn-
dall hearing that, answered hym, I defie the Pope
and all his lawes. and sayde, if God spare my Iyfe
crc many yeares, I wyl C3.use a boye that dryueth
ye plough, shall knowe more of the scripture then
tho.u doest.
(Tlu first aoud is roiatntly kit" 1u7?, /JS
it felts us llu casion 0/ '''it Repl)': see aWve.]
Shortly after that he required his maister Welche
of his good wyll to depart from h'ym, saying to
hym. syr: I perceiue that I shal not be suffered to
tary long here in this countrey, Dor you shalbe
able to kepe me out of thei r handes, and what dis-
pleasure you might haue therby is harde to knowe.
for the whiche 1 should be ryght sory. So with
the good wyl of his Maister he departed from hym
to London, and there laried a whyle and preachcd.
But it was not longe after but he departed out of
the Realme into Germanic, and there put forthe
certame bookes of the olde Testament and the hole
newe Testament, into the Englyshe tongue, with
other diuerse bookes of his owne compiling. the
whiche he sent from thence iDto Englande, wherby
Fox's SHCOND ACCOUNT. J510'
whom Maister Tytulall went and opened hYli
mynde vppon diuer! questions of the ScriptUl"C: for
to hym hee dunt bee bold to disclose his hart. Vnto
whom the Doctour sayd: do you IIOt know that the
Pope is very Allti christ, whom the Scripture
speaketh off But beware what you say: for if
you sh3.lbc perceiucd to be of that opinion, it will
cost you your Iyfe, and sayd moreouer, I haue bene
an officer of hys, but I haue gyuen it vp and defie
hym and aU hys workes.
It was not loog after, but /If. Tyndall happened
t o be in the companye of a certayne Diuine recoun-
ted for a learned man, and in commoning and dis
puting with hym, hee droue bym to that issue, that
the sayd great Dactour burst out into these blas-
phemous wordes, and sayd : we were betl ef to be
without Gods law t hen the Popes. /If. Tytui411
hearyng this, (ull of godly teale and not bearyng
that blasphemous saying, replyed agayne and sayd :
I dene the Pope and all hys lawes: ahd further ad-
ded that if God spared hym \i(e, ere many yeares
he would cause a boy that driueth the plough to
know more of the Scripture, then he did,
After this the grudge of the Priestes increasing
sti ll more and more against Ti1lliiJll, they neuer
ceased barkyng and ratyng at hym, and layd many
sore thynges to his charge, saying yat he was an
hereticke in Sopbistry, an hereticke in Logicke, and
an hereticke in Diuinitie : and sayd moreouerto hym
that he bare bym selfe bold of tbe Gentlemen there
in that country: but notwithstandyng, shortlY hee
should bee ot herwise talked withall. To whom M.
TYlldallaunsweryng agayne thus sayd: that he was
contented they should bryng bim into any C(Iun-
trey ill all Engbnd, giuyng him x. Ii , (r50] a yete
to lrue with, and byndyng hym to DO more hut to
te:lch children and to preache.
To bee sbort, M. TyJUiall beyng so molested and
yexcd in the couotrey by the Priestes, was con-
Sl.r.lyned to Jcaue that countrey and to 5 C k ~ an other
place: and so commyng to M. Welt:1u he desi red
hym of bys good will, that hee might (lepalte (rom
hym, saying on this wise to bym: Syr, I perceaue
I shall not bee suffered t o tUfe long here in this
countrey, neither shal you be hable though you
would, to kepe me out of the handes of the spiri tu-
altie, and also what displeasure might crow thereby
to you by kepyng me, God knoweth: for the whiche
1 should be right sory. So that in fine, M_ Tytuiall
with the good will of his master, departed and
ertsooncs came vp to Loadon, and there preached
a while, attordyng as hee had dOlie ia tbe countrey
B 2
12 WI LLIA M TYNDALE'S A NTE CEDENT CAREER.
Fox's FIRST ACCOUNT, 1563_
sence thankes be geuen to God, the dore of Iyght
into the scri ptures, hath and dailie is more and more
opened vnlO 'S, the whiche before: was many yearc:&
dosed in darkenes. pp. 513"*4. Ed. 1563.
Fox's Se:COND ACCOUNT, '570.
before, and speciall y about the town of Bristowe,
and also in the sayd towne, in the common place
called Saint AusUns Greene,'
.JJ. Ed. 1510.
3. Earlier than the testimony of the Author of the Memorandum
preserved by Fox, is the evidence that comes out in the ' trouble' of
Humphrey Monmouth. In answer to twenty-four articl es of heresy
charged against him, in May, 1528, Monmouth wrote to Wolsey and the
Council the following petition, here reprinted from J. Strype's Ecclesiastical
Memorials, I., Part II., Pt. 363- 7, Ed. 1822 ; who gives it verbatim: the
originals themselves are in Harl. MS., 425, Articles 4 and S.
UlltD most hDuQraole Lord Lertrle, alld Clurllullor of Encland, mul tD tI,e AD1UJraole CDlmul
1mtD )'DIW Suiferai" Lord, Klirr Hellry VIII. flu x u/A day Df May, and i" tAe xxlA yere Df his
raig-1le; cesr(IIl'ur Your Grau, and al my lords ""d mast ers, tD have pi/ie Oil me, jJtMr pilotur ill. flu
Towre of Londo1l, fit y our pluure.
THE xiiiith d:\ y of May, and in the yere abovesaid, Si r Thomas Moore, Knight , and Sir Will iam
Kingeston, Knight, and of the Kinges noble CounsaiIJ , sent (or me unto Sir J ohn Dauncies, and of the
same Counsail1 , and there t hey examyned me what letters and what books I receved lately from beyond
the seas, and I said, None, nor never had of trewthe. And what exhibition I did give to any bodie
beyond t he sea. I said, None in three yeres past: and examyned me, whether I was acquaynted with
many persons' Of the which r was acquaimed with none of them to my knowledge and remembrance.
I told them in iiii yeres past I did give unto a Priest called Sir' William Tyndal, otherwyse c:nlled Hotchens.
And then Sir Thomas Moore and Si r William Ken[,)yston had me home to my house, and serched it, and
saw al the letters and books in my howse to my knowledg, by my faith: and there they found no lett res
t hat t hey regarded, nor Ynglish books but five or six printed, the which they regarded not; and they left
them with me as they found them. And from thence I went again to Sir J ohn Dauneys, my special good
master, and he brought me the same day to the Towre of London, and delivered me unto Sir Edmonde
Kt. , and Lyftenant of the Towre.
Upon iiii yeres and a half past , and mote,' I herde the foresaid Sir Will iam preach ii or iii sennons
.at St . Don5tone, in the west , in London; and after that I chaunced to meet with him, and with com-
munication I cxamyned what Iyving he had. He said he had none at all, but he trusted to be with my
Lord of London in his service. And thenore I had the better fantasy t o him, And afterward he
went to my Lord and spake to him, as he told me, and my L. of London answered him, that he had
Chaplaiaes inough, and he said t o him, that he would have no mOte at that tyme. And so the Priest came
1 Every preaching trip to Bri stol involved a thirty
mil es' walk, fifteen each way.
S Priests, at this time and previously, received
the title of Sir, as a !!lark of respeCt ; as we now
designat<e laymen, Esquire.
S Thi s fixes precisely the date of Tyndale's comins:
t o London. He must have begun to preach immedl'
ately on arrival. Monmouth spoke with him be/ort! he
applied to Tonsta!!. Four yeres and a halfe past'
wO\lld be 19th November, 1523 ; ' andmore'would, at
the latest. place Tyndale'sj oumey totown in October
of that year. He stays with Monmouth six months
according to Monmouth's account, who would
naturall y represent his stay as shott as possible:
almost an yere' he says himsel f, see page 16_
I n four yeres past ' Monmouth did give exhibition
unto Tyndale ; I did paie it him, when he made
his exchange to Hamborow.' ThereforeTyndaie
left England about May 1524. 'Within a year after
he sent for his [other] ten pounds to me from Ham-
borow, and thither 1 sent it him'; say about March
1525. Tyndale Iherefore IcCt Hamburgh for Cologne
in the summer of IS'S' He probably stayed not long
there; but being discnvered . he escaped with Roy
up the Rhine, and came to Worms about September
1525; and then and there working unremi ttingly-
the actual translation being probably already
finished-saw the two editions thTO\lgh the press, by
the end of that year
WILLIAM T YNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER. 13
t o me ag:aine, and besought me to help him, and so I took him into my house half a yett: and there he
lived like a good Priest, as methought. He studied most part of the day and or the night, at his book;1
and he would eat but sodden meat by his good wil, nor drink but small sinj!;le beer. I never saw him
weare linnin about him in the space he was with me. I did promys him xl. sterling [150] , to praie (or
my father and mother there sowles, and'al Christen sowles. 1 did paie it him, when he made his exchange
to Hamborow. Afterwards he gol of some other men xl. sterling [.elSO] more, the which he left with me.
And within a yere afttr he sent for his ten pounds to me from Hamborow: and thither I sent it him by
onc Hans Coltenbeke, as I remember is his name, a merchant of the Stilyard. And since I never sent
him the value of one peny, nor never wil. I haue given more exhibitions to skollers in my dayes, than t o
t hat Priest. Mr. Doctor Royston, Chaplen to my Lord of London, hath cost me more than XL or L
pounds sterling [600 or 750]. And also Mr. Doctor Wwderal, Provinciall of Friar Austynes, hath
cost me as much, or more. Mr. Doctor \ Vatson, Chaplain to the Kings good Grace, hath cost me some-
what, and somewhat I have given to skollers at his request, and to divers priests and fryers: ant.! yf any
of those other should chaunce to turn, as that Priest hath done, as God forbid, were I to blame for giving
them exhibiti on ?
The foresaid Sir William left me an English book, called Endlirjdio".1 The which book the Abbes of
Dcnnye desyred yt of me, and I sent yt to her. And that howse hath cost me more than L pounds
sterling [7,50]. I could reherse many more. I do not say this because I wold be praised, as God Knoweth,
but bicause your Gr. and my Lords of the Counsell should know that I have spent more for the love of
Cod, after the counsil of good Doctors, than of tlult one Priest.
Another book 1 had of the same copie:
2
a Frier of Grenwich desired yt of me, and 1 gave yt him. 1
think my Lord of Rochester hath it. I had two books in English wrytten ; the one was called the Pater
Noster, an old book.
1
How yt came tomy howse, on my faith I cannot te!; and the other book is called
Dt Libtrlalt Christiana." I receved him of one Arnold, a yong man that is gone'into Spain to a gentle-
m.:ln whose name is Mr. Woodall, tlult went with Sir J ohn Wingfe!d, Kt . Embassador into SPa-ine. I
delivered those two books to the Father Confessor of Sion. And also I delivered him a book of the N.
Testament, the whi ch book my L. of London had. Al so, I had a litle treatise, that the Priest sent me,
when he sent for his mony. And all those books, save the books of the N. Testament, laye openly in my
house for the space of two yeres or more, that every man might rede on them that would, at thei r pleasure.
I never harde priest, nor fryer, nor lay man find any great fault in them. And so I trust in our Lord
God, that your good Grace, nor none of my lords and masters of the Kings noble Councel, wi l find any
great faults in any of them, when it shal please your Gr. or any of the Councel to read them or hear them.
And 50 1 trust in our Lord God I shal be gyltless for any evil books, or any other thing that hath been
surmysed wrongfully on me. And yf mine accusers be wei examined, pemdventure they should be found
more fawlty than J shal be, when the trewth shal be known.
I have shewed the book called The E"chiridhm to Mr DQCtor \Vatson, and to Mr Doctor Stochouse,
Parson of Lauame, [Lavenham,l in Suffolk, and to many other, that never found fault in him to my
I i.e. Studying: but undoubtedly his chief book
was the New . And even in the bisshope
of londons house I entended to h.we done it,' see
p. 16. Once ensconced in Monmouth's house, he
appears to have ceased to preach and to ha\'e
devoted himself unremittingly to the task of trans-
lation : and that work he continued-singlehanded
doing lhis great task-for the next two years, as he
says, even very necessitie and combraunce tGod
is recorde) aboue strengt h eaused that
many thynges are bck)'nge.' So that there re-
mained but to polish hiS version; and to see it
correctly printed.: when Tyndale was able to make
arrangements for the secret impression at Cologne,
and to obtai n Roy's assistance in coilating, etc.
I Evidently copies by Monmouth's amanuensis,
my servant that' did writ e,' of TyndaIe's transla
tion of Erasmus' book.
I Evi dently some old English exposition or para
phrase of the Lord's Prayer. Tyndale, in his
A nswcrt to flfore states that the Bishop of London
James] wold haue made the old deane Colet
[d. 16 Sept. 15191 of raules an heretyke/ for trans-
btynge the Pater noster in englyshe/ had not the
bysshope of canterbury holpe the deane.' /01. 104. 6.
i ThiS is the title of a tract by Luther, first
published with his leiter to Pope Leo X., dated 6
Sept. 1520, in Latin, at Wittenberg, in 1520, in
which year two 410 editions were printed there,
one occupyina: 18, the other 21 leaves. Luther
again printed It there In 1521, in an edition of 20
leaves.
The tract is written on these two propositions .
I. A Chdstian man i4 a molt /ru lord rif aii,
1I11o/ccJ t o "OIU. 2. A Christian m41J i.r a most
dutifulse1"Vant 0/ all, .rub/tet to all. Monmouth
appears to have h::.d a wryuen' English transla-
tIon of one of these Latin editions.
14 WILLIAM TVNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER.
knowledg: and to the Father Confessor or Syon. and to hlr Martyn, Priest and Parson of Totingcbekc.
And also the other two books, called the and Likrtate Christiann., I think they looked
them most part over, and they found no fault at them. But in one of them, De Li/Jerlate Chn'$Iiatra.
they said, there was in him things somewhat hard, except the reader were wyse. And by my faith there
was a1 the fault that ever I herde of them. If I had thought tht-y had not been good, or put any mistrust
in any ofthem, I would not have shewed them openly to so many mcn as I did. But mine accusers unto
YOUf noble Gr. I think did never read them over: and yf they did, they were to blame, that they had Dot
the order of charity with them. And yf they had shewed me, that they had been nought or evil books, yf
they had been lemed, I would have given credence to them, and done them immediately away. And y(
lhad then kept them, and they had complayned, then I had bene worthy to have bene punysiled. 1 pray
GOO (orgive them, as I would be (orgeven my scI(.
When I harde my Lord o( London! preach at Pawl es Cross, that Sir William Tyndal had translated
the N. Testament into English, and was noughtilie translated, that was the first time that ever I suspected
or knew any evil by him. And shonely after, al the lettres and treat yes that he sent me, with dyvers
. copies of books that my servant did write, and the sermons that the Priest did make at St. Dunstoncs, I did
burne them in my hawse. He that did write them did se it. I did burne them (or (ear or the translator,
more than ror any yllthat I knew by them.
tr it like your Grace, for this imprisonment I have uth:rly lost my name, and also my litle credence ,
whi ch I had, ror ever. The which is the greatest loss, and the more sorrow and shame, that ever I had in
my Iilfe. I occupy with divers clothe men in Suffolk, and in other places. The which have wekely some
o( them, as they send up their clothes, most have their mony. And y( they (ail o( their monye, they say,
they cannot set the poore (olks aworke. There is divers cl othe-men, the which I buy al their clothes that
they make. And y they should go offer them to sci to other men now at tbis time, they wold bid them go
and sci where they were wont to sci , when the sale was good; and so the poor men should have great loss.
I wont to scI (or most part every yete iiii or v hundred clothes to strangers, which was worth to the
Kinges Gr. in hiscustomes, more than though I had shipped. over mysel( five times so many.s. I was wont
betwixt Chrystmas and Whytsontide to sci most part of them. And o( trewthe as yet since Chrystmas, I
have sold but Jl[xii clothes, nor I send over none, nor no man :u:eth (or none: I praye God amend it, whan
yt shal please him. And y( I leye here in prison long, I cannot belp my selr more, nor none other man
but shal be utterly undon for ever: and if your Gr. be not good 2Ild merciful unto me . God is merciful,
and wil rorgive them that be penitent, and :ueth (orgivenes. I trust in the Lord I have not olfended your
Gr. nor none o(my lords nor masters o( the Kinges noble Counsail, willingly. n9r to my knowledg. And
yf I have, I besecbe your good Gr. and al my lords aDd masters, to (orgive me, as you wou1d that God
should rorgive you.
Vf I had broken most part o( the Ten Commandments of God, being penitent, and confesscd, [I sbould
be forgiven, ] by reason of certen vardons that I have, the which my company and I had graunted when
we were at Rome, goi ng to Jerusalem, of the holl y Father the Pope, <I and <I Ojlpa, (or certain
t imes in the yere. And that I trust in God I receved at Easter last past; (unhermote I rece"ed, when
your Gr. was last at Pawles, I trust in God, your pardon o( <I :Ja1lfZ. and <lOjIJp ; the which I beleve
verily, y( I had don never so great offences, being penitent and confessed, 2Ild alling (orgiveness, that I
6hould have (orgivenes. BescchiDg your Gr. and al my lords and masters.to pardon me 2Ild to (orgive
me, as I . hal be your poor headman during my liffe : and that the hi. Trinitie, and our bi. lady Saint
Marie, and al the holly company o( heaven, may help you al at your most neede ill vertue and grace,
A""n. I beseche your Gr. and al my lords and masters, to pardon me o( my tude wry tinge and termcs.
I am unl erned ; my witt is no better_
By your poor bedman and prysoner at your Gr's pleasure,
Humfrye }Jumnouthe, Draper of London.
reveretuiipa.lm ChrullICutlJJerli LtutdonEpucoji, Hum/ndus MI",,,,out"
se sc";psust ula.lrt:fZ.rltu.
1
1 Tonstall returned rrom Spain in the first week o(
April 1526. I am una ... le to fiJI[ the date of this
scrmon; to whi ch we sball find so many references:
it is a central date in this history, and should i(
possible be recovered .
An appeal to the lOng's pocket_
s Monmouth, having many(riends, was let out of
the Tower. He became Sheriff o( London in 1535.
WiLLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER. 15
Whet1"! er this petition represent the religious opinions of Monmouth at
its date j or whether it be a most subtle representation of all those of his
acts which harmonized most with "the shibboleths pf the older' faith '; may
now perhaps be hard to determine. But it is clear that he
turned more and more to the Reformation. In his remarkable will, dated
16th November, 1537, is the following provision:-
And I wyl that my Lord Byshop of Worcester [i.e. H<lgb Lat imer], Doctor Barnes, Doctor Crome, and
Mayster Tayllour [AU four ultra-Protestants] shal preach in my paryshchurch aforesayd (Alhallowes in
Barkynge of London], every week two sermonds, ty! they have preached among them xxx. sermonds : and
I wyl gyve them (or every sermonde lCiiir. iiiid. Lelo]. And yf any of these foresayde persons cannot be
there to preach these sermonds, than I wyi that the other supplie his place, that shal be absent : so that
after they have begonne to preach, (which I wold have them do immediatlyafter my buryal,) they shal
..:ontynue wekely every welte, tyl the said xxx. sermonds be al preached, except there be an urgent calise,
allowed by myn e:xecutours and supervisour, to the contrary. And that" this thing may be perfourmed the
better, I bequeihe to eyther of myn especial and singular good Lords, Syr Thomas Audeley, Knyght,
Lord Chauncellour, and Syr Thomas Cromwel , Knyght, Lord Crumwel, a standyng cup of sylver and
gylte, of the value of x. pounds [J50], that they may be good Lords to these foresayd preachers, to helpe
them and maynteyne them, that they be suffered to preach the forsayd sermonds quietly, to the laud and
prayse of Almyghty God, to the settyng forth of my Prynces goc;l lyand hevenly purposes, to t he' utter
abolyshyng and elCtincting of the usurped and false fayned power of the Byshop of Rome.I-STRYI'K,
Eccles. Mm, . I . Part II., I. 369., Ed. IS" .
1,.. Yet still more authoritative, is the by Tyndale of himself. In
what is usually known as his preface to the Pentateuch, but which is actually
that to The fyrst boke of Moses called Genesis, the printing of which book
at Marburg was finislled on 17th January, 1531 j Tyndale cautiously refers
to his early life ; without naming th9se of his friends, whom to name would
have been to have thrown in prison. We give the preface entire.
w. T. To the Reader.
l\1
Hen I had translated the newe t estament/ I added a pistlevnto the latter eode/ In which I desyred
them yat were learned to amend if ought were founde amysse. But oure malicious and wylye
hypocrytes which are so stubbume and hard herted in their weked abhominacions that it is not
possible for them- to amend any thinge at all (as we see by dayly e:xperience when their both
lyvinges and doinges are rebuked with the trouth) sayel some of them that it is impossible to translate the
scripture in to English/ some that it is not lawfull for the laye people to have it in their mother tonge/
some that it wold make them all heretykes/ as it wold no doute from many thinges which they of longe
tyme have falsly taught/ and that is the whole cause wherfore t hey forbyd itl though they other c10kes pre-
ten de. And some or rather every onel saye that it wold make them ryse ageynst the kingel whom they
them selves (mto theirdamnatyon) never yet obeyed, And leste these temporall rulars shuld see their
falsehod/ if the scripture cam to light/ causeth them so to lye.
And as for my translation in which they afferme vnto the taye people (as I haue hearde saye) to be I
wotte not how many thousande heresyesl so that it can not be mended or correcte/ they haue yet taken so
greate payne to eJt:amyne itl and to cOmpare it vnto that. they wold fayne haDe it and to their awne imagi-
nations M.d iuggl inge termesl and t o haue some what to rayle atl and vnder that cloke to blaspheme the
I Thirty sermons remunerated at 10 each, and
two silver gilt cups of ISO each, making together
600 devoted to Jl seven months' protest against
the Papacy: such is the benefaction of this
large hearted and openhanded man, who thus
bequeathed a legacy of 15 to each of his (our
favourite preachers, upon the performance of, to
them, a congenial and easy duty.
16 WILLIAM TYNDALE'S AN TECEDENT CAREER.
treuth/ that they myght with as litle laboure (as I suppose) haue translated the moste parte of the bible.
For they which in tymes paste were wont to loke on no more scripture then they founde in their duns or
soch like deveiysh doctryne/ haue yet DOW' so narowiye loked on my translatyon/ that there is not so moch
as one I therin if it lacke a lytle over his hed/ but they haue noted itf and, !lombre it vnto tbe ignorant
people for an heresy. Fynallye in Ihis they be all agreed/ to dryve you from the"knowledge of the scripture/
and that ye shall not haue the textc therof in the mother longeJ and to kepe the world styli in darkenesse/
to th[e]entent they might sitt in the consciences orlhe people/ thorQw vayne superstition and false doctrine/
to satisfye their (ylthy lustes/ their proude ambition/ and 'Insatiable covetuousnesl and to exalte their
awne honoure aboue kinge and emperourel yee and aboue god him silfe.
([ A thousand hokes had they lever to be put forth agenste their abhominable doynges and doctrine/ then
that the scripture shulde come to light. For as longe as they may kepe that dounel they will so darken the
ryght way with the mist e of their sophistrye/ and so tangle them that either rebuke or despyse tbeir
abhominations with argumentes of philosophye and with worldly symylitudes and apparent reasollS of
naturall wisdom. And with wrestinge t he scripture 'Into their awne purpose clene contrarye vnto ye processe/
order and meaninge of the texte/ and so delude them in descantynge vppon it with al1igoryes/ and amase
them expoundinge it in manye senses before the vnlemed laye people (when it hath but one si mple Iitterall
sense whose li ght the owles can not abyde) that though thou feale in thyne harte and arte sure how that all
is false yat they saye/ yet coudeste thou not solve their sot le rydles.
([ Which thinge onlye moved me to translate the new testament. Because I had perceaved by ex-
peryence/ how t hat it was impossible to stablysh the laye people in auy truth except/ ye scripture were
playnly layde before thei r eyes in their mother tonge! that t hey mi ght se the processe/ Oldre and meaninge of
the texte : for els what so ever truth is taught them/ these ennymyes of 3.1\ truth qwench it ageyne/ partly.with
the smoke of their bottoDllesse pytte wherof thou read est apocalipsis. ix. that is/ with apparent reasons of
sophistrye and tradi tions of their awne makyngef founded with out grounde of scripturel and partely in
iugglinge with the texte/ expoundinge it in soch a sense as is impos:sible to gether of the t exte/ if thou
see the processe orore and meaninge therof.
([ And even in the bisshope of londons house I entended to have done iL 1 For when I was so
t urmoyled in tIl e contre where I was that I coude no lenger there dwell (the processe wherof were t o longe
here to reherce) I this wyse thought in my silfe/ this I suffre because the prestes of the contre be vnlearned/
as god it knoweth there. are a full ignorant sorte which haue sene no more Jatyn then that they read
in their portesse, and missales which yet many of them can scacely read (except it be A loer/us tk
SIC1'IJiS ffluiilt'lI1n in which though they be never so , oryly lerned/ they pore day and night and
make notes therein and all to teach the rnydwyves as they say/ and /inwod. a boke of cunstitutions to
gether tithes/ mortuaryes/ offeringes/ customs! and other pillage/ which they callel not theirs but/ godes
parte and the deuty of holye chirchl t o discharge their consciences 'With all: for they are bound that they
shall not dimynysh, but encreace all thinge vnto the vttmost of their powers) and thereore (because they
nrc thus vnJerned thought I) when they come to gedder t o the alehouse/ which is their preachinge place/
they afferme that my sai nges are heresy. And besydes yM they adde to of thir owne heddes which I
never spake/ as the maner is to prolonge the talc to shorte(n] the tyme with all/ and accuse me
the chaunceJare and other the hishopes officersj And in deade when I cam before the chauncelare/ be
thretened me grevously/ aud revyied me and rated me as though I had bene a doggej and layd to my
charge wherof there coude be none accuser brought forth (as their maner is not to bringe forth the
accuser) and yet all the prestes of ye contre were yat same daye there. As J this thought the bisbope of
london came to my remembrance whom Erasmus (whose tonge maketh of litle gnattes greate elephantcs
and lineth vpp aboue the starres whosoever gevet.h him a litle exhibition] prayseth excedingJy amonge
other in his annotatyons on the new testament for his great learninge. Then thought I I if I might come
to this ' mannes service/ I were happye. And so I gate me to londonj and thorow the accoyntaunce of
1 How Tonstall must have gnashed when he
read this. alld recalled to mind the person and
manner of Tyndale at their interview nearly fi ve
yeats before I
Tit, PrMli'l&l'n/ Ctmstiltltic1u 0/ t ltl! Eng/is"
Chunk. in Latin, were compiled byWilliam.Lynde '
wode, [who became of St. Davids, 14 Aug.
was Lord Privy Seal to Henry V.; and.died.
Oct. 1446) about 1433. It was one of the earliest
printed books in England; and several editions were
printed at Paris before 1520.
WILLIAM TYNDALE'S ANTECEDENT CAREER. 17
OlY master came to sir harry gilford the 1.:inges graces C(lunt",llerj and brought him an oration of !socrates
which 1 had translated out of greke in to English! and dcsyred him to speake vnto my !arde of london (or
mel which he also dId as he shewed mel and willed me 10 write a pistle 10 my lordc/ and to goo to him my
silf which I alsodidJ and delivered my pistlc 10 a servant of his awne/ one wyllyam hebilthwaytc, a man or
myne old accoyntaunce. But god which knoweth. what is within hypocrites! sawe that I begylcd/ and
that that counccl! was not the Dext c way voto my purpose. And thennrt he gate me no (a,voure in my
Jordes sight.
e[ Wherevppon my lorde answered mel his house was full I he had rno then he coude well .linde} and
advised me to seke in london/ wher he $lyd I wude not lacke a service' And $0 in london I abode
almoste an yerel and marked the course of the worldel a nd hcrde our pratars/ I wold say oure
how they basted them selves and their hye authoritel and beheld the pompe of oure prelates and how
besyed they were as they yet are} to set peace and vnite in the worlde (though it be not possible for them
that walke in darkenessc to continue longe in peace/ for the y can not but ether stomble or dash the m selves
at one thinge or a nother that shall clene vnquyet allt ogedder) and sawe thinges wherof I deferre to speake
at this tyme and vnderstode at the laste not only that there WllS no rowme in my lorde of londons palace
to translate the new testament/ but also that there was DO place to do it in all englonde/ as experience doth
now openly declare.
([ Vnder what maner therfore shuld I now submi tte this hoke to be corrected and amended of theml
which can suffer nothinge to be well! Or what protestacyon shuld I make in soch a matter vnto our
those stu bburne Nimrothes whi ch $0 mighteiy fiRht agenste god and resiste his holy spiritel
enforceynge with all CQfte and sllteite to qwench the light of the everlastinge testamentl promysesj' and
apoyntemente made betwene god and vs: a nd heapinge the firee wrath of god vppon all princes and
ruJarsi mockinge them with false fayned names of hypocrysye/ and servinge thei r 11Lstes at all poyntes} a nd
dispensinge with them even of Ihe vcry lawes of god/ of which Christe him silf testifieth Matthew. v. yat
not so moch as one titt le theroi may peflish or be broken. And of which the propheie sayth Psalme.
cxviij. Thou haste eommaunded thy lawes to be keple mtl1d/ yat if> in hebrew ucedingiy/ with all diligence
might and pawed and haue made them $0 mad with their iugs:linge charmes and crafty persuasions that
t hey tmnke it full sat isfaction for all their weked Iyvinge( to torment soch as tell them trouth/ and to borne
the warde of their soules helth andsle whosoever beleve theron.
([ Not withstondi nge yet I submytte this hoke and all other that I haue other made or translated, or
shall in tyme to come (if it be goddes will that I shall further laboure in his hervest) vnto a!! them that
5ubmytte them selves vnto the worde of godl to be corrected of theml yee and to be disalowed
and also bumte/ ifit seme worthy when they have examyned it wyth the hebrue/ $0 that tbey first put fonh
of their awne lfanslatinge a I10ther that is more correcte.
5. It will help us to understand what manner of man Tyndale was, if
we consider the account that Fox gives of him, at a period some eight or
ten years later on, in his prefixed to the edition of his fVorka (London,
' 573, fol.) above referred to.
And here to ende and conclude this hi story with a fewe notes touching his priuate behauiour in dyet,
study, and his charitable zeal e and tender releu ing of Ihe poore: "yrst he was a man very
fruga!!, and spare of body, (Fox had previously slated that Tyndale was' a man of no great stat ure '1 a great
$ludent and earnest laborer , namely in the setting forth of ye Scri ptu res oC God. He reserued or halowed
to hymselCwij. dayes in the weeke, whi ch he named his dayes of and those dayes were Monllay
the first day in the ",eeke, and Satterday the last day :n the weeke. On the Monday he visited a!! suche
poore men and women as were fled out of England by reason of persecution into Antwarp, a n,j those well
vnderstanding their good exercises and qualities he did very li berally comfort and relieue: and in like
maner prolLided (or the sicke and desea.o;ed persons. On the Saucrday he walked round about the towne
in Antwarpe, seeking out euery Corner, and h.>le where he suspected any poore person to dwell, (as God
knoweth there a re manr) and where he found any to be well occupied, and yet ouerburdened ..... ith
children, or e1s were aged, or weake, those al$O hee plentefully releued. And thus he 5pent his ij. dayes
of pastime as he cauled them. Azld truelyc his Alnlose was very large and great : and so it might well bee :
C
18 THE PRINTING AT COLOGNE.
(or his exhibition that he had yearJeyof the Englisht merc:hauntes was very much, and that for the most
pan he bestowed vpon the poore as afore sayd. The rest of the dayes in the wecke he gaue hym wholy
to his booke where in most diligently he tralleled. When the Sonday came, then went he to some onc
merchaunts chamber, or other, whether carne many other merchauDt es: and vnto them would he reade
some one percell of Scripture. cyther out of the olde testament, or out of the new, the whi ch proceded so
fruIt fully, sweetely and gentcly'from him (much like to the writing of S. lohn the Euangelest) that it
was a heauenly comfort and ioy to the audience to heart him reade the $Cnptures: and in likewise after
dinner, he an houre in the aforesayd maner. He was a man without any spot, or blemishe of rancor.
or mali ce, full of mercy and compassion, so that no man Iiuing was able to reprooue him of any kinde of
sinne or cryme, albeit his righteousnes and iusti fication depended not there vpoD before God. but onely
vpon the bloud of Christ, and his fayth vpon the same: in ... hich iaith constantly he dyed, as is sayd at
Filforde [VilvordeJ . and now resteth with glorious campany of Christes Martyrs blessedly in tho Lord,
who be blessed in all bis saintes Amen.
Thus much from friends: the next testimony comes from a bitter enemy.
II. The Printing at Cologne.
Great allowance must be made in considering this hostile testimony, in
respect both to the ignorance and the animus of Roman Catholic writers, in
matters connected with the vernacular translation of the New Testament.
Guessing causes for that, the occasion of which they were ignorant of, they
hazarded all manner ot statements contrary to the fact : while as to motives,
they could see, or at the least would acknowledge little that was upright and
noble in the Reformers.. Making, however, all necessary deductions, we
shall recover much valuable information through these antagonistic
writers. .
1. J OHN DOBNECK, surnamed COCHLJEUS, an incessant pamphleteer, and
virulent antagoni st to Luther, in a controversy with Alexander Ales of
Scotland, as to the free reading of the Scriptures, printed a letter to
James V. of Scotland, (Colophon dated Dresden, vi. Idus Junij [10 June]
1533,) of which the title is An !aids, legere Noui Testallltnti libros
lingua vernacula? 'Whether it be expedient for the laity to read the books
of the New Testament in the native tongue?' In which occurs his earliest
printed reference to the secret printing at Cologne.
COCHl.JUS FI RST ACCOUNT.
Etenim ante annas octo,duo ex Anglia Apost:ttz:,
qui Vuittenbergae Teutbonicam edocti linguam, Lu-
theri nouum tesb.mentum in linguam Anglicanam
uerteranl , Coloniam Agrippinam uenerunl, tanquam
ad urbem AngHae uic:iniorcm, mercatuque
bri otem, et nauigij s ad transmittendum aptiorem.
ibique post rusticorum tumultum aliquamdiu I lati-
1 'The revolt of the peasants began on Igth J uly,
1524.' It ' spread with inconceivable rapidity from
TItAN5LATION.
And indeed eight years ago, two apostates from
England, who having learnt the German language
at Wittenbel'l had translated Testa-
ment into English, came to Cologne, being a eity
nearer to England, more frequented by commerce,
and better furnished with boats for conveyance :
and there, living in conce.alment for some time
l
Suabia to the districts on the Rhine, and 1I1to Fran-
conia, Thuringia, and Suony. All these counuies
THE PRIN TING AT COLOGNE. 19
COCHL)IJS' ,.IRST ACCOUNT.
tantes, c:onduxcrunt sibi in occulto Chalcographos,
ut mox primo aggressu tria milia exempl::uium
imprimerent, Cumquc eo in opere alacriter ingenti
spe procedcrent, iactitabanl consc.j Bibliopolae et
Cbalcographi, totam Angliam breui (ore Luthe-
ranam, uelint nolint Rex et Cardinali!. I d ego
into::l!igens. premonui quosdam Anglorum Regi
fidelts, qui et senatus authoritate malignam iII orom
machinationem interceperunt, ct Regcm tanti peri-
culi per literas admonuerunt. Vnde factum est, lit
ea iacula, fa:! iciter prz:ui sa, non potucmnt ferire
incautos, de quibus tantopere gloriati {uerant Lu-
lhcrani. A. vi .
TRANSLATION.
after the riots of the peasantry. they secretly hired
printers to print at first )000 copies. As tbey pro.
eded eagerly and hopefully in tbe work, the
booksellers and printers who knew of it bouted
that the whole 0" England would shortl y be Lu-
theran, whether the king and cardi nal wished it or
not. Hearing of this, I warned some faithful
servants of the king of England. who by authority
of the senate inter<;epted the evi l design and
warned the king by letter of. the danger. Thus it
happened, that these weapons, happily 'foreseen,
could not strike un3.wares the people or whom the
Lutherans had bol sted SO highly.
2. Cochlreus wrote De matrimonio strenissimi Regis Anglia, Henrici
Odavi, Congratulalio distutaloria (Colophon dated Lipsire, Feb. '535):
to which Sir Richard Morison replied in his ApomQxis Calu1nniarum ;:
Cochlai contra Henry -VIII. (Colophon dated London ' 537): to which
work Cochlreus rejoined with Scopa in oral/eas Richardi
Mot'ysini Allgli (Colophon dated Lipsire, March 1538) . In this last work,
Cochlreus again alludes to t h ~ printing at Cologne.
COCHLAtUS' SItCOND ACCOUNT.
Ego uero Morysine Re,ll:em tuum non segniter
laudaui, dum laude digna f3.ceret. Et possem pro-
{eab multo iust1uS ei ingratitudinis dic:am scribcre,
quam tu ~ s a r i nostro Opt . ae sanaiss. Principi.
Nam anno Domini M.D.XXV. cum essem pauper
et eltul per seditiosos plebis et rusticorum tumultus.
Coloma: constitutus, non solum indic:aui ei per
epistolam priuatam occuhas duorum Anglorum
contra regnum suum machinationes improbas,
quibus Lutheri Testamentum nouum in Anglicanam
linguam uersum,Colonioz excudc:batur, ut in Angliam.
in multis milibus occuhe transmitteretur, Verum
etiam et pubtice nuncupaui ei subsequente max
altero anno XI I. libros Ruperti Tuitiensis in
Apocalypsim I oannis, et librum plurium eiusdem
Ruperti opusculorum bene compactum, dono trans-
mlSl. I pse uero ad haec omnia perpetub mutus ad
me ac dissimulator permansit, paupertaUs et exilij
ni"ei prorsus immemor, Iicet eo tempore Lutherana:
secta: infensissj mus esset hostis et aduer.;.arius.
Vt mihi tunc suomet iudicio non minus pro iIIo
indicio meo de duobus Anglis. in r egni tran-
quillitatem male machinantibus, debueri t, quam
had revolted in J anuary, t 525.' D'Aubignl!, Hut .
tiftluRif_tWIf, ii. 343; Ed. 1855. The revolt
wa.I finall y suppressed by the defeat, OD ISth May,
TRANSLATION, BY MR. C. ANDERSON.
--
Dut , Morysin, I was not slow to praise your King,
when he did things that were worthy of praise; and
I could immediately writ e against him a charge of
ingratitude, much more justly than you can against
ourexcellcnt Emperor and most sacred Prince. For
in the year of our Lord MDXXV. when I was
poor, and by the seditions of the people and
tumult of the rustics settled an exile of Cologne.
not only did I discover to him, by a private epistle,
the secret wicked machinations of two Englishmen
against hi s kingdom, by whom the New Testament
(of Luther) translated inlO the English language,
was printed at Cologne, that it might be transmitted
secretly, in many thousands into England: But I
also forthwith, in the next year, publici dedicated
to him xii. Books of Rupert of Deua, on the Apo-
calypse of John, and I sent him, as a present, a
book, well bound, consisting of the greater part 01
the smal l works of the sai d Rupert. Dut, notwith
standing all these things, he still remained silent,
and took no notice of me, altogether unmindful 01
my poverty and exi le, although at that time he
was a most determined enemy and opposer of the
1525. of the peasants. by Philip, the Landgrave of
Hesse. Coc:hla:us places Tyndale's residence at
Cologne 50me time after the t umults.
- C
20 THE PRINTING AT COLOGNE.
COCHLJF.(JS SECON'D ACCOUNT.
debuit Assuerus pro indicio quod is
de duobus Eunuchis Rep pcriclita.uu per Hester
iuinuauerat. B. ij.
TRANSLATION, BY MR. C. A""OKRSON'.
Lutheran sect. So, then, tven in his own estimation,
he was indebted to me, for that discovery of mint,
concerning the two Englishmen, ploning wickedly
against thc peace of his kingdom: not less than
Ahasucrus was indebted to Mordecai, for the dis-
covery, which, through Esther, he uftbosomcd to
the King, when in j eopardy from his two cunucht.
A "nah 0/ 1M Eng. Bi/!/,: i. 61. Ed. J84$.
3. But the fullest account of tne secret impression given to us by
Cochlceus is in his history De Actis d Scriptis Marlini Lutheri, printed at
St. Victor's Mount, a monastery near Mayence [Moguntium] 1549, wherein
under the year 15261 occurs the following most important passage,
COCHLA3: US' Tllum ACCOUNT.
Verum Duo Angli Apostatz, qui aliquandiu
. (uerant Vuiu enbergz:,' nOD solum quaerebant
l ubuertere Mercatos 5UOS, qui eos oceulte in exilio
(ouebant et alebant: Verum etiam cunctos Angliac
populos, uolente nolente Rege, breui per nouum
Lut heri Testamentum,' quod in Anglicanam
traduxerant Iinguam, Lutherano! fore sperabant.
Venerant iam Coloniam AgTippinam, ut . Testa
mentum sic traductum, per Typographos in multa
Mili:'!. multiplicatum, occulte sub a1ij s ' mercibus
deueherent inde in ADgliam. Tanta enim cis erat
r ei bene gerendz: fiducia, ut primo agressu peterent
a Typographis, Sex Milia sub praclum dan. 1m
autem subuerentes, ne grauissimo 'afficerentur
damno, si quid aduer'5i accideret, tantum Tria
Milia
f
sub praclum miserunt.: Quae si (aJi citer
uenderentur, f:'l cile possent impri mi denuo. lam
literas ad Sanctos, qui sunt in Anglis, przmiserat
Pomeranus,l et ad Regem quoque scripserat ipse
1 Cochlacus, wntmg 23 years aft er the event,
summarises events CrORI their perspective at that
distance of time . He , roups matters t ogether
which occurred over a penod of several year!>, as if
they were but the stages in a vast preconceived plot,
10 subtle and far-reaching as to require even dia
bolic powers of invention and construct ion; instead
of, as in truth and Cact, the uncombined elTon s oC
many men who strove to bring the system oCwhich
he was the advocate, down to the dust. The date
1526 is no contradiction. (or his main story is the
public:'!.tion of the Abbot Rupertu5, the
publishing oC which at Cologne began in Ip6 ; his
notice of the New Testament being but episodical.
I It is to be noted that Cochlzus did not know
even the names of Tyndale and Roy, much less
their previous history. Therefore he supposes that
thcr;e two ' aposutes ' had been first with Luther :
which is quite contruy to the Cact. There is
nothing to shoW' that Tyndale ever laW' Lut her.
TRASSLATION, BY MR. C. ANDKRSON.
Two English apostat es. who had been sometime
at Wittenberg,' sought noronly to subvert thei r own
merchants (who secretly Cavoured aq,d t;upportcd
them in their. exile,) but even' hoped that, whether
the king would or not, all the people of Eng[and.
would in a short time become Lutherans, by means
of the New Testament of Luther,3 which Ihey had
translated into the Eoglish language. They had
already come to Cologne, th:'!.t thence they might
Ulnvey, secretl y, undcr cover of other goods to
England, the Testament 10 translated, and multi
plied by printers into many For they
had 50 much confidence of managi ng the business
well, that , at tbe first onst t, they asked from the
printers six thousand to be gi ven rrom the press.
But fearing lest they should meet with a very heavy
10M, if anything happened unfort unately, they only
put three thousand ' to the press; which, if they
happily be soill, could with ease be printed
He denied that he was confederate with him.
Both ReCormers were apparently quite independ.
ently at work.
, How could Cochlaws know this, when he never
saw a sheet oC the impression' Luther's German
version fi rst appeared In Sept _ ISU.
This fixes the IinaI number oC the Quarto im
prelSion: oC which the present Cragment is the
only known relic.
I The tide of this short letter (4 leaves) is Eji'sto/Q
/ommis Bug-mkagii Po",erQnj ad Anr !os_ Wit
temberg. MDXXV. The lid Sanefos, &c., quoted
by Cochlzus, is found in the heading loannrs Bvrm
hag-"-us Pomeranu.r PlUlo,. EcclrsUz Witlrmkr-
Sfll/efis in. eMilio flui sunt in A'lrfflifJ.
The essence of this lettcr is the Collowing, taken
from the fi r'5t English edition 1536. .. And because
thou shalt not excuse thyself with the diuer.syte 01
doctrynes, to be shorte, we teach but one artikle,
we preach much daylyt, and Yryte much,
THE PRINTING AT COLOGNE. 21
COCHLAlUS' THIRD ACCOUNT.
J.utherus.
1
Cunque nouum Testamentum m Oll;
l ubsequuturum crederetur, tanta ex ta spe lactitia
l..ulheranos inuasi!, ae uanile fiduciz uento infiauit,
ut gaudio distend, ante diem ruperint secretum
ua0.i.5 iactatioDibus. I
Exulabat eo tempore Coloniz loanne! Cochlzus.
Decanus Ecc:lcsiae B. Virginis Francofordensis,
Qui per hospitem suum, Georgiurn Lauer, Canon-
icum ad Apostolo5, Abbali Tuitiensi redditu5 (ami-
limIer notus, ubi audissct opera quzdam Ruperti
Tuitiensis quondam Abhatis. mittenda esse Nuren
bergam, ut a Lutheranis acdereotur in publi cum:
co:pit summo studio earn rem et dissuadere et
impedire. Nam Lutherani in tum usque diem,
cum Bibliothecas antiquas diligc:ntissime
exquisiuisscnt ae nullum prorsus
autorem c)( cuncti.i tOt szculorum' Doctoribus
I:.cclesiz potuerunt , qui LUlheri dogmata
comprobasset. I nuentum tandem ilIius Rupen;,
qui ante 400. annos uixerat, opusculum, cui tilulus
erat, De Victoria uerbi Dei,' mox Nurenberg;e a
Lutheran;s euulgatum eSI. Quod suo titulo ita
mox piacuit omnibus Lutheranis, ut nihil
eo autore desi derabi lius. Int eri m ex Tritemio in-
telIigebant, ilium complura scripsilse 0puiK:ula, sed
duo tantum paruula inuenerant: Quorum unum de
potentia, alterum de uoluntate Dei inscriptum erato
In eorum zditione multa Lutherice apposuerat
Osiander, uICoratus presbyter et pl"llCdicator, quibus
pium autorem impiz Se(:tz patronum bcere
tentabat. Et iam dudllm egerant cum ipso Abbate
Tuitiensi: ut reliqua Rupe"i Opera NUrenbergam
excudenda. transmitteret. IIle uero, ut
Cochlzo audiuit, quantnm periculi foret ea in re, si
pium autorem traderet in manus impi<>rum,qui eum
non solum impijs przfarionibus, et annotationibus
fa=de contaminaturi essent . Verum etiam integros
et sanos illiul sensus deprauaturi, ex Catholico
antiquo facturi essent hzreticum Douum, qui
uideretur cuncta Lutheri dogmata ante annOS 400.
and do m'any lhynges for our aduenaryes, that
they also maye be saued. And this is the anykle;
namely: 4[.Cltrist u(1J1r"YK"'Jlys1fess,. For he
is beeome vnto vs of God the father, wysdome,
iustice , satisfaction, and redemption."
I On I September Cochlzu5 puts the
printing at Cologne after thiS date: at all events his
disc(J'tJery of it was so. I N(1t, 5. J. 10.
I Cochlacus, erroneously attributing a concened
plan to all the Protestanu, hu great glee over his
TRANSLATION, BY MR. C. ANDERSON.
anew. Pomeranul had sent forward letters
to the s.aint\"Who are in England,. and Luther him-
self had also written to the King.! And when it wu
believed that the New Testament was about to fol-
low by and bye, so great joy from that hope seized
the Lutherans, and inflated them with the wind o(
vain confidence, that, filled with delight. they, with
their vain boasting, broke the secret before its time.'
At that time J ohn Cochlzus, Deacon of the
Church of the Blessed Virgin at Frankfort, lived as
an exile, at Cologne, who, by his host George
Laver, Canon to the Apostles, (became] intimately
acquainted with the Abbot ofDeuu, when he heard
that certain works of Rupert, formerly an Abbot of
that Abbey, were to be sent to Nuremberc. that they
might be published by the Lutherans, he began,
with the greatest eagerness, both to dissuade from,
and to hinder that business. For the Lutherans,
even to that day, after they had diligently searched
and turned over all the ancient Libraries, could
find no author of all the Doctors of the Church for
so many ages, who could have approved of the
doctrines of Luther. At last a little work of that
Rupert, who had lived 400 years before, was found.
The title of it was of the Victory of the Word
of God." And it was forthwith published by the
Lutherans; because, by its title, it so directly
pleased all, that nothing more desirable could be
seen than that author. [n the meantime, they
undentood from Trithemius, that he had written
many little pieces, but they had found only two; of
which one was inscribed ' of the power,' the other
of the proyidence' of God. In their edition,
Osiander. a ma.-r"\ed priest and preacher, applied
many things after the manner of Luther, by which
he attempted t o make the pious aUlhor the patron
of that infamous sect; and now they were treating
with the Abbot of beutihinuelf, that he might send
the rest of the works of Rupen to to be
printed. He, however, u soon as be heard from
Cochlacus what great danger there would be in that
matter, if he delivered the pious author into the
hands of the impious, who were about. not only to
discovery. His representalion here is quite fal$C.
It was a drunken printer, Dot the Luthc:r.rns, that
betrayed the sec.ret.
t Thi s edition was printed by Frederic Peypas.
and finished in March, 1515. in avo: therefore
Cochlzu$ first made the acquaintance of the Abbot
of Deuu some time after that month. Cochlzus
edited another in at Cologne: the date of his
dedication to the Hp. of Ely in which is"" iv. Idw
Apriles {to April] 1519'
22 THE PRINTING AT COLOGNE.
COCHLJEUS' THIRD ACCOUNT.
approbassc. Abbas igitur iIle, vir bonus, mutata
sentent ia ualumina iam in ,"randem (ascern
compacta, ucl ut Nurenbcrgam transmittenda, apud
St retiDuit. I n quo sane fasce erant Xl III. libri in
Euangciium l oannis,l XII. libn in Apocalypsim
1
eiusdem, et xU.lihri, de Diuinis, Officijs.
Cum autcm Monachi quieturi non essent, nisi
zdercntur opera ilb: C'..ochtZU5 Petro Qucntellio,
et Arnalda Berckmanno sedulo luasil, ul communi
bus inter 5e impensis et lucri! ea open susciperent
zdenda. Persuadcre tamen non potuit. donee
tandem omnem suarn operam adzditionem illam' cis
pollicitus esset. Cunquezditio illa' sat is quzstuosa
cis cxisteret. non e g e ~ t amp! ius impul sore
Cochlzo, sed ipsimet ultro plura iIIills opuscu!a
desiderabant: rogantes nunc Abbatem, Dunc Coch
Izum, ul uDdecunque plura conqui rerent. Abbas
itaque ell I:etustis S. Benedicti Monasterij s per-
quisiuit xxxu.libros in XII. prophetas minores ,1 et
VI I. libros in Canticum Canticorum.
1
Cochlzus vero
inuenit Colonia= in Bibliotheca Maioris Ecclesia= IX.
libras, De glori ficatione Trinitatis, et processione
Spiritus sancti.! Et in scholis Artium grande uolu-
men, quod de operibus Trinitatis 1 inscriptum, XLII .
complectebatur libros. E qui bus in Genesim eraot
IX. 10 Exodum 1111. &c.
1
Cuoque s<=iret Rupertum
I The Commentariesof Rupertuswcrefustprinted
in this order.
(I) COLOGNK. 13 Books on Matthew, wi th 9
Books on the Tri nity, etc. Cochlaeus' dedications
arc dated :KI April and) July 1526. Col. dated
Pridie Idus JUDlaS [1:01 J une] 1526.
(2) NUREMBKRG. 14 Booles on J ohn (PrlJ/u/fflll
,d,tiIJII). Col. dated J ul y 1526.
() COLOGNK. The same (CatluJlic dilMII)' Col.
dated simply 1526.
(4) COLOGNf!!. 12 Books on the Apocalypse. Col.
dated 1526. There is no printed dedi cation to
Henry VIn. as stated by Cochla=us; seep. 19.
(5) COLOGNE. 7 Books on the Song of Solomon.
Dedicated by Henry, Abbot oC Deutz, to Tonstall ,
Bishop of London, pridie Octobres Un $eptern. )
1526. Col. dated 1521.
(6) CoLOGNE. 32 Books on the Minor Prophets.
pjIJ L tIJri dated 3 Sept. 1527. Col. Sept. 1527.
(7) COLOGNE. 42 Booh on the works of the
Holy Tri- nity. Oed. to Wolsey, dated 3 Sept.
1528. COl. dated Sept . 1528.
From thi s it is cl ear t hat Cochlzus is summar-
izing, in the text, the whole of these transactions
rather than narrating, in consecutive order, the
OCCUlTenCes oC the one year 1526.
TRANSLATION, BV MR. C. ANDaRSON.
basely contaJtl,inate him by impious prefaces and an-
notations, but even to pervert his upright and !IOund
opinions, and or_an ancient catholic were about to
make a new heretic, who, four hundred yean before,
should seem to have approved of all the dogmas of
Luther. The Abbot, therefore, good man, having
changed his o\'linion, kept by himself volumes, al-
ready packed up intoa large bundle, ready to be coo
veyed to Nuremberg. In this bundle there were four_
teen books on the Gospel of John,' twelve on the
Revelations,land twelve books 'De Divinis Officiis."
When, however, the monks were not to be at
rest , unl ess they published these works, Cochlzus
~ e s d y entreated Peter Quentel and Arnold
Byrckmao that they should, on their j oint exper.se
and profit, undertake their publication; notwith-
standing, he could not persuade them, till at length
he had promised them, to that edition, all his own
labour. \Vhen that became sufficiently profi table ,to
thern,theyno more required Cochlzus to urge them, .
but themselves, of their own accord, sought out more
of his small works, requesting now the Abbot , and
then Cochlzus, that they might search for more of
them in any quarter. The Abbot, therefore, thus
excited, diligentl y searched out of the old monas-
teries of SI Benedict , thirty-two books on the twelve
minor Prophets,land seven on the Songof Solomon.
1
Cochlzus found at Cologne, in the library of the
Greater Church, nine books concerning the Glorifi-
cation of the Trinity,l and the procession of the
Holy Spirit; I and in the School of Arts a large
J Special attention should be paid to the first
edition of this work; Cologne, 1526. It is printed
in the same style as t he present Fragment, wi th
large black t)'pC for the headings and first lines oC
each book, as IS here done to each chapter; but the
small type is not the same. It is, however, very
valuable as containing Cochlzus's dated dedication
to Herman, Archbishop or Cologne ; Ex COLONI. ,
iij. I dus Marcias (13 March )M. D.XXVI: Up to that
date at least Coch1a=us had not leCt that city. It was
also the success of this book that stirred Quentel
and Byrckman to seek out the other works of Ru-
pert of Deutz. The search detailed in the text must
therefore have occurred between 13 March and 20
April 1,526, when Cochlaeus wrote hi s dedication
dated Ex Moc;UKTIA, n Calendas Maias 1526, of
the 9 books on the Trinity' to Bp. Fisher; see
/IJI.2OO. Cochlzus was also at Mayence on 3 J uly
following, when he dedicated the I) Books /".
!tfat/Mum, to the Archbp. of Capua: see fIJI.
200 of the same book. It would thererore appear
that it was while assistinJ in the publication of De
Divinis 0 j/iciis- the earhest book of Rupert, pri nted
at Cologne-that Cochlzus obstructed the secret
printing of the English TestamenUl. Tyndale there-
fore certainly left Cologne before April 1526.
THE PRINTING AT COLOGNE. 2
3
COCItl.Al:US' THIRD ACCOUNT.
olim Leodij ad S. Laurentium fuisse Monachum,
sc:ripsit Theoderico Uezio. Canonico Lcodiensi,
quem Rorrue post obitum Adriani VI . {cuius iIle k
Secretis inlimus extiterat} familiarlus cognouerat,
obsecrans, ut is in eo Monasterio perquircret,
quidnam ex Ruperti libns extaret. lIIe ergo rep-
perit maxime desideratum opus, xlU.libl"O$ in Mat-
thacurn, de Gloria et honore filij hominis. Verum
transmittere Coloniam non potui! An,:hetypum, nisi
ipse cum duobus alijs Canonicis, pTO restitucndo
cxemplari, cuncta bona sua in hypothecam Mona-
chis obligarent.
Ea igitur uolumina uniuersa CocblzU5, Mogun-
tiam euocatus, secum deluli!, atque ibi residen! , ad
zditionemprll:parauit,Coloniamque:aedendaremisit,1
Hine Typognphis Coloniensibus notiOT Ole fa
miliarior factus, audiui! eos aliquando inter pocula
fiducialitcr iactitare, Velint Nolint Rex et Cardi-
nalis Angliae, totam Ang-liam breui fore Luther-
anam. Audiuit item, ibi latitare Angl os,
eruditos linguarumque peritos et disertos, quos
tamen uidere aut aUoqui nunquam potuit. Vocatis
itaque in hospitium suum quibusdam Typographis,
postea quam mero incalui.ssent. unus eorum in
secretiori colloquio reue1auit illi arcanum, quo ad
Lutheri partes trahenda esset Anglia. Nempe
uersari sub praelo Tria Milia Exemplarium Noui
Testamenti Lutherani. in Anglicanam linguam trans-
!ati, ac processum esse iam usque ad literam Alpha-
beti K, in ordine Qualernionum. Impensas abunde
suppeti 11. Mercatoribus Anglicis, qui opus excusum
clam inuecturi per tOUm Angliam latenter dis
pergere uellent, antequam ReJ( aut Cardinalis
rescire aut prohibere possit.
Cochlo'eu.s intra se metu et admiratione uarie
affectus, foris mirabundus moerorum dissimulabat .
Altero autem die, periculi magnitudinem tristis secum
uptDdens, cogitabat, quo nam pacto possit com-
mode pessimis iIIis conatibus obsistere. Abijt igitur
clam ad Hermannum Rinck, Patricium Colonien'
lem, ac Militem Auratum, qui et Ctsari. et Regi
ADgliz familiaris erat et Consiliarius. eique rem
.)mnem. ut acceperat uini beneficio, indicauit.
Ille, ut certius omnia constarent, alium misit
exploratum in eam domum, ubi opus eJtcudebatur
TRANSLATION, BY )fRo C. ANDERSON.
volume [which was inscribed' of the works of the
Trinity' and comprised fortytwo books, of which
nine were on Genesis, four on Exodus, &c.) When,
however, he leamtthat Rupert wa.s formerlyaMonk
of St Laurence at Liege, he wrote to Theodoric
Heziu5, a Canon of Liege, whom he had known
intimately at Rome, after the death of Adrian VI.
[Scp. IS:l:3], whose private secretary he had been,
entreating that he would search out in that monas-
tery whatever remained of the books of Rupert.
He found, therefore, a work greatly esteemed-
thirteen books on Matthew f of the glory and
honour of the Son or Man.'1 He coutd not, however,
send the originaJ to Cologne, eJtcept he, with two
other Canons, would pledge in security to the monks
all their goods, for the restoration of the copy t
All these volumes, therefore, Cochl:;Eus, being
called away to Menu, carried with him, and while.
residing there prepared them for publication, and
sent them back, to be published at Cologne.
l
Having thus become more intimate and familiar
with the Cologne printen, he sometimes heard them
confidently boast, when in their cups, that whether
the King and Cardinal of England would or not,
aJl England would in short time be Lutheran. He
heard also that there were twO Englishmen lurking
there, learned, skilful in languages, and Huent,
whom, however, he never could see or converse
with. Calling, therefore, certain printers into his
lodging, after they were heated with wine, one of
them, in more private discounq discovered to him
the secret by which England was to be drawn over
to the side or Luther-namely, That three thousand
copies of the Lutheran New Testament, InlnS1ated
into the English language, were in the press, and
already were advanced as faras the letter K, in
[i.e. in quarto). That the expenses
were (ully supplied by Engl ish merchants; who were
5ecletly to convey the work when printed, and to
disperse it wide1y-through all England, before the
King or CardinaJ could discover or proh.ibit it.
Coc:hlaeus being inwardly affected Ly fear and
wonder, disguised his grief, under the appearance
of admiration. But another day, considering with
himself the magnitude of the grievous danger, he
cast in mind by what method he might expeditiously
obstruct these very wicked attempts. He went,
therefore, secretly, to Herman Rinck, a patrician of
Cologne and Military Knight, ramiliar both with
the Emperor and the King of England, and a
Counsellor, and disclosed to. him the whole affair,
as, by means of the wine, he had received it. He,
I Nole I, J.
THE PRINTING AT WORMS.
COCIILRUS' THIRD ACCOUNT.
iuxta indicium Cochbei. Cumque ab ilIo accepisset
rem ita habere, et ingentem Papyri copiam ibi
existere : adijt Senatum, atque effeci t, ut Typo.
graphis interdiceretur, ne ultra progrederentur in
eo opere. Duo Apostatz Angli, arreptis secum
Quaternionibu$ impressis, aurugerunt, nauigio per
Rhenum ascendentes Vuormacium. ubi plebs pleno
furore Lutherizabat. ut ibi per a1ium Typographum
ca:ptum perficerent opus. Rincus uero et Cochl.a:us
de his moJC admonuerunt lit eris suis Regem, Car-
dinalemque et Episcopum Roft'ensem,l ut quam
diligentissime praecaueICnt in omnibus Angliz
portubus, ne mer .. ilia Jlfmiciosissima iuuchcrentur.
(PI J3a-134->
TRANSLATION, BY MR. C. ANDtRSOlI'.
that he might ascertain ali things more certainly,
sent another person into the house where the
work was printing, according to the discovery or
Cochlzus: and when he had understood rrom him
that the matter was even so, and that there was
guat abundance or paper there, he went to the
Senate, and so brought it about that the printer
was interdicted rrom rarther in that
work. The two English apmtates, snatching away
with them the quarto sheets printed, fled by ship,
going up the Rhine to Worms, where the people
were under the (ull rage or Lutberanism, that
there, by another printer, they might complete the
work begun. Rinck and Cochlzus, however, im-
mediately advised by their letters
l
the King, the
Cardinal, and the Bishop of Rochester [Fisher], that
lhey might, with the greatest diligence, take care
lest that most pemiciOU$ article of merchandise
should be conveyed into all the ports or England.
Annals ()f 1M Eng. Bible: i. 56-59. Ed.
We are much indebted, in a way he did not anticipate, to the rabid zeal
of Dobneck, for these circumstantial details of the secret printing of our first
New Testament, which otherwise we should not have known.
III. The Prt"ntt"ng at Worms.
1. TyndaJe produced at Worms the Second edition in Octavo: to which
he added the following his second Address . .
To the Reder.
[l
Eve diligence Reder (I e.xhortethe) that thou come with a pure myndel and as the scripture sayth
with a $yngle eyel vnto the wordes of health! and of etemalllyfe : by the which (if we repent and
beleve them) we are borne a newel created a fresshel and enioye the frutes off the bloud of Christ.
Whiche bloud cryet h not for vengeauncel as the ,bloud of '.Abel : but hath purchased Iyfe/ lovel
faveour/ grace; blessynge/ and whatsoever is promysed in the scripturesl to t hem that beleve and obeye God t
alld stondeth bitwene vs and wfathe! vengeaunce( curssc/ and whatsoever the scripture threateneth agaynst
t he vnbelevers and dhobedient! which resist! and consent not in their heftes to the lawe o( god/ that it is
rightl wholy/ iuste/ and ought soo to be.
Marke the playne and manyfest places of the scriptures,! and in dout full placesl se thou adde no interpret.
acion contrary to them : but (as Paul sayth) let all Le conformable and agreynge to the rayth.
Note the difference of the lawl and of the gospel!. The one axeth and requyrethl the wother perdoneth
and forgevelh. The one threateneth/ the wother promyseth all good thynges to them that set t their trust in
Christ only. The gospell signifieth gladde tydynges/ and is nothynge butt the promyses off good thynges.
All i$ not gospell that is written in the gospell bake: For if the lawe were a waye/ thou couldest not know
what the gospel! meante. Even as thou couldest not se perdonJ favour/ and gfactl excepte tbe lawe rebuked
thel and declared voto the thy sinnel mysdede/ and Ireaspase.
Repent and beleve the gospell as sayth Christ in the (yrst of Marke. Applye all waye the Jawe t o thy
I These letters by Rinck and Cochlzus have not
yet been recovered. Their being pri vate or secret
communications may panly account (or tIW. Their
loss si mply, does not invalidate Cochlzus' state-
me'lls as regards facts that came within his own
personal knowledge.
THE PRINTING AT WORMS.
2S
dedesf whether thou finde in the bottom of thyne h.erte to the lawe warde; and soo shalt thou no
dout repentl and'reale in the silfe a certayne sorowel paynel and grefe to thYM herte; because thou canst
nott withfulliuste do the dedes off the lawe. Applye the gospellJ that is to saye the promyses/ voto the
deservynge off Christl and to the mercye of god and his trouth/ and 500 shalt nott despeare; butt."
shalt (eale god as a kynde and a mercifull father. his sprete shall dwell in the/ and shall be stronge
in thee: and the promises shalbe geven the at the last (though not by and by/lest thou shuldest forgett
thy sy1fe and be negligent) and all shalbc forgeveri the for Christis blouddis sake/ to whon!
commit thy silfe all togedder/ with out other of thy good dedes or of thybadde.
Them that are learned Christenly/ I beseche: (or as moche as I am sureJ and my conscience beareth me
recorde{ that of Q pure ententJ singilly and faythfully I have interpreted ittl as farre forth as god gave me
the gyfie of Knowledge/ and vnderstondynge : that the rudnesoff the worke nowe at the fyrst tymej offende
them not: but thlft they consyder howe that I had no man to counterfet/ neither was, holpe with englysshe
of eny that had interpreted the same/ or soche lyke thinge in the scripture beforetyme. MoreoverJ even
very necessitie and combraunce (God is recorde) above strengthef which I will not re1tearce/lest we shulde
seme to bost oureselvesJ caused that many thynges are lackyngej whiche necessaryly are requyred. Count
it as a thYI)ge not havynge his full shapeJ but as it were borne afore hys tyme/ even as a thing begunne
rather then fynnesshed. In tyme to come (yf god have apoynted vs there VlltO) we will give it his full
shape: and putt out yf ought be added superfiuusiy: and adde to yff ought be oversene thorowe negligence:
and will enfoarce to brynge to compendeousnesJ that which is nowe 4anslated at the lengtheJ and to geve
Iyght where it is requyrcdj and to seke in certayne places more proper englysshej and with a table to
expounde the wordes which are nott commenly vsed/ and shewe howe the 'scripture vseth many wordes/
which are wother wyse vnderstonde of the commen people: and to helpe with a declaracion where one
tonge taketh nott another. And will endever ourcselvesj as it_ were to sethe jt better! and to make it more
apte for the weake stomakes : desyrynge them that are learned/ and ablej to their duetie/ and to
helpe there vnto: and to bestowe vnto the edyfyinge of Christis body (which is the congregacion of them
that beleve) those gyftes whych they have receaved of god for the same purpose. The grace that commeth
or Christ be with th"t m that love hym. Praye (or vs.
Fr(}m Mr. F. Fry's Haudtraudlitlwgrapked edithll(if 111 copies (}u(y). Bri:idl,1862.
2. Mr.A. Bower in his Life of Luther, 1813, under the year 1526
writes, ' "The Imperial piet assembled at Midsummer at the city of Spires,
and the pressure of business was such as to require the attendance of the
elector John, during several months.' p. 243.
Spalatin was with the Elector at Spires. He noted in his diary
'Saturday the morrow of St. Lawrence,' r:.e. II August, 1526,1 the follow-
ing Table Talk:
Sabbato postridie Laurentii,1 Princeps noster
Ejector Saxoniz (Spiral in comitiis imperialibus)
audito in redibus Principis H essorum sermone,
d!lmum rediit. Buschius [dixit nobis in
c<ena) Item Wormatiz' VI. mille
exemplaria Novi Testamenti Anglice excusa. Id
operis versum esse ab ,j\nglo, ilHc cum duobus aliis
Brilannis8 divertente, ita .Vll. linguarum peTito,
Hebraicre, Grrecz, Latinz, Italicz, Hispanicz,
Britannicre, Gallicre, ut, quamcunque !oquatur, in
ea natum putes. Anglos enim, quamvis reluctante
et invito Rege, tamen sic suspirare ad Evangelion,
1 St. Lawrence's day is Aug!lst to. The day
following was a Saturday in 1526; which proves the
occurrence to be in that year.
On the Saturday the morrow o( St. Lawrence,1
our prince the El ector of Saxony (then at the Diet
of Spires) having heard a sermon at the residence
of the Landgrave of Hesse, return.ed to his house.
. Buschlus [told us at supper} Also at
Worms. 6000 copies of the New Testament were
printed inEnglish. This work was translated by an
Englishman, who was staying there with two of his
countrymen,3 and who was so learned in seven lan-
guages, Hebrew, Greek, btin, Italian, Spanish,
English, and French, that, whichever he spoke,
you would think his native tongue. The English
J Worms is only some twenty miles from Spires.
'One of these two assistants was Roy: who was
the other? Certainly neither Fysh nor Frith.
. D
26 THE PRINTING AT WORMS.
ut affirment, sese em-pturos N ovum Testamentum,
ctiamsi centenis millibus reds sit redimenrlum.
Adhrec Wormatire etiam Novum Testamentum
Galliet excussum esse.
1
-Extracts from the MS.
diary of George Spalatiii; printed in A11lomitatcs
L#erarim by SCHRLHORN : (}o'rancofurti et Lipsire,
14 vaIs. 8vo] iv. 431-2. "Ed. 1730 .
indeed have such a desire for the . gospel, although
the king opposes and dislikes it, that they say they
would buy aNew Testament, even if. each copy
cost 100,000 of money, In addition to this the
New Testament was printed in French at Worms.l
3. We have now come to the question; whether the Quarto was
finished at Worms or elsewhere? There is no express statement on the
subject; ' but we possess circumstantial evidence that renders it morally
certain that it was completed in that city or in its neighbourhood.
Mr, F. Fry in his facsimile edition (1862) of the Octavo has demonstrated by similarity of type, water.
marks, etc" beyond all reasonable doubt, that it was printed by Peter Schoeffer of Worms. It is impossible
to apply a ty}:ographical test of like kind to the present fragment, for w.e do not possess in it even all that
was printed at Cologne, by eight or sixteen pages. The evidence is therefore external: arising principally
out of fOUl" points.
Tlu of Cochlazu.
a Cochla:us knew nothing of the Octavo,
fJ He indubitably fixes the impression begun at Cologne to be the Quarto, i1t ordt'lu Quatemionum; and
that it actuaUy consisted of three thousand copies; though it was first intended to print six thousand.
l' He states-and it was quite within his power to ascertain it-that 'the two Englishmen fled, with the
printed sheets, to Worms, to complete the work there by another printer.
*.* Cochla:us, at all events, believed the Quarto to have been finished there.
Tyndak's residence al Wqnn&: as chiefly fixed by the beginning of the Prefar. e to the Parable of lite
Wydeed Mmnmol:, the printing of which book finished 8 May, 1528. See opposite page.
6 Tyndale says of Roy, 'Neuerthelesse I suffered all thinges tyll yat was ended whych I coulde not
doo alone wythout one both to wryte and to helpe me to compal'e ye textes together. When that was
ended I toke my leue and bode him farewel for oure two Iyues :' Roy therefore left as soon as the two
editions had passed the press.
e Roy left Tyndale in the spring of 1526, going to Strasburg.
tTyndale was at Worms about August 1526, by the testimony of Busche,
't} Tyndale was at Worms in May 1521: and had an interview with Jerome there. 'A yere after that
and now. xii. monethes hi!fore the pryntinge of this workel came one Ierom a brother of Grenewich also/
thorow Wormes to Argentine.' , 'Which Ierom with all diligence I warned of Royes boldnesse.'
The fair inference is therefore that Tyndale did not leave Worms from his arrival there with Roy in
October J525 until after May 1521.
Herman von Busclt, 's SttjJertalk, on:n: AlIg"lut, 1526,
8 Busche's talk, combined with Cochla:us' accounts, fixes the impression of the Octavo, as well as the
Quarto, at three thousand copies: or Six thousand in all. Forsupposing signature (i". sheet) Khad not actu
ally been struck off when the printing at Cologne was stopped there; nine signatures (A to 1) would
have been printed; 3000 copies of or :Z1,ooosheetsaltogether,Tyndale and Roy must have taken with
them up the Rhine. If Busche's six thousand refer to the Quarto alone, it follows that Tyndale duplicated
at Worms what had already been printed at Cologne : and that having deliberately reduced the impression
from its first intended number of six thousand to the three thousand actually begun there, that he had
changed his mind on arriving at Worms, and increased it again to six thousand: a purpose1eSlS waste of
power for which he can hardly be credited. On t his assumption alS"o the Octavo, which we know was
printed at'Worms, has to be accounted for.
On the other hand, it is more reasonable to believe that Tyndale did not duplicate the beginning of the
Quarto, but completed' it, and that he printed a like impression of the Octavo, It is not necessary to
1 I have not been able to trace any French New Testament printed at Worms in 1525, One was printed
at Basle in that year.
WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDI TIONS. 27
suppose that SchocA"cr finished the Quarto: J ohn Erffordianus, anotfier printer about that time in
may have done it, or it may have been finished in $Orne neighbouring city. I ndeed the short time in
whi ch the two editions were produced favours the employment of morc than onc printer.
NDtiul of 1M New in Ellgland in .526.
'John Pykas of Colchester confessed on 7 :March, 1528, 'that about a two yeres last past, he bought
in Colchester, of a Lumbard of London, a New Testament in English, and payd for it foure shillinges:
/C J ohn Tybal l of Bumstedc confessed on 28 April, 1528, ' abowght ii yeres agon he compa)'llcd with
syr Richard Fox curate of Bumstede. and shewid hym a1 his bookys that he had: that is to say, the New
Testamente in Englishe, the Gospel of Matthew and Mark in Englishe.'
X J ohn Tyball and Thomas Hilles, between Whitsontide and Michaelmas bought each a Testa-
ment of Dr. Robert Barnes in the Aupstine Friary, London .
...... All these may have bttn either Quartos or Octavos.
P. Tonstall, Bishop of London, denounces ht" impressions on 24 Oct., 1526. .
.. Archbi shop Warham docs the same, in almost identical terms, on 3 Nov.,
Robert Necton is actually selling the Quartos in J anuary, 1527.
o Henry VI II. 's preface to his English translation of his answer to Luther, early in refers to both
editiou$.
"If Dr. Robert Ridley's letter dated Feb. in all prolnbility] pointedly refers to the Quarto.
" .. " All these occunences-and possibly they might be multiplied-will be narrated further on. The
point here to be marked is their very early date: all berore Jerome called on Tyndale at Worms, in May

I then Tyndale remained in that city till after May and the Octavo, as we know it was, was
printed there: and that both editions, simultaneously denounced on Oct. IS,(), came into England t o-
gether early in that year,-a supposi tion that Bu.sche':i talk would fa" our,-it follows that Tyndale, by some
printer, finished the Quarto at or ncar Worms.
IV. Wllam Roy's C01t1zec/01t with these edtlio1ts.
1. In his Address above referred to, prefixed to The Parable oj the wycked
Mammon, eye. j the printing of which work was finished by Hans Luft at
Marburgh in Hesse on the 8 May 1528; Tyndale thus infonns us of
Roy's share in the production of the first two New Testaments.
([ William Tyndale otherwyse called Hychins to the reader
[l
race and peace with all manet spirituall fealinge and Iyuinge worthy of the kynunes of Chryst , be
with the reader and with all that thurst the wyl of God Amen. The cause why I set my name
belore this lytle treatysc and haue not rather done it in the newe testament is that then I Colowed
the counsell of Chryst which exhortedl men Math. vi. to doo theyr good deades secretly and to
be content with the con5Cience ofweldoyngej and that god seeth v&/ and paciently to abyde the rewarde of
the last daye whi ch Chryst hath purchased for V$ and now wold fayne haue done Iykewyse/ but am com-
pelled otherwyse to doo.
Whyle I abode a (ayth(ul companyon I which now hath taken an other vyage vpon him/ to preach
christ where (I suppose) he was neuer yet preached (God which put in his hette thyther to goo sende his
sprite with him/ eomforte him and bringe his purpose to ,l:::ood effecte) one William Roye a man somewhat
craftye when he cometh vnto new acquayntaunce and before he be thorow knowen and namely when all is
spent ' came vnto me and offered his helpe. As lon,l:::e as he had no moneyl somwhat I could ruele him:
but 3S sone as he had goten him money/ he became Iyke hym sel fe apyne. Neuerthelesst I suffered all
t hin::;es t)'!l yat W,l.:i ended whych I coulde not doo alone wythout one both to wryte and to helpe me to
1 Can this be Thomas Hylton, the priest. whose
martyrdom on 24 . ' ebruary, I S"29- Tyndale felt so
deeply f More, in the Pn/au to his COII/ .. tacyrNr..
states that H yuon \\:ould not be a knowen that
hym selre was preste, but sayed that he had by the
space of. ix yeru ben beyonde the see, and there
lyued by the ioyners cralL' Bb. iii.
D2
28 WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS.
compare ye lutes together. 'When that was ended I toke my leuc and bode him farewel for oure two
(yues/ and as mcn saye a daye longer. After we were depaned he wenl/ and gate him new modes which
thinge to doo he passeth all that tuer I yet knewe. And there when he had stored hym or money be gOle
him 10 Argentine where he professeth wonderfull fa culties and maketh bost of no 5mall tbinges. A yere
after that and now. xii. monethcs before the prynlinge of this workef came one Ierom a brother of Grene
wich also/ thorow warmes to Argentine( sayenge that he entended tq be Christes di5<:iple an other whyle
and to Icepe (as nye as God walde gyUt him grace) the profession of his baptiml and to gett his Jyuinge with
his handes/ and to lyue no lenger ydely and of the swett and Iaboure of those caplyues whiche they had
taught/ not to byleue in Chryst : but in cuttshowes and russet coctes. Which ]erom with all diligence ] .
warned of Royes boldnesse and exhorted hym to bewarre of hym and to walke quyetly and with a.:l
pacience and longe sofferinge acordinge as we haue Chryste and his apostles (or aD eDsamplej which thinge
he also promysed me. Neuerthelesse when he was comen to Argentine William Roye (whos tongeis able
not ouly to make foles sterke madde/ but also to disceyue the wisest that is at the fyrst syght and ac-
quaynuunce) gate him to hym and set him a werke to make rymes/ whyle he hym selfe translated a
dialoge out of laten t in to Englyshl in whose prologe he promyseth moue a greate deal than I fere me be
wyll euer paye. .
Some man wyl aske parauenture why J take ye b.boure to make this worke. in as mach as they wyll
brunne it seynge they brunt the Gospel I answare, in brunninge the Dew t estamente they dyd none
other thynge then that I loked fori no more shall they do yf the(y) brunDe me also, yf it be gods wyU it
shall so be. Neuerthelesse in translatynge the newe testamente I dyd my dutye/ and so do I nowl and
wyll do as much more as god hath ordeDed me to do. And as I offered that to al l men to correCle itJ who
50Cuer coulde, euen so don I this. 'Vho soeuef readeth this/ compare !t VDtO the scrypture.
2. R ede me and be noll wrothe is a miscellany of invective verse.
first known as The buryi11g of lite mass, from The Lamentation
beginning, which has the refrain of
It was
at the
I Seynge that gone is the masse,
Nowe deceased alas alas.'
The Satire is evidently written upon information such as Jerome had
brought from England; say up to April '527. Roy had a thousand copies
printed of it j and another of his I dialoge out of laten,' but not having
money to pay for paper or printing to the printer, John Schoet of Strasburg,
(which quite accords with Tyndale's account of his powers of gammoning,)
the most part of the two impressions were pawned to the J ews of Frank-
fort. Some copies however were sent into England; and Wolsey wrote,
t This tmnslation is now apparently lost. The
author of the original Latin work (whi ch I have
also been unable to see) is unknown, I ts title is
given by Pa.rk [Hart. ix. 31 as luur
C4risnalfum. II ./iliu,n con/llmaUIn dlakJpm
Ckrisl ianu'n. That this work is also the same as
Roy's book ailinst the seven sacraments is proved
by the follOWing in hi s SItJplicaC)'on 0/
S(JUt)'s (in answer to Simon Fyshe's SupplictltiOl1
f or 1M publi shed before More had become
Lord Chancellor (25 Oct. 1529). The reference is
important as fixing the order in which the several
works became known in England. The dates will
be seen to confirm TyndaJe's statement: that Roy's
two works were printed at Strasburg in 1527.
'They pan:eyuyng thys/ haue therfore furste as-
sayd the furst way all redyl sendyng forth Tyudals
translacyon of the new testament iu such wyse
bandied as yt shuld haue bene the fountayn and
well $pryng of all theyr hole For he had
corrupted and purposely changed in many placys
the text! with such wordys as he myght Illflke yt
seme to the vnlerned people/ that the scrypture
affynned theyr it sclfe, Then cam sone
after out in prynt the dyaloge of Crere Roye and
frere Hyerome/ betwene ye father and ye sonne
agaynst ye sacrament of ye aultef; and the bias-
phemouse boke entytled the beryeng of the masse..
[i.e. Reth me, &e.) Then cam forth after Tyndals
wykkyd boke of Mammona [dated 8 May 1528)
and after that his more wykkyd boke of obydyeuce'
[dated ::/: October 15::/:8). /01. xix. 6.
WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS. 29
on 5 August 1528, to Herman ' Rinck, to arrest Roy and Tyndale and to
buy up all their works. Rinck's reply will be found atpp. 32-36.
3. The Invective mainly consists of A brefe Dialoge bet1i/ou two prestes
urvaunt,,/ named Watkyn andJeffraye [Jerome and Roy) in which the two
following p::tssages refer to the first reception by the Hierarchy in 1526, of
the New Testament in England; and in so pointed a manner as to con-
stitute very early and important evidence on that point: as we said, Dot .
later than April '527. .
The first passage proves the private' consistory' of the Bishops under
Wolsey, deliberating what was to be done with the Forbidden Book
RI:It . ([ Art thou not a frayde 110 presume/
Agaynst the CardinaJIs fume'
Seynge they wil he all on "his syde 1
,Id. C[ No I do rat bersretly reioyce/
That of a Iytel! wormcs voycel
Goddis iudgement may be veryfycd.
Agaynst soche a wicked brothe.ll/
Whi ch sayth/ vnder his girthell!
He holdeth Kynges and Princes.
To whom for a salut acion'
I will rehear<:e a brefe oracion/
dedicate vnto his statlynes.
IIlat. I Now gentell mate 1 the praye.
Ilf. 4[ Have at it then with out delayef
. Contempnynge bis maliciousnes.
o "miserable monstet/ mon malicious/
Father of perversite/ patrone of hell,
o terrible Tyrant/ to god and man odious.
Advocate of antichrist/ to Christ rebel]"
To the 1 speake/ 0 caytife Cardinali 50 cruell.
Causles chargynge by thy COUrlied commandment
To hrenDe goddis warde the wholy testament.
Goddis wordcl grownd of all vertue and grace
The fructcous fode/ of oure (aythfu\l trust.
Thou hast condempned in most carfull cacef
1'hrowe Curious roly/ falee and vniust.
o (earce Pharao/ folower of flesshly lust.
'What moved thy mynde by malyce to consent /
To brenne goddis wordel the whol y test.1ment.
The tenoure of thy tyr.'lDny passeth my brayne
In every point evidcntl y to endyght.
Nero nor herod' wet never so noyus certayne
All though oC goddis l:lWis they had lytel Iyght
Shame it is to speake howe agaynst ryght.
Thy hatfull hert hath caused to be brentJ
o(;oddis true warde/ the wholy testament.
o perverse
o perverse prcste patriarke oC prydel
Mortheretwith ont mercy most execrable.
o beastly brothell/ of baudry the bryde/
Darlynge of tb,e devin/ gretly detestable,
Alas! what wretch wolde be so vengeable ?
At eny tyme to attempte soche impediment}
To brenne goddis worde the wholy testament.
God of hi s goodenes/ grudged not to dye/
Man to delyver from deadly dampnacion.
Whose will is that we shulde knowe perfetly
What he here hath done for OlU'e saluacion.
o cruel! hyface (Caiaphas) I full of crafty conspi.
radon"
Howe durst thou geve then Calee iudgement
To brenne goddis worde/ the wholy testament
Thy leawednes oflyvynge is loth to heare/
Christis gaspen to come vnto cleare light.
Howe be it surly it is w spred farre and neare
That (orto let it thou haste Iytell myght.
God hath opened our dercke dimed syghl.
Truly to perceave thy tyrannous i n t e n ~
To brenne &oddis worde the wholy testament.
Agaynst thyne ambition all people do crye/
Pompously spendinge the sustenaunce of the pore
Thy haulte hanoure hyly to magnify/
Maketh/ theves/ tray tours/ and many a whore
Wo worth the wretche oCwickednC5 the dore
Forget oC oure dayly damage and detri"ment
To brenne goddis warde the wholy testament
o paynted pastourc/ of Satan the Prophet/
Ragynge courre/ wrapped in a wolues skynne
o butcherly bisshop; to be a ruler vnmeteJ
Maker of misery/ occasion of synne.
God graunt the grace nowe to begynne.
Of thy dampnable dedes to be penitent/
Brennynge go-Mis wordeJ the wholy testament.
30 WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS .
lllat. cr No more (or oure lordis passion/
Thou ray\cSI "owe of a (assian/
With rebukis most despytous/
No man shall these wordes advert/
But will iudge theym of an lienl
To procede/ most contumelious.
Irf . . Though popisshe CUITeS here at do bardtq
Yet thou mayst therin well rnarckc/
The \\oill of god accomplesshed.
The Cardinali thus to rewardcl
Which with oule eny godly regarde/
Desdayncth the trOlhe to be pubblisshed.
Therfore as he did the tructh condempncJ
So god wil hym and all his contempnej
With the swearde of punnysshment.
aat. ([ They bad fyrs! some provocacion '
I,r. cr None wother then the tr:mslacion/
Of m:we testamc:nt.
\VlIerin the authors with mecknesj
Vttcrly avoydyno:c con\'iciousnes/
Demeaned them so discretly.
That with alllhClr invencion/
They coulde (ynde no reprehencion/
Resistynge goddis warde wilfully.
aat. ([ Howe had the (yrs! entraunce/
Into Englonde 50 (arre o( dislaunce/
Where to rede hym/ no man maye?
Irf. Goode chri sten men with pure atreclc/
Of god singul crly therto electe/
With cost did hym thether conveye.
Which/ even as Christ was betrayedJ
So with hym the clargy played/
Thorowe trayterous prodicion.
mal ([ Who played the parte o( l udas !
([ The wholy bi sshop of Saynct Asse/
A poste of Satans iurisdiccion.
Whom they call Doclour standisshe/
\Vone that is nelher flesshe nor fi5Shel
At all tymes a COlnnten Irer.
He is a bablynge Questionis!}
And a mervelous 5Ophisl!
Sam tyme a lowsy graye fryer.
Of stommake he is rearce and bolde!
In braulyngc wordes a very scolde/
Menglynge vennem with sugre.
He despyseth the trueth of godl
Takynge parte rather with (alcehod/
Forto obtayne worldly lucre.
In carde playinge he is a goode greke/
And can skyll of POSI and glyeke/
AI50 a payre of dyce to ttolle.
For whordom and fornicacions/
He maketh many visitacions/
His Dieces to pill and polte.
Though he

Though he be a stowte divyne!
Yett a prest to kepe a concubynel
He there admitteth wittyngly.
So Ihey pare their yearly tributis
Vntoohis dyvlisshe substituti s/
Officiall/ or commissary.
To rehearce all his Iyvynge/
God geve it )'Veil chevyngel
Or els some amendment shortly.
mal. ([ Howe did he the gospell betraye 1
I: As sone as ever he hearde sayel
That the cam to Englonde.
I mmediatly he did hym trappel
And 10 the man in the red cappel
He brougltlt hym with SlIonge honde.
Before whose prowde consislory,
Bryngynge in (alce testimony,
The gospell he did theare accuse.
Ubi . He did mo persones rcpresentt
Then ludas the traylour malivol ent/
Whi che betrayed Christ to the lues.
,lid. Thou mayst se of Iheym in one manne/
Herodl Pilatl Cayphasj and Anne [AnaniasJ.
With their PNpertis severalL
And in anOlher manifestly'
l udas full of conspiracYI
Wit h the sectes pharisaicall.
They are a grett deale more mutable/
Then Proteus of (orme !lO variable/
Which coulde hym , me 50 disgyse.
They canne represent apesl and bearesJ
Lyons{ and asses wilh longe cares/
Even as they lisl to divyse.
BUI nowe of standi!lShe accusa.cion/
Brefly 10 make declaracionl
Thus to the Cardinali he spake.
Ple:ueth yqure honourable gracel
Here is chaunsed a pitiou$ cace;
And to the churche a grett lacke.
The gospell in oure Englisshe tongel
or laye to be red and 50ngel
Is nowe hiddercome to remayne.
Which many hetetykes shall makel
Except youre grace some waye take!
By youre authorite hym to restrayne.
For truly it is no handlyngef
For laye peoples vnderstondynge/
With the gospell to be busy.
Which many wone interprisynge/
Int o heresy it did bryngel
DisdaYDynge the churche vnreverentl y.
mat. 4[ T05Shel these 53.ynges are sophisticall/
I wolde heare the sence mislican/
or these wordes right interpret ed.
WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS. 31
1<1. ([ In fayth with out simulacion'
This is the right significacion/
Of his meanynge to be expressed.
o Cardinali so gloriousl
Thou Capitayne over V$f
Antichristis chefe member.
or all oure detesUcionsl
And sinful! prevaricacion$(
Thou alonel arte the defender.
'Vherrore healpe nowe or els neverl
For we are vodone for everl
Vf the gospell abro,ade be spred.
For then with in a whyle afterj
Every plowe Manne and carterl
Shall se what a lyfe we have led.
Howe we have this five hondred yeres!
Roffled therm amonge the bryresj
or de$perate infidelite.
And howe we have the worlde brought!
Vnto beggery worsse then noughtJ
Through oure chargeable vanite.
Whieh knowenj we shalbe abhorred/
Reddi to be knocked in the fothedJ
Oure weith taken awaye elene.
Therfore Tyrant playe nowe thy parte/
Seynge wit h the devill thou artel
Grett er then eny manne hath bene.
Put the gQ!;pel a waye quyght/
That he come not to laye mens sight!
Forto knowe goddis commaundements.
And then we that are the remmenauntf
Shall diligently
Shall diligently be attendaunt/
To blynde theym with oure commentis.
If they have once inhibicion/
I n no maner or condicion/
To rede goddis worde and his lawes.
1000r .\'5 doclOUB of theologyJ
It shalbe but a smale master)' /
To make theym foles and da .... es.
Loke what thou dost by tyranny/
We will alowe it by sophistryJ
Agaynst these worldly villaynes.
mid. ([ Nowe t ruly this is the meanynge/
Howe soever be the speakyngef
Of these spret ualilordaynes.
4[ But what 5:1yde the Cardinali here at?
I d. 4[ He spake the wordes of Pilat!
Sayinge/ I fynde no fault Iherin.
Howe be ill the bisshops assembledJ
Amonge theym he examened
'Vhat ..... as best to delermyn ?
Then ans ..... ered bisshop Cayphasf Hoc n f,
That a gren parte better it wasI L",.J",.
The gospell to be condemned. piK"p"t.
Lesl their vices manyfolde/
Shulde be knowen of YOllge and olde/
Their estate to be contempned.
' The Cardinali then incontinent /
Agaynst the gospell gave iudgemelll/
Sayinge/to brenne he deserved.
Wherto :1.11 the bisshoppis crredl
Answerynge/ it cannot be denyed/
H e is worthy so t o be sen ed.
Ij.
The second passage of The dialogue indelibly fixes the first burning of
the printed New Testament-not, as has been often thought, on I I
'February 1526, on the occasion of the humili ation of Dr. Barnes, when
Bishop Fisher a sermon against the Lutherans within, and
Lutheran books were burnt 'before the rode of Northern' without St
Paul's church: but in connection with Bishop Tonstall's sermon at Paul's
Cross, after the I conspiracy' of 'Volsey and the bishops. The important
allusion to The pr%gge, see p. 10 of the lithographed text, will be referred
to again.
mat. t: Holde thy peace and be contentJ
The gospell by :l. commaundmcnt/
To do it will strayghtly tbeym compclL
.Itt. C[ They !>etl nott by the gospell a flyel
Diddest thou nolt heare whatt villany/
Th[e]y dod vnlo the gospell f
Sfili. 4[ Why/ did they ag3ynsl hym conspytef
'tf. (. By my trothe they seu hym a fyre/
Openly in London cite.
Wat. I Who
4[ Who caused it so to be dond
4[ In sel he the Bisshoppe of London/
With the Cardinallis authorite:
Which at Paulis crosse: emeitly/
Denounced it 10 be heresy/
That the gospell shuld come to
CaUynge chern heretikes execrablel
Whiche caused the gospell venerable/
To come vnlO \aye mens S)'a:ht.
32 WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS.
He declared there in his (urioul nes/
That he fownde erroures m OTC: and les/
Above thre thousande in the translacion.
Howe be it when all cam to pasI
I daresaye vnable he wasl
Of one erroure to make probacion.
Alas he sayde/ masters andfrendes,l
Consydcrwcll nowe in YOUTe myndes/
These heretikis diligently.
They saye that commen women/
Sh:!ll 3uone t ome vnto heven/
As those that lyve perfectly.
([ And was that their very sayinge!
41 After wyse with outt (aynynge/
In a ccnayne prologe they wrrte.
That a
Thu a whoare or au open synner!
By meanes of Christ oure reJemer/
Whome god to repent doth incyte.
5h:111 soner come to salu:acion/
By meritis of Christis pasSion/
Then an outwarde holy lyver.
IlTst. ([ They did there none wother thinge shewel
Then il; rchcarced in mathewe/
In the one ud twenty-chapler.
I!f. ([ For all thall he sayde in his'\ermone/
Rather then the gaspell shulde be comonel
Bryngynge people into eTTOure
He wolde gladly solfre marterdome/
To vpholde the devyls {redome/
O{ whom he is a con{essoure.
C. ij & uj.
1,.. Vve get further information of Roy's connection with the first New
Testaments from the following letter of Herman Rinck, written to Wolsey
on the 4th October 1528. The original MS. is imperfect at the edges:
hence the gaps in the following Latin.
HERMANN RINCK TO WOt.SBV.
SANCTISSUIK ac gntiasissime pater in Chri sto
ac domine . c1emeutissime. post humili s
benevolique servitii me[i] titudinem ad qua:vis
vestra: unctitati beneplacita, obsequen .
grata obnixa ac sincera mente, veslram gntiam, ac
paternita[tem] scire exopto, quatenus elc.
Litera: gratia: vestra: ad me data: per dominum
Iohannem West, ordinis divi Fran-
cis(ci] de Observantia, quinto Augusti, Ie
apud
t
Hampton Korte, in vestra:: gntiac pallal[io]
mihi a Colonia ad ' Franco{ordiam in biduo celcri
nuncio sunt missa: et perlatz:, 21 Seplembris, de
com!percandis undique' libiis Anglica lingua ex-
cussis, el de capiendil Roy et Huckynck. At illi et
eorum complices a paschate I et proximis quad-
ragesima: nundinis Franco{ordia: non sunt visi,
neque scitur quo abierunt, superstites ne sint aD
vita {uncti.' Neque Iohannes Schott, civis Argen-
tinensis et corum c:halcognphus,t se scire dixit quo
evanuissent.
J
Sunl autem ipsorum libri re{eni
hacresi, ac c:ontn vestTal gratiac magnificentiam et
honorem' pleni invidia et infamia, qui et pessime et
pra:ler(.."hristianam charitatem, regiam $Crerutatem,
beniguissimum dom.i.num meum et generosissimum
1 ' fqro' apud Ie Hampton Courte.
t E"aster Day in 1,528 fell on 12 April.
rore Tyndale, or Roy, or both of them
Fn.nkfort fair about Aprill,5'lS.
There-
were at
TRANSt.ATIOS".
M OST holy and most gracious father in Christ,
most merciful lord-after offering my humLle and
willing service to your Holiness's pleasure, with
grateful and sincere mind, I wish to inform your
grace and fatherhood as {ollows.
.Your grace's letten dated Aug. s. at your palace
of Hampton Court, were given 10 me by John
West priest of the order of St. Fnncis de Ohur-
tfautia, at Cologne on Sept. 21, having been sent on
from Fnnkfort by a swift messenger in two da)'$,
which letters ordere,d me to buy up everywhere
books printed in English, and to arrest Roy and
Hutchins. n.- and their accompliCC!!l have not
been seen at Frankrort si nce EasterSand the market
after Lent, and it is not known whither they have
gone, and whether they are aliye or dead.
s
John
Schott, citizen of Strasburg, their engraver, t says
he does not know whither they S have vanished.
Their books indeed are sluffed with heresy, full
of envy and slander against your grace's glory and
honour,' and what is worst and contrary to Christ-
ian charily, make the king's serenity, my most kind
and noble lord and illustrious prince, infamous to
all worshippers of Christ. However, I, as a most
TyndaJe at least had gone on to Marburg, and
was there when Rinck was writing this letter.
t i.e. printer.
I Schott possibl:y never knew Tyndale.
Rinck is r efernng to Roy's Satire.
WILLiAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS. 33
HB1UolANN RINCK TO WOLSEY.
et illustrissimuro principem, omnibus christicolis in-
famem reddunt. Ego tamen tanquam humillimU5
fidelissimus et diligentlSsimus minister, lribus beb-
domadibus I ante vestrz acceplas liltras,
audivi et percepi illos ipso! libros Iudeis Franco-
lordia:: cerlO llere vel nummo oppigneratos esse, et
tumtquam primum pro ipsis coD.Sequendis ex me-
ipso elaborabag.1, et $01lic:itus cram. Chalcognphus
aUlcm I ohannes Schott prztc: r (zeus Iud:ei s dao-
dum et sui bboris mercedem et papiri sumptum
uigebat. et iIIi se eos veDditurum aiebat qui plus
pecuniz offcrrct. Cum itaqut gratia vestra mihi
literas et IllaDd3ta ex Angli :l. mittebat, illico nequt
corpore neque pecuoiz nequt diligent1:c parcebam
(ut merlto debebam) sed privilegiis a
Maiestate olim acceptis utebu. Consults Fr.wco-
fordienses et aliquot sc:natores Ole iudLtes mihi donis
et muneribus conci liabam, quo libros illos omnes,
omni ex loco corraderem et c03cervarem quod et
tribus aut quatuor locis betum est, ita quod spero,
quolquot lalium librorum excussi sunt eos apud me
conlineri, pr;cter duos quos vestrae grati:!: commis-
sanus prznominaius Iohannes 'Vest, a me exoptavit
et accepit, in maiorem et frugem et utilitatem regiae
gmtiz et vestrz. Libros vero duos ipsi dedi, cum
eum tu'm fidelem tum diligenlem vestr.lC gratiz
comperirem, et c;ui saepe inserviissel, et adhuc pro-
cui dubio inserviet. Debc:bam autem !ibri ipsi,
(nisi percepisscm et intervcnissem) in thecas chjlt-
aceas compingi. et occultari, et decem inciusas
sucinis, lino obductis, callide et sine omlli sus-
piclone, per mate, tempore' t ransmiui in Scholiam
et Angliam, ut ibidem ac sola et nuda papirus
venderentur, sed admodum paUC05 aut nullos
transvecl.OS vel venditos puto. Czterum et
et procuravi coram consulibes Franckfordien-
sibus iuramentis acceptis [et} przst itis, quod denuo
non excudentur typis lCncis, t um chalcographus
ipse vigore sui iuramenli exemplar 5Criptum et
principale ad me mittere oOstrictUS est. lnsuper et
summa opera cumbo in Roy et Huckyng
czterisque regiz gratiz et vestr.lC zrnulis et re-
bellionibus, tum capiendis, tum ubi locorum agant ,
percipi endo, ut dominus Iohannes West et filius
mew Hennannus Rynck, et l ohannes Geilkyrche,
minister ore et pr.esentes testabuntur, quibus
vestre gratia non secus ac mihi ipsi fidem adhibeat
et ipsi enim rem omnem et cdabunt et
obticebunt, quamcumque vestra gratia ip$ls eom-
miseri t, quos pnecipue et pra:sentes ad regiam et
I about 1 Sept. 1528
By whom? Probably English men:hants, who
TRANSLATION.
humLle, faithful and diligent servant, three weeks I
before receiving your grace's letters, heard and
perceived that those very books had been pawned to
the J ews at Frankfort for a cenain sum of money,
and then, on my own account, I laboured and en-
deavoured to get hold of them as soon as possible.
The engnVeT, J ohn Schott, demanded beside the
interest ft)r tbe J ews, the p:1y ror his labour and
the expense of the paper, and said that he should
seU them to whoever would give the most money.
So, as your gnce had sent me lettcrs and commis-
sions from England, 1 immediately spared neither
my person, my money DOr my trouble, (as 1 was
bound 10 do,) but made use or the privileges pre-
viously reccived from his I mperial Majesty. I
gained over the consuls of Frankfort and some
senators and judges, by gifts and presents, so that
I mighl scrape and heap together all those books
from e\'ery place; which was done in three or four
places, so that I hope that all of those books yet
printed are in my po5$t5Sion, except two which
your grace's commissary the above named J.ohn
asked for and reCeiVed from me for the
gTeater profit and advantage of the Icing's grace and
yours. Two books indeed, 1 gave him, as I found
him faithful and dilis:cnt for your grace, whom he
has often served and doubtless will in future serve.
Unless 1 had discovered it, and interfered, the books
would have been enclosed and hidden in paper
covers, packed in tcn bundles covered with lillen
and conveyed in time by sea,' craftily and without
exciting any suspicion to Scotland and England,
where they would have been sold only as blank
paper; but I think that very few, or none, have
exported or sold. Besides I have and
procured from the consuls of Fr.mkfort a prohibi-
tion strengthened by oaths, of their further printing
from copper types, and the engraver himself is
bound by his oath t o send me the original written
copy. In addition to t his, I will endeavour in every
way to arrest Roy and Hutchins and other op-
ponents and rebels or the King's grace and yours,
and to find out where they live, as J oPn West, and
my son Hermann Rynck and J ohn Gcilkyrche my
servant will assure you by word of mouth, to whom
your gt':lce may give crede.ocejust as to myself, for
they will keep $llence concerning and conceal what-
ever orders your grace gives them. I send them
now to the king's grace and yours, chielly on ac-
count of the favourable issue of the business, and
would have repaid the J ews' loan and rejmnwsed
Schott .
E
34 WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTION WITH THESE EDITIONS.
HltRMANN RINCK TO WOLSKY.
veslram gratiam transmitta, ob commodiorem ipsiu5
negot ii exitum, et ut rem graum ct veslra:
gratia: exhibeam et faciam. Totaque vita mea
cum omnibus et prognatis et posteris hac in re
&ollicitus et sedulus ero provisor. N equc mei laOOris,
COnalu! et pecunia': a me e1apsis mulcis
anni s ocque pcr me neque meos posleros expetam
et cfflagitabo, sed singura regiz gratia: et \'cstr;e
promissis committo, prorsusque confido permagna:
vestrOJ: providentiz, iuxta operam mam quam
coUotavi in eiecliooe Czsarca: lI-lajestatis. ct regi3:l
gratia':, et secundum vestra poUicita. sa sponsalia
inter Cacsarem Carolurn et regiae gratiz filiam pro
gressum ct excilum sortita (uissenl, tum in ipsis
omnem meam impendissem diligcDtiam et indus.-
triam, tum per me, tum meos et cognatOS et affines
omnibus modis expedivissem. Nunc verg sponsa-
lidis non exec:uus vel progredientibus, spero alio
beneficio regia gratia me condonabit, ut SUOil gntiOil
literz apertius indicabunL
PrOllten:a, anno dommi 1502, mensis August i,
maximum privilei;:ium a C;esarea Mai estate regia::
gratiz in An,lia et intel"CUr$um negotiatorum
a Czsarea Maie$tate conce5sum largissima
I[bertate, impetr.tre iuvi et opitulatus sum,
per Czsaris et regiz grati:ae commlssarios in
usum et commodum omnium in Anglia regi:ae
grati:ae subditorum, ut manifestius est ea in
loco, ubi episcopus Cantuargensis Doctor Domi.
nus Warren, antta commiss.ariUli cum Carolo de
Sowmerschett. pi:ae memoria:, camerario regis
Angliz, decem millia librarum sterlingarum contulit
regi:ae gratiz, dum ego, nomine C:aesare:ae Majes-
tatis, huiu!> reg" patri przsen$ obtuli privilegium,
przsentibus suis optimatibus, et consili.ariis, in Ie
Westmunster, tum retlgiosis, tum s:ularibus.
simul et decem mil(l]ia librarum sterlingarum data
,accepi mittenda Czsari Maximiliano, qu:ae eidem
Ciesari et conluli et mea secreto sigillo libera COm
probavi et 501uta, esse testatus sum, proprioque et
nomine et cognomine in ma.iorem fidem meipsum
subscripsi, ac amba.s.iatorem vel legatum Ca:sare:c
Maiestatis decuit, quod C:aesarea Maiestas eiusque
successores iIIud ratum et sancitum habere debeT-
ent, ipsumque a Czsare Carolo nunc et renovatum
et confirmatum ::estimo, vel saltern augendum regiz
gratiz facile sit pa.ssurus, el consensum concessurus.
ad quod consequendum, bumile et exiguum ob-
sequium (si Anglia vesua opus habuerit, et Regia
gratia mihi mandaverit) paratissimum et me sine
mora advent iUfe debco, ac sponte volo,
aut vellem, ad Czsaream Maiesta[tem in] His-
paIUam aut alibi, qUOr5um sua Regia gratia tunc
TRANSLATI ON.
that I may show and do a thing pleasi ng to the
king's grace and yours. During the whole of my
life, 1, With all my children and posterity, .,.-i11 care
fully and sedulously attend to this matter, and .... iII
not ask or demand, either personally or by my
descendants, any retum ror the labour, trouble and
money .... hich I have spent for many years, byt 1
commit everything to the of the Icing's
grace and yours, trusting completely in your great
,prudence, in consideration of the assistance whi ch I
gave the Icing's grace at the election of his Imperial
Maje$ty, and according to yoUI' promises, if the
espousals between the Emperor Charles and the
king's grace's daughter had been proceeded with
and taken effect; in which I used all my diligence
and industry, and employed all my relations and
connections. Now that the espousals have not
been executed and are not still in progress, I hope
that the king's grace will favour me with some other
kindness, as his grace's letters openly declare.
Besides, in the year ISO' , in the month of August,
I aided and assisted in obtaining a great privilege
from the Emperor's Maj esty, for the king's grace
in England, and the mercantile intercourse which
was granted with the most ample liberty by the
I mperial Majesty, through his and the king's
grace's commissioners, to the profit and advan
tage of all the king's grace's subjects in Eng.
laad ; as was more apparent at the time when the
bishop of Canterbury, Dr. Warham, fonnerly com-
missioner with Charles Somerset, of pious memory,
chamberlain of the king of England, offered in tbe
name of the king's grace, 410,000 sterling; while I,
in the name or the Emperor's Majesty, offered in
person the privi lege to the {ather of the present
king. in the presence 'of his peers and counsellors
spiritual and secular, at 'Vestminster, and received
t he 410,000 sterling to be sent to the Emperor Maxi
milian, to whom I gave the said sum and attested
the delivery with my own private seal, signing my
own name and surname for greater security, as was
fit for an ambassador or legate of the Emperor's
Majesty; and the Emperor's Majesty and his suc-
cessors ought to keep it valid and secure. I believe
that it has now been renewed and confirmed by the
Emperor Charles, or at least he would easily allow
it to be increased, and would grant hi s consent to
the king's grace; in obtaining which I offer my
humble and small but ready service, (if' England
has need and the grace orders,) and would go
without delay, (as I ought of right. and as I rreely
wish and would wish to do,) to the Emperor's
Majesty in Sp;!in or elsewhere, wherever t he
WILLIAM ROY'S CONNECTI ON WITH THE SE EDITI ONS. 3S
UERMANN RINCK TO WOLSItY.
iusserit profici obsequc:ntissimus tum
mini ster, tum ambasiator sive legatu(s
eisdem privilegiis, iuxta qua:: et me habeo t rga
regiam gr.uiam. I n quibu[s] privilegiis.
meo iudicio, rootinetur quod per totum Romanurn
imperium p(ra:dpueJ in Germania obstrepentes
Angliz regi neque ejusdem traditores demnt con.
servari aut perpeti, multo minus seditionem
Chri stianorum txcitantes loti us Anglici regni. Qua
propler eiusde[ml pri vilegii vigore et lege, Emundus
de upoell qui 5e ducem Suffolx(izJ nominabal, per
regem Philippum desiderabatur ,ut dignum erat in
Angliam adduci. Deinde et Wilhelmus Roy, WiI-
hetrnus Tyntaell. Hieronim[us] Batlo, Alexander
Barekley c:t eorum adhzrentes,etc . oli m obscrvantes,
ordinis Divi Francisci, nunc vera aposlatz. Nee-
non et Georgius Constans, el alii complures, regia:
gratiz obstrepentes, capi plecti et offern debebant,
ob hzresim lutheranam, tum de\endam, tum eradi -
candam et ad fidem Christianam confirmandam, ut
plurimum nunc opus est in Angliz regno. Hanc
meam opinionem multo c1arius, przdictum privi-
legium ostendet, cujus exemplar nullum mihi
retinui, sed gratiz: vestrz: excellentissima prudcnti a
ha:c multo prudentius ptrpendere et agere potest,
quam ipse scriptis exprimere valeo. Cum it:'lque
tale mandatum huc ad me missum fuef h , deo
optimo maximo in honorem ac vestrz gronia: totius-
que repi Anglici tum Christiane, tum diligen-
tissime, omnibus viribus et sedulo ipsum exequar.
Hoc itaque modo, regia: gratia: et veslrz omnibus-
que tum rdigiosis tum SlICcularibu5 subditis
Anglici regni in salutem et commodum quantum
potui divino opitulamine et iuxta vestra:: glatiz
mandatum, ha:reticorum libros inquisivi neque
labori neque pecunia: parcens, 5cd Francofordiam
ad nundinas abii, tum papali tum Ca:sareo man-
dato cum ipsis egi, pr:z:sertim usus sum iisdem
privilegi is vd mandatis qua: a divo Maximiliano
Czsare, et nunc moderno imperatore Carolo conse-
CUI\IS sum, oHm calcographum ipsum I ohannem
Schot t coram consulibus iudicibus et senatoribus
Francofordiensibus iureiurando compuli, ut faterel\lr
quot libros tal es excusserit in lingua Anglica,
Germanica, Gallica, aut alio ideomate, tunc ad
sacramentum dictum fatebat ur quod solum mille
sex quatemionum et adhuc mille libros novern qua-
temionum Anglico sermone excussisset, et hoc
I Here we the sum1me of 'frere J erome.'
, The English translator of Tlu Ship 0./ POIJIs.
How did he come into lhis list'
" Constantine.
TRANSLATION.
I9ng's grace might order, as an oQedient servant ,
ambassador or legate, (to obtain) the same pri vi-
leges, according to which I act towards the kines
grace. These privileges, in my opinion, contain
that throughout the whole Roman Empire, especi-
ally in Germany, no rebels or traitors to the king of
England shall be kept or suffered, much less
heretics who excite sedition among the Christians
of the whole kingdom of England. By force of this
privilege, Edmund de la Pole, who called himself
the duke of Suffolk, was demanded by king Phil ip,
to tie sent into England, as was fitting. Then
Wimam Roy, William Tyndale, Jerome Barlow,1
Al exander Barclay,' and thei r adherents, formerly
Observants of the order of St. Francis, but now
apostates, George Constans' also, and many other
rebels of the king's grace, ought to be arrested,
punished and delivered up on account of the
Lutheran heres)', which ought to be blotted out
and rooted up, to confirm the Christian faith, of
which there is much need in the kingdom of Eng-
land. Thi s opinion of mine the aforesaid privilege
will show much more dearly, but 1 have retained
no copy of it. Your grace's excellent prudence
however will be able 10 consider and manage these
matters more prudently than I can express them in
writing. \Vben therefore such a mandate comes 10
me hither, I will execute it to the honour 01
Almighty God, your grace and the whole realm 01
England, as a Christian, and with all my diligence.
strength and care. I n this manner therefore, fOl
the safety and profit of the king's grace and yours,
and of all the subjects of the English realm, both
religious and secular, as far as I could with divine
help, and according to your grace's command, I
searched for heretical books, sparing neither labour
nor money. I went to the market at Frankfort
with a papal and imperial mandate, using espc
dally the privi leges or mandates which I obtained
from the latc Emperor Maximi lian and now hold
from the presenr emperor Charles. I compelled
the engrnver J ohn Schott to take an oath before
t he consuls, judges, and senators of Frankrort to
confess how many of such books he had printed in
English , Gennan, French or other languages.
Then he confessed on oath that he had only printed
hitherto a thousand books of six quires 4 and a
t housand of nine quires
4
in the English tongue, at
4 Or signatures, i.,. sheets. Roy's R
consists of nine signatures. I suppose ]"1" Dill
IcC. cut rif {atm to be the one of six sheets..
E O
36 THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND.
RINCK TO WOLSEY.
iussu Roy et Hvckyngk, l qui charentes, libras
eXCU5$OS solvere non poterant, multo minus eos in
ca:teris Iinguis excudi facere. Quare ipsos ferme
omnes emptos Coloniz domi mez habeo, . a
gratia: vestrz filius meus et desider-
abit ut vestra grntia me certior{em faci)at quid
cum ipsis commercatis libris fieri velit, t'Jm omni
diligentia exequetur et tiel, quoad et mihi et meis
Dco favente possibile fuerit Regia: grntia: et vestra:
obsequium przstandi. Valeat igitur grntia vestra
mulns fa:licibus annis. Datum Coloniz, quarto
nonaS Octobris, anno 1528.
Obsequiosissimus ac deditissimus vestrz gratia:
ac sanctitatis familiaris, Hermannus Rinckus,
manu propria scripsit.
AtUlyts.rtd. Reverendissimo in ("l1risto patri , ac
domino Thoma: Cardinali Ebro-
censi, archicancellario, iIIustrissimi
principis regis Anglia!, etc.
Emwnt d. Harman Rynge. iiij nonas Octobris.
(Vi/tllius, B. ui. 43 ; British Museum.)
TRANSLATION,
the order of Royand Hutchins,t",ho had no money
to pay for the book5 printed. much less to have
them printed in other languages. \Vherefore I
!?ought almost all these, and have them at my bouse
at Cologne, as my son will show your grace and
will request your grace to inform me what you
wish t o be done with the books so bought, which
shall then be executed and done with all diligence
as far as is possible to me and mine with God's
favour, to show our duty to the Jting's grace and
yours. So may your grace fare well for many
happy years. Dated at Cologne, 4 October, 1p8.
The most dutiful and devote'd servant to your
grace and holiness,
HIlRMANN" RtNCK.
Adti"$$td. To the most reverend Father in
Christ, and lord Thomas Cardinal
of Yor1c, lord Chancellor to the
most illustrious Prince, the King
of England, etc.
EntllW$td. HARMAN RVNGE, 4
5. In A Proper Dayloge/ bctwcnc a gm/illman and a husbandmanl cche
c01llplaynynge to nth" their miserable calamitie/ through the ambicion of the
clergye, printed by Hans Luft, at Marburg, in Hesse, 1530; and of unknown
authorship, unless it be by Jerome Barlow of \ViIliam Roy; there occur, in
similar triplets, the following allusions to the burning of the New Testament.
6mlilhmm.
Yf the holy gospell allege we shuld
As stronge take vs they would
Vnlo their churche disobedient.
For why they haue commaunded st raytely
That none vnder great payne be so hardye
To haue in englishe the testament.
Which as thou knowest at London
The bisshop makinge ther a sermon
With shamefull blasphemy was brent.
n. ij .
\Vhan they 'bTennyd the newe testament
They pretendyd a :tete very feruent
To maynteyne oneiy goddes honour.
Which they sayde with protestacyon
Was obscured by translacyoR
In englysshe/ causynge moche errour.
Cvii
V. The Landing and DistribuNon in England.
1. In addition to the warnings of Cochlreus and Rinck, there came
other tidings to the king of the designed introduction into his realm of the
Forbidden Book.
EDWARD LEE, the' king's Almoner (who became Archbishop of York in
1 A mistake: Tyndale had nothing to do with
either of these books. This statement of &:hott's is
conclusive that the English New Testaments, which
were of much greater bulk, were not printed by him.
THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND 37
1531, and d. 13th September, IS44), journeying into Spain, wrote a
letter to the king, from Bordeaux, on 2nd December, 1525, in which he
thus announces what he had learnt in his hurried journey through France
in the previous month of November.
Please it your Hii bnesse to undrestand that sithen I found $0 large oeca.sion by Englisbe mercbaunts.
yOUI' subjects I could DO les!>e than advertise your Grace as well howe (an I am ptoCeded in my iomaye,
as also of the successe iothe same. This seconde daye of Decembr I anived at Buraeauhc:, aftre a con-
tinuall and as dlligenle j amaye :III this poutr bodie and my eariages togidr would sul'fr, not sparinge
oone daye, Sondaycs oooclic except, and oone day at Parisse, (or the relid of my self aDd my hon. In
ccrtayne places. as Bolayne. Maurcll, Abbe-vi.!, Bloy5, and this towoe Burdeaub:, I (ownd cortesie and
hODor in the reverence of your royall Majestie. At Pariss, Orleanns, and oedr. besides thees reher5ed,
DODe: The people shewe them self joyfull of the peax, wiche they wisshe to be perdurable, God
Imowethe they have mutche neede of it.
Please it your Highnesse moreover to undrestand that I am certainUe emormed as I passed io this
eontree that an Englishman, your subject, at the solicitation and instance of Luther, with whome he is,
hathe translated the Newe Testament in to English, and within (ewe dayes entendethe to arrive with the
same emprinted in Englond. I necde not to advertise your Grace what iDfecDon and daunger may ensue
heerbie, if it be not withstonded. This is the next way to fulfill your realme with LutherUris. For all
Luthers perv.erse opinions bee grownded opon bar words or Scriptur not well taken ne vndrestonded,
wiche your Grace hathe opened in sondrie places o( your royall Booke. All our (orfadres, govemon of
the Churche of En&;lond, bathe with all diligence forbed and CJ:chued publication of Englishe bibles, as
appercthe in Constitutions pr-ovinci.a.ll of the Churche of Englond. Nowe, Sir, as God bathe endued your
Grace with Christen courauge to sett forthe the standard against thies Philistees and to venquish them, so
I doubte not but that he will assist your Grace to prosecute and performe the same ; that is to vndre
trude them that they shall not nowe agaioe lift vppe their hedds, wiehe they cndevOl' nowe by mtanes of
Englishe Bi bleS. They knowe what hurte such books hath doone in your Realme in tymes passed.
Hidretoo, blessed bee God, your Realme is save from infection o( Luthers sect, as (or 50 mutche that
althowg anye peradventur bee secretlie blotted within, yet for fear of your royall Majestic, wicbe hathe
drawen his swerd in Gods cause, tbey dar not openlie avowe. Wherefor I can not doubte but that yoUI'
noble Grace will valiauntlie maignetaine that you have so noblie begonne.
This realme of Fraunce hatbe been somewhat tooched with this sect, in so mutche that it hathe entred
amongs the Doctors of Parisse, wherof some bee in prison, some fl ed, some called in JudiciUM. The
bisshoppe also of Meulx, called Melden, is summoned for t haI;. cause; for he sulfred Luthers perverse
opinions to bee preched in his diocese. Faber also, a man hidertoo noted of excellent good lief and lemyng
iscall ed among them, but somme saye heer for displeasur, whiehe I can well think. The Parliament of
Parisse hath had mutche business to represse thi" Sect. And yet, blessed be God, your noble Realme u
yet unblotted. Wherefor lest any dawnger mYiht ensue, if thies Books secreatlie shold bee browght in,
I thowght my dutle to advertise your Grace theraf, considering that it toochethe your highe honor,
and the wealthe and integrite of the Christen fayth with in your Realme; whiche can not long endur if
thies Bookes may comme in. The Holie Gost assist your noble Grace. At Burdeaulx, the
second daye of Decembr. . Your most humbl e preest, subject, and almosinar-EoouARDI!I: LBa.
Sir Henry Ellis's Onr. Lttters, 3 S . ii'13. The original is .MSS. VtSp.c. iii. /01. :l;U. Orir.
2. The famine in London in IS27 leading to a vastly increased importa-
t ion of Corn could have nothing to do with the first introduction of the
Testaments by March 1526; though it may have facilitated their later
importation. Edward HalleJs account is as follows:
By reason of the great raynes, .wllieh fel in the sowing time 3-nd in the beginning of the last yere now in
the btginnina- of thys yere come began sore to fayle throughout the realme, in so ruuche that in the titie
of London, bread for a whyle was very skant and peopl" did starne daily for bread, for wheat so fayled
38 THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND.
that none could be gotten for money. Sauyng Ih:lt the king of his goodncs sent to the dtie of his owne
prouysion, vi. C. [six hundred] quarters, or cIs for a weeke ther had ben litle bread in London, yet was the
scarcilie more then yederth. For then wheat was only at xv. s. [.Cu. 5$. ad.] the quarter, and from thence
it rose to xx. s. LeIS] and after to xxvj . s. viii. d. [20] the quarter. Men sayd that the negligence was in
sir Thomas Seimer knyght then Maior. Many substancial! men would haue made prouision (or their
houses, but they feared lest the comminaltie would haue taken it (rom them. Then were CQrnmissions
senle into. all shires and commissioners appoynted to see what wheat was in the realme, and the commis-
sioners ordered that no wheate should be conueyed out of one shire to another, which commaundmenl had
Iyke to haue raysed trouble, and specially the citie of London with the same was sore agreued, for thei had
no arable ground to sowe, but must make prouision with money, which proui sion was them denied in
diuerse shires by t],at commaundement, wherat the chezens grudged, so the Maior and Aldermen seyng
that the people began to murmure, came to the Cardinali and moued him o( ye mischiefe that was like to
ensue: either the people must dye for famyne orels they wyth strong hand wi! fetche come (rom them that
haue it. To whom he answered yat they should haue wheat ynough out of Fraunce, (or the French kyng
seyd to me quod the Cardinall that yf he had but three bushels of come in all Fraunce, Englande should
haue twayne so muche he loueth and regardeth this realme; with this answer thei departed and euery day
laked for French wheat, but none came: and farther such wheat as ye Marchauntes of England had brought
and shipped in Normandy, and other places were ther restrained, so that the relefe ther failed, but the
gentle marchauntes of ye Styliard brought from Danske, Breme, Hambrough and other places great
plentie, and so did other marchauntes from Flanders, Holand and Frislande, so that wheat was better
chepe in London, then in all England ouer. Then tho people sayd, se how we had bene serued by the
Frenchmen in our necessitie if th[e]emperors subiectes had not holpen vs. For this kindnes the common
people loued t h[e]emperor the better and al hys subiectes. The kyng of hys goodnes hearyng that ye
wheat in Fraunce was stopped, mused not a litle, and so for comfort of thys cyty of London he lent 1.1
[a thousand] quarters, for ye whych they both thanked him and prayed for hym. Then wythin short
space the marchauntes or London so diligently made prouysyon in all places for Wheat and R,ye, that after
Christmas [1527-8] they lacked none, and al the parties adioynyng to them wer fain to fetch wheate of them
and none to them was denied, notwythstandin{t' their vnkynd commaundement geuen that the Londoners
should none haue of them. Tlu 'xix. yere if Hen. VIII. [22 Apr. IS21-:U Apr. 1528.] Fat. 166-1'
3. A principal person on the continent, connected with the Importation
of the New Testaments into England was Richard Hannan, a merchant of
the English factory at Antwerp, respecting whom there is the following
Royal prescnpt extant.
A mu tht ljutl U
(ThisislMqllulls
autograph]
By the Quene.
Trustie and right welbiloved we grete you weill and where as we be crediblie enformed
that the berer hereof Richard Herman marchaunte and citizen of Antwerpe in
Brabant was in the tyme of the late lorde Cardynall put and expelled frame his ftedome
and felowshipe of and in the Englyshe house there for nothing ells (as he aft"ermelhe)
but oonly for that that he dyd bathe withe his gooddis and pollide to his greate hnrte
and hynderans in this worlde helpe to the settyng forthe of the newe testamente in
Englyshe/ we therefore desire and instantly praye you that with all spede and fauoure
conuenient ye wall cause this good and honest marchaullt being my lordis true faith full
and loving subiecte restored to his pristine fredome libertie and felowshipe aforesaid
and the sonner at this oure requeste, And at your good leyser to here hym in suche
thinges as he hathe to make further declaration vnto you in this behalf Geven vndir
our signett at my lordis manoure of Grenewiche the xiiijth daye of l\hy.l
Cotton MSS. Cleop. E . v./ol'350.
Addrtlud on tht back. To oure trustie and right welbiloved Thomas Cromwell esquyer chief Secre--
tarye vnlO my lorde the kinge hyghnes
Endorstd on tltt back. The Queenys Grace letters (or Richard Harman.
I The year is I S ~ 4 ' Cromwell was acting as
Secretary of State In April IS34: and was not
made a Lord, untilg July 1536.
THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION I N ENGLAND. 39
\Ve possess in a collection of State correspondence between England
and the Low Countries in 1526-3 1, now Colt. MSS., Galba B. ix.,
further information respecting Richard Hamlan's imprisonment at Ant
werp, on the accusation of J oh11 Hackett, the English Envoy. Harman
and his wife were sent to prison on 1 2 J uly 1528; and being charged first
with being heretics, afterwards with being traitors, were remanded from
time to time, while Hackett was endeavouring to obtain proofs of his accu-
sation; which failing to do, they were discharged on 26 February 1529.
Hackett writing in December 1528 states that Harman estimated this im-
prisonment to have entailed a loss of two thousand guilders [200 then,
equal to 3000 now] j and the above 'letters' of Anne Boleyn's show
that he was expelled of the English House at Antwerp. When Hackett
therefore happened, on the 7 April following, to be in that city, Harman
got him arrested for fal se imprisonment, but the Amant and Lords of the
city after long deliberation released him. 'Whereupon Hackett appealed
to the Margrave, and on the 12th April the Amant and Lords of Antwerp
were summoned to the court at Mechlin, and there reprimanded and
directed to apologise for the affront given to the English Envoy; which they
did. Meanwhile Harman sustained C greate hurte and hynderans in this
worlde.'
We have in the first 9f Harman's two petitions to the Emperor, in July
1528, both written in Flemish, the exact grounds of his first accusation;
for the following abstract of which I am indebted to Edward Levi.en, Esq.,
M.A., of the British
To the Emperor. Richart Hermans and his wife, arrested by the Margrave of Antwerp (1) for having
received books from a German merchant (viz. New Testament in English without a gloss'). and sold them
to an English merchant who 'has bad them conveyed to England; did not know he had done wrong, be-
cause he is no clerk' [!J (:I) Also accused of sheltering Lutherans ; if so, he did it unwittingly,
as many people are in the habit of lodging with him. W Also accused of eating meat on Saturday; did
so wittl the knowl edge and consent of his priest. 4s money is due by and to him, and he has much busi-
ness with English merchants, who may soon depart and so leave him without means to pay his debts,
begs the Emperor will give the Margrave an order to rel ease them on solvent bail, promising to return to
prison when ordered; especially as he has never supported any of Luther's opillions. /01. 131. O .. ir.
4. Here, as in our researches we leave the continent and return to Eng-
land, we cannot but call special attention to the secret, we might almost
say organised action of English merchants abroad, by whom Tyndale was
sustained. Tyndale lands at Hamburgh, an unknown man, in May 1524;
within eighteen months he has printed three books, counting Matthew and
Mark as one : which apparently involved an investment of money approach-
ing to 10,000 of the present day. He had to pay Roy and to defray the
I Although the date, July 1528, is coml?:iU'atively No other Engl ish edition printed in Ge.nnany berore
bte, this caD be no other than th.e Octavo, lnasmucb this date is knOWIl.
as Harman bought them of a Genna" merchant.
40 THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND.
expenses of living, travel1ing, and the like; yet whether at Hamburgh, at
Cologne or at Worms, at Marburg or at Antwerp, he is personally cared for
and supported in his great work. Money never failed him. ,\Ve trace
this assistance especially, in that the first impression of the Quarto was
reductd from 6000 to 3000 not on the score of money but from fear of
detection. And not only Tyndale, but Roy also. Had not Rinck been
quick, the English merchants would have redeemed his works
from pawn, and scattered them through England. We know not the extent
of this strong Protestant anti-Wolsey feeling, for many of the early printed
English Protestant books which were produced abroad before 1532, such as
HoTlulus Anima in English, the very earliest editions of The Primer, and
the like, appear to have utterly perished. Yet there are su1;ticient of such
works extant to show how heartily many English merchants on the con-
tinent laboured for the Reformation of their own country.
5. The printed English Testaments being ready, there was a people pre-
pared to receive them. For upwards of a century, amid all manner of
national vicissitudes, the Lolla.rds had been multiplying written copies of the
original translation of Wycliffe and of its revised version by John Purvey.
They had increased, despite continuous persecution; and were now a scattered
unorganised association of tradesmen, craftsmen, and such like, especially
numerous in those districts nearest the continent and therefore most ac-
cessible to influences from without, as in London and the Eastern Counties.
Many of them learnt to read-an unusual accomplishment amoog the lower
classes at that time; and where they could not read, they often committed
to memory entire doctrinal treatises or dialogues, if they were short; or
whole gospels or epistles of the New Testament. Fewer of them could
. write, yet it was through the devotion of those few that so many copies of the
whole or portions of Holy Writ were spread through the country. They knew
each other by the names of brethren and sisters in Christ, or as known men
and k1llJWn women. We get an explanation of these latter titles in the follow-
ing passage of a book entitled The Reprusor oj uver-muck blaming oj the
Clergy, which one of their adversaries, Reginald Pecock, then Bishop of
St. Asaph, wrote against them ahout the year 1449.
The firste of tho tel:tis is written t . Cor. lIii.ije c. in the eende thus: StllJuli if nt.y mlUl vn.kn4Witlt, M
",hal h fI",b'4WUIf .l Bi this text thei takeD that if eny-.maD knowith not or putte Dot in what he mal his
bisynes forto leeme the writing of the Bible, as it l.ijth in text, namelich the writing of the Newe Testament
he schal be vnknowen of Cod forto he eny of hise. And for this, that thei bisien hem silf forto leerne and
knowe the Bible, namelich the N ewe Testament, in the forme as it is writun word bi word in the Bible,
thei geuen a name propre to hem si lf and depe.n hem sil f k,1C'WU# 1IUII, as lhoug alle han them ben
1 This is a very COlTUpt translation by Wydilfe.
The Authorised Version has it, But ifan), be ign4.
rant, ht him beipwrallt: I Cor. xiv. 38. Thedesig.
nation, though a perversion-very eJl:cusable consider_
ing that all the learning of the age was against them-
based upon a misttanslation shows how eager these
men were after the Word of trulh, as the
of the will and mind of God.
THE LANDING AND DISTRI BUTION IN ENGLAND. 4(
vnlmowun; and whanne OOD of hem talkith with an other ofhcm of sum other.iije ( third] man, the hetrer
wale aske thus: Is he a knowc:n man t' and if it [be] answerid to him thus: Yhe:, he is a knowen man, '
al is saar, perel is nOI (orto dele with him; and if it be answc:rid to him thus: 'He is DO knowtn man '
dianne: percl is castid forto miche homdi dele: with him. i . 53. Ed. 1860.
\Vhile Lollardism had thus long been a standing element in the religious
life of England; there had lately come into the country from the continent
two distinct influences of dissent; the new 'learning,' Hebrew, Greek,
Plato, and the like i and the new' faith,' ~ h e teaching of Luther and his
colleagues. \\' hat Lollardism had done for the artisans, these two in-
fluences were doing for the Universities, and some of the clergy and monks j
unbinding their hearts from old delusions, attaching utterly new ideas to old
familiar words, revealing a new way of salvation-faith simply on the
Saviour of manldnd-and especially giving insight into the depth, beauty,
fulness, and sufficiency to teach, of the SaCl'ed Scriptures. Now the Papal
system was, and is chiefly founded upon false ideas being attached to words
which are unquestionable. The English Hierarchy, as we shall presently
see, instinctively felt that the sting of Tyndale's translation lay precisely in
this. Tyndale also knew this to be the point of attack of all others, and
inserted the following Prologge entirely for this purpose j that right ideas
should be attached to well known words. The three thousand errors with
which hi s translations were charged were for the most part but so many new
meanings attached to old words. We shall see presently the grossly di s
honest way in which that number of exceptions was arrived at. Meanwhile
we realise the superlative value and importance of a simple truthful transla-
tion of the Scriptures over all mere attacks or arguments, to the turning of
the minds and hearts of Englishmen to a truer knowledge and a purer love
of the Triune God.
6. One of the chief agents in the distribution in England was SIMON
FvsHE, the author of The Supplicacyofl lor the B eggers. John Fox gives
the following account of this boldhearted man in his Actu, c,..c.
Maister Symon Fyshe, home of a Noble stock, a genl!eman or graies inne. one or a tal stature. A.
xxxvi. yeare a goo the (yrst yeal'e after he came to London to dwell [whIch was about ye yeare o( our
Lord, 1525. Ed. 1510) theire was a certeyne playe made by one maister Roo of the same inne gentil
man, wherin partly ther was matter a geinst the Cardinali Wolsey. And where none dunt take vpon
them to pl;..)"e that part which touched the saide C:Jrdinall, Ihis (onaid m:l.iuer fishe toke vpon him to
do It wheruvon great displeasure followed vpon the C:l.rdinalls parI, I n somuch as he being punued by
the said Cardinali the same night this t ragedy W:l.S pbid, was compelled o( (orce to voyde his owue
house , and so fl ed ouer se:l. vnto Tindall. '-pon occ.asion wherof the next yeare (ollowing Ihis bake was
made, [(being about the yeare 1521) Ed. 1510] and so (not tong arler in the yeare (as I suppose) 1528, was
Ed. 1570] sent ouer 10 my Lady Anne Bulleyn, who t hen lay at :I. place not rarre rrom the Courte.
Whiche booke her brother seinge in her hande, looke it and reade it, and gaue it her againe, willing her
earnestly to giue it to the king. which thing she so did. ISt Ed., 1563; ,. 448 ; 2rfd Ed., 1570, p. 1152.
Vie have quoted this statement merely to confute it in some particulars.
There is an earlier description of this play, which was performed in the
Christmas of 1526-7. Tyndale was at that time in 'Worms.
F
42 THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND.
This Christmas was a g80dly disguisyng plaied at Greis inne, whiche was compiled for the mosle part. by
Master l ohn Roo, seriant at the law. xx. yete past, and long before the Cardinali had any aucthoritie, the
effecte of the plaie was, that Jorde gouemauncc was ruled by dissipacion and negligence, by whose misgoucr.
nance and cui! order, lady Publike welt was put (rom gouernance., which caused Rumor Populi. l nward
grudge and disdain of wanton souercignitie, to ryse with a great multitude, to negligencc and dis
sipation, and to restore Publik weith again to her estate, which wu so done. This plaie was so set furth
with riche and costly apparell, with simunge diuises of Maskcs and morishes that it was highly praised of all
menne, sauyng of the Cardinali, whiche imagined that the plait had been diuised ofhym, and in a ireal
furic sent for tbe saied master Roo, and toke from hym his Coyfe, and sent hym to the Flete, and after he
sent for the yong gentlemen, that plaied in the plaie, and them hyghly rebuked aDd thretened, and $tnt
one of them called Thomas Moyle of Kent to the Flete, but by the meane! of freeDdt'$ Master Roo and
he wer deliuered at last. This plaie sore displeased the Cardinali, and yet it was neuer meaDte to hym,
as you haue harde, wherfore many wysemen grudged to see hym take it so hartely, and euerthe Cardinali
saied that the Kyog was hyghly displeased with it, and spake nothyng of hymselfe. Tlu A"tJij/A. 7"' d
Hm. VIlI.: (22 Apr. 1526-21 Apr. 15271 /01. 15.4' Ed. 1548.
There is a letter, date 6 February I527, in the State Paper Office,
of Archbishop Warharn, deprecating the excessive punishment of Serj eant
Roo. The date of the play is therefore beyond question. It is certain
that Fyshe did not go beyond the seas to Tyndale, in January 1527. He
may for a time have been in hiding: otherwise when the stonn had blown
over he occupied his own house in Whitefriars up to the spring of 1528"
and was busily engaged in superintending the sale of the New Testaments
which he had received from Richard Harman.
\Viai am Rastell, Serjeant at law, who edited the English 'Workes' of his
uncle Sir Thomas More, states that TIle Supplycacyon of Soulys was
'made' in 1529. It was certainly wrillm after Tyndale's of a
Christian Mall (the printing of which, at Marburg ill Hesse, was fini shed
on 8 October 1528) had reached England, as the note at p . 8 testifies.
It could therefore have hardly been writlm until early in 1529. It was '
published--as the title-page of the first edition More was
still only Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and therefore before
. 25 October 1529, when he became Lord Chancellor. More was also
abroad signi ng the Treaty of Cambrai in July and August [the treaty was
signed on 5 August], and with the King at Woodstock in September: his
Supplicacyoll was therefore in all likelihood writ/ttl in the spring of the
year, though it may have been published while he was on the continent.
The composition of More's "Supplicacyon fixes with certainty the public-
ation of Fyshe's Supplicacyonfor I lle to which it is a prompt reply,
to have been early in 1529. 'That dyspytuose and dyspytelul person/
which of late vnder pretexte of pytel made and put lorth among youl a
boke that he namyd the supplycacyon for the beggarsl' fo!. I. Fox states
that Fyshe's Invective was ' throwen and scattered at the procession in
Westminster upon Candlemas day, before the king,' and that Wol sey
caused his servants .' diligently to attende to gather them up that they
should not come into the kinges handes.' pp. 445-9. Ed. 1563.
THE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND. 43
Fyshe may have gone abroad as soon as the persecution of 1528 arose
and there printed his Supplicacyoll, which is a small eight-paged tract,
now excessively scarce. Anyhow he was soon back again in London;
he died in 1530.
1. But the most precise evidence as to the Distribution is t9 be found in
the confession of ROBERT NEC1'ON, made apparently at London in 1528.
It is reprinted by Strype from the Registries of the Bishop of London:
There is no date, but it was certainly made about the middle of that
year. NectoD distinctly refers to this Quarto edition as ' of the great
volume: 'of the biggest ': to the Octavo edition as 'of .the smal volume J :
and to the first surreptitious edition, printed by Christopher Endhoven at
Antwerp in th,e autumn of 15 26, in the edition that was offered to him
about 1527, by the I Duche J i. e. German man. He also gives
us information as to the prices at which the Testaments were sold.
W
E bowght at sondry tymes of Mr Fyshe dwellyng by the Whight in London, many of the
New Testaments in English; that is to S3y. now v. and now x. And sometyme mo, 3nd some'
tyme less, to the nombre of xx. or xxx. in the gret volume. The which New the
sai lli. Mr Fyshe had of one Harmond, an English man. beyng beyond see. But how many he had this
respondent cannot tell. And thi s respondent saith, that about a yere and half agon he fell in a quain
taunce wi th Vicar Conslanlyne here in London. 'Vhich shewed this respondent first, that the said ?!Ir
Fyshe had New Testaments to sell; and caused this respondent to by some of the said New Testaments
ofMr Fysbe. And the said Mr Fyshe, at the desire and instance of Vicar Constantine, browghte the said
New Testaments home to this respondents house. And before that Vicar Constantine caused this respond.
ent to by some of the s.aid New Tes:aments, he had none, nor no other books, except the cbapiters of
Matt hew. I
And moreover, this respondent s.aith, that about the same ' tyme he lold fyve of the said New Testa-
ments to Sir William Furboshore Iynging man, in Stowmarket in Suffolk, for VII . or VIII . grotes a pece
[2.1'. "d. or :u. ad. equal to . ISS. od. or '1 os. od. oow]. Also, two of the same New Testaments in
Bury St Edmonds; t hat is to say, to Raynold 'Vodelesse one; and Thomas Horran another, for the same
price. . '
Also, he saith, that about Cristmas last, he sold one New Testament to a Priste ; whose name he cannot
t eil, dwellyng at Pycknam Wade in Northfolke; and two Lalin books the one Chr;S/14lta;' and
the other Uuio Dissidtn/bmr..1 Abo, one Testament to William Gibsun merehaunt man, of the parish of
S. MaRaret Patens.
Also, Vica.r Constantyne at dyvers Iymes had of this respoodent about a xv. or XVI. or the New
Testaments of the biggest. And this respondent saith, that the sard Vicar Constantyne dyvers tymes
1 Evidently Tyndal e's first publication.
t This book has defied my research. All I can
lurn of it is its fuller ticle, E(olU}lIr.l&a CAris/ialt.
"'ri,11411(1m iltstituem.
I A Protestant work by the' venerable' Doctor,
Herman Bodiul. Of the Latin editions of separate
parts, sep:mately issue!! one anei- the other, before
1517, I have been unable to see a copy; but have
inspected a French editi on, L'II1114n. tie limit dis-
(ortil, printed by Martin Empereur at Antwerp in
15)2. It is a collection of passages or Scri pture
and of extracts from 17 of the early Fathers; and
has for its motto Sfts mea lesus. The first
treats of (I) Adam's transgression aod original sin.
(1) All men are sinners through Adam. 0> How
we are delivered from sin, and concerning infant
baptism. (,,) Concerning predestination, vocation,
justification, and glorification. (s) Concerning the
double law, i. l. the natural law and the l"Dsitive
law. (6) The works or the law. (1) Of Judicial
law and the secular sword. (8) Of grace and
merit. (9) or faith and its work$.
The second part treats (10) Of the sufficiency of
the word of God. (11) Or penitence and the
three modes of confession. (1 2) Of brotherly
rebuke. (lJ) Of abstinence and fasting. (r.) Of
prayer. (IS) Of the laboUT of the hands. (16) Of
pardons and indulgences. (17) or the sacrament
of the Body and Blood. of Chri st. (18) or the
order of the ecclesiastical const itution. (19) That
F 2
44 lHE L A NDIN G AND DISTRI BUTION IN E NGLAND.
bowght of him cerlayne of the sayd New Testaments: and this respondent lykewisc, of hym. Also. ho
sol d Sir Richard Bayfell two New Testaments unbound, about Cristmas last; (or the which he payd
iiis iiiid. (;1 10$. cd. ]
Fanhermorc, he aaith, that he hath sold v. OT VI. 0( the said N. Testaments to diverse persons of the
cite of London, whose namys, or dwellyng places, he dOth not remember.
Moreover, he sai lh, that since Easter last , he bowgh t of Geffray [ Lolme] of Saynct Antonyes, with
whom he hath byn aqueynted by the space of a yue, or therabout (by reason he was MT Forman, the
person of Hony Lane his and (or that this respondent did moche resort to the 53.id persons ser-
mons) XVIII . N. Test:lments in English of the smal volume, and l(XVI. books , al of ont son. called ODno-
mia CI,ristialla in Latin: and two other books in Latin, called For which he
payed hym XL I. [)0.] Of the which Christia114 Vicar Con$tantyne had XIII. at one tyme.
And of which N. Te$taments since Easter this respondent earyed xv. of them, and the other XXIII.
ChristiaHa, to Lynne, to sell. Whi ch he wold have. sold to a young man, called Will iam
merchant man, dwellyng by one Mr. Burde of the same towne. 'Which young man wold
not medle with them, because t!tey were prohibite. And so this respondent left the saM! books at Lynne
with the said William, untyll his retornyng thider ayen. And so the $;lid hookes do remayne ther still,
as yet. And two of the said N. Testamehtl he hath in his own custodie, with another of the great
volume. Also, another Te!>tament of the smaJ volume he sold since Easter to young Elderton, merchant
man, of Saynct Mary Hill parishe.
Howbeit he saith, that he knew not that any of lhies hooke! were of Luthers sect.
1'0 the xv tilth article of the I ndictmentJ, That he hath byn a he saith, that he twice or
t hryese hath byn in Thomas Mathews house of Colchestre. Wheras he hath red diverse tymes in t he
N. Testament in English, before the said Thomas Matthew, his wife, ,VilJiam Dykes, and other servantes
ther. And there, and t hen have herd old Fathe r Hacker speke of prophe$ies: and have had communi-
cation$ of diverse articles; which he doth not now remembc:r.
To the XJxth, 50 begynnyng, That 060Ht D,Y a of N. Tuto1funll, he saith, that
about Cristmas last, there came a Duche man, beyng now in the Flete, which wold have sold this re-
spondent, ii or iii hundreth of the said N, 1'est ament:< in English: which this respondent did not by ; but
him to Mr Fyshe to by them: and said t o the Duehe man, Look what Mr Fyshe doth, I wi! do the
same. But whether l'IIr Fyshe bowght any of them, he cannot tell : for which iii. hundreth be shold
have paid XVII. vs!., after Ixd. a pece. [)00 at . would amount to u 50" oIi.: representing 111. 3d.
and 168 150'. ad. now. The price offered was evidently put at the very lowest. )
To the xx. article, Thill he is he sailh, that since Easter last, he was at Norwicbe at hLs
brothers house, wher as one had complayned of thi s respondent to my Lord or Norwiehe, because he had
a N. Testament. 'Vherfor bis brother counceled this respondent to send or deiyver his said N. Testa
ment: and said to him, If he wold not delyver it, my Lord or Norwiehe would send him to my Lord of
London, his Ordinary. And so arterwards he sent it to London by the caryer.
1'0 the XXI. article, so begynnyng, Tltat !at! lult flu Nrw
he confes$ith, that after he had knowledge of the condempnation of tbe said N. Testament, by the space
or a yere, or more, he balb had in his cU$lodie, kept, and studyed the same Tutament, and have red it
t horoughly many lymes. And aJso have red in it as weI within the citie and diocess of London, as
within the citie and diocesse of N orwiche. And not oneiy red it to himself, but redd and tawght it to
diverse other.
To the XXII. be answeryth and denyeth, that he had Wycliefs Wycket or the ApocaJips at any tyme.
J. STRvpa, I. PaTt 11.11. 6)- 5' Ed. 1822.
P er me ROBERT NI!:CTON.t
all the faithful are priests, kings, and prophets:
but all are not ministers of the church. (20) Of
the honour due to saints. (21) Of the burial
of the dead. (22) Of Antichrist. h3) or the
flight and persecutions of Christians.. {2,,) Of the
C3SCnce of divinity. The Fathers qUOted are
Ambrose, Athanasius, Augusti ne Bcde. Bernard,
Chrysostom, Clemens, Cyprian, Cyril, FulJl;enlius,
Gregory, H ilari us., J erome, La.ctantius, Origen,
Tertulhan, Theophylactus. This work was of great
value in I?roving that the doctrine of the Reformers
agreed With that or the Fathers and of S(:ripture.
t The general tenour of the conression would
seem to show that N ecton was answering three
general (:harg6; as to the Quarto, then as to tbe
Octavo, then as to the Antwerp impression.
THE LANDING AND DI STRIBUTI ON IN ENGLAND. -15
N ecton, whose brother was Sheriff of N onvich in 1530, and who him
self appears to have been of good posi tion, does not seem to have
carried on thi s hazardous work of colportage for the. sake of money ; but
to have sold the Testaments approximately at cost price, viz. at about
two shill ings or two shillings and sixpence each, bound [equal to
1 l os.od. to 1 I7s. 6d. each].
If three thousand copies were struck off of each edition by Tyndale's
printers; the amount invested by the English merchants, who supported
him in the two impressions, at two shi llings each copy, was 600, repre-
senting 9,000 o( the present day. I t would seem also from the above,
that the Octavo copies were cheaper than those in Quarto : but Necton's
deposition is not sufficiently clear to determine by how much.
8. Respecting Constantine 1 and N ecton, theJ:e is the following later in-
formation in Si r Thomas More's C()Il/u/acy()n ()f Tylldaiu A1tsweTe, 1532 :
with which we must here dismiss them.
As George Constant yne ere he escaped, W3.S redy to haue in worde at the leste wyse abiured all that
holy doctryne (.410,..' is what his herte was god and he know, and peraduenture the
deuyll to yf he emended otherwyse. But surely there was ent ended toward hym somwhat more good,
t hen his dealynge had byfore deserued. And so myeh the more fauour was there mynded hym, in that he
$tmed very penytent of his my sse vsynge of hym selfe, in fallynge to l'yndales heresyes agayne. For whyehe
he knowledged hym selfe worthy to be hanged, that he hadde so fa lsely abused the kynges iflIciouse remis-
syon and pardon geuen hym byfore/ and hadde for all that in the whyle both bought and solde of t hose
herctycall bokes, and secretel y set forth those heresyes. \Vherof he shewed hym selfe SO repentaunt, that
he vttered and dysclosed dyuers of hys companyons, of whom t here are some abiured synnys, that he
wyste well were abiured before, namel y Rycharde Necton whyche was by COnStantynes deteccyon taken
and commytted to Newgate / where except he happe to dye before in pryson, he standeth in grete paryU
to be ere it be longe, for hys fall ynge agayne to Tindales heresyes burned. . .
How be it Necton now syth he was taken sayed t hat hys wyfe had burned them. But it is well knowen
that Neelon had hym selfe and a man of hys also, solde many such hokes of heresye, bothe in London
and in other shyres syth his abi uracYOII. . . Cc.i.
How be it as for Constantyne as I sayd before, semed in pryson here very penytent, and vtterly mynded
to forsake such heresyes and here tykes for euer. In profe wherof he not onely detected as I sayd hysowne
dedes and his felowes, but also st udyed and deuysed how those dellelysshe bookes whyche hym selfe and
other of hys fdowes hadde brought and shypped, myght e come to the byssboppes handes to be burned. And
I The followi ng somewhat account of
this man may be preserved in a note.
Geor,lte Copstantine, born about 1$04, received
his education in Cambridge university. and was
bachelor of canon law 1524' Acopting Protestant
opinions he went to Antwerp, where he assisled
Tyndale and J oye in the translati on of the New
Testamenl, and t he compilat ion of various books
exposing the corruptions of the church and
t he supen.tition of t he age. Whilst in Brabant
he practised for a yea r as a surgeon. About
t 5]O he was seized on a visit he made to Eng-
land for the of prohi bited boob.
He was examined by lir Thomas More, and is
said to have made disclosures as to his associates
abroad in order 10 escape punishment for heresy.
It seems however that sil Thomas More set him In
the stocks, and that he made his escape and went
agai n to Antwerp. He was residing in Wales 1539.
About 15+6 he became registrar of the diocese of
St. David s, and in 1549 archdeacon of Carmarthen.
He was one of the principal accusers of Ferrar
bisho? of St. David's, but before the death ef that
prelate was reconciled to hi m. In 1559 he became
archdeacon of Brecon, which office was vacated the
ume ye:u- by his death. It appears that he was
married, and had a daughter who was the wife or
Thomas Young. afterwards bishop of St. David's,
and ultimately archbishop of York. C. H. aDd
1'. COOPER, AJ". Calltail . i. :lOS, Ed. 18S8.
46 THE LANDING ANp DISTRlBUTION IN ENGLAND.
therfore he shewed me the shypmannes name that had them, and the markes of the (erdelJ)'s, by whych I
haUl: synnys hy!; e$Cape receyued thorn. And it maye be by gOOdes grace, t hat though man Red bense
for reare of suche harme as he wyste he had well deseruedJ and yet Will nothynge towarde hym. but per.
aduenture more good then he was ware of : he is yet amended in hys mynde and hath in hys hartc forsaken
aU Tyndalcs heresyes, and so I pray god it bel for I wold be sory yat euer Tyndale sholde glory and
boste of hys burnynge. How be it in the meane whyle, tyU it may well apperc thai he be surely turned
to the C3tholyke (aylb agayne. I wil aduyse all good crysten (olke and specyally the kyngcs subieetcs, to
forbere and eslyew [esc;huewe) hys CODlpany. For yat englyshe wbich shaU be founden to be famylY:lI"f
wyth hym there, before his conuersyon here knowen and proued, maye therby brynge hym selfe in5uspycyoD
of heresye, and happely here thereof at hys retoumynge hyther. Cc. ii.
9. It is with regret that we cannot enter here into the story of ROBERT
B ARNES, D.D., the Augustine monk of Cambridge; of his Sermon on
Christmas Eve, 24 Dec. 1525, and the consequent trouble that came to him
through it until it climaxed in that 'gorgeous fasyng with myters, and crOSM
staues, abbots and pryours,' with Wolsey enthroned at their head, at St.
Paul's on Sunday II Feb. 1526. There Barnes was put to open penance
and thence returned to "the Fleet, where he remained about six months.
After which he w.as a fr ee pri soner at the Augusti ne Friary in London,
have the following pictures of him, actively engaged in the distri-
but ion of the printed New Testaments.
John TybaJl of Steeple Bumsted, on 28 April '528, deposed as
Furthennore, he saythe, that at Mychaelmas.se last past was twelve monethe this respondent and Thomas
Hill es came to London to Frear Barons, then being at the Freers Augusti nes in London, to buy a New
Testament in Engli'she, as he say the. And they found the sayd Freer Ba.rons in his chamber; wheras there
was a merchant man, reading in a boke, and ii. or iii. more present. And when they came in, the Frear
demawnded t hem, from whence they cam. And they said, rrom Bumstede ; and so forth in communication
they desyred the sayd Freer Barons, that th[e)y myght be aquaynted with hym; because they had herd that
he wasa good man; and bycause they wold have his cownsel in the New Testament, which they desyred. to
have of hym. And he saithe, that t he Soayd Frear Barons did perseve very well, that Thomas Hilles and
respondent were infected with opinions, bycause they wold have the New Testament. And then fanher
they shewyed the sayd Frev. that one Sir Richard Fox Curate of Bumstede, by ther means, was weI entred
in ther lernyng; and sayd, that they thowgh"te to gett hym hole in shorte space. Wherfore they desyryd
the sayd Frear Barons to make a letter to hym, that he wold continew in that he had begon. Which Frear
did promyseso to wryte to hym a leiter at afternoone, and to gete them a New Testament. And then after
that communication, the sayd Thomas Hill es and this r espondent shewyd the Frear Bvons of cenayne old
bookes that they had : as or iiii. Evangeli stes, and ceruyne Epist les of Peter and Poule in Englishe.
Which bookes the sayd Frev dyd little regard, and made a twyte of it, and sayd, A poynt for them, for
they be Dot to be regarded toward the new printed Testament in Englishe. For it is of more cleyner
Englishe. And then the sayd Frear Barons deIyverid to them the sayd New Testament in
Eaglyshe : for which they payd ilisild [. u/.6d.] and desyred them, that they wold kepe yt close. For
he wolde be loth that it shold be knowen, as he now remembreth. And after thedclyvennce of the sayd New
Testament to them, the Frear Baronsdyd Iyken the New Testament in Latyn to a cymball tynkklyng, aDd
brasse sowndyng. But what rarther exposytion he made uppon it, he cannot tell. And then at aftemone
they fett the sayd letter or the sayd Frear, which he wrote to Sir Richard : and red tbat openly before
them, but he doth not now remember what was in the same. And so depanyd from bym ; aod did never
since speke with hym. or write to hym, as he saithe. Also, he saithe, that abowgh a half year agone, he
delyverid the sayd New Testament to Frear Gardyner : which he ne"/er had ageyne.
J. STRVPB. Mil". I. Pa.rt It",pj. 54-5. Ed . 822.
Har!. MSS. 42I,jot. 35, contains what is without doubt the correspond-
1HE LANDING AND DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND. 47
ing deposition of T. Hilles, servant of Christopher Raven a tailor of
Wytham. "It runs thus:
Al so he saithe that abowt whYlsontyde was Iwelr moneth he came to london with l ohn Tyball and
speke with (ru r barons at frears Augustyns in his chambrc and the said Iohn Tyball told the said (rear
barons that they came (rom Cantcbrigc to by some of the new testaments. And in hi s chambre they
fowndc a young gentleman whom he did not know hauyng a chayne about his neck, to whom the said
(rear did rcdc in the newe testament and this respondent taryed still in his chambre and herd hym cede a
chapitour. of powlc as he remembrith and after that done I. Tyball moued the said frear barons of sir
Richard Ffox and shewed that .sir Richard was well lerned and rekcned that be wold do well wherfore
he desyred frcar barons that he wold wryte a louyng letter to the said sir Richard which frere barons
SO wrote a letter to the !kli.d sir Richan.l which letter after he had wry ten it he did rede it to this re-
spondent and Iohn Tyball, howbe it he doth not now remenWtre what was conteyned in it and de1yuued
to Tyball. And afterward eche of them bowght a new testament in Engl ishe of hem' and paid iijs [7
51. od.) for a pece, which he kept after that it was forboyden [1 Sept. or Oct. 1526) vntyll the sonda)
before myd lent last past [8 March 1528). In which new testament he red in Roger a Tanner house of
bres Gyfford, bower hall, mother Bochers and mother Charles, and at last sold the said !lew testament to
sir Richard Ffox.
10. Of the labours of GEOFFRAY LOUIE, STEPHEN FORMAN, S.T.P. , and
other suspected Distributors, not much detailed information has come
down to us.
1\. These Testament-Circulators deserve to be held in perpetual honour.
They were anti-Papists before the Testaments arrived in this country. They
instinctively saw in them die great instruments of deliverance of the
people from priestly thraldom that weighed so heavily upon them: and at
the hazard of all their worldly health and wealth, they devoted themselves
to the dangerous work of their distribution far and wide.
12. It may be interesting to close this section with the records of the
earliest possession of the printed New Testaments in England, viz. In
March and April I526,as yet known.
John Pykas, a baker of Colchester, confessed on 7 March
That about a v years last past at a certayne tyme his mother then dweUyng in Bury Stnt for hym and
mouyd hym that he shuld not beleve ill the s.acraments of the church for that was not the ryiht way.
And then she delyvered to thi s respondent. on[e) booke of powles Epi stoles-in ElIglyshc and bide hym Iyve
after the maner and way of the said epistoles and gospells and not after the way that the church doth.
teche. Also about a ij yere last past he bowght in CotchCl'ter of a lumbard of london a new testament in
Engli she and paid for it iiijs [3) which new testament he kept by the of iiij yeres (1 months} and red
it thorowghl y many tymes. And afterward when he hard that the s.aid new testament was forboden that
no man should kepe them. he delyvesed it and the book of powles Ep.isloies to his ayen. Ba,.l.
MSS. 471,/01. J7.
J ohn Tyball of Steeple Bumsted, already quoted, confessed on 28 April
15 28
Furthermore. he saytbe, that abowght ii yeres agon he companyed with Sir Richard Foxe Curate of
Bumstede, and shewid hym a1 his bookys that he had; that is to say. the New Testamente in Englishe. the
Gospel of Matthew and Mark in Englishe ; which. be had of J ohn Pykas of Colchester; and a book ex-
poundyng the Pater NoJler, the Aw Ma,.fa, and the C,.ed,,; certain of Powles Epistoles in Englisbe,after
th[e) old translation; the iiii Evangelists in Englishe.
J. STRYPL Eules. II{mr. 1. Pa,.t II., :/:/. Ed.
THE PERSECUTION iN ENGLAND.
VI. The Persecution in England.
The huntin,g down of the Book (and it is with that chiefiy that we have
to do) preceded the punishment of its readers.
1. OUf earliest printed information of the very first action of Cardinal
Wolsey and the Bishops respecting the destruction of the printed New
Testaments comes to us in the name of the King himself.
Luther, on 1St Sept. 1525, wrote his second letter to Henry VIII.; but
with bad taste published it before the King himself it, which was
not till the 20th of March, 1526 . . Some time aftenvards Henry printed
his answer, with Luther's letter ; prefixing to both a short preface Pio
Leday;; all three in Latin: in a small book entitled Lilcrariu1Il ,
quibus respondet ad quandam pis/a/am Lutheri, the printing of which was
finished by R. Pynson on the 2nd of December, 1526.
Not satisfied with this, Henry subsequently had this work translated into
English: A copy of tIlt letters wlurin tlu most redouted and migMy prince!
our souerayne lorde kYl1g Henry the eight! ky ng of E1Ig/ande and of Frmmce!
dr/msor of the faith! alld lorde of lrelande .. made answere vnto a certayne
letter of Marlyll Lutlurl sent vnto Ilym by tlte samej and a/so a copy of ye
foresayd Luthers leller/ in suclu order! as lurea/ier f olloweth: which was also
printed by Pynson, without date: but the latest date assignable to it cannot
be long after the beginning of '5'7. For Jerome doubtless got the
account he gave to Roy of the Episcopal ' consistory,' from it.
To this English translation there was added in the King's name a special
preface in which occurs the following passage.
For we dOllt e nat but it is well knowen to you aliI that Martyn Luther late a frere AligustyneJ and now
.ron Ollt in Apostacy and wedded/ hath nat onel y scraped out of the and kyndeled agayne/ almost
all the embres of those olde errours and heresyesJ that euer heretyke helde sythe Christ was bome
hytherto : but hath also added some so poysoned point es of his owncJ so wretched. / so vyle/ so detestable/
prouokynie men to myschefel encoragyng t he worlde to lynJ preachyng an vnsaciat Iybcrtel to alleden
them with aliI and finall yl $0 farre agai nst all honestyl vertue and reasonJ that neuer WllS t here
ent iUly heretyke/ so fane voyde of all grace and wytl that dunt fOf shame 'peke them.
We therfore seyng these heresyes sprede abrode/ and inwardly sorowynge so many christen
soules to r on to royne/ as hath done in other regionsl by the occasyon of suche pestylent
errours/ entendyng for our partel somwhat to set hande therto/ wrote after our meane lemyng/ a
lytell treat yse/ for the asscrtyon and probatyon of the holy sacramentes: In whiche we reproued/
and as we t rust/ suffycientl y refuted and conuynced{ the most parte of the detestable heresies of the
sayde Luther/ contaygned in his abhomynable bokel entytul ed de CajJIiHilate. For angre
and furye wheron vpon two yeres aft er1 Luther wrote and sent oUle agaynst vs a boke/ Dothyng answeryng
to ye mater/ but all reason sette asyde/ stuffed vp hi s booke wit h only furious raylyng/ whiche his boke we
regardynge/ as it was worthyJ contempned and nat wolde vouche safe any thing to reply/ reputyng OUf
selfe in Christes cause/ nat to good with a ryght meane man to rel son or contraryl but nothing metely
frutclesse wit h a leude Frere to rayle. So came it than to passel that Lut her at laste/ parceyuyng wyse
men to espye hym/lemed men to leaue hym/ good men toabhorrc hym/ and his f..antyke fauourers to rall to
wracke/ the nobles and honest peopl e in Almaygnel bcynge taught by the profe of his vngr:l.t yous prac
tysel moche more hurt and myschcfc to folowe t heron than euer they loked after/ deuysed a letter 10 VS/
writtenj to abuse them and all otber nations/ in such wyse/ as ye by the contentes theron hereafter shal well
THE PERSECUTiON IN ENGLAND.
49.
perccyue. In whiche he fayneth hilIl$elfe to be en(ormed! that we be toumed to the fauour of his sectc.
And with many fbteryng wordest he laboretb to haul! VI content that he myght be bolde to write to VI; in
the mater/ and cause of the gospeU: And thervpon without answere had (rom vs/ nat onely publysshed the
same letter and put it in print/ of purpose that hi s adherentes shulde be the bolder/ vndtt ye
:shadowe of our (auour! but also fell in dc:uyce with one or two Icude persons! borne in this our realme/
(or the translatyng of the Newt testament in to Englysshe/ as well with many corruptions of that holy
textl a.s certayoc prefaces/ and other pestylente gloses in the margentesl for the aduauncement and settyng
(orlhc of his adbomynablc hcresycs/ cntcndynge to abuse the gode myndes and deuotion/ that you oure
dertly beloued people beare towarde the holy scrypture/ and to eafecI you with the deedly corruption and
contagious odour of his pestylent errours. In the aduoydynge wherof/ we of our especiaU tendt-e zeale
towardes you/ haue with the deliberate aduyse of the most reuerende father in god/ Thomas lorde Cardynalll
legate de Latere of the see apostolykeJ Archebysshop of yorke/ primate and our Chauncellour of this realm(I
and other reuerende fathers of the spyritualtyeJ determyned the sayd and vntrue translatyons to be brenned/
with further sharppe correction and punisshment against the keparsand reders of the same/ rekenyng of your
wisdomes very sure that ye wyll well and thankfully parceyue our tendre and louyng mynde towarde you
therin/ and that ye will n ~ u e r be 50 gredy vppon any swete wyne/ be the grape neuer so plesaunt/ that ye
wyll desyre to taste ill beyng well aduertised yat your enemy before hath poysoned it. .
,. We thenore our wellbeloued people/ nat wyllyng you by such subtell meanesj to be disceyued or
seduced/ haue of our especiall fauour toward youl translated for youl and gyuen out vnto youl as well
his said letter written to vs/ as our answere also made vnto the same: By the sight wherof{ ye may
partely parceyue bothe what the man is in hym selfel and of what sorte is his doctrine.
Enm,. 1M Bodkian. eob of Ihis Izussivll,y 1'/J,-,I",ul.
There was then indubitably a secret deliberation of the Cardinal and the
Bishops at some time after Tonstall's arrival home in April, 1526; and, as
we shall immediately see, before or in the October following.
2. One of the first results of this concerted action was the sennon at
Paul's Cross by Tonstall, Bishop of London, in which he told the peopl ..
that there were three thousand errors in the translation, and made the other
statements quoted by Roy, see pp. 30-3 I. On this occasion Tyndaie's New
Testaments were first offi.cially denounced, and publicly burllt.
Though the date of this Sermon and Auto da je cannot be exactly
recovered, it may provisionally- until demonstrative proof turns up-be
placed in September or October of that year.
A confused rumour of the occurrence reached even to Rome; and there
is extant a letter of Cardinal Campeggio to Wolsey, dated Rome, 21
"November, IS26, which begins with the following passage-
Non possum non maxime laetari, cum quottidie
intelligam a serenissimo et potentissimo Rege
nostro ope[ra) et diligentia lIIustrissimae Domina-
tionis vest rae, al iquod opus gloriosum et salutare
pro tuenda religione Christiana. in isto su[o] regno
geri. sicuti nuper !;Urn summa eius laude et gl oria
auditum est, Majestatem suam sacrum B[ibli.ae]
codicem, qui ad pel1.lertendum pias fidelium simpli-
dum mentes a perlidis abominandz sectz Lut(her-
anaeJ sec:tatoribus uernaculo sermone deprauatus.
et ad eiu$ regnum delatus fuerat, iustissime com-
burl fecisse. Quo certe nullum gratius omnipotenti
I caDnot but greatly rejoice, when I hear dail}
from our most serene and most powerful king, that
by your most illustrious Lordship's assistance and
diligenu, a glorious and saving work is being ear-
ried on in his kingdom for the protection of the
Christian rel igion i as, for instance, we lately heard,
to his Majesty"great praise and glory, that he had
most justly caused to be burnt a copy of the Holy
BilJle, which had been mistranslated into the common
t ongue by the faithless followers of Luther'sabomin-
able sect, 10 pervert the pious minds of simple
beli evers, and had been brought into his lingdom.
G
50
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
Deo holocaustum fieri potuit. Persisbt igitur
IlIustrissima [Dominatio vestra] in ea in qua est
specula, et pium Christianissimumque illud
regnum a tam scelerata et peruersa heresi, (uti
semper fecit) tueatur atque defendat. Vt Maximi
Regis nostri proprium decus sit Ch[ristianam]
fidem non minus felicissimis armis quam diuino
ingenio summis lucubrationibus et exacta di-
lige[ntia] a sceleratis hostibus protexisse et in
t utiorem, felicioremque statum redegisse. Quod
ego, qui eiu[sJ incomparabiles uirtutes optime noui,
omnibus affinno, et futurum certissime confido.-
Coli. MSS. Vii. B. viii. 16,..
Assuredly no burnt could be more pleasing
to Almighty God.
May your most Illustrious Lordship long continue
on your present watchtower, and protect and defend,
as you have always done, that pious and most
Christian kingdom, from so accur.;ed and perverse
a heresy, so that the peculiar glory of our great
king may be to have protected the Christian faith
(rom the accursed enemies, not less by successful
war, than by his divine taients, great SHldies, and
careful diligence, and to have brought the faith into
a safer and more happy state. Of this, I, who well
know his incomparable virtues, assure every one,
and I most assuredly trust that it will be so.
Henry may have himself, as a symbolical and official act, burnt one copy
of Tyndale's translation (for no English Bible existed at the time or for
long after) ; but it is far more reasonable to take the Rumour in Rome as
originating from the Burning at Paul's Cross. If so, allowing a month
backwards from 21 November for the news to travel to the Papal Court,
we get the middle of October as the approximate date of Tonstall's Sermon
and Bonfire.
3. This seems the more probable: inasmuch as without doubt that
Sermon and its attendant Fire were only a part of a general scheme of
attack on t-l}e Forbidden Book: and it was on the 24th_ of October, 1526,
that Tonstall issued the following injunction to his four Archdeacons of
London, Middlesex, Essex, and Colchester, after the manner of the
following one.
Cutbertus permissione diuina Lond. Episcopus
dilecto nobis in Christo Archidiacono nostro
Londo. seu eius officiali, salutem gratiam et bene-
dictionem.
Ex pastoralis officij nostri debitoeaquz ad subiec_
t orum nosttorum periculum, et maxime ad intenle-
t ionem animarum earundem tendere dinoscuntur,
salubriter propellere et totis viribus extirpare as-
tringimur. Sane ex fide dignorumrelatione ipsaque
rei euidentia,' ad nostram iamdudum perueni t noti-
ciam, quod nonnulli iniquitatis filij ac Lutheranz
factionis ministri quos summa excaecaui t malicia, a
na veritatis et orthodoxz fidei decl inantes, sanctum
dei euangelium in vulj!:are nostrum Anglicanum
subdola vel1lutia transferentes ac nonnullos hzre-
ticz articulos et opilliones erroneas perni-
ciosas pestiferas, scandalosas etsimplicium mentium
seductiuas intenniscentes, illibatam sacrz
scripturz. nmiestatem, suis nepharijs et tortuosis
interpretationibus ptophanare, et verbo domini sa-
crosancto et recto seosu eiusdem caUide et peruerse
abuti tentariot. Cuius quidem translationis non-
TRANSLATION BY JOHN FOX.
Cutbert by the permission of god, byshop of
London, vnto our in christ the
Archdeacon of London, or to his ollidall, hellh
grace and benediction.
By the deuty of our pastoral! office, we are
bounde diligently with all our power to forsee,
ptouide for, roote out and put away all those
things, which serne to tende to the perill and
daunger of our subiectes :tnd specialy ye distruc-
t ion of ther soules, wherfor we hauing vnderstand-
ing by ye reporte of diuers credible persones, and
also by the euident apparaunce of the matter, that
many children of iniquitie mainteiners 'of Luthers
secl, blinded through extreame wickednes, wand ring
from Ihe way of truth and the catholike faith,
crnft[e]ly haue translated the new testament into
our English tongue, entermedling therewith many
hereticall articles and erronious (lpinions, pernicious
and offensi ue, seducing ye simple people, attempt_
ing by their wicked and peruerse interpretations
to prophanate ye maiestie of the scripture, whiche
hetherto hath remayned vodefiled, and crafrely to
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
(lulli libri impressi quidam cum ,105is, quidam sine abuse the moste holy word of God. and the true
glosis, vt accepimus, dictum pestifclurn et pemici- sence of the same, of the whiche tnnslation there
osum virus in vulgari idiomate in se contincntes in are many hokes imprinted, $Ornt with gloses and
promiseuam nosuarum dioc. Cl iurisdictionis Lond. some without. cOnlcining in the english tongue
multitudinc sunt dispersi, qui sane tJ"cgem noLis that pes!iferous and moste peroicious poyson dis--
commissum, nisi cilius prouideatur urn pestifero persed throughou t all our dioces of London in
veneno Cl martiftro prauitatis hlltreticz: morbo, pro- great nomber, whichc truely without it be spedcly
culdubio inficicnt ct contarnil1llbunt in animanlln (onene without doubt will contaminat e and infect
nobis commissarum graut periCUiUDl ct diuina: the fiockc committed vnto vs, with moste deadly
maiestatis offensam. poyson and heresy. To the greuous perill and
Vnde nos Cutbertus episcopus nnte dietus de pre- daunger of the soules committed to our cbarge, and
diet is magnopcre 40lenles et ant iqui hostisealliditati the offence of godsdiuine maiestie.
ire, quam SUIS satellitibus ad animarum subditorum Wherfore we Cuthbert the byshop aforesaid,
nostTorum interemptionem subminist rat , ob'uam greuousiy sorowing for Ihe premisses, wiUing to
curaque pastorali super grege Dobis commisso wi thstande the eTaf! and subteltie 0' the auncient
dill genler inui gilare ac remedia opportuna przmissis enemy and his ministers, which seke the destruc--
adhibere cupientes, vobis coiunctim diuisim ion of my fl ock, and with a diligent eare to take
commiuimus ac firmiter in virtute sancta: obedienciz heade vnto the fl ock committed 10 my charge, de-
qua nobis lenenUni iniungendo mandamus, quatenus siring 10 prouide spedy remedies for ye premisses,
autoritate nostra moneatis monerive faciatis omnes we chargee] you iointlyand seuerally, and by virtue
et singulos tam exemptos quam non exemptos, of your obedience, straightly enioyne and com-
infra vestrum Archidiaeonatum vbi libet commo- Maund you that by our autorytie you warne or
rantes, quatenus infra x.u:. dierum spacium quo- cause to be 'warned, all and sinGUler aswell exempte'
rum quidem dietum l1ettm pro primo, decem pro asnotexempt,dwellingwithinyourArchdecon[rie)s.
secundo, et decem pro tertio et peremptorio termino that with in. xxx. daies space, whereof ten daies
sub excommunicationis pcenJ. ae criminis hzreseos for the first. x. for the second and. x. for ye third
5uspicionis incurrendz eis assignamu$, omnes et peremptory terme, vnder payne of excommuniea-
singulos huiusmodi libros translationem noui testa- tion, and incurring the suspicion of heresie, they
menti in vulgarem linguam faCtam ad do bring in and really deliuer voto our vicar generaJ,
nos seu nostrum in spi ritual ibus vicarium generalem all and singul er such books conteyning the
inferant et realiter tradant. Et quid in pracmissis lation of ye new testament in the English tongue,
feceritis nos aut vicarium nostrum huiuSAlodi infra and that you doo certyfie vs or our said commissary,
duos menses a die dati presentium debite certifi_ within. ii. monthes, after the day of the date of
care personaliter vel per literas vestras patente$ these presents, dewly, pel'$Onally or by your leters,
vna Cllm pracsentibus auteni'lce sigillatas non omit- together with these presentes, vnder your sealeS.
talis sub JXena contemptus. what you haue done in the premisses, vnder paine of
Dat. sub sigmo nostro 74. die mensis Octobris An. contempt.
M. D. 76, nostrac cons. An. quinto. Geuen vnder our seale the xxiii[j]. of October, in
Fox, Aclts, b'c., p. 449. lit Ed. 1563. the v. yeate or oure conseaation.
!. A further presumption of a previous examination of the Transla-
tion, and a concerted plan respecting it, may be found in that the gravamen
of Archbishop Mandate of 3 Nov., I526, as addressed to Voysey,
Bishop of Exeter, is identical with that of Tonstall's Injunction.
Willieimus, permissione divina Cant. archiepiscopus, etc. vener. confratri nostra domino Johanni, Dei
gratia Exon. episcopo, vestrove vicario in spi riwalibus generali, salutem, el fraternam in Dominocharitatem.
Ex pastoralis officii nostri debito ea, quz ad subjectorum nostrorum, periculum et maxime ad interne-
cionem animarum earundem tendere dignoscuntur. salubriter propellere, et totis viribus extirpare astrin-
gimur. Sane ex fide di)tDorum relatiOfie ips.aque rei evidentia ad nostram jamdudum pervenit notitiam,
quod nonnulli iniquicatis filii, ac Lutheranae factionis ministri, quos summa excaeeavit malitia, a via
verilatis et orthodoxz fidei declinante5, non modo sanctum Dei evangelium, sed etiam reliquam Novi
Testamenti partem in vulgare nostrum Anglicanum subdola versutia transferentes, ac nonnullos haereticae
pravitatis ar,.aiculos, et opiniones erronea5, perniciosas, pestiferas, scandalos.a.s, et simplicium . mentium
seductivas intromiscentes, illibacam hactenu.5 s.acrae scripturae majestatem, sub nefari.is et tortuosis inter-
G 2
52 THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
pretationibus profana.re, CI verbo Domini sacrosancto, et recto ejusdem caUide et perverse abut;
tt mptarunt. Cujus quidem translationis nonnum libn impressi, quidam cum glossis, quidam si ne g\05$i5,
ut accepimus, dictum pestiferum et pemiciosum virus in vuJgari idiomate in St continentes, in promiscuam
vestrarum dioec. provinciae Cant. multitudinem sunt dispersi, qui sane gregem Dobis et vobis com-
missum, in [oi lJcitius provideatur, tam peslifero veneno, et martirero pravitatis haereticae morbo pro-
culdubio inficient, et contaminabunt, in animarum nobis el vobis commissarum grave periculum, et divinae
majestatis gravissimam ofrensam.
Unde nos Willieimus, archiepiscopus antedictu$., de praedictis magnopere dolentcs, et antiqui hoslis
calliditate, quam suis satellitibus. ad animirum dictorum nostronim subditorum interemptionem subminis-
trat, obviam ire volentes, VO$ honamur et nihi lominu$ (quia res gravis praejudkcii agitur) in vinute
uncta:: obedientiae firmilet injungendo mandamus, qualenus cum ea, qua decel, celeri diligentia monealis,
moneri ve faciatis omnes et smgulos, tam exemptos quam non exemptos, infra vestram diocc. ubilibet com
morantes, quatenus infra 30. dierum spatium, quorum quidem dierum decem pro primo, decem pro
secundo, et decem pro tertio et pcremptorio termino, sub excommunicationis poena, ac criminis haereseos
suspicionis incurrendo eis assignetur, omnes et singulos huiusmodi Iibros, translationem Novi Testamenti,
vel aliquam ejus particulam in vulgarem linguam factam continenles, ad vos seu vestrum in spirilualibus
vicarium generalem inferanl, et realiter tradant per vos seu vestram auctoritatem igni committendos. Et
quid in praemims feceritis, nos citra ultimum diem mensis Januarii prox. post dalam praesentium per
Iiteras vestras patentes auctentice sigillatas, numerum librorum hujusmodi ad manus vestras obtentu
praefatae monitiODis delatorum, ac per vos, ut, przmittitur, numeratorum [incineratorum
l
] in se contine.ntes,
una cum praesentibus debite certificare non omi ttatis sub contempt us.
Dat. in manerio nostro de Lamehith tertio die meDsis Novembris, anno Dom. M. D. XXVI. et nostras
transl. XXIIf. Wil.k.in.s Maglla Britannia, iii. 706. Ed. 1737.
5. Then probably in order of time next came King Henry's Preface
to his people, about the beginning of 1527; quoted above.
6. There is also a short but singularly important note from Dr. Robert
Ridley, chaplain to TonstalI, Bishop of London, to Henry Golde, nephew
and chaplain to Waxham, Archbishop of Canterbury, which possibly gives
the title of this Quaxto New Testament. The date is onlY'4 Februaxy ;
but we beli eve; from the absence of any mention of the later Protestant
literature (Tyndale's Parable oj the Wicked Mammon and .the like) and the
general tenor of the note, that the year is without any doubt 1527.
Robert Ridley to Henry Golde.
Maister Golde, I banly oommande me vnto you. As concemyng this commOD and vulgare translation
or the new testament in to englishe, doon by Mr. William Hichyns, otherwais called Mr. W. Tyndale, and
(rear William Roy, manifeste lutberanes heretikes and apostates, as doth oppynl y apeir, Dot ooly by their
dai ly and contiouall company and familiarite with Luther and his disciples, bot mych mor by their com-
mentares and annotationes in Mattheum et )farcum in the first print ,' also by their preface in the 2d prent,'
and by their introduccion in to the epistle of Paule ad Romanos. alto gither most posoned and abhominable
hereses that can be thowghl ; he is not filius Ecdesiz Christi that wold receaue agodspeU of such damned and
precised heretikes, thowh it wet trew, Iyk as Paule and OUT Saviour Crist wold not take the trew testimonial
of Evil Spretes that prased Cmte trew saying QutJd ./ilills 'rat,S et quod ipse Paulus s""us usee WT1
Del:' As (or eITOUrs i( ye baue the first prent with annotationes in Mauheurn et Marcum, and the preface,JiI,l
1 True in the copy in Voysey's Register
ii. St. at Exeter. See Foxe's A cts, ,U., iv. 76 ...
Ed. by Rev. S. Townsend, M.A., 18 .. 6.
J ohn Voysey, alias Harman, was Bishop of
Exeter between 31 Aug., 1519, and I" Aug., IS51.
Separate publications simuitaneouslypublished.
'The present Quarto.
tAn aaaptalion by Tyndale of Luther's Preface,
translated IDIO l.atin by Justus Tonas in '!lu.
I Mark ill. u. IAcu xvi. 17. f i.t. T'" Prolo"t.
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND:
53
is mere frenesy I he saith that euangelium nihil est aliud quam du\cis promissio so that by that meancs
agite, is no part of the euangelion, the pater noster is no part of the godspell, ite maledicti in
ignem etemam, no part orthe euangel ion bot only such aPjJrojJitu}uaIJit reg-Num ca!lorum,'inlnirtis requum
animaiJus vtstrjs.' Also he writIeth] in that preface and annotationes that there is no difference between
virginite and an hoor of the stewes, if she cum to Also that Iyk as no man doth evil to the
entent that he show[d] be punyshed or hanged therefor, so no man showd do good to haue any rewarde
contra ad faciendas iustijimtwnu tuas propter et ad H ebra:os de Mose
aspidelXl! en;m in nmuneratorem: alias et iJlud, facile 11cbis amicos de mammona, fli
cllm reelpi.'In! eos in lahernacula.
8
Also that by good warkes we do no thyng
contra illud, ad Carinthas, fit referal flnusquisqut In-oul g-usit sill;! !Jqnum, situ malu1lt,lO et i!l ud
genes[eosJ ad Abraam, quod feds!i kane rem etc.Lt item illud .Mattha:i, ,,'Iod sitivi et milzi
iotum &c.
12
venite benedicti patm mci.l
3
Also he saitb that he that doth any thyng to haue hy
place in heven, he is Satanice et Luciferine I haue none of thies bowkes bot only I remembre
such thynges I redde in the prefaces and annotationes. As for the texte of the godspeU first the title is
hereticall, saying that it is prent as it was writen by the- euangelistes:
H
cum neque conscntiat cum antiqua
translatione neque cum Erasmica; this is the bowk of generacion of iesus the sonne of Abraam and also
the sonne of Dauid.
ls
Cum in archetypa sit nominatus absolutus, et in ilIo, /iliiAbYiUlm.filii Dauia.
l
&&c.
fit sensus, ipse unum solum al'fert eumque minus germanum; t'o/uil clam ab ea \7 he wold haue
putt hir away j in 'lifO ad Romanos, in so mych that euery man hath synned. et homo
stultissime, repent tO- By this translation shall we losse at thies cristian wordes,
penaunce, charite, confession, grace, prest, chirche, which he alway calleth a congregation, quasi
turcharum et brutorum nulla esset congregatio, nisi velit illorum etiam esse ecclesiam i Idololatria
callith he worshippyng of images. I wold that ye showd haue seen my lordes bowkes. As for the
translati on in Franche withowt any postille it is for cenane condemned in Parys decreto publico,!1 thow it
be trewly doon, condemned I say, that it shal not be lawfull to publishe it to euery layman-bot by prests
quorum labia custodiflnt .s(dt ntiamJ.u and so it was in the old law and in the tyme of the apostles.
Vide Sutorem de translatione biblfa.
73
I certify you if ye look well, ye shat not iij Iynes withowt faw! in al the bowk, bot I haue not the
bowk to marke tham owt, ye showld haue had lasure yourselff to h.aue doen it, how be it, it becummyth
the people of Criste to obey and folow their rewe11ers which hath geven study and is lemed in such
as their people showd heir ani beleve, thai showd not iudge the doctrine of Paule ne of Paule
vicares and successours bot be iudged by their learnyng as long as thai knaw nothyng contrary Goddes
lawes as Saynt Bernard saith most goodly and clerkly in libro at.' disftnsatione et fwiECt.'plo .
Vale in al haist. Your awne, Roa&RT RIDL&V, priest.
Item, illud Pauli, stuUas 9_sliones aroita etc.24-bewarre of fowlishe problemes or questiones in the
scotes. Hoc procul dubio dictum in odium scolastica: theologia::: et universitatum. Such a thyag is in
the translation, thowh it be not in the same wordes. Ego et pater unum 15 sumus," We ar on, quasi
diceret, unus
27
sumus, and not on substance or on thyng. Shew ye to the people that if any be of so
prowde and stubume stomac that he will beleve there is no fawt ne errour except it be declared to hym
that he may se it, lau hym cum hither to my 10rde28 which hath profowndly examined at and he shal heir
and se errours except that he be blynde and haue no eys.29 24 Februarii.
Master Gold, I pray you be goode to this pore whoman, Gyl Barttes whyfl', as yet your tenawnt.30
1 See p. of prologg-t. I Matt. iii. 2.
a Matt. XI. 2g. Seep. 12 of prolog-got.
s Seepp. 13, I4 offrolcrg-e. G Ps. cxix. 112.
7 Heb. xi. 26. Luke xvi. g.
g See p. 8 of 10 2 Cor. v. 10.
II Gen. xxiLl6. 12 Matt. xxv. 3$. 13 Matt. xxv. 34'
14 From the quotation Rom. Iii. 23 immediately
following, I take this title 10 be that of the New
Testaments, both wanting in the only cories known.
. U See text at-'. 17. I Matt. i. I.
17 Matt. i. Ig. 18 Rom. iii. 23. It Matt. iii. 2.
III i. t.'. R t.'ftnl instead of Do penanct.'.
'1 The anti of the Parliament or-Paris condemn.
ing Le FeVTe d'Elaples' translation into French o[
portions of the passed on 28 Aug.
IS;; Ldong .. BtU. Sacra!l t. 335. lIZ Mal. ii. 7.
A CarthUSIan monk, Pierre Sutoris who 't'3S
.a Doctor of Theology, wrote Dt.' Trilla/lone
et 1IQV(lrum. reprwalione
5 Dec. 1524. The printing by Jehan Petit
fimshed. 28 Feb. 1525. The :12nd and last chapter
deals With vernacular translations.
u Tim: ii .. 23 . .15 III/ohn x. 27 Masc.
A slgmficant admission 0 the eSllrnation that
Tyndale'S Testaments were held in by the people.
119.Tonsta11 have tried imprisonment and
ImPFove eyesight.
80 1 hlS lioe IS wotten m a different hand.
54
THE PERSE CUTI ON IN-ENGLAND.
Ve shal not ncede to accuse this tnnslatiOD. It is accused and damned by the conscnt of the prelatet .
aJld learned men, and commanded to be brynt, both heir and beyonde the see, wher is many hundreth
of tham brynt. 50 that it is to layt now to ask reSOD why that be condemned, and which be the (awtcs
and errours.
Luther and his scoote teachith quod nos non cooperamus cum gnatia dei, .sed t.antum patimur ut san
ct bycawse of that this lexlC, n(JfJ Ira ud gratia dei MINi/m,l thus is t ransiate , not I bot the grace
of God in me. Quam hoc hocretice, maligne. seditiose et (also translat\l m &1, qui non pcrpcndit, stupidus
est. My lorde your Ina.$t"er hath of thi es bowkes gcvcn and scnde to my lordc my master.
ShC;N the people that ye be cum to declare VOIO tbam. that ccrtai[nJ bowkcs be condemned by the
cownsell and profownde examination of the prelates and fathers of the chirch.
Addrtsud. To Master Henry Golde, Chaplayne to my lorde.of Canterbery, at KnoUe.
Co1l. AISS., Clio. E. v.:f. 362. 6.
7. Meanwhile, the Archbishop of Canterbury had been actively but quietly
at work, buying up, through his agents abroad, all the English New Testa-
ments he possibly could obtain,' This action on the part of 'Varham but
further illustrates the great union and activity of the English Hierarchy in
stamping out the condemned translation.
Having completed his purchases, and apparently belie,;ng that he had
bought up the whole of the t hree Editions by this time in existence, the
Archbishop issued, on the 26th May 1527, a circular letter to hi s suffragan
Bishops soliciting contributions towards these expenses. We obtain our
knowledge of what he had thus accomplished, from the following reply of
NIX, the blind Bishop of Norwich.
In right humble maner I commendeme vnto your goode Lordeshippe doyinge the same t'undrestandelhat ,
1 lately rcceyued your Lc:ttres, date'd at your Manor of Lambethe the xxvj daie of the monethl! of Maij ;
by the whi che I do perceyue that youre Grace hath lately goten into your handes all the boks of the Newe
Testamente translated into Englesshe and pryented beyonde the Sea, aswele tboseS with the gloses iOYned
voto theym as th'oder' withoute the gloses, by meanes of exchaunie by you made theriore, t o the 50mme
of Ixvjli ix.r iiijd. (991, ]
Surel y, in myn opyni on, you haue done therin a graciouse and a blessed dede, and God, I doubt not,
shall highly rewarde you theriore. And where in your said Leuen , ye wri te that in so mo<:he as this
mater and the daunger therof of remedie had not be prouyded shulde not only hllue towched you, but all
the Husshopes within your Province; and that it is no reason that the holle charge and coste tberof
shulde reste only in you ; but that they and euery of theym for their parte shuldeavaunce and contribute
certain sommes of money towarde the same; I for my parte wul be contented to avaunce in t heir behalue,
and to make paymente therof vnto Maister William Potkyn your scrvaunte.
Pleaseth it you t'undrestande that I am right wel e cont ent ed tn yeve and avaunce in this behal ue ten
marks [at '3"" ."d.=6 '3"' . ."d., equal to 100 now), and shall cause the same to be delyuered vnto the said
mainer Potkyn shortely, the which somme I thinke sufficient for my parte, if euery Busshopp within your
said Provynce make like contribution and avauncemente after the rate and substance of their benefices.
Neuer the lesse if your Grace thinke this iOmme of ten marks not sufficient for my parte in this mater, your
fudre pleasure knowen, I shalbe as gladde to conforme my self ther unto in this or any other mater
concernyllge the Churche, as any your subgiet within your Provynce. Ju knowes Almighty God, who
I , Cor. xv. 10.
Tlwsewith thegloses . tk'Dderwithoute
the gloses' would seem to sh )w that Christopher
Endhoven reprinted the Quarto and not the Octavo.
If so, would that aflOuf a presumpt ion that the
Quarto was published before the Octavo'
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
55
longe preserue you to his most pleasure and your herts desire. At Hoxne in Suff. the xiiij. daie of ]uDii
1527. Vor humble obediencier and baidman R. NORWICItN.
I wold be as gladd to wayte vpon your Lordeshipp and do my duelie vnto you as any man lyvinge,
but I thinke I can not so do this somer. I praye God I may have some tyme for to do it.
Sir H. Ellis' Oririna/ lrd Ser. ii. 86-g'l. Ed. 1846. The Original is Cot!. MSS. VUtll. B. .
/,,1. r 17. mr.
With this letter we must conclude our notice of the events of 1527, the
second year of the New Testaments being in this country.
S. It was in 1528 that the persecution first began against the readers of
the New Testament. On the 7th March of that year, Tonstall, Bishop of
London, licensed Sir Thomas More, then Chancellor of the Duchy of Lan-
caster, to have and read Lutheran books, in order that he miglit confute
them; 'For as muche as you, dearly beloued brother, can playe the
Demosthenes, both in this our Englyshe tongue and in the Latin.'1
More immediately set to work and published, before the end of the year,
his Dya/oge j which was the first instalment of a long controversy in the
course of which he successively attacked Tyndale, Barnes, Frith, and Sir
John Some; which controversy lasted up to his imprisonment in 1535, that
ended in his ever to be lamented death.
In More's Dya/oge we get at the way the English Bishops counted up
the three thousand errors in Tyndale's' translation. The book is an
imaginary Dialogue between himself and the confidential messenger of a
friend to whom (cumberously enough) he writes an account of their
conversation, as if the messenger would not have reported it himself. It is
a distortion of the Table Talk which constitutes the framework of Utopia,
just as the whole of More's well meant efforts in the controversy are a dis-
tortTon of the natural bent .of his genius, leading him to a reckless vituper-
ation of his opponents.
now I pray you let me know your mynde concernyng the oornyng of tlle newe test.ament
in englysh whiche Tyndall lately translated/ and (as men say) ryght weill which maketh
men moche meruayll of ye burnyng.
quod I to me gre:tt meruaylll that any ,ood crysten man muying anydropofwyt in his hede/wold
any thyng meruayll or compJayne of the bumynge of that booke yf he knowe the matter. Whych who so.
callyth the newe testament calleth it by:l. wronge namel except they wyll call it Tyndals testament or
Lllthers testament. For so had Tyndall after Luthers counsayle corrupted and chaunged it from the
good and holsom doctryne of Cryste to the deuylysh heresyes of theyr owne that it was d ene a contrary
thyng.
II[ That were meruayle quod your frende that it sholde be so clene contrary. For to some that red it it
semed very Iyke.
II[ It is quod I neuer the lesse contrary/ and yet the more peryJlous. For Iyke as to a trew syluer grate
as false coper grote is neuer the lesse contr:ary thoughe it be quycke syluered ouer/ but so muche the more
r"lse. in howe moche it is counterfet ed the more Iyke to the trout h/ so was the so. moche the
I The Bishop's letteris given by Fox in his A(/u, &(., JJ. Ed. 1563.
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
morc contrary in how moche it was c r a r u ~ l y deuysed Irke/ and 50 moche the more peryijous in howe
moche it was to folke vnlcmyd harde to be dyssemyd.
4I \ Vhy quod your (rendc what fautys were there in it '
(To tell you :111 t hat quod 1/ were in a maner to rtherse you all the hole boke/ wherein there were
founden and noted wronge or (al.sly translated about a thousandc tutys by tale.
4[ I wolde quod he fayne hCtC50mc one.
C[ He that sholde quod I study fOf thatl sholdc study where to (rode water in the see. But I wyll shewe
you for ensamplc two or thre suche as euery one of the thrc is more than thryes thtc in one.
4[That were quod he very straunge exceptc yc: mene more in werght. For one cao be but one in
nomber.
Surety quod I as wtyghly be thcyas any lyghtly can be. But I mene that euery onc of them is morc
than Ihryes thre in nomber.
4I That were quod he some what lyke a rydell.
4IThis rydell quod I wyll sone be red. For :he hath mysse translated three wordes of grete weyght and
euery one or them is:u I suppose more than thryse three tymes repcted and rehereed in the boke.
All. that maye well be quod hel but that was not well done. But I pny you what wordcs be they?
The one is quod I this worde pTCStys. The other thechyrche. The thyrde cbaryte. For prcstyt
where so euer he spcket h of the prestes or Crystes chyrche he neuer calleth them prestcs but alway
senyoursl the chyrche he call eth a,Jway the congregacyonl and cbaryte he ca1leth alway loue. -
Book 111. (. S./()/. 97. EtI. 1530-
More touched the apple of Tyndale's eye in thus charging his translation
with intentional falsification. So the first half of his Allswere is occupied
with giving' a reason of certayne wordes which Master More rebuketh,' as-
What the dUTCh is? Whey he Sed this worde (()I'KT'ga(i()n rather than d , urt},J Why ,Id,r and not
put? 'Vhy lou, rather then (},aryl ,? Why /au()urI and not gracd 'Why Itn(I'Wl,tlg, and not
t;()n/uSJIon/ "'pn/aUNt;, and not ftNtlUnt;,t
TyndaJe herein defended the new ideas which he had associated to the
ol d familiar words.
'When therefore in the second part of his Allswere he comes to the
above passage a11 the reply he vouchsafes to it is this ;-
Vnto church/ presti charite/ grace/ conression and pcnaunce is answered him in the begynnynge of the
hoke. And when he sayth Tyndale w:! confcder:m with Luther that is not trueth. E()/. X(ij.
9. In the months of February to J une, 1528, Bishop Tonstall, assisted by
his Vicar General, Geoffrey 'Wharton, D. D., made inquisition as regards Bible
reading heretics until, as he writes to \Yolsey, on the IS March of that year
respecting a suspected Reader, 'I committed hym to the Flete bycause al
my presons be ful off other persons out off the fordest parte of my Diocese.'
To give an account of all the depositions obtained in this inquisition would
be to write the history of the English Reformation of this and some previous
years. Somewhat we have gathered already in respect to the Distributors,
and our space will only permit us to quote one other account of the early
readers of our now familiar Testaments .
. 10. There is preserved in the first edition of Fox's Ades, &Pc., an intensely
graphic but unfinished memorandum, written from memory in 1562,
expressly for the martyrologist, by Anthony Dalaber, an Oxford scholar.
THE PERSECUTiON iN ENGLAND.
57
t[ C""U7'Hj,'re I"" slorye of T/umra.s Cont, atUI !/til/ps do", in Ox/ortU, ,,)' /us 'btu, ".,pltd ID tiS
bJ' A"tImJl Da/a/Jn-, WM wtU Pnunl at l/usam,.
O
N the yeare of our Lord God a J526.1 or there aboute, maister Ball of Martyn Colledge, and
master Cole of Magdalen Colledge heinge proctoures in the moneth of February,1 (i ,t. 1528}
maister Garett curate of Hooeye lane in London, came vnto Oxforde, and broughte with him
sondrye hokes in Lauen treatinge of the Scripture, with the {yrste part of Vnio dusidetl tium,
and Tmdah (yrste translation of the new Testament in English, the which bookes he solde to di uers
scholer'S in Oxford, whooe naIDes for his accomptable memorye belike, he wrote in a sma11 booke of
accomptes.
Alter he had bene there a while, and had dispatched those hooke!, newes came (rom London that he
was searched (or in all London to be apprehended and taken as an heretike, and to haue bene emprisonned,
for sell inge of those heretical bokes (as they termed them) because they spake agaioste the vsurped
autoritye, and mooste lilthye doctrine , of that very Antichrist the bishoppe of Rome, and his no lesse fylthye
and wicked sinagoge, for it was knoweu voto Cardinali Wolsey, and to the Bishoppe of London, and to
other of that VIlgodly generation, that master Garet had a greate nomber of those hereticall bookes, as
the worlde then counted them, and that he was gone t o Oxforde to make sale of them there to suche as be
knew to be louers of the Gospel!. Wherefore they determined forthwith t o make a preuye search!!: thorowe
all Ox.forde to take and imprison him. if tbey mighte, and to burne al l and euerye bis foresaide bookes and
him. to, if they coulde: so buminge whotte was the chari tye of those mooste holye fathers.
But yet at that time one of the foresaide proctors, master Cole of lotaude1en Colledge, who after was
Crosse bearer VIlto the Archbishop of Yorke, was well acquainted with master Caret, aud therefore he
gaue seacrete warnyuge on the Tuesday before Shrofetuesday [IS Feb.} voto a frende or two of master
Garettes of this preuy search and willed therfore that he shoulde forthwi th as secreatlre as he possyble
coulde, depart oute of Oxforde, for if he were taken in the same search, no remeady but that he should
be forthwith sent vp voto the Cardinal, and so should be committed voto the towre. The Christmas
before that time (i.e. IS27} Antony Dalaber then scholer of Albome Hawl, who hadde hookes of master
Garets, hadde bene iu his country in Dorsette shi re at Stalbridge wher he had a brother person of
that Parish, who was verye desirous to haue a Curate oute of Oxforde, and willed me the said AJltonye
in anye wise to get hym one ther if I could, then this iust occasion offred, it wu - thought e good amonge
t he brethren (for $(I did we not onl y call one an other, but were in dede one to the other) that master
Garret chaunginge his name shoulde be sente fonh wyth my letters into Dorsette shire vnto my brother,
to serue him t here for a time vntill he mighte secreatl y from thence conuaye him self som where ouer
the sea. According here voto I wrote my letters in all hast possible voto my brother, lor maister Caret
to be his curate, but not decIaringe what he was in deede. For my brother was a mayster of Arte and
rancke Papi st, and after was. the most mortall ennemye that euer'I hadde for the Cospelles sake.
So the \Vensdaye io the mominge before shroftide [19 Feb.] master Caret departed out of Oxford
towarde Dorset shire with my letters (or hys new semice, how farte he went, and by what occasion he so
sone returned I know not, but the friday next [21 Feb.] in the nighte time he came aga.i.De voto Radleis
hoU$t where he lay before, and 50 after midnight in the priuy search which was then made for him, he was
apprehended and taken therein his bed by the two proctors, and on the Saterday (n Feb.] in themominge
I This date has unfortunately been a fruitful
source of error to many writers. The year is r52S,
not 1526. TheTestamenlS were hardly arrived in the
country in Feb. 1526: but there had been in the two
following years sufficient time to form the associa
tion, the little flock' of the brethren' at OJiford
referred to in the nanative. Yet is there a certain
truth in the statement, for Ball and Cole were the
U1fWr Proctors ; S. Ball of Merton Col
lege being so elected on II Apr. and so remain'
ing till 1 May .1521. when he was succeeded by A.
Cole of Magdalen College, who held that offi ce until
21 Apr. IS2S : and was therefore the senior Proctor
at the time of Garret's apprehension in Feb. 1528.
(I) J ohn D. D., of Lincoln Coli., became
commissary (= vice-chancellor] by the des.ignment
of the Chancellor Archbp. Warham : and took his
oath on 7 1527. WINHi, FlUfi Oxen. i.76. Ed.
I Srs
(J) In the fi rst letterof the Garnt correspondence
occurs 'Thys monday the vigill olstinct Mathias';
which occurnd in IS2S. Thelear is also rendered
indubitahle by other points 0 internal evidence in
the letters connected with Garret's apprehension, in
the State Paper office.
1517, Tho. Garret or Gerrard, was this year
admitted; but the month or day when. appears not,
because the re,![ister is imperfect, however in the
year following he occurs by tbe title of Batch. of
Arts. Wo(ltl. idem.;. 45.
H
58 THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
deliuered vnto onc D(octorJ Cotissford, master of Lincoln colJedge then beinge commissarye of the vniucr-
sitye. who kepte him as prisoner in his own Chamber. There was great ioye and rcioysinge. among all
the Papistcs for his apprehension aDd especially with D[octor]. LondoD Warden of the New colledge, and
D{octor). Higdon deane of Fridesw"idcs
1
two Archpapistcs. Who immediatly sent their lehers if!. post hast
vnto the Lord Cardinal to tn(orme him. of the apprehension or this notable heretike: for the whiche their
doiDge, they wert well assured to haue great t hankes.
But of all this wdaine hurly burly, was I vttcrly ignorauot, so that I knew, neither of mastcr Garets $0
sodainc retoume, ncyther that he was SO taken. For after I had sent him oute of Oxford with my letters,
as before is sayde, the same weke, having taken a chamber in Glocester Colledge,S for that purpose to
studye the ciuillaw, because tbe scholers in Albome HallS were all arceturs; 4 I remoued all suche poore
stulfe as I had from thence vnto Glocester colledge, and there was I much busied in 5Cuing vp in order of
my bed, of my hokes, and of sucb thinges as I els had, so that I had no leiser to go forthe any where
those two d.aies, Fridayeand Saterday, And hauing set vp all my thiDges handsomely in order the same
daye [Sat. 22 Feb. ] before none, I determined to spende that whole after pone, vntii Euensonge time at
Frisewide coUedge,1 at my hoke in owne so shutte my chamber doore vnto me, and my
study dore also, and toke in lI).y hand to read Frances Lambert vpon the ,ospel of Saint Luke, which
booke only I had then within there, all my other bookes wryuen on the scripture, of whi ch I had a great
nomber, U of F;nsmus, of Luther, Oecoiampadius etc. I had yet lefte in my chamber at Alborne HaJl,
where I had made a very seereat place to keep them safe in, because it was so dan,erous to haue any
such hokes.
And 50 as I was diligently readinge in the said hoke of Lambert vpon Luke, sodenly one knocked at my
chamber dore verye hard, which made me astonied, but yet I sate stit and would not speak, then he
knocked again more harder, and yet I held my peace, and straighte way he knocked yet againe more
fierslye, and then I thought this, peraduenture it is some body that hath nede of me, and thedore I
thought me hound to doo, as I would be done voto and so laying my hoke a side, I came to ye dore and
opened it. And there was maister Garret as a mued manne, whome I thoughte then to haue bene with my
brother, and one with him, assoDe U I saw him, he saide he was vndone, for he was taken not remembring
that he spake this before the yonge manne. Then 1 asked him what that yonge man was, he aunswered
tbat it was one, who Inoughte him vntO my chamber, tben I thanked the younge man, and bad
him farewell, and asked mayster GalTet whether the yonge man was his frend or no f and what
acquaintaunce he had with him! He said he knew him not, but he had bene to seke a monke of
his acquaintaunce in that colledge who was not within his chamber, then he besought this his seruaunt to
bring him vnto my chamber, and so fottbe howe he was returned and taken that nighte
in the preuye searche as ye haue harde, and that now at Euensonge time the Commissary and al his
companye went to Euensonge. and locked hym alone in his chamber, when all were gone, and he hard no
bodye stirrina:e in the Colledge, he put backe the balTe of the locke with hys fyn&:er, and so came straight
vnto Glocester Colledge to that monke, if he hadde bene wythin, who had als.o bought bokes of him.
Then said I voto him. Alas mayster Garet by this your vncircumspecte comminge vnto me, and
speaking so before this yonge maIl, ye haue disd osed your selfe and vtterlye vndone me, I asked him whye he
went not VDtO my brother 1f}'th my letters accordinglye , he saide after he was gone a daies iourney and a
halCe, he was so fearefull that his heart would DO other but that he muSle nudes retourne againe vnto
Oxforde, and $0 came againe on Fridaye at nighte, and then was taken as ye hard before. Butnowe with
deepe s.ighes and plentye of teares he prayed me to healpe to conuaye hym away, and so he c;ast of his
hode and his gown, where/I) he yoto me, and desired me to geue him a coate wyth slelles if I hadde
anye,and tolde me that he woulde goo into Wales, and thence conuey rumsel(e intoG.rmanye if he mighte,
and then I put on him a sleued cote of mine of fine cloth in graine, which my mother hadde geuen me, he
woulde baue an other manner of cappc of me, ,but 1 hadde none but priest like. such as his owne was. Then
knealed we bothe downe together on oure knees, liCtinge vpoure heartes and handes to GOD our heaueolye
father, desirin, him with plentye of teares, so to conducte and prosper hym in his iourney, that he mighte
well escape the daunger of all his ennemies, to the glorye of his holye name, if his good pleasure and will
) Now Christ Church College.
Previously called St. John Baptist's Hall. after-
wards GlouCCiter Colle&e; then Gloucester Hall,
and now Worcester College-
, i. e. St . Alban's Hall.
4 Arutyr, a learner or teacher of art.
THE PERSECUTION I N ENGLAND.
59
so were, and then we embraced and kissed the one t he other, the leares so aboundauntly flowinge oute from
bothe our eyes, thaI we all bewette both Dure (aces, and (or sorrowe coulde we speake one t o
the other. and so he depan ed (rom me, apparelled in my cote, beingc committed vnto the tuition of oure
almightyc and all merci ful! (alher.
When bee was gone downe the staires from my Chamber, I straight .waits did shut my chamber dore, and
went into my 'tudye shuttir,ge the doore VOiD me, and tooke the newe Testament e of Erasmus translation
in my handes, kneled downe O'n my knees, and with manye a depe sigh and salt tere, I did, with much
deliberation read ouer the x. chapter of s. Matt hew hi s Gospel!, and when I had so doone, with (cruwI
prayer I did commit VOID God, t hat our dearlyc beloued brother Gart!, earnestl ye bckching him, in and
for Jesus Christes sake, his only begotten 50nne our Lord, yat he would vouchsafe, not only safely t o con-
duct and kepe our saide deare brother from the handes of all his ennemies, but also that he woulde
vouchendew his tender and lately borne title flocke in Oxford, with heauenlye strength by his holy spirite
that they might be well able thereby valeauntly to withslande to his glory a1l thei r fiene enemies, and
also might qui etly to theyr owne saluation with all godlye pat ience, heare Christes heauy crosse: which
I now sawe was presently to be laide on their yang and wene backes, vnahle 10 heare so huge a one,
without the great healpe of his holy spirite.
T his doon [ bid a side my bokes safe, folded vp mai sler Garrets gowne and hoode, and laid them into
my pressc among mine apparel, and 50 hauing put on my short gowne shut vp my study and chamber
dores, and went towardes Friswides to speake with that worthy martir of God one master ('1arke, aDd
othen, and to declare vnto them what had happened that after noone.
But of purpose I went by S. Mary church to go first vnto Corpus Christi colledge to spe:ke with Dietand
Vdall
l
my faithful brethren and fdowes in the Lorde there, but by chaunce I met by the waye with a brother
of oures, one Master Edon fellowe of Magdalen Colledge , who, assone as he saw me, came with a pityfull
countenaunce vnto me, sayinge that we were all vndone for maister Garet was returned again to OJtford,
taken t he last night in the priuy search, and was in prison with the commissary. 1 saide it was not 50, he saide
it was so, J said Day, and he said ye. I told him it could not be so, for I was sure he was gone, he an-
sweared me and saide, I knowe he was gone with your letters, but he came againe yester euen and was
taken in his bed at Radleis this night in the pnuy searche, for quod he, 1 hard Our proctor master Cole say
and declare the same this day in oure Colledge to diuen of the house. But I told hi m again that I was
wei assured he was DOW gooe, for I spake with him later then eit her the proctor or commissary did, and
t hen I declared the whole matter vnto hym, how and when he came vnto me, and howe be went his way.
willing him t o declare the u.me vnlO other our brethren whom he should mete withall, and to geue God
harty thanckes for this his wonderful deliueraunce, and to praye him also that he would graunt him safel)' e
t o awaye from all his ennemics. And tolde him that I was goinge vnto master Clarke of Friswides, to
declare voto him this matter, for I knew and thought verely that he and diuen othen there weT then in
II,:reat sorow for this matter, and prayed maister Edon t hat he would home by Alborne Hal to desire
my bedfelow sir Fiuiames' (for I lay wit h him in Albome hall) to mete me at sir Dieu chamber in Corpus
Chri sti Colledge about v. of the c10cke after E uensong, and then I went straight to lo' nswides.
And Euensong was began, and the Deane, and the other canons were there in their Gray Amices,
t hey were almost at Magnificat before 1 came thether. I stnde at the quier dore and hard master
Tauemer pl ay and others of the chappel there sing, with and among whome I my selfe was wont to
singe also, but now my singing and musicke was turned into sighing and musing. As 1 thus and ther stode,
in commeth Doctor Cotisford the commissary, as fast as euer he could go lnre headed, as pale as ashcs,
1 knew his grefe wei inough, and to the Deane he goeth into the Quier, where he was sitting in his stalle,
and talked with him very sorowfully, what I know not, but whero! I might and did wei aDd truely
gesse, I went aside from the quier dare, t o se and heare more , the Commissarye and Deane came oute
of the Quire, wonderfullye troubled as it semed, about the middle of the church, met them D[octor].
London, puffing, blu5teringe, and blowinge Iyke a hungry and greJy Lion seking his pray. They talked
t ogether a while , but the commissarye wa' much blamed of them for kepinge of hys pn sonerso negligently.
in so much yat he wepte for sorowe. And it was knowen abrade , that mailer Garret had eskaped awaye
1 N. Udall afterwards the author of Roister
Douhrtook his B.A. on JO May 1524.
J J ohn Fiujames of College,
of St. Alban's Hall , took his B.A. lIO J une 1524.
He became (Roman Catholic) Archdeacon of
Taunton and Prebend of Wells on Itil May .554
H 2
60 THE PERSECUTION I N ENGLAND.
and gone Ollt or lhe Commissaries chamber at Euensong time, whether no man could tel. These Doctors
departed and sent abrode their seruamlt5 and spies euery where.
hlayst er Clarke about the middle of Complin I came forth or the quire, I followed him to his chamber,
3nd when he was put of his Graye Amis and surples, he asked me how I did, and what newes, I answeared
him not so wei as I would, because the newes were not good, but ver ye doubtfull and perilous, and so
declared what was happned that after nonc. or maisler Garrets eskape he was glad. for he knew of his fore-
taking, then he scnt (or onc master Sumner, and master Bets, fellowcs and canons there, in the meane whyte
he gaue me a very godly u hortation, praying God to gcue me, and all the reute of cure brethren, Int.-
dentiD.m strje"li_m, t llbttp/uilalt m ctl/ltm/Jinam, Cor we shoulde haue sbortlye muc:he neade there of,
as he verelye thoughte. ' Vhen master Sumner and master Bets were come vnto him, he caused me to
declare againe the whole matter vnto them two wherof they were very gladde, that maister Garret w;u;
so deliuered trusting that.he shuld escape all his enemi es. They wuld haue had me to tary and haue
supped ther with them ; but I would not ta.ry, for I sayd I had promised to go vnto Corpus Christi college
to comfort our ot.her bretherne their, who were no lesse sorowfull then they, and praied them to tel vnto
our other bretherne there what was happened: for there wer diuers el sse in that colledge.
When I eame to Corpus Christ i colledge I founde to gether in Si r Diets ehamber, ta.rienge and lokinge
Cor me Fitl-iames, Diet, and Vdall, they knew al t he matter before by rnaister Edon, whome I had sent
vnlO Fitziames, but yet J declared the .. atter vnto them againe and so I taried ther and supped with them
in that ehamher where they had prouided meat and drinke for vs before my com minge, at whiche supper we
wer not very mery, considf!ringe our state and peril at hand. 'Vhen we had end our supper and com
mitted OUt whole cause with Ceruent sighs and harty prayers vnto God our heuenly father, Fitziames
woula nedes haue me to lye that night with him in myoid lodginge at Alborne Hall, and so did I : But
small reste and litle slepe toke we both their that night .
I n the sunday (23 Feb.] in the mominge I was vpand readye by fiueofthe docke, and as sone as I could
get out at Al bome Haull dore, I went straight towardes Glocester colledge to my chamber, It hadd reyned
t hat morny[n]ge, a good shuere and with mi goinge 1 had aU to be spri nkeled my hose and my shoes wi th
the reiny mi re. And when I was comein vnto Glocester coledge, which was about vi. of the clocke, I found
the gats fast shut , wherat I did much merueil, for they were wont to be opened daily, long belor that ti me,
then did I walk vp and down by the wall ther, a whole howre beCore the ptes were opened. I n the
meane whil e my musinge hed heinge full of forecasti nge cares, and my sorowfull hart fIowinge with
dollefull sighes , I fully determi ned in my conscience before god, yat, if I shuld chaunce to be taken and
beexamined I would accuse no man, nor declare any thing further than 1 did already perceiuc-was mani
fest ly knowen before .
And so when the gate was opened, thinking to shift my sel fe and to put on a longer goune, I wente in
towardes my chamber, and ascendinge vp the steyers, would haue opened my dore, but I could not ina
Jonge season do iI, ",herby I perceyued yat my lock had bin medled with all and therwith was somewhat
altered. Yet at last with much a do 1 opened the locke and went in, when I came in, I did see my
bedde al to tosied and tumbled, my clothes in my presse throwen dowen and my study dore open
wherof I was much amased and thought verely theire was made their some serch that nit:: ht for maister
Garet, and that it was knowen of hys heinge wythe me, by the monkes man that brought him to my
chamber.
Now<; was ther lieng in the next chamber VIlIO me, a yonge priest monk or shirbome abbey in the
county of Dorset come thether to be student, where I was brought vppe from my childhode: for whose
5ake partly I came in. dede vnto that Colledge, to enstructe him in the Laten tongue, and in other thinges
wheri n I had better knowledge then he. Thys monke assone as he harde me in the chamber, called vnla
me, and asked me where I lay that night. I told him that J lay with my olde bed fellow Fitz
iames at Alhom hall, he came to me straight way, and lold how OUf master Garet was sought in my
chamber, and asked me whether he was with me yesterday at aft er noone or no, and I told him yea. And
finally he tolde me that he was commaunded to bring me assone as I came in vnto the prior of studentu
named Ant ony Dunston a monke of Westminster, who nowe is bishop of Landafe. And so while he
. made him ready by me, he tolde me what a doo. there was made by the commissarie and the two proctors
in my chamber that night, with bill es and swords thmsted thorow my bedstraw, and how euery comer of
I;. t. the last or evening prayer.
THE PERSECUTION I N ENGLAND. 61
my ch:l.mber was searched (or master Garret, and al beit his gown and hOodc lying in my prcssc was by
therm all to tossed and tam bled wyth my clothes, yet did they Dot percciue them there, for by like they
toke it to haue bene mine own clothes.
This so troubled me that I forgot to make d eane my hose and shoes, and to shyfte me Dto an other
gownt: And therefore assone as he was readyc, so all to be di rled as I was wilh the rainy weather, and in
my short gown, I went with him to the saide PriOI'$ chamber, where I (ounde the said prior standing and
lokinge formycomminge. He asked me where I had bene that nighle, t tolde him I layeat Albom hal with
myoid bedfellow Fitziames, but he would not Leleuc me, he asked me if master Garet were with me yester -
daye? I talae hym yea: then he would knowe where he was, and wherfore he c;ame vnto me. I told
him I knew not where he was excepte he were at Woodstocke. For so (said J) he had shewed me that he
woulde goo thether, because one of the kepers there his frend , hadde promised him a piece of venison to
make mearye wyth all that Shrofe tide, and that he woulde haue borowed a hatte and a paire of high shoes
of me, but I had none in dede to lend him. This tale I thought met est though it were nothing so. Then
hadde he spyed on my fore finger a bigge ri nge of uluer verye well double gilted with two letters A. D.
ingraued in it for my name, I supose he thought it to be gold, he required to see it, I toke it vnto him,
when be h:ad it in bis hand, be sayde it was his ring, for therin was his name, an A. (or Antonye, and a D.
flIr Dunston. When I harde hi m so say, I wished in my hart to be as well deliuered (rom and out of bis
comp:my. as r was assured to be deliuered from my ri ng for euer.) Then he called (or pen, and
paper and comma\mded me t o write when and how Garet cam vnto me, and wbere he was become.
I had not written scarsly three wl)rdes, but the chide bedell with two or threeofthe commissaries men, were
come vnto master prior, requiringe him straightwaies to bringe vs awaye vntoJ.incolne coledge to the com-
missary and to D(octorl. London. Whether when I was hrought in to the chapel: there. I (ounde maiSler
D(octor). Cottisforde commi ssary, maister D[octor). Higdon then Deane o( the Cardenalls coll edge, and
D(octor). London Warden of ye newe Coll edge standinge together at the alw in the chappell, when they
sawe me brought vnto them, after salutations geuen and taken betwen them, they called (or chaires and.
satte downe and called for me to come to them, and first they asked what my name was, I t olde them that
my name was Anthonye Dalaber, then they also me how [onge I had ben student in the vniuersity,
and I told them almoste three yeares, and they asked me what I studied. I told them that I had red
sophestry and logike in Albome Hal and now was remoued vnto Glocester cotedg to study the ciuil lawe,
the whiche, the (orsaide prior o( studentes affirmed to be true. Then they asked me whether I knew
master Garret and bow longe I had knowen him I told them I knew. him well, and had knowen him
monethes, they asked me when he was with me I tolde them yester day at after none. aod
now by thl$ time whiles they hadde me in this talke, one came in vnlO them which was sent (or, with pen,
inke, and paper, I trowe it wa, the clarke of the vniuersity. As sone as he was come. there was a bourd
and trestelles with a (orme (or him to si t on, set betwene the doctores and me, and a gn:ate masse book
laid before me and I was commaunded to lay my right hand on it ani;! to swere that I shoulde trol y aunswer
vnto such articles and interrogatories as I should be by them examined vpon. I made daunger o( it a
while at the first, but a{terwarde being perswaded by them partly by (ayre words and partly by great
t hreats, I promised 10 do as they wulde haue me, t ut in my hart nothynge so ment to do. So I laide my
hand on the hooke,and one o( them gaue me my oth, and that donne commaunded me to kis the hooke.
Then made they great eurtesye betwene them who should examine, and minister interrogatories vnto me,
at the last the rankest papisticall pharesy o( them al D[octor). London' toke vpon rum to do it.
Then he asked me agayne, by my oth where Maister Garrett was and whether I had conueihed him, I
tolde hym I hadde not conueyed hym, nor yet wiste not where hee was, nor whether he was gon, except
he were gonne to woodstocke, as I had before saide, yat he shewed me he would.
Then he asked me again when he came to me, and howe he came to me and what and howe longe he
talked with me, I tolde him he came to me aroute euensong time and that one brought him vnto my
chamber dare, whom I know not and that he tolde me he wj)ulde go to wodstocke (or some veneson to
make mery wit'h all this shrortide, and that he walde haue borowed a hat, and a paire o( high. o(me
but I had none such to lend him, and then he straight went way from me but whether I know nat.
1 It must have been pleasant to Anthony Ki tchin
or Dunston, who became Dp. o( Llandatr on 26
Ma r. 1545 (d. )1 Oct. 1565110 have thus r ead him-
sel( in Fox's book, a thief o( old
Dr. London d. 1543 in the Fleet; having been
committed to that place for perj ury.
62 THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
All these my sayenges the scribe wrote in a paper hoke. Then theyernestly required me to tell them
whether I had conueycd him, (or surely they saied I brought him going some whether this momynge, (or
that they might well perceaiue by my foule sh(le!; and dirty bosen that I had trauaild with him the most part
ofthis night, I aunswered plai nely that I laye at Albome Haul with sir Fitziames, and that I had good
whnes theror there. They asked me where I was at euensonge I told them at Friswides, and that I saw
first m.alster commiMary, and then maister D[octor]. London come thether at that time vnl O maister
Deane of Frisewides and that I saw them talking to gether in the church. There D(octor]. London and
the deane threlned me that if I would not tell the truth where I had don him, or whether he was goooe, I
should surely be sente vnlothe tower of London and there be racked, and put into Iitle ease.
l
But maisler
commissary prayd me wit h gentle words 10 tell him where he was that he might haue him
againe and he woulde be my very greate frend and deliuer me out of trouble straighte waye,
I tolde him I coulde not ten where hee was nor whether he was be come. Thus did they
occupy and tosse me almost two hour.; in the chappell sometimes wi th thretninges and foulewordes
and then with faire wordes and faire promises flat teringe me. Then was hee that brought maister
Garet vtlto my chamber brought before me and caused to decJar what maister Garet saide voto
me at his comminge to my chamber but I saide plainely I harde him say no such thinge for I thought
my naye to be as good as his yea, seing it was to ridd and deliuer my godly brother out of trouble and
pearill of his life. At the lute when they could get nothing of me wherby to hurt or accuse anye
man or to know any thinge of that which they sought they al 3. together brought me vp a longe staires into
a great chamber ouer M{uter]. Commissarys D(octor). Cot[tiss)ford's chamber wherin stood and were a
greate payer of very highe stockes, then Maistet commissary asked me for my purse and girdel toke
away my mony and my knife, and then they put both my legges into them and so locked me fast in those
stockes, io which I satle my feete beinge almost as high. u my hed, and so departed they: locking fast the
chamber dore I thinke vnto their abominable mas, leuing me alone.
When al they were gone theo cam voto my good remembrance the worthye sore warning and godly
declaration of that moste constant martir of god, Maisler l ohn clarke, my father in Christ , who wei nie
two yeres before yat, when I did ernestly desire him to graunt me to be IUs scaler, and that I might goo
with hym continually when and where sneuer hee should teach or preach (the which he did daily) who (I
say) said vnto me much after this sort . Dal aber ye desire ye WOI not what, and that ye are I feare me,
vnable to take vpon you, for though nowe my preachinge be swete and pleasante mto you. because: there
is yet 00 per.;etution layed on you for it, but the time will come, and that peraduenture shortly, if yecon-
tinew to liue godly therin that god williaye on you the crosse of persecution to try you with all whether
you canne as pure and puryfied gold abide the fire, or as stobie and drone be consumed therwith. For the
holy ghost plainly affirmeth by sainte paule, 9uod OllilUl 911; volu"t ill. Chri#o lUll,
Yea ye shOll be called and iudged an heretike, ye shal be abhorred of the world,
your owne fnendes and kinnesfolke will foresake you and als.o hate you, and sh:dbe cast into prison and
no man shall dare to hc:lpe or co;nfort you, ye shalbe :u;:eused and brought before the bishoppes to your
reproche and shame, t o the greate sorow of all your (aithfull frendes and kinsfolke. Then will ye wishe
ye hadde neuer knowen this doctrine. Then wil ye C\Lr.;e Clark and wish that ye hadd neuer knowen him,
bycause he hath brought you to al these troubles Tho:refore rather then ye shoulde do this, leue of from
medlinge of this doctrine, and desire IIQt to bee and conlinewe in my company. At which wordes I was
so greued that I fell downe on my knees at his feete, and with of tcares and sigbes euen from the
bottome of my harte, I emeslly besought him, that , for the tender mercy of god shewed vnto V$ in our
Lord Iesu Christ, he would not refuse me, but receiue me into his company as I had desired, saieng that
I trusted verely, that he which had begonne this in me would Dot forsake me but giue me grace to COD-
ti new therein vnto the end. When he harde me say so, he came to me and toke me vp in his arms, kissed
me, the teres tricklinge downe from his cies and sayde vnto me : The Lorde almighty graunt you SO doo.
and from hensforthe (or euer take me for your father, and I will take you for my son in Christ .
Now wer there at that time in oxford diuerse graduates and scholer.; sundry Colledges and haules,
whom god had called to the knowledge of his holy word, whi ch all resorted vnto maister Cia rices dispu-
tat ionsand lectures in diuinity, at all times as they mought: And when they mighte not come conuenientiy,
I was by maister clark apointed to resorte vnto euery of them wekely, and to know what doubts they had
I A torture den in the Tower.
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
in anyplace of the scriptures, that by me (rom him they mightc haut the true of ye same
which exercise did me most good and profit to the vndcrstanding of the holy scriptures which I most
desired.
This forsaide forewarning and godly declar:atioo (I say) of this most godly martir of god maister
clark, coming then to my remembrance caused me with deepe sighe! to crye,vnto god from my hart to
a;sist me with his holy spirite that I mought be able paciently and quietly to bere and sulfer whatsoeuer
it shoulde please him of his fatherly laue to Iaye on me to his glory and the comforte of my dearly
beloued brothem, whom I thought DOW to be in great fear and anguish, least I would be an accuser of
them all. For Vn!O me they all were well knowen, and all there doinges in that matter. But god be
blessed I was full bent neuer to accuse any of them, whal soeuer shoulde happen of me.
Before dinner maister Cotislorde came vp to me and requested me eamestlye 10 lell him where rnail;ter
Garet was, and if I woulde!>O do he promised me st raighlewayes to deliuer me out ofpri!>On. But I tolde
him I could not tel where he W3.$ nor more in dede I could not. Then heedeparted to dinner askinge me
if I woulde eate any rneate, and I told him yea right gladly. he saide he would send me !>Orne. When
he was gone his seruauntes asked me diuene questions which I doo not now remember, and some of
them spake me faire and !>Orne thretned me calling me heretik and so departed lockinge the dore fast
vpoD me.
Fox T HHN ADDS : far Antony Dalacn- kath prosuutt a tkil Hury , WM kfort tltt fillil!tillgt
dtjHrrltd tkil 'ytn All"". 1562. iff. tlu di:t l e/ Salsbury tltt rtsidut t Atrof as 'WI could ratktr it of
IIlUullt and endihk pn-SOIU, .to Aaw WI! a.dt:kd Atrt 'lIlItO tAt samt.
Alter this, Canet beinge apprehended or taken, by mayster Cole ye proctor or hu men. goinl( west-
warde at a place called Hink.sey a !ide beyonde Oxforde, l and!>O being broughte backe againe. was com:
mitted to warde. thaI done, he wasconuented before the commissary, Doctor London and Doctor higdon deane
of Friswides (now caUed Christs colledge) into S. Maries church where they siuing in iudgement, con
uicted him accordinge to their law as an heretike (as they said) and afterward compelled him to cary a
faggot in open proceuion from Sainte Maries churche to Friswides, and Dalaber likewise with him.
Garret hauinge his redde hode on his !;hulden like a maislet of art, after that, they were seDt to Osney,
ther to be kept in prison till farther order was taken.
Ther were suspected beside, a great nomber to be infected with heresy as they called it, for hauinge
such bookes ofGodes truth as garret sold vnlO them. As Clarke which died in his chamber and
could not be suffered 10 receiue the Communion, beinge in pry!>Onne and saienge these word!;: Crtdt tt
1ftdndUCMti. Maister Sommer, Maister Bettes, Tauerner, Radley, with other of Friswides colledge, of
Corpus Christi colledge and Vdal and Dier with other of Ma'udlen coll edge, one Eden [ Tk 1570 tditi(l1l
cf Fex trW Master Stm"ur. Maister Btttts. Tauerller the Musicion, Rcdk),. with other of Friswidts
colledge, oC CorplU CIlTisti Collt;;dge. as VdJJl and Dut with other, of flfagdakff. Colledge one Eedtll,
p. 1)69] wyth other of Glocester colledge, and two blacke monkes onc of S. Austines of Canterbury
named Langporte, ye other of Saint Edmondsbury monk, now yet Iiuing and dean oC Norwich named
I ohn Salesbury, two whit[el monks of Barnard colledge, two chanons of Maries coUeadge, one of
them named Robert Femu afterwarde Bishop of Saint dauies (David'!;) and burned in Quene Maries
timc. These ii. cannones because they had no place in the vnyuenitye with the other; they went on the
contrarye side of the procession bare headed and a bedell before them to be knowen from the other.
Diuers other there were whose name!; I cannot remember which were forced and constrained to forsake
their colleges and !>Ought theire frcndes. Apinst the procession time ther was a greate fier made vpon the
toppc of Carfaxe where into all such as were in the saide proce!;sion eyther conuict or !;uspected of
heresye were commaunded in token of repentance and renunciation oC thelte elTOres, euery man to cast
a hoke into the fier as they passed by. pp.
1 This is quite incorrect . Garret goot far as
Bqlminster, a mile beyond Bristol. where he was
atTeSted on 29 Feb. t528. The p;!.pcn relative to
him, including his recantation, now in the State
Paper Office, are printed in Townsend's Edition of
Fox's Aclts. Vol. V. App. Ed. 1846. Thomas
Garret. with Doctor Robert Barnes and wtll iam
Hierome the Vicar oC Stepney, were together
martyred by fire at Smithfield 00 30 July,
1540.
THE PERSECUTION IN ENGLAND.
The unexpected length to which this Preface has already extended forbids
a further pursuit of this part of the subject. The Advent of the first printed
Testaments in England constitutes an important chapter in the Story of
our Reformation, and one that has hardly as yet received adequate atten-
tion. The fashioning anew of a people, as it is a universal and a gigantic,
so must it be a gradual Change, prepared and brought about by many
causes and instrumentalities. Of these none has been so-powerful for good
as an unfettered appeal to Scripture j and it was a most merciful. arrange-
ment of Divine Providence that when there was a people ready to receive
i ~ Tyndale was -raised up to supply the printed Word. In so doing, he
sought, to transfer the ultimate standard of appeal in faith and morals
from the vacillation and contradictions of human belief and opinion known
as 'The Church I to the Revelation of the Mind and Will of the Trinity, so
far as that could be ascertained by means of manuscripts written by in-
spired men of old, and transmitted from age to age down to his own
time. Until the peasant could possess and understand; until he could
confidently appeal to an authority in faith and morals which the greatest
scholar could not disavow, he was liable to be beguiled by self in-
terested jugglery and sophistry of those who pretended 'to keep the lips
of knowledge.' Nothing is more painful, nothing so unlike God who said
, Let there be light,' than the combination of the priestly learning of that
time to keep the people in gross ignorance, merely for the sake of plunder
they obtained through them, and the power that through that ignorance they
were enabled to exercise over them. \Vhat a Struggle for Light it was, we
have already seen: and in that fight, many in the front rank on each side
suffered most unjust death for their opinion and belief j so it was left to
the few Protestant sUrvivors and to the second race of Reformers to carry.
on and complete the work. .
In such troublous times as these, with the magnificent self devotion that
we have .seen, despite every obstacle, and through constant peril, was the
modem English Testament translated, first printed, and circulated. Now
whoso will, may study it without any let or hindrance. Mayall who scan
this Fragment have the same absorbing interest and delight in oui modem
version as Tyndale had, when, exiled in a foreign city, under a sense of
the most weighty responsibility both to God and man, h. secretly corrected
the pages of which we now present the Sun-Portraits.
' TYPOGRAPHICAL AND LITERARY EVIDENCE. 65
VII. Typographical and Literary Evidence.
The foregoing Story is quite irrespective of the claims of the Text here
photo-lithographed to be a part of the Quarto. Before considering this,
we may give the account of its late discovery, in 1836. .
Mr. Thomas Rood, of Great Newport Street, a respectable bookseller in Lo"ndon, having exchanged with
fricnd, who did not recol lect how he came by it, a quarto tract by CEcolampadius, without any covering,
was attached to it by binding a ponioD in the English language, black letter; and though it was
evidently the gospel or Matthew, with tlu pr%rre of fourteen pages preceding, neither Mr. Rodd nor his
friend UDdcrstood, at the time, what it actually was. By degrees, however, this was at last fully ascertained.
The 'accidental discovery,' says Mr. R., of the remarkable initial Y, wi th which the fi rst page oflhe pro-
logue is decorated, in another book, printed at in 1534,l first led me to search other books printed
at the same pl;\cc, and I succeeded in finding every cut and !eUer, with the exception of one, in other
books from the famt printing office, that of Peter Quente!. Again:' I have found the type in which
t1m portion is printed. and the cuts with which it is decorated, used in other bo.>ks printed at CoIOlDe from
the year IS21 to IS40.' L....C. ANDERSON: 'Annah of IAt Encbsn BilJk,' i.. 6:a-J: Ed. ,8,45,
The Typographical proof may be conveniently expressed in three pro-
positions. .
1. This Fragment, whatever it may be, was printed by Peter Quente1 at
Cologne before 1526.
This is demonstrated by
1. THE W OODCUT at;. 16 of the present lithographed text.
I. This is the work of ANTON VON WORMS (Anthon y of Worms), an engraver 'in wood, who
came to Cologne in or befon:: I S2S, (as appears by the date of one of his woodcuts printed there, being
inscii.bed with thnt year,) and who appears to have lived in that ci ty until his death, about ISJ8. Some of
his works are re,uiar engravings (in particular a large view of the city of Cologne); others are title pages,
and others woodcuts. Of these Adam Bartsch in Lt PtiHtrt Gravtur, v ii'. 488, Ed. Vienne, 1808,
quotes II; but J ohn Jacob Merlo, ift KUn$J und KiJnstltr iH K.rbl, quotes 6 .. ; of which 40 of the best
are enumerated in G. K. Nagler's KiJ.nfttr-Ltxicon, xxii. 91-96, Ed. Munich, ,8S2.
The woodcut is one of four representing the four evan,elists, (three of them with their apocalyptic
figures, viI.: Mark with a lion, Luke with a bull, J oh'n with an eagle,) sittill't: and writing, which four occur
ill two large works which Peter Quentel was finishing about the same time, viz.:
(a) A German Testament (Emser's revision of Luther's version, with a commentary), which is
dated 2J August IS29.
(b) A Latin Bible, Biolia iHttgm, tic. Ed. by Peter Ube!ius,dated September IS29.
They are also sai d to occur in an earlier edition or Ubclius' Latin Bible, printed by Quen.tel in. IS27;
but I have been unable to meet with a copy of thi s impression.
2. Anterior to these three editions, the woodcut of Matthew alone appears on the title page, and also 2tfD/.
of Rupertus' I,. "fatl/flzflm, ttc. , printed by Quentel in IS'26, already rererred to atp. 22. On accoUllt
of its immense importance in establishing the date the printer or this Fragment, we ha\'e added on the
blamk page at the end of this edition a facsimile of the lower part, including the woodcut, of this title page
of tbe Commentaries of Rupertus I,. "fattlraulH, tic. , and De GlorificqtwlU ttc, ; wIDCIl. as
Cochbeus tells us, was printed by Quentel for Byrckman.
Therefore the woodcut belonged to and was used in IS26 by Quentel.
3- Of the next point we are able to supply ocular demonstration. The woodcut a5 phot?"lithographedoD
I See next page .
It is to be that Mr. Andel$On did not
obtain from. Mr. Rodd aU his references.
1
66 TYPOGRAPHICAL AND LITERARY EVIDENCE.
the last page of this volume, used by Quentel in Rupertus' III MallM1l1lt, lie., is cut down on the outtr side
and at the bottom; SO that at the side the pillar and a part of the angel's wings arc cut off; and at the bottom
the feet of the two pillars and a part of the foreground arc cut away. Compare it with the previous one.
Therefore the woodcut at;. 16 is Ollttrior to t hat at the end of the book. Therefore the Fragment was
printed before the title page of I,. lirat/Mum, dc-., i .t. before 1526. .
4. The motive (or cutti ng down the woodcut appean to have beeo to allow a sufficient amount of type
between it and the inner maztin or /0/. II of IN MattMII"', de" where the cut is used a!'II an
initial letter. Whether this be so or not, it is clear that woodcuts of the other three cvangc!ists had not yet
(i.t. earlier than 1526) been dwgned. For they are the same width across as the ' Willlid cut of Matthew;
and have the apocalyptic ligures, which Matthew h.a.!i not. It seeJJl$ therefore highly probable that Anthon
von Wonns a'esll'n.e,{this woodcut expressly for Tyndale's Testament; and that that work being suddenly
stopped, Quentd made the best u.seof the block he could, reducing its size as conveni ent : and that after a
time having occasion for them in other W01'ks he got Anthon to complete the series of four to the .size thus
reduced.
a THE INITIAL atp. t.
t . There were printed by various printers at Cologne, between 1534-40, and under the editorship of
Ie Loer, twenty folio volumes, mostly \lnconnected, of what was int ended as a collected editi on of the Works
of the Carthusian Dionysius de Leuwe de Ryckd known as the' Ecstatic Doctor.' One of these volumes
containing Commentari es on All llu Ctlm,,,.ica/ Epj$J/u. llu aNi 1M A,.6aiypSI (British Museum
Pressmark 1008 e. 8) was printed by Quentd. and is dated September 153).
On the reverse of /0/. 72, at the beginning of the Second Epistle of J ohn, is found the initial letter
which appears on p. I of this Fngment. That initial therefore belonged to and was used by Quentel.
3. H ere, for want of time, I must refer t o Mr. Rood' s statement as regards the other initials, observing
that I have met with the two-Wason p. 190 etc., and A as on p. )2 of the Text, etc.-in Emser's German
Testament . above referred to. A further search would no doubt identify them all.
4. A similarity in the style of setting up the type has al ready been noticed at p. 22.
Indubitably therefore Quentel printed this Fragment before 1526;
and from its contents, we !mow that he must have printed it for Tyndale.
2. Though-judging from what we here possess, viz. sigs. A to H-the
portion A to K printed by Quentel at Cologne would hardly have finished
the Gospel of Matthew: yet this fragment is NOT a portion of the Gospel
of Matthew printed somewhere abroad for Tyndale in 1524 or 1525.
I. The first words of Till I",,/Qal contradict such an assumption. I HAUB HaRB translated
the newe Testamente.'
Agai n on; . 2. After hit had pJeasyd God to put in my mynde I and also to geue me gnce to translate
this forehearced newe testament intO our englysshe tonge I howesoever we have done it: From thi s it is
clear that the translation of the entire New Testament had been finished before the beginning of Till
/Qal was written.
2. The list of the Books of the New Testament would have been purposeless, had only the gospel of
Mat thew been intended to follow it.
3. The passage referred to by Roy at (see p. 3Z) p. J2 of TCJl:t proves Till prO/OUI to have belonged to
the New Testament .
.. In like manDU the passages alluded to by Ridley (see / . 53) atpl. 10, 12. and J4 confirm the same.
3. This Fragment being printed by Quentel before '526, and not being
a part of the Gospel of Matthew printed earlier than that year, must be a
portion of the Quarto with glosses referred to by Cochl:eus.
Thi s has already been proved. We may however notice that Tlu fri"cal , never reprinted by Tyndale,
forms the substance of Till Pal"wa710 StrlPJuff. included aUlong TyndaJe's Workes, IS7), by John Fox.
DID TYNDALE TRANSLATE FROM LUTHER' 67
Is THE QUARTO A TRANSLATION OF LUTHER'S EARLIER
VERSION ?
An important question yet remains. Is this a translation from tht:!
original Greek, or from the German of Luther? All translators of the
Scriptures have availed themselves of existing versions in other languages,
as helps. In this way we think Tyndale used Luther's version; but we
must remit this subtl e question for resolution to abler hands. Certainly
Tyndale was competent to translate it from the Greek, as his translation of
!socrates' Oration proves, and as the title pages of his subsequent editions of
the New Testament claimed for him. He was evidently familiar with Latin.
He probably had mastered German by the time he came to Cologne ;
and without doubt studied Hebrew at Womls and Marburg before 1530,
when he published the English Pentateuch. Busche's talk is probably
but an exaggeration of Tyndale's linguistic attainments. Evidently there-
fore he was capable of an independent translation. His frequent reference
to 'the tonge' can only be to Greek, and he says, 'Consyder howe that I
had no man to counterfet ;' see p. 25.
Whatever may be the case as to the Translation, we can judge of the
extent to which Tyndale incorporated the writing!; of Luther in The prologge,
the marginal references, and the glosses. J. Baynes, Esq., of the British
Museum, has kindly compared the two versions with the following results.
1. Luther prefixed to his tran51ation (1St Ed. Sept. 1 2nd Ed. Dec. I S::Z::Z) a short Vqrrlude or Preface
from which Tyndale took nearl y fi ve paragraphs-beginning from diU al/te t estafflent ist 17n Dllcll! daryn1Wl
Cottisresetz, etc. down to . mellr stero..n-being more than half the VIWTlude; and has intro-
duced it into the ~ ~ e beginning- on p. 3 with Tlu olde testament is a DoIu / etc. down to $1uJ/l never
more dye, at the top of p. 4. With this exception, the jIrofIJrre seems to have been entirely written by
. Tyndale, who also fumb ..hed the foUf glosses found attached to his quotation from Luther.
2. The inner MARGI NAL RIU'ERI!NCES are selected, with a few additions, from Luther's version.
3. Some of t he CLOSSES are entirely Luther's, some (and these chiefty explanations of words) wholl y
Tyndale's, and some are identical in meaning but differently expressed from Luther's, as if each were a dis-
tinct tnnslation of some earlier original. Of the 93 glosses in the Fragment, the following 41 appear to
. have been NTI RELV supplied by Tyndale..
p. 18; That ys to saye by the
l esus is asmoche to !.aye
Chri ste bryngeth god. where
p. lQ. l ury is the londe
; . 20. Rachel! was buried not ferre
;. n. Put youfe truste in goddes
p. <13. All these dedes hefe rehearsed
p. 24. l otto Is as moche too saie
"Brcaketh This do they which
p.26. Rewarde./ Ye shaJl not
P.21. Syngle. The eye is single
p. ::z8. Fornace. Men heete there
p. )0. Wilt. Faithe knoweth not
p. 31. Centurion. Is a captayne
;. 34. The hervest are the people
P.3S. Beyande the see commenly
Fynsshe That ys/ ye shall nott.
That is to sty openly .
J 2
68 DID TYNDALE TRANSLATE FROM LUTHER'
P.37. I n the name of a prophet
water. Compare dede too dede
J. 38. !.esse. That is Christe
Violence when the consciencC$
To vpbrayde is to cast
p . .fO. Desolate, That y5 wasted
p. <fl .,. viper ys after the
Here may ye se
p . :t, He that hath. where
p. 43. The .seed ys sowen
Tares and cockle are
P.47. Profylt. Mark the leven
p . 8. Tradi tions of men must rayle
p. so. Peter in the gnke
[This long notc is an expansion of a short one by
Luther.]
p. 51. Itt 50undeth yn greke
Dedes; For the dedes
P. 52, Strange (eyth requyreth
p. 54. Here all bynde and loost
P.57. Seven a d ocke with VI
p. s8. Dy this similitude may ye
p. 59. Redeme I is to deliver
Sonne of david. As many
p. 6t. Ihon laught the very waye
The remaining glosses are either literal or paraphrastic tl'3.nsl:ui ons of Luther, or of some earlier original.
U then the Quarto were annotated in this manner, about one half of the glosses were contributed by
Tyndale. Thus far at least there is nothing to detract from lhe genuineness or his work, as a whole.
Anyone who will compare our Authorized Version with this first attempt,
cannot fail to be surprised to find what a large proportion of this Text has
survived intact the ceaseless tests of innumerable translators; which is
another corroboration that Tyndale both went direct to the Greek and
that he did his work excellently.
We must now draw to a close. 'What was intended as a short Preface
has become a small Book: and yet the subject is hardly more than begun.
Every point upon which we have touched capable of a more exact defini-
tion, a more ample illustration. It is indeed that we know so
much as we do, considering the circumstances; but it is certain that there
is much more that by a patient search may be recovered. "\Ve have
endeavoured here to aWluce nothing for which there is not adequate, and,
as far as possible, contemporary authority, and we leave off the inquiry
feeling that we have only just commenced it. Yet enough has been
adduced to show what a great Story surrounds the first beginnings of our
printed Testament. ' Vill some one become the Historian of the English
Bible? Wherever he may lead us in that history we shall find that the
Introducers of the Bible into our nation, as well as the ceaseless Correctors
of it since, have for the most part been interpenetrated with an unfaltering
love of Truth and Holiness.
Hitherto that History has suffered much at the hands of its Narrators.
Fox1s Ecclesiastical Encyclopredia is very scanty in its information respect-
ing the early English Reformation down to '530. The first Edition of
the Actes, &>c., 1563, contains some val uable original Memoranda, etc.,
contributed to it by Eye-"Witnesses : but in the second and later editions
Fox, writing impersonally and violently, deprived all these contributions
CONCLUSION.
of much of their freshness, beauty and graphic portraiture; and therefore of
their power to reproduce to us the life and action of those times. He is
therefore to be read with great caution.
or later writers, Mr. Anderson, who commenced in his Annals our
popular literature on this subject, is often as faulty as Fox. Indeed there
has been an unfortunate fatality among some of . these later writers.
Lewis voted Cochheus' statement-which is a cardinal poist in the His-
tory-to be entirely a fabrication; and An<;lerson errs as often as he is right.
One excuse for this is the difficulty of the search. The priestly hunt
after the Testaments 10 which we have referred was altogether unnoticed
in the general movement of the time. The question of the day was the
King's Divorce: and the fate of the captured Testament readers, secretly
tried, though openly punished, did not-in that age of violent deaths-
attract universal attention. So the full history of that of which we have
here given a sketch is to be found in the Bishops' Registers and other
such recondite sources.
Of the fruits of the English Scriptures who may sufficiently speak?
One gx:eat tangible result has been the ennobling and perpetual e l e v a ~
ting of the English character. Had the bishops stamped out the Bible,
England would have been as Italy and Spain were, and much of the
world's history would have been differently written. Hence the story of
the English Bible is for ever intenvoven with the history of England and of
the United States. The free Word of God has brought to us freedom of
mind, of soul, and of estate; and we in this, as in so many other things,
now inherit, without even a passing thought, principles and privileges
which our forefathers oftentimes purchased with- their lives. May we in
like manner be found faithful to all that is true and right in our day and
generation, and hand down intact to our children the munificent gifts
which we have received, for nothing, from our ancestors.
What shall we say of the illustrious Translator? Strange alchemy I by
transmuting the thought of one language into the expression of another to
free a people from ignorance, priestcraft, mental and spiritual serfdom. Yet
by the grace of God so it was. Tyndale saw his life's work accomplished.
" Ere he was taken away, the English plo'llghboy came to knojV"the Scriptures.
He was preeminently a large minded and lofty spirited man. He had great
mental capacity, but a greater moral purpose. Ceaselessly for twelve years,
at the least, he laboured at his great work; yet, so to speak, in secret:
which is one reason for his not having been adequately appreciated by
posterity. For: example, he was a far greater man every way than Latimer,
70 CONCLUSION.
Thomas Cromwell, or even More, though not possessing so bright a wit as
he had: yet perhaps he has not been so much honoured as they. Another
reason of this is, that in translations the less of the translator the better;
so that he was lost in his works, his controversial writings being quite byplay
to his effort in translating. Yet even in controversy he wrote with remark-
able strength and clearness. All his work was done in exile ; Henry's
agents met him as it were by stealth, and tried to cajole him to come into
England. The bishops-like Giant Pope, in Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress
-bit their nails because they could not get hold of him. So at length he
was, by the treachery of that archJudas Philips, betrayed; and then, after
twelve months of imprisonment at Vilvorde, his last prayer, previous to
strangulation, was lLord! Open the King of England's eyes.'
Much more will some day be known of him. . Among the archives of
Belgium may yet be found the papers seized in his house at Antwerp by the
Emperor's Attorney when he was captured. Among the records of the
German Diet may yet be obtained the Emperor's decree ordering his
execution. And among some English dust covered collection may still be
found such of his manuscripts as passing into the hands of his Timothy-
John Rogers- came over into England. Enough is already ascertained to
stimulate in us an unceasing search for every trace of him and an increas-
ing study of his works; and what we already know of his nature and
character, of his and purpose, fully justifies our for ever revering him
as the great Apostle of our early Reformation.
A word or two as to the present lithographed Text.
In the original, as might naturally be anticipated, some of the lines and
letters are faded and broken. With the view of facilitating their perusal,
all rotten letters have been made perfect, and the Text printed black
and sharp. After which the Fragment was again read with the original, so
as to ensure absolute accuracy.
It may help those unfamiliar with black letter to state that a dash over
a letter indicates that m or 1t are to be added: as tepte means tempte, wet
went. Also that the flourish at the end of some words is the plural IS, as
whaallu (whales), spiritLs (spirits), etc.
There are numerous misprints in the text, characteristic of the great
difficulties under which it was produced, being secretly composed by
the Cologne compositors under great and constant fear of detection.
FINIS CORONAT OPUS.
LAUS OED.
[THE TITLE PAGE IS WANTING IN THE GRENVILLE COpy.]
ibaUt bttt ttaWJ4tth
cblCrbcm anb
renberly !>crouc!) in([b,ifr ) Ibc IIC"
wc f.n ),ourc fpirilua/f
fola6:
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tben 'f I 4n':l Ibal bal>' g"ll., of
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te/lben "frcont;blC 4nb my
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c4ufc6 Ibat mOllel) me torr4n(14re / 9 tbouG!!t belur
t!)alolber(bulbr "ma{fion/tben tbat) rbem.
mOl( coer)' fuppofeb ,,1 )'6 (0 bflonbt to
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nrl'l l wbm ClllmOI bUI flomblcl anbwbcrf to flombl't y"
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be Ulolbun"y, (n),m4n (v fpeAfe nm blorblr) (0
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21 ij

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morce / oflbegofpdfr9t ll.Arot I tltfpifcgraceAnbrobbe
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,
pz%ggc.
wbm fvAtfb)'t Apoyntcrll gcoNtj'to be r4lle bi/iri
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,be (1& ilrcqu,rctb ofl>5tbllt 111""cl) is fot 1>&
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"910'Oelb( Ulb"cbis lobO)
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"

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tiilie Anb bonbagt "nber Ibe IAW(. 3n a1fmylleb1v mu='
(k bil\lc Ibe lilUlC before me 10 conbem m,ne llnpcrfecmte.
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ne/IIl!)m bit ill compartb 10 ,"t I4lllt / wb,cb requ)'rttblbc
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rieblewefneJ>/anb 10 my r,lfe alf Ilnnebttmqnu 4;nb f,nne.
:3 mufle Alfo halle Ibe promrfce before "'1n, tyrel tbar,brf
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filkb formeltharwbre!), coulbe nortboo.
ma,e J'e percea\le Ibar Itro mannn of "eoplean fort
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bebf lin Qllul'arbl, from Ibatwbreb 'be la"
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ctbe,compnf tbcm fd"c;;'o 01''" 1Y""tr& anb in
rtfl'tcte oftbcmiufli(iubem (duts lb. opmfvn"
ncrs.tbc}' fe nott bOIX'Hbdame requ,.rttl) 10lll frem Ibe bor"
tom oflbebm.3f Ihcyb,b I"e)' 1X'0ibe nOl,conbme
bour,,:IlO\le multitub, offrnnr0 I fa,nc,prr,r
in firli pililr. Jor "'bom rio", from rj)e bepe bonom anb
grounbe ofm,ne conb,m y nott/nelj)frncPi li'n.:::
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crtbofe41fo arebecw',b OUIC alfft4rt ofgob \Jtll'
alf'mantflrietJ>l1'il9
lario/11
4
"i
n
srno reWectt 10 fbt Ic.ltlr of eob( rnbcrl1'bofe "'et'"
aunce arrlcdtb \lpin I'lIf'ti"iti<)bUlfayr:eob ie mrreifillF
rbAffud;!tbrtn,tyner c.l1b vma
comitleb I feril'lUr .
'hrurt.

nottf"yt,,/but opynion
I1t ie nott !1tUtn t"elO of IPC (pyrite
of nwc fl\,tp ie Cae (",t9 t"e apojf!c pau!) tp. gyfle of
i& gCl>Cn to (ynero 11ft'" IbdltIDcl)arp "pon l!Jent
Anl) blougptlbmconftimrf ImlOI"C bl)'m of
on/I1J1b fOlotl>C& of peff.
,,11"C Ipiel'igbt f".I'tp / confcntto tpc llttl)e il 1&
anb ""bic" maber".llttl>c/anb
bdcctacion in rbdall)c CnolfwitbftollNngnbatrb,y can
nottfulffi/r u / fortb,rewcal'nC&)anMpcv
",rrbc lawe Ibcv C4nnott <I"o,l), il. :;Inl)
tbel'C Ore4tc foro'Q)cie/bccaufctb', cannot fUlfill' tb. wdl'of
gob in Ibe !,twe/aubtbcfp)'lirc tbatio inlb,m crv.tb to gob
nvl1bt4llb bart for /lrmgrb I1nb "dppc witb tcarc& Ca6 fa,tb
paul) tbafC4III1ot bce,tplTc" tl>irb 10nOe.
crtb. firflc /tbat fa)'. a iu(ticiar;c / Illbicb IOftif,ctb brm
fl!fe IDirb bt& outID4ttlCl)''''f/cojlntctb nott in
b,/nclbcrbarb ,,uta cion tpmin/,,/ bttl>o!bcratper t!>atno
fucbe rlttl>t tl>erc.5o I\Iftitlctb pc norrgob/but baltt" "ym 0'I1l a
l,riit/nclbercMCtp 9,for tbe promrfre/ buttl>itfWilb bie al""C
/lrigrb b, ofb,m (Il/fc:no w)'r. glolifyctb be gob/
110" be fcmc OIlt\l)4!l). 10 l)co.
feconl)e/ rb4t i& 10 fa)" tbe fcnfcwcffprt'fonc/ ae a "o!up'
tCOU6 fttlmh .I1ob in l,Jifi fawt i6 rbanrfutr
ro for promvfre Ail" i&fm 1M
to
mam tot!>dl1wct!>4t
wee / Anb iuflifl"", gob inrbdl\wc / A/fprntctb rbat
ierig!>twre 40b lufte / wbicb / !>c
of Oob /anbfo ielii 'ttb gob / inbo",gc !>,m mire
Anb betl>iff)'ul re prom,fc6. \l)j,!> ,!>dl1l1)(
bym fy!fe Anb a iebfb1/anb o"'''9atf'bt
fc to gob. !>c btlrucrbtbt plomyfc& / I1nb Afcribctb aff'rrout!>to
goMbue c"cI')' tI>!>ercillflifirt!> be gob/Anb prayfttb 110l).
([:Or nArnrc tbefanle of tbcc!>,lt>rm of
roro'ltb/!>crrc6oftbc wg'.tunet of gOb b, byub/ye Anll fi'om
"concepcion/we bllllC ollre fdfowf!>ippe wil!> t!>c lIAmncb
",a, pow" of bcrmr& "nb I'll!, of (atan /wbyle we
,
prologgc.
11'e""( yatinourc morbmuwmbc6/tlJOllg" ll'cfb(\l'( nctt
me fidf of tlJe IIMllf4lf
fon of 4Iff",rutfoebf fplynge/anb c<inorr bllt I1nnc
be1l7e IUl>Cr fo )'ongc) I'fo"4(1011 be gtllfn/f01 oure na
n4tIIre i6tobcof)'lllle/iI;6 i6tb(lf(IWreo( afcrperuto ICynge 2!nl)
a& 4 frrpcnt )'ettlll1btougbl (oube i& (ulf' popfonl
anb canno" a/imNrl)( ( \l'/)fn lilt fl'IIIt comC4nbocc4jion
glll," )bult In",gc fOtlbe tbe ji-flltt6lbere of. 21nl> An ebber /
a ro:>bC/Ola(naie i& bard' of man 1 (norrfOt tl)c rod! ir
bOlle / bur fOt rbe po,fon in it anb burtmbieb it cAnnolt
b UI b"" )60 Are 1I7e "lIteb of gob f01
ill concea",b 4nl>bomc wit!> lltI/btfOlf mt ba> en),
",tf.21nb a6rbe A wnumou& mOtmebd!1/maFttb
ir norr a (apent : but be c4uft ir i6 4 ","umous
rebott" it fi"uu mllfet!> nol t!>e
Irtf "wlt': bur becaufe It i6 an Cl),tf !riC 1 tbcrf01c bt,ngetb It
foltb (ea(on offi"urc i6. Ifl'cn fo bm norr
curHll,!'ffbcb'j' maFe bur becanfc ofn4turc_
arcc\l(!f' /rber/Ole wc ant> b"" fl)yft'l anb Art I'M
'lIcr_gclIunce/ml)ertbc lame/conl)ictt totttmatl'balllll4ci6n
bl' rb([4mt/anb arHontr4r)' 10 Ibe lXIitf of gob in aU ourc U'f!I
Clnb in aiflb",ltj' confcnt to Ibe myffofrbe fcnbc
.rl3" IrClCc(rb41 i& ro fa)'c f41)0Urt )mtilrt plucPeb outt of
3bamtl)egrounbc of 4ft' elitf/4nb er"ffeb in lbtill rbtrOfe of
4Ifgo.>bnc&. 3n lblill gob /ol)(b 0& bi6 decle allb q,ofen/ bqOlt
1i)c1l70llbc btg<ilanb IltI onto Ibe Fnomlegcofbi&
ne anb of bl'e bol}' gofpdf7 anb 1I7ben rbe go(peU i6 puad)tb
to "e be openerb oure bcrrtl'/anb If"'"b grACe to belel)(
"nb pullttb rbe (piritt of b1ifi in 1)61 we Fnome bi
me 46 ourt f<'rber mmll mtTCl'fulf / anb (onfcnr to tbc 1M
IlIt inourt /)frt I Allb bcfl'l'tco/itlfyffit/
AIIbfOto'lllebecaufe 1I7e cannoc/m/,lid}milf (f)'llllc 1I7C offr,,},I::
ticnetlUfo mf)c)i& fafficicnt rift'm01e f!rmgrb be g(l)tl'&/r/)f
bloub of f4tiff4Ction of
bill" obtc},ncb 4Urbi!J1 (0% 06 of gob.lbli/1i6 our< farif"
facnon/rebfmcr/bf/}'tlUt1'/f4wour ji-om
merre in tbe pililnJ OfP4UII/ J'a!:r I w

7

in!\1.goW,1f .. 0(3\1on w!1atlbli/t is "litO "5.
4re we onl" in bel.",n!!< tbt PlcmrfeG I.
1>< n,,,,r OIlU 10'" anllgt('b tt'trfC6/,rti.;ou;,
to 10llr n01 goob wrrFfl but "nto
elll". jOlleue anl> wtrff an rb, la..." l1>/)i<\>
plt(tction 1 anb rbe grcunbr (lnb fom<t,necftbt 1 anb
lIanetb allimperftttnt6. t1ol1>tiG faifb "nller tllt Plcln,fepl
\l)j",banrnot:butgn>e alfgraC(/mm), <till> (4"our 1 (lnl>l1>bat
",'''(fiG conrrrnellintbt I'lomrft<l.
R 'a/zrewef I .. iGl>i"frG rejl,fonymagenttb
or"" wi malttr ofrigbrt wlfnrff< ... ZilH9tlU(l. mim(tranon of all manf
ft i"ftifrinS'r nrrona we5/anb t/)e oblir"ing. of tb.m I an!> mOlalt' "muel>
01 iufliCf wfrfiltpbilo[opbere pur 111m frlidti. anl> Meffebn,e /l1>bid)
all art norbi"t In 19( [tgbtof ie inl"fe maner r/)e illf
flif"ill( of cmmone"l [eme"magiolbtmtbtrt on,
me conurfaicte otlltrl[IlJ',n{tf intbm I>J"nlltrea[on: fud)e bol,.
per(one b)'b Ibu .. anb tbu6lanl> Ibell'ert I)olmiltberfolt "fr
lim fo Irfe 11>11' , ("alf .. "e non, of
I'lcaferb.t'blitW'5 f,'(rigbl.l1>ne6i tbfle
1110Itl ... n>bidJ go!> gil,,' "nlO tb.m/not (o:toin(tiflt:blll to be'"
r tribe ,n!> 1'4 "nl ([ b,iftcn 10 Ii)cm lof wbid) ie,",,; t(f/ifltt" P 4U I
(q.)'ingt I)aoe togob,bul not after tflCl\'f
legclfoubcy!'Jo aboute 10 iu/iicclanbal" nor
oba.iitfO {u/iic, o:rigbt'l1>e(nc;
(4l1fc 11 maltcajl. 11>4"
"acton ,n'!! rcafonlbccnnot pcrefa "tgol>1 an!> "nbeeftoll'!!e tbe
"mile nb power 0 (t/)c blollb off! bliti. i6 Ibe
nee ofwo,rr( ae"fail>t before a tray./t!)", fele
nothll!( tl)daweie (piriluallant> cannol be fulfilleb/but /Tem
tbe botrom ofrbe bm.it",rie a filifriel)lewcfnce/ll!benme 1M
mei", (IrlliU,lI Ii'om 19' groiib. of Ibe bert .tbi& b4b notber pe"
rernor palllirbiel,fe perfectl)': bUI r,.gbeb
(0 blejf.bin If)liffltl)41 rI)t)' (tnl> tbll1/itb 4f<'
ler it.p4ul ba'!> ebie fbulf/e 10 tbdal1>e of gob Ilbat
il ollGblfe "",be/bill be fo"nll( <ln0/gerlutie in biememb1<6 co
trary to thelnfl' 41t'lll>ejire cf !1iemynb( / ctreb
out'f"y'ngt: man Ibat " am:wb0j) ... lfoel,,,:e
B
ProlO!l!lf
me from ')e(ue
eb<i(r.i!:\1c rigbktOt(nee befO'Zc gob i6 of "c.lu</i9ro
,,0 Ib< p,om,r<aofgob/II(tcr Ibe Ic.we 91111) Ibe
(cicnce.2!ewgenli)c rempo,(tff lc.tt'C ofre tymee
tbavefe 0. IIn'1> btpnsct" "vm roqecution/(o I"M "e
notbinscbcfo,e 9ym bUI ""'ll cOMlet!)
go:>l> rpbill'f /a c""rter from Ibe ep"gc an'1> l>d,ouctb bim fLy re
Ic.mc barb broug9tl!Je frn"er into fnoll'ic"
geofbim ("Ife /c.nl> bM9 c6fOllnl>l:l> openel>
"nro /Jim anb "engec.uncc of go'll/19U1 comelb geo'1>
ItbC \ft'agelion (9(1l)Cli) onro !lim 11>' prompfce of go'1>
in I!bri/l/c.nb "olllu"c.r ("rift purcbefcl> perllon for bim
":IHalifftell rbe i.lIt'C for bim / anb pea(eb tbe wm" of gob/
tbe po"re (,nnfr hehon" /IIlnber" ,,-nil r\lanfctp gOll /t9ro"
Ulcl!\lriftlant' b"afu\l ollleinro er,,'lligcintt'<1rb io)' <tnb SIC.b
nca/forr!>c.r be "lUb to grw< I1'rali)/fo be", "'g.4un"
e</(o fcarfufrc.o'll fo '''tr/aftinge <111ttbc I c.nll!>. hene. forth ia
c.n batTIeb 4nb Mburfi4fiermomil1b/n1'cfnfs/rb4r be migbt
eont)'nuall)'eommlllinge bi6l1'f"
4fnte "nto goll inrije bloull ofourc r41liollytbrif"!3cfuf!
(baff"efe compcnbiou(t)' 4nll plc.)'tIl)'(ht Olltl
tbt orber pr4Cflfc ofe"er)' r"yn"e afore
([{bcfauft of allc.m malle "e ",ge4uee "nil
of{loll/c.nll "c)'rtf! cf brou" .
l1br-oe into ritptit>itte.nll b:yr; c
onrclorbe/4nll oure ruler/ollre "" ro 0
rc prlllCe/yunll oure nil oure locfell foct t
I1cr "nro 11'itPo f rbcbe",fflrbcn COllllt 4n bunbreb
fanll d)cyneei>tnbc4m4n "nro a poft. Unlo bc"illf Illdlco"
(<nllllc/wirl! "fronre btm6/lllir\) <ltPourcmynlle&/wirb 41 0""
re m"gbr/powtr Il1'ill anb luff,. IDitb 11' bc.t popftlleb/
"munOU6 a man bia ,nem""Wi/b bo,,"
U'ene), 4nb
tDirb tt'b<1t "iolen ,,"b r4{1cl)'e wirb hol1'c fcrt-tnt/llft< co
mm lilt g.lluourrie/fomic4cion/4I1b(ud) Ifre "ncle"n.e" 't'ilb
w"at ple<1rure Ifrllb 4 llonon bia
brff;irb lliC4"C we:' bUf)'li (ef. wet bc
l3 ij
9

UlO1I1:d))par fOf nof }'It1It1Agi
on/i,; abomin4b(( in 'Ztnl>w( Art Atl it w<r<
lepc in fo bcp< we call ntt!>er /no, fcf, III
wICtdyrbne0 nor arr inl tylf'mof,&comf
4nl> tl'Afr publ.ffI;>< 19t1atre.ro!>m we b ru!>e la we
tru/" puady,l) I wrong!)rto 1010' anI> 9onourt gol>
Wlt9 4ft' our. firm",9. anl> I fi"orn lb. fowe bottom of
toe pm:anl>ourr negpblll"fC"e ouru",mY&)4& oure fdut&
w,arb(" from tpc bcrl/4nblO bcx)lX>Qat (oclO(r"ob
b.bb,tb/4nl> aba.pnr ITom W!,41 foclO(r"ol> Iwit!l
aif/olOt Anl>mcfnt&/ w9it a f<rome anl> a bnmyn".lullc/ITom
bcrl I 1gen br"ynntrf> r!lr con(citnC( 10 ra".
agina tbtlAlX>tl<llll> ,,-genii gol>/t::'iO(fC( b. n",erfc greal. a
I<mp'fl) i&fo mquict. 3li&not pojfyblcf.:na nalUralfman to
I IJit(bnll> be 19at!Jol> fpull> be
tbe la we. mAl1nC;I lX>ittc/re afonl anl>
lIliif/arcfo fali "'url>/rr naylel> anl> cl/eyncl> mlotf>elX>iII oflbe
... can tny crcanrrelowfr 1>0l>(tI/(41>( blonl>
O((",./i.
i1liQ(<tIrtQ airbit> i6lbc c"ptiWC4I1l> bon:-agc W9t(t (91i(rl>clYI01el> ,,& I
. 5 !ibmc rcbemrblanl>low(cl> "6. 4?i& bIOUl>/9i& pacicncc/ in
fnffi"yngc r(bufell ,,"l> w10nef 19i& P't'''fr6 anl> f4flrngf I
mcfcn,o AnI> fulfjff"nlf' of rf>c "rmoli I'o"nlt of IAwr /
/(" of (4"'" of Ifob ro \>& Clearncl ob"
uvncl>rllar gol> 10'" ,,&6>ll1elanl>b. 19ar
a anI> Q)C"
amrtl/anl>lt'i8' If'''. \>6bi& agqne( wa&t4frnM
Ula,tin tj)rfafi'of{fl>am)to ruff go"ern "sl Anl>
t(> bUAfr Ibe bonbrs of in _ Wtrr fo (lrqle bo"
wvfc !'Wm 'feG
.tre contc)'lltl> inlbe pfalmc&/
Anb in bi"erf pl4C.& 0 f fy\>( boffof mofes:lpen of
_ lX>9icl/Arrcltcte Clnl"i)oje/be"in to lX>c1<fofttlanbro mcl"
t'\ t.Atttbe boiiteou& Rltrcr of
SOl "'bi Ibe ","lfclion fp)'1itcofgob i 10
b,ynstCQ to,,' O11>tintl> Clnb apoynrthnro (lernaif I,fe/
love \w:Ktcl2 411" <,C6 / 400 fuc!l bdcfcin I"C.
p:olottt.

Itrbcrhc of (bli/ii6/1 gob III I!) longiJ
(bri/iell pun!)efrnge Anb men'trY bijl)'n to lol'( 4g4ynel
4nb 10 (onfen" tot\1dwe of gob / bolt', tbat I
fo 10 1"/4nbtbatgobie mdll lt/ 2lntl
btfrrc 10 as a licfe ma 10 be
Ir!anb alt I anb a Aller morc
./ier mOle Ito lawe more pcrfmly.21nb
in afrrbar omitt anb Iralle "nbone/ rbc)'ftfe jlCbbt5
bill mrtntll/cvtrtOnbemnpnjlubc
pcrfccnteof bettee by tbdawe. .
.rnOW( /lonblt!) \1tI inbo!>le 116",,0
5irll bt isourtrtbtmer/btlrl1mr/rtContllfrJ mtl
blaror I intrrrefTor/abl'otallatrllrnty/folidttr/cure bo:>pc/ri)/n" GCl'ttIz an <nli
f ortr/l9dbe If'1:oleccicnlbefmbrr Ibtlr!) I falisfarrionl (ample
anbfall'acion.Si .. blollb/!lillb,arblaa'tbarbe tl'ttbrtl/ i601l1 10 bt Itow. it
bim !ilfft/wiIV4a'lbal bfi6 orc<lbcol i6 OUtCIl.
bloub ft)rbyn!fe 40ll .ur b< brbl borlj) mt ag
m,.rdlfe bontil. 3nb gob C46grc41t as
be ie)iGm,11C an bi5 purl
d)a('"l1t .r6rcon<trpl,. il/in' 1!14t lX'e be overcome 101
t'e aoll trn':me!!/anb no we ferao witJ' of i10t> C is
bal" w"bri/lc an enramplero
tounlcrfetla", cbrill mlfe in 3 b4'" gCPfn ,on
Anenfamp/c.21 n1) in
be grc4tt <tmcngc rOil youre j'trl'aunr Anb mim/ftr I 46
Ihe fOnt ofm5(iito mini/lmlnb nor to be miniffercb ,nlC. 21 nto
Pltul faitp: (ollnlrrf<t(!1ri/l. 21nb pmr ([brirtNtt>fcl
Irfl"ou.mb mjllmpluo fO/Oll't !liD trtppe!!. U)!141 a,er/)
tl1crfolc f4il9 bMb rmal'e of go IblOll' blcub anc Cove
anl' bclirr)'ngf/lpal fame mufflo"e jOcb oute t/?r
befcoll'c biton onre I'nlo t9m protr'tl", ant>
br Ollte cncmY6.23e(ltirl1 U'eTtct4Deof eo'b/4nb be
10\lfwel!lcb olll(4ga"nl. 21nb muff 11'nlQ;) (rei" <lIlrr
mfampff of ll!irb ourt tnr orblr rcfpcctl I fat'e oure
negbbcur1lt'tlr9rnl,/"nbntr!1erlofe for re"'<lr1)cinmi) I nrt
)'Cit in for ourt bebee: but of plIrt IOl'rmu/i 1e bcfcowf
liJ
'n
[be
rof ar able to
trc""e ron: on Ollr( to them to confJbfr'l1f1<
11'"";;" tel. nolr bi& bebre
u<tb 6 t/ 6 10 obre,ne be,,(n t9rrf>i ( tbat bene a mabnG) I1C11rn was
bv bi6 alrebbylbewll& bi& been9frilauncc:
rtes'purcbefin butb"b tbem frdy fOlollrc butoure
gm"brb.rfo tx>tlt!>/anbto b:ynge Illc fll"our to I>sagayn< lanl> 1>6 10
r< gOb.'216 no natllutl'Conn< thaI i& bi ... fM
b be callCe be 1I>01::'cbf b,yre/19albtis4lrebby be binb:
"4,,,e bim rhatyer be tx>a6 bomf/anb
.., .. w< nll!)i" bC C"ulb goowir!> onldl I II1<n be tIlilllo be : but
9
f6
ro gOb. of pucr lo",e boerHc beboft". '2In::' bim w"" "eboftb
my r"ynrJc rbal be bOerb/bc 4n(tt>ertrb:myfalbrrbabe/iti6 my
farbrrftt>iII / il pkaf<rb farber. l30nb Itr"auntf tIlorfe for
byre/([bilbren for/ol)(. jor I"m falgerroitb aU be bal!> / i6 rbe"
rf alrebby.eo boer!> man (rd" aU Ibat be
rrbmrb nOl9yngebut I!>eunllofgotl/anb bi&negbbollrf roe/I!)
only. :'9f1 li"eebl1ful3boo tt obternt btl',n I"er!>)'; jor
boo It>rongc to tbt bloul>
me [\Jar / (hli/i<6 mmnf ba"'t ml1l>tml
ilS botbbore anb roarb1. lOItr9crr"ot
),loPe for II.n byrr roumein"t",t/lj1rM r\)ty ("all !>a",ctl.' byeb
"ein lX'tblocft/otbrr a. boom oftpe/iill'C6 c)'f fbe rtptnt)
(crlbo.tl"erttl)e I'I'v1>, onuci(er: 15ntfrdr 10 waytc on Il>e e?
",angdion/ anb to ftn., my btothtrll'il9 411/t"c" 46 one I)anbe
ont
olbtrf srcfr/o.nblbe payneofriJconri&rbt plll'ne ofl"c otber.
roPM foc"" ilS l>oneto rbe lce/1ofoo ( ro9trber irbqjoob Or
bill it i&bOntlo([bri/1. .2I'nb my
r!me ify be 0. c9ri/1rn man )1901(alllt i6bone 10 me. netber bo?
lib mybroti),r1 pl1yn, IIrc",mt l(fTc eben "'yne awne. ne?
IburciOY(c y Iclf< a t pi .. tbm at mync, rone. Sf bittl'<?
,c : bott'e (aieb paultlel bim t"ot rdoy(el!> / rcioy(t in
l!.oll>.tbat i& 10 (4ye cbri(t/robYd) ooer aU crearure&.
YfJII)' II1crmfoblcyneb me 9''''i/or an "j'erroumc Ibm / t"m
r ","ere in y mrS!>1 io,l> b,("be61' LOibl.
([ 0m Ii;' lall'e/anb t"cnatureoft!>r
!L1In>t brnllttb IInll ll;;netb dl
lion 10wl<lb Ibem before /lInb l!:'o by"ll
geha folowerb. \l)b," II prcad)cr pread)crbrbeJ!.alX>c / be lower.
lI"b all (onfcicnae/anb en be prcad)crb tbe <vofpell/bd(>\'C
fceb rroo fah"eC,mcane Ibel!.,,-wCAnll
G3ofpdl)","ctb (JjOll preacber 10 beak anll cure frnner"
wilb CIlI.i!bc Illwe br,""b oure tbe lIif(4fe/anll maFcrb bit 4pe"
re/anll ,&11 fbllrppc(alt>e/anb 4 fTe4tVngccot(rv/anll FrUctl) rbe
"eeb low( ttl> IInll br", wetbtb' [Cree out b, the Nue/
anll All corruption. Jt puUed) fTom 4man rpe tnl/lanll conft
\)ier tbAI be bllrb in bim (lIfe / anb in bie cnewotT1 I meriltfl
\)efm,ingfAllberrrmone5. 31 bim Ifentocrb bim 1l0TCnr
to bell/Anll !lim to t'ttrrbe(perAcion/ anb
lb. ware oftbe 10tll/ae bitia lX'ryttm of3bon Ibe l:>4pt</l.
for bitie nett pofllble iCbti/lf!lulb come 10 a man/
sue rrutlet" in bim(lltfr / orin en, IX>Otlblrt!),nge. 'tben
eommet" tl)c \f"4ngdion / a moregmtic pilltlcr I wbvd) fow"
pl,tiJ/Anb frollgc:b confcicnctlAnb bryngelb
Qrllb. 31 brrngotbtbr fpyrite of gob I
be& "nb coplet" "" to gOb an\) bid tIlili IQtOtll Ilrong,
fAitb Qnb fcrt'cnt bonbre to (iTongt for tbe N"1U/tbt
lXIotlb/ orcnr ma
d)cb rvnncr felet" fo grtAre III((,./Io"r / IInb rynbnre in GobI f<lcrlz rlzr
rbM be i& (I,er in f"f, tl)M notl pofllble t!>dt gOll
fbulb ll>itbbrAlX'e bi6 lIlerc.l' An'll 10t't frolll in (oulc.
bolbl, cevrtb 0llttt'it9 paul fJfingc: fb",ll fcprrAle .tnn in all IrW
wfTo fAYC. bulanotlS .
fbAU IIlAFcmr beltt>e rbatlloblo"crb mtllNtteb",U nibulaci< a.nn
/,
nlly/3l1m fetller r94tna9crbml) /
19vngf/ncr lor"" R
!!i'tocomr!nclOcr byr nrriolt'c/ntt9ctfn.l' creAtllre ie 4blc to ft
perlite ,,& fro tbel.", of gob w!lid, ie inebti(i 3cfu ollre lo<llr.
All fud)nrlbuIAcioneArtb:i/fcn mAn ptrct4uUb gob ie
fAtber I Anb b)'m I e",n 46 be lo"cb !>tift wb'" be
916 blo"b on !be crolfd'rnllU.I'/4S bcforcta>bi'.I' wile bob
llc"pllanb bie t'Oill!v w,og!>t aU mancr ,,,,,11 ",,,bUlierc\),,
nc&/nolt for btllte ierl>mU>Arllc.offi'iie/ outbc ca u(c
"
([be
It'il& !><tr.of ,,<II by by:t!) """ r!)cl>cl)rll/l.lyl.l y.1
"yll.jor 3coIIIl> none "'.f< lloo. to\l<o frn ",a& mi
\.t:l)tn(o no",' fmce, ilm coplell to go!) b. ll)riltce 11)>
y weli/llNT for 1)<l)iM be caur< " am I)c"" by
grace anll ([ I)rili-l' purcb.f"ngc I anlll)al)e tl)e fpyrir of 9011/3
j)>g","frtlrl for fo ie m"nacurc.3eag",l! tr'e bryng,r!> (ord;>
""'l> frulan" an ,,'rff trt< 'I)ylftnm. .8yr"r frurre f!>"ff".
fnome m!)At rl), rree i6. a milnn,e!>,!>ee broarr U>9at I)e i6
1%>it9 in bllt m"Fe 9ilO net!)er gooll ncr bAb 7c.\l)e muti be (irll
cl'11 ),"TOt ll'" <I)ylfl a" a t<rpcnrie /'ir/1 po)'f<n<l> yr 1)< po"fcn,
tve mufl be ai1'o gooll rcr ",e la6f9< f'yte nlJl(i be firrr
bOft V'I' bit ",arm. cny ,!>"ng<. ira" 4n en(ample. 36 t90f<
blynt>c ",!lyd) arc curcI> in rl)e cI)4ngdion I COllllt nott fe tyff
Il)ri/1I)"l> 1(1)'" t!lent 3nl> b'ff coube nott l)e4r. I tV!!'
I!:!>rifl "All !l"I)," tl)em !>e4ryngc/2l'nb tbofe l>>
(1).b.1I.6 of an u>l)olc mw/lI'fflfl)rifl "al> I<I)'"t/)<m l).alt9:
60 can nom"nb>!l'ool> in bisfoulc /,yfflbrifl !)ltl)clowf'"
!>im onre ofrl)c bon!>ceoffariil anb 1)4"< g."i !>im wbcrewit9
fO l>> 9ool>l ,e anl> /'i:Il< b(llle powrcl> inte /Jim tl)(lt (((fe gool)
rl)J'IIoe m!>yd) 1)< (bellet!) re.tl) ajtCl'1P4r"C on orl). toP4t fo
\1tr i5 ourc 4u>ne ie frnnc. to bar foc"" i& abol)CTb4t I ie \[ bri ;
flflrf'te/pllrd)e&/l>ornge/anll wo:l'ynge. 8e bOllg"tit of bie
f4tl)trt>rrdpUlitb !>i& blou!>/"e witb!>ie mcoli bitterbc"tb ant>
oal)( I)i& I"Fe for !>ir. \l)!>4tfoe"cr gcol> r!)Vllgci" in ,,& / r!)ar i"
g(l)en"" wil!> ollteour. tlef"I'ng ormcrcrrffor
blou<>1' ",e tlef,,'. to folow t!>ewiff
of go"/iti .. Ipe gyft< bloll<>. "'. nott'e
i):rc tbe l>."vli1' ",illembert \1nro me "'cre Co
f4/llocM, /anl> norr bit) i"
alfo Ibe gy/le of (!).die" blolll>/"nto
wbom bdonget!) tbe pu,fe 4nl)
bonome of ollre I
4nl> nort "nto w.
,4
[br bolus (outtVtttb in tbt
nnut i:dlrunrnt.
1
["el1o(pdlof6.mar'e
19.. itbq,ofpcU of6.11uh
uq 31>0n
v lbuctfS oftb.
vi lbc<pillle 01'6. Qaul ro rite Soman6
vii lbe pilile orS.paul rerbc \forrinlbilln,
viij lbe (,conb pilileofS.pllUllo rbe I/:Qrtinlbians
ir Ibe <l)alar"ian&.
r lbe pim" ofS.paul 10 tbe
li <rbcpifl!< ofo.panl to rbep!>ilip.pian6
rii itbe pilile of6.p4ull0 Ib<
riii lb. (,rlipimeo(S.paul \>nro Ib' lef(alo"lan6
riiij lb. ((Conbe pi/ile ofe.paul \>nlo rbe
rv f,rli pilileofo.Qaulro llmol"t.
!vi l",(econbcpime ofS.paulloi[imotb,.
xvij [be pime F S.paul 10 \!:im.;
tvi;; ire pifl/e ofo.paul 'Onro Pbilemon
fir lbe ""rli pilile o (5.1)([(r
rr {be (ceonbe pift/c of6.pmr
rri {be f,rlipWrle of6.3&0"
rrij lbefcconbc pi me of6. 3"on
rriij cr bUbr,b of6.3bon
tbe pilile\>nro Ibe lfblue6
tbe pimeof6.3ame&
1r"c pi (II, of3ube
it"t r'\>Clane" of'3bon.
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6 .ffiatbnv.
[hr
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So.iiij.
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,Gt anflX>mb dnt> fdVt>( :ft V6lX>'tuen/m:n btu.tviij.
only bib,ellbc/l3ut bv
of gob.
tI i"btnlb<b<"v[( lcoft!1im "P in I{,< / anb 1ft
!>rm on A prnAdc f.t)'l> Ibou bc pial. rc.
tbe fount of f,lt, jO!&ir,,6lX>!)'ttCIII9C
gev< bre> .tngdlj oucrtbt/Anb Iberc &"be6
I!><V '''.tlll1e, t&< vp/t9.tf t>AfTh< noll tbY fot( IlgAynl1
Ill10nc. 3eflle> fcybe &),m I!lil )'6 wwrrcn .tlfo: t&ou f!>AIt
not temptet!>y lo!b<gob.
&ym vp Ilgayne dnt> lebbc bim in to (In
(cbrngcb"cllloiitArne I Anb fbtlX><b &ym All fyngbomc"
of Ibe beduly of Ib<m/AnbfAyb ""to billl:.tll
I!>cfe IX>yll )' gtv< Ibe I yf I!>OU niill tall
3efue ""to 9ym 1.tlX'yb fAIAn. 50! (,itye .
f!>.tIIlX>O,f!>ippc lotbe gob I anb !>ym onl)'1 CU."9'
f/)all I&OU fcrv,.
tIi[!>cn I!>' lIevyll I<ft 9im I Anb 10 I!lc Angc[("j' (Am Anb
nlflreb vnto bym.
tIW9cn3efu6 91lt> 9ccl>< tbal wa6 rolfen I 9<b<pAr"
teb in 10 g.tlil</ IlMlI /cft M.t3Amb/Anb trent .tnt> bwcllc in
pernAii/robyd) )'Mcctc "ppon lb. fccl int9tcotl1 of 3Abulon
(tIlb n'ptalim 110 ful(v1l 19Ar ll'brd) ll'a6 fpofm bc 3fav 19<
prop9<t/li1ying<:'9c of3"bulon anb ncpr.tlim/ Ibc trM
j" of Ib< fcc bt,onb io:b4n/g4lilc of Ibrgmlyl6 I 1ge peopl,
"'9y4' faIt in b<rcfne6!fAwe gr,al lyGt!>/:l!nb tot9<111 W9id)
f.tllin anl> lygl9 ie fp,ong .
tI Iboll rymc 3<rU6 co pUIld)</anb to : R,,,
96 90nb
").fI,,, bv I&t ftt 9AIiI<! beflltl'e 111'0 burb!tn. 'l..c"ar.i
6pnon wbyd) peter/allb '2inb1<w brotl1trl
c"fivng'll nerr in 10 c9,ret e/fo, tb..9' t\'(r< Ilob 11<
fol)'l> "ncoI9<111 / m, {Ilnb J tIlyll you (pfT"<1;
of m<ll. :1!lIb tb'y flri)'gl1r WAV' lift< tl1m nmf
9ym.
([Zlnb tIlmt fOU9C from I:nb falX>c orber troo
... fOil"' of Jtbtb</ "lib in
"
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[9cgofpdl
([:\,c 94U' iri6 f4ibc:tl,ou fbalt loue tl)YlIe mgb<
(/I(lIIy. l3Uty faye "ntorou/loue rOllr.
,nellli<<,.l3Icjf< YOII 900 g<'Ob to rgelll rbAI
bale YOII/p,av<forrl)clII wbi.:b b<'O )'on 'll'tongc/anb pnf(clJ
ft Y< lIIare be Ibe d)ylb:cn of youre bel)(nly fAl9t1':
fo: be fUMe to aryfe Ion Ib<.ule/illlb onl!)e
4nb ftllbub reyne on I\>dufle 'Illb on Ibe onillfle. 50: if,t
f9411 (0'" IbCIII/t'Dl)id) lou. you:robalr<roArbtfball ,e bu
... (JaM ,,ctBcol101 Ib'" pllblica6.vcnfoa/nbifl'e befrlbl, to ,0114
l>rel> rcnrttl/ roll! bl(r9
1
< only:rob4Ifingul<rrbrng. bcorc-:9<'Ol1onr9' pll<
nollu'".n tr,bute . Yt n. II b .... I - .
lort!ztromonon bl1C4116 (V,e t'Dv.let". , ... 4 'yer,or< e p<"CCf( (II. a6YOlire
\'I'm comily /;><1" l)evcnl, farbert6 perfecte.
l1(n men tQn vn',.
<Cbilpttt
IIJtkt btbt ro vottrt almt9. tb: . t\,
. . . UI"
. a'V'(leu"r nOllln!). fvOptof men/ror bc II1ftn,
-- tbat,.t'Do(l><b,rencoft9<1II. IDrdl19< gctt/lo
rcro<trbcof youre f<tlber in geucn.tv!)t11 fo(u<nb.rfor. Ibou
Of",fllbyn. allllee/lboll fbah nol lII<tfea fTOlllpctlo b.bl<'
U'(II beforttbe I ae IPC )'po,rylrf boin lb. fpnag0g11 anb in
rb' f1rctf /for ro bcprayf<b of lIIi. "<ryly '3f<ty Ul1to rou/lbc"
ba"'t!;t,rcrm>atbe.l3l1tw9ilbollbocfi rbyncallll(6/lclrnol
IIJy l,,(re bOb mowe/t'Dbar tby rigbt bonb bot9/r9aft!)yne
m<u IIIAve be f(itll ifrmtt/l9All
openl".
([:z( 190U nott bl A6 tb< .l'pocrrt"
tf
in rOI'/l<r.0 IbccAllfr be (tne ofmi. "c"
r<lf 3 (ot", "nto rtwarb l3utwl)i
prart/l/mrr.intotbi d)anrbcr/anbf!>lItt 10 I i\nb
pr"fi to tbi fat!>er m!>ici),,6in (emte: fat!>rr w!>ici)
'lRnvnrOt. in ferrcte/f/Jall .. rell'arl>clbcoprnl".
t
c
([13ut pr<lye/babblc normoci)el a& gwtVle bo:
OUrt Otl>q for tbCY t!lat t!>t)' fl1"lbe !>trbt/foz t!>crt mo4le bi\b1
"
6.
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r.."" I. r. S lIeftrru"i m
),ngf IArt. ""I tWOI rcty(m fyere I 01 I Mylr V"g of goll as Ala
w!Jerofe nCAlIt / bc fort 'ure .21fl,r bOlll'ar
(96mAnerl9creforeprAy<e. QY9I)yrt.1'OIQII
.lnc. p. tr4) Arrin 9tl)(n bAI=ebbel9Y l1ame. goot>
i!.ttt\lY fyngbom comc. [by wyll be fulfllleb / afwdl ill crtb/ me of elle boun,tel,!
, " "" " , ... 1 b ...." u(ne6 1 hbtrohrel
a& yll y& In ytl'cn.",tl'( l'& lyl&vAC Ollr( bay y lCave ... nb mtrCYI{>,omr(c91
1'00llrC treMpafc0 / cllen A& roe fOlgcl'c 19cm wbyd) ofgot>b(
trcarpa& 1'0 .lcbc l'& notC ill 10 wnpe<1Cion . bill bc/YllrC"De IQe t>.f,rni"sc of
!TomYl'dl!2tmen.jot Anb yf yc (9all fOl!lcIlC olbmncn 011'
rctreAfpAfe&/youre ),QII.liur but a IItO"tr
J.iii. . Anb YCll'iR mcn Ibere trcAfpAfc6/nO more
mar.,:t. ),ollrcfArbcrfNgel't ),onrc trtAfpAfe& goi"g was wcll
C[morco"rt yc fAttc/be nOI fAb aM!,!c )'pocr)'ttf art. rnl>9rt>tt "n/o
501' 1gere 9illlJ)'gblappm "nlo me Qi bill
IbAI t9cyfAtlC. tJml)' y fAY "moyon/e!)cbAlle l\lmrtroar" fcre
bc.liurr\lou robe fatletl/annoymuby"e 0 0
\Ie eb" face / I\lat It appere nOI mlO men !>oroe I!,!M tbou
robi)'f> in frerere: Anti l.J>r
lX>!,!id) fc}tl> in re roArbe open I) .
, " nOI to on crll> / 11'9m ruttc anb
1Lu. ,til. COITUPtf / antll1'pmlbe"cf> brcafcrbrougl> anb
ycrrcaftlre 10gyNlrt in!,!el'tn .. Srng1t.
I\>errutle/ncr 1tt mOI!1tge&cOrruptt:anb .1!:'Qe eye (s({lIgl,
t\>er breafe "ppe/ntr1el/leAIt. 501' Q
Afure ,,&/tbcArc Arc ),ourc hrrrt1 .lifo .,IS t>Ct>C6 Ie ,Cf.,
JL
' 61';0. I' l. f b b'" . b Wool. f 'f burr on rile Wit 0'
IgyrO t )' ovYIOI ynetye ...... ,,(fc oru tl'Y"uy' got>ltlektCQ"ecr
be .. 6,"gle/4111\>" boby to full of .:8UI anb yfthyne crc for IQulltlQonollr
bc Q)>cfeb/tbcn iJlAIl19Y fnllofbcrcfnc6. tDbreforc elfn(ot9trrewcr
yf 19t 194t 16 in 19c be bercFnc&,\>oroegrc4Ic 1ol!>at
bercfnt&" not.,tt Q,cry c,,,
(n I)."cn o
1Lu.):\'(; m4nC4n Itr,,(fttlO m41,ere. Sorol!,!cr reume
onc/ .lnblollc ,bcolber: or<l& benJAllltnttoe\>c onc / .lnb Qi6 t>etlcs, but
gobanb mamon. [bm QC"<1I
forc), fAytllnloyou/brnorC4rt!ilfl ,efball .6
care/ orro!>atycf\lallbryncfc/ noryetforyourcbobb,/wbAt
- t1. l. l. ..... /
11
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'lu, Pi, r"J'mcIYt".411 rot4re. :Y&nocrbtlyfe morClX>orty Iyen me ... kerl;> frely fOlio?
alr-anblbe bobby moar, of "Alue raymfntt :8cbo\be Te9 (Qke onl,.
!O iij
6. SO. l)iij.
your< pitr/t,; btfort-l{t'OJ'T1c/leti IrcAbc art rI1c 'II>"Ollle of
ir (,tc I ant> Ibc lume agarne 4nb4ff 10 rml 'Iou.
1L
' . . a fi ceQ all eQ.ns,S.
u. ",.: Alit> fba/be Oe"'l1 YOII: v<f, anD vc vn'bel 0o!lSf/.rctl)t 11
laco; .. fnoef, 4nl> il "nto vou. Sorwbofoc!)er ("ulers of Ille
1'U.llq. 'O'olOe. I.,
I it 1941b, Optn'b ;9G Ib,r, tnV man monge)'OlI ...
wolbe proffer fonn, a tione aFt1> or
profferbim 4 frrpenl; ;9f ftc 1 b,(piCC iQe
artfl>lc/can (le!)c to )'Ollr< d)yll>rm gall> mod)e WOllle
. morrf!)all io in 9tl>'1 grl)( gooll I
1Lu. . 10 t9al aFe
tl'941 fOfI) yc \I)o/bc m," bOlo
)' 011 1 "'tII fo 'bo Y' to ie t!>e 14U'Jc an'b Ille
pbmf. .
l!..UFiij. trllnlr, ill alt Ibc /lrairc yMt: for tIl)'be i,; yate / an'b
broabc )'0 tbr ma)'c leaDclb 10 bc/lrllccion: anb man),
/ wbyd) at. Sor ti"4irc vate I an!!
an\) fCAwe
rc
mar.l1iij tr!3c t'OAre of falec proP9tftf/ w9id) comtto ),011/ in fb'"
i"' "9, p'G I bill illll?Arl>ly arc ra",nYI1Oc wolllee.
u. v.. motllr tpcm 90 10m gabbre grM
ptO of ofbrym6:'\f "'"fo ell"), goo1> trccl
br)'ngtlb forrb ga>'b frllte.!3111 a corruptt trcc/brin(lcrb for"
frult . :z! ga>'b tret cAnnotbringe bat>befrlltc:
mr)'tf Aba1>be I<c((an bringc lEuer,r"tl
blingflb notforrj)ga>'b frurc/f}albe
rAil in 10 'by tbere (rule 1t OAf( tl1()'Q)t
Ibcrn. Alllber fa)l(I)"to lIIe/mallcr/IIIAtier /19411
(nIt( in 10 Ij)t fJ'T1gbOIll of btl>en: .l3l1t be IbAI (ulfil(elb
tn)' w)'!1 i& in be!)en. w,,1 fA)'e .10
me in IbM bAyt 11II4ti,,/mAllcr I we nOI in mu"(
propbffytb1allb ,n tbvnAmc bAlle wtnorrcatiout
Allb in Iby nallle bAlle t'Ot norr bOllt many tnyraelee
.:?lnb tben t'Oyll 3 fnow/eggt llnlO Ibat:) ntllerfn,,,,
Wt from mt!ye WOlfert! of iniquile.
zuas (OUlt 2'1>.,. i .
l!..ur. 'I) .
I mod}( pcopfc(o,
cii 41(pt'( /4nl> roor,

b;( purt boob
imelli<ltl, by5
"nlo
hi
....
fo
'\, Ibou r,lIno
e. So.i;.
(omt/ anb bf comctl):antl to
Ib marw),l,b I anll
(aib 3 fc)' tll1ro
nott foiitle fogrcarfa},rl):no/not i vfradL 3 fot)' mto
you I JlJ4I1V (1)411 come from anb trft/i I 4nb (bAli
rcfiwnb Anll3acob I in rl>< of
Ibe d)illl:< fmgtlNn f!lalbe c4/i out Ulto tl><
b,rfnce I tlJuefl)albtwepigc Anll gnaffj)ingof
fa)'ll "nto I:J( <nnlrionl go WAve 14nll4G
bAli btle"e'b fobe fcr"aiitWAG Oot:mtun'on.

:ti!lar.i ([2/nt'> 3efue ",entintopftcreboll(fclanbf4mcbie "')'wo
bc.iiij fel>1f I roud),b berbanbel Mb
f<l"t Iffli f\lC 4rofel Anb mini/ireb "litO parte lin "lIIlcrcap9
come tbe b:ougbt mto !lim man, ta,Df
po(fcffeb ",it\)bct>),II'j'/Anbbcc4/i out tl>< fpiritee
",orbe/anb bealct'> all wmflcre/to fulfill
id}",ae fprofmb), \Efa)' rb<propbctfaing<: on \lim
lu(.(r Ollre infirmrce/4nll b4re oure ficfne(fce.
(l 3efile f4we mod}c peoplc abOll1 biml comm4l1n::
bib to !1o oX>trrl><tt'atCT.2/nb tbcrc(Am 4 (criOcMb (4b
tol)int: malin I mbytb<r(lImme,,"
gotli. 2/nt'> 3ejile f411> mtobim:tl>c fo}:ce \loltol Mll
br,bbi' Aicr ne/ieol fonncoftb< mM
not "'bere en to levcb6 Qn, of\1re
feyb "nto ""m: fUffre JIll fyrfi:t to go 4nb
.. bury< "nlO folotr< mel 4nll
let tbe bccbbur,. ... buric
entreb i 10 a/lwpp</41t:1 'bifCjplee foloml'b \lim/ 90mcp.ctcnl> seer
luc. :!Inb arofe 4 greAtc l1ont1e m rbc fce/in fomod)e Itbat ",crkd,.cQU(c
tbe j>bttlitb wa"cel 2/n'b
blf"plce cam biml nJA" lI(: but lQI,iQC(ig1
I1cr/fCl'" 1>61_ :3'nll befAib "oto Ibem: U>!' 4rce nif(ttll/ tl]at
,e cnbcweb wilj)l"td \le 4Nfe I Anll ",emf arc beet> anb
rebufcb I!>c tl'j>nb'j' anblbe fee 14nll rberc rolomell 4 greatt looQ.
C4Inl<.41nb men m4rl>cyllcb Anb m4n ie
U>lnbf Anb fcccbc,
If
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2!l)in o't. WIlIl

cUofpcU of
fI 21nl> (omtto of ..
t!>e grcg,(cne1/d)crc mer m>0 polfcffcb .9"1.
out of u>ere out of meAfurt f'rtcel fo tPAt
no mAn by wA)'e. ery,bollrtilyruo
Il<; q) .qiJ of to bo witb
come b)'t9trtorormit
f( WAG A IlcobU>Aye offTom A greaft 9ccrb oflWynt f
binlft. fA)'ngt: eAthe
cur I fuffrc 05 to go CDrt U>A)'e into d)t 9ccrb cf fttl)'ne. 2!nb
be ""to t9cm:go )'OUrt WAYC!!. u>tnuge,. cut I
2!nb 10 / allt9c\)mbofjrorne
lX'Ae (Al')'tb oiolret ito tbt in ryt
tbc9cerbmi/flccb U>CttbcrtU>A),6 ito cite/':

repolfelfcb 2!nb 10/Alltbt circelt out IAnb met
bcfoulf9t9im/to
te
.
fib ht tutrtb into tht fhippt: . ..
Anb pAt'f<b owr Anb CAm in to bie All'II' eire.2!nt> 1."".
10 / t!lcy inoug9tPlltO "im A",An lIefe of tbe pal_
(cl'f/yingtin!>i6beb. 21nb "'9tn3. fu6fAroc
rc f ... tll/befAib tod)ejCefc Oftge p4lf.,.: fonnc be ofgco!> e9tf
re/tbYlinnt6 Arc fOI)'cocn d)e. 2!nb/oceruynt oftbc ferib(6
f.:.bin rbem fdot61 bt U>9e3efue f"rot
rc ,((o),U in ),Ollr< butf
t'j':1.'D9trl),rY6tf)'ccto fAye/tbif)'nne6Ar fO:)'tl'Cn 19t/ or to
fA)'c:A ryfcAnbw4Ifa9At )'tmA)'t mOll't Itb4!t9c fcn", of
mAn 9Atl)< poa><rIO fo:y.l>C f),fi.e bemtNi)t
(i .. fll' pAlt<y: ar)'ft l t4ft ,,!,pt tbi beb / Anb gobo,", to
boulTc .21nb 4rot< ant> btpartcb to
pcopr' tbat fAroc I ",Aroeyfltb "nb grQrif\cb gob /
!ltVtll (udJt pown to IOtn.
3,
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ne !PI'rilt61 10 OUII 4n Hl4nntr offid:::
ntffe& I 411
Xu.1'i. n4mc&oftbc rij.4pof/le6 are firfl 6imon
ie calleb p(Ier:anll2tnbrtn>t
fonne 3b3 4nb &1IC$
mrn>t.bOm4& 4nb publicAn.34mee"'" foiic
of alp"e ,al/,b of
,"ane/anb 3uba& ifc4riot!>/n>!>icl, 41fo berraycb !>im.
'!!.II iT cref
e
,rij.f
cnt
3'fu&/Anb commAunbeb fA}'n!!c. <500
. . nottin to t!>e waye& I"At [cabao tbc!!cntyl& / Anbin totll
citt6 famcritAn6 tntre ),enott: 13ur!!o rMllwcnro til
lcof/fl/cpc ofllle ofifra!>d. 03c0 anb prcAd}c fa,,"!!c: 1I0f
w( t!>e I'ynobom ofbe\?C11 y& Attpon1)c.,Be41c
fc t", 1)'ptr&/ rt)'(C t",b,(1)/(4f} out Ibc bc""ll1.
I'CfeccA\?cb/ frdy O'I'e AjJeynt. pofft& nOlI golbe Inor fy[" bt!'onoer12detco
\?tr/ner",r brafft in youre nor ytt feryppc menly rflty 11111>< a(
),oure iornt),. rietb" tulo (oMf I ntt!>erflJllt& I nor yer A Wtllb'.(fn moneft
robbe:50r tbe n>or,fman j'&n>ort!>v to !>ave!>,1>& Imace. 3n lIS of so\\)( 1 (t
lv
".
10 w"at tilmmcl?ercitc l or toune )',f9allcom, I inqu)'rt n>"o
i6 wort", in it I anbl"m abybuvll ye go (rom t"tnCt.
7Luc.,r. cr2tnb n>l)e Vt comc in to a!>ouffc jJrtte 2tnb
"ouff ben>ort"ylyoIiN peaccfllAU comc \?PPO r"c famc.13l1t
(fIt b, tOVOU 4gA)'IIC.
2Cnb norr ),our(
n>"m )" bepArrc out of t"at "ouffe/or t"At citc/
f!>Afc of t"e .. bolie of "ollre fm. rul)')' fay, ..,nto )'011 / "it t12u
f\>albe eaf)'tr fort"c lonbe of 5Qboma/Anb gommorra lin t!>, t.ke n'o: '12n6'
b4ye for erre. (0 mO'flrtl19
fIl!.oly j(nbt )'ou a monge n>Oh)(fo.13t)'( IIr f' fl10k, of
fore wyfe 4& (erpmttfl Anb innoctnt a& 1)01>e6. 13c wart of \'trr Dulle From fof
counf4illf / anb f"411
fcl,oul1l
c
VOu in tbm fyn4g0l19f. 2nb ,C to noqot,;
tbt bttb ru'ere Aub f,nll1 for n>itn,6(O anb lue awne p,olfit:
to tl)e
([ 13ut tbey PUt )'OU "P IAft no 101'
,e r!laU(p'4fc If 02 it (!)alb, gell)'ll)'Ou ,..,tn fAme
f9AUfa)' it i6 nortye t9AtfpcAft
t Iq
lbt (!)ofpt!l.of
(piritl ofVOllt't wo)'d) fpraftl!Ji"vcn. ir!Jtbrotbtr
r!J.1l 10 19' fMl),r lI)c fonnt.
ci)yll>r." aryfc agtyn/ilbtrt I anI> mo,
19,re/Jnb (ball 1'011 t\ltm 10 betl"lanb ye r!J.lbt bMcllojf
.11 .. rl)"ll conl)'tlU(
tbr <nb'/fbalbe fa",I>.
)'OU in roonc citc I lI),r into anotb...
1< fynllQt. 310U ,Oil lOt a triUl"I)'e (l)al! nClt. f)'tl,fi9r all tl)t cite60f
JJ
, ii.rv
:lO;>.1 ye / f' 0)1t\1 ifrabcl/lyll 19c lorme of man baomt.i(1), birdpl, y6 nott a.
nott i;!nllfCovcrrrb bi&m./icr; abo!)e bi"lo,I> 3t i6
01 ptCllei?el>. vnouob fort", bi(cipltto b, a6 ma/icrytl l anb t9al Ibc
fe...,"nnl b, a6 9i"lor!>, ),G. :rfl!Jcy Il)dorbe olf
Ibc boufTe btd;t bub; bowe mod)e morc r!Ja1i tl)c)' call19,m
ofbie bou(!11t1t fcaret!>.m nolt t9m forr.
t[ll)mi6no tbingcfodofc/lbal (ballnatt beopellllcb l anb
florbin{!c fo bibl Ibal fball nott be mom",.
tdl you ibmfn,,,/t"al fp,arc),t i Iygbt.antl "'bat
'c !>c ... ill t!lt car< Ibal pltad)e y. on tbe boniTe loppce.
tor<y Opl, t[</Ilb (tart )'t nOlI Ibem robid) f)'11 Ibtbotl), I anbbe nNt
.blt 10 frlll!>e foule.13l1t bim / \'Obi<l} i" ablt to
;)e(lrope botbe fouleanl) bolly in bell . .2(re nottroo
for a f.rrbirtgct :lint> "one cf d) CIt 1 Iygbr on tbe
{!rOllnlle/roitb CUt :!fnb nowt arc <lUt!)t b""1
of yotlre bccllnllmbrt". 5 rc )'< "or .re of lIle_
re "alllc/tben many fp.rrorot6. ..'
fotl)" rnoU'l<gclb ntc b<for<
:3 fnowle{!{!e btfore myf.lbcrin b<I)'.l3m fball
bm\'e me bcfore menll)im lX'ill 3 alfo ben)'e before III)' fall)"
tl'1)i<l})'6 in
t[l9ynf am fmbt p(4Ctin 10 1getrtb. l!uc.rij
:3 cam 110ttro fenb pr.ee I bUlafwearbt. 50r)' antcomtro
(crta man Mtl)<lr),4nncc ag<),n(l bi6f4tbtr l anbl9<
rrr agtynfrb<r mor"'r l anb tbe llou{!!JtmI4wf ageirt/i
motbrrd.roc:21n'll a manne6fa><6 f941be Ilbe)' ofbi6 orone
1)ou(l,olbt. . 1!. ....
I[ Be Ib4r lo"ilbbiofatbtr lor 1),6 nclt u.rnq
worll/rof 1I1<.21/1b 9Cfb4r looerbbio fOiie/or'llonc!Jbtcr
"
<Vofpdl of
t:3 tdT.. tl)lItV&rJlefft in fyn(lbom offl)('()wl v6 !fretter lu.J,i.
l[.QatiB .i.ClzUlk. tl)enbe.Srom tbtt)' me of3bobaptif}l)jtl)trto fvnS
bo
'
me ofl)(,,(/I rbtV tl)Cot I>VOlmct
. pullul) it to Sor tr,eplopr,ct1/ anb (<lUlt
-I< 1;holt'!c
r
< . . M pr,tfvcb I>ntO 11)' Iyme of3"on. 21lfo vf yt w)'l/rrct<lI>C
.. IlL .",,,, I'" a. .. .. .. .. .
"'tnail' so(pt! 1"),6),6,,e.y<l" vC co.m. "(.>u"Cot,,<lt,,e
riley tl/mlte in nO'l l)t4re wl)lII) 411/l<ttl),"1 b'4rc. l.t.
([13utw\lcarc "nto (1).t1l3 Iyfen tl)i6 j$mcr4cinot it
:Jro to
raft a lIIan ,n
ttlz .
fc 0010 d)ylbrifml)ici)fyt i I!><tnarf<tt/-rc<lll "ntotl)erc fdO" 111. ..
wellI1f<lYc:wc b<ll>tp)'pcb "nlo VOu/1J'tI)CI'" nott b<lfif<b/lllf
I)CI"C momcb ,,"10 you! .tnb Vt 1)4"'; nonfotOw,b. 50r31)0n
ca/ nor b1vnfynge / ul)cy (4)'t/l)el>cul) Ibe bf.
foiie of mii ca anb
b,l)oIbe <l gluIIon/,\IIb a brvnfer of rovne/ anb 4 frenbt 1>1110
publicotnll/4nb fynmre. 21nb It'),j"bomc )'6 iUllifieb
I)etol'pbr4yblbt ciUll/i 11)( w9id)e llleo/lc Ofl)V6
luf
.
J
.
m,r<lclee wtrbonc/becauf< tbe)' lI)'b nOltrepir. roo be
cl)ora{i.tl)obt to tl>t yft!), mYlotcle6wbid)UlC<
re fI)(\l)eb ivou/ I)ab bcnebonei lyre anb in fybO:tbcy roolbt
i)CI"er'p"eb loge "gone i (<<cfeclotl)/Clnb i
kjf'9fave"nro you/it(1)alb.eotf"cr for t)'rt 1 ("bO/ attbebay!
of illb(lema/I"en fOl VOII.:z[nb t"ou c,1p<maii/m"id) art, Iyfr
"pp' ,,"ro I}'''tIl/f!>alr be buntto '"Vi
r"e/ee "a", bem boneintl)cl9ab bene 19=<b
t"" j)4brcmaVn,b totl,6 baye; llIItO
you/t"aritjI)4Ib, ca("crfor ofiub(l,,"a/
tl)tIl 3,full ';lIfmmb allb (ay"" 3
ofi)t"en Allb m9 / be caufe (1)011
tl)illlJ"ffl"om wvf' anb prllbclltlanl> ball openeb I"ml URi
to bab'll / ,"'n(o farb,r/ forro it plcafeb t!>c. 2111 tl)ynlfj' Art
(Ie"," "nlo nt, of my f at!>.r /21nb no lIIan fnoll>ct" tl)e fon"el
blllt!>, fCltl)cr I'nOWtt!) env ma t"efCltI),r/ f"", I", to.
ne/"nb l>etoltll>cm rb' fonne UI)'lIopm !>int.
4Ijoll1c "nto lIIeall y. Jau" al"c1ab<lanb 3 W)'U
(4f' my)'ear, on ),ou/"nblerne cf me Ifor), alii m,l
.,1,"1" lowly illl)erl.; Anbye fl)all fyllbctafe ""to)' cure (ou
i
'6
o ;tllMbcw.
Irs my ys Iygbt.

b<ale'b19( 411.4n!) d)arl1eb I"i rb.u/I",t(bulbcnOtll1aft bim
'nowtn/lo (ulfvl! t"4IWbic!) '004" fpof. by lff4t 1g
e
lEf.i,.
nIy toone/ro90 3 c!)of<n/my, b.er. rlq.
Iinge/in wl)om mytonle !>ab NIne.] WVIl put my IplrI<
Ie on M'b f!loll (beroc iubg<luml to 9m1l'16. (Jr
fi,all not not fl>all tny man art
"oyecin I,,freer)' /<1 bNfell 'be 119411 bmot bTeaef. / z
10 burne (lJali notquic!)e/lyll (en.
forr" iul>gcm<nl "mo "klory / aub ill 9Y" nanle (\lall
genryl" trutk
I:l",w<1" b,ougbl 10 "ym/\"OonpofftfTcb mIll <1be"yU
I'd) W<10 bot" blynl>c <1nb l>oi;; / anl> "ealcl> "illl/in fomod,)
Ibat I)c w"ic!) ro<16 blynl> anb bon, / bOlb fpaf. faUlr. :2tnb
411 <!Ie people Ultl'e <1mafr'b/anl> faYl>c:;96 not Ibr folie of
b4"il):ro"en p!larife6 "rrl><l1)41/ I!>ey fa vbe:'" l>rYl1rtf)
lI)e l>e".I'16"0 nOI!>,r wifC Ollle/bul bv I". off bdfcbub
Ij)!>efcof I"e be",,1!1. iii.
I:13ul3efu0 m"t>u!>eretl)oulY"rr /anl> fa,'O(lol"i. lfl'trY]!n.Ii.
.Be(oIatc. fynlJ'llollcuybrb Ulirb in it fvlfe ,!>albe" l>cfolaleX'Irlbtr (baU
fO _ft<bl enyeile l)e"yl>el> ayif!irfylfc/eorynlld3o
ran cali oU1farall/r!1t11 y& aycnfC bim fylfe.
t to IIOU t. l\'Iefball I". "ye- tyn9bo yby Il)r"rlppe ofbrl'
5cbllbcaliolllb.l'yl,,: bp YOllre
0 6001i' . oUI:'tbrrfor, )'our< illbgce:13ur if3eaf/ 0111
'sr"' OSty"li'e be"Vle bV fpiritr of lYob: t!l,m fyngbom
',olr (0,"' on
'(fng' (["' ..... ,1' bo,'VecCi a rna enlre in 10 a mV9btp mannC6 I
gnb I)ya 'I'
wl]mrl}otbyb,tt,>1 an'b "!,o/<n,,,yrllf, <1 l\'Ill)'t bie tloobb1 )'I'ctppt< fvrfC b)'ll<
;0 no rimel>\' .f(yn. be rbe f/rollgtltla/ Illlb rbm (poyl, b,e boujfr.,8cr"AII6 nol
'Ol it "IWI roilb aytnll, '"" 2!tll) be nor roil" "It/
nft foytl) / w!?t"l fa ob,oal><. ro"rrfor< 3 rety' ,mto you/all mii,1' of (r"'le.r
allb bl<1fpb'IIIY(Qalbe foryet,tn l>nlolllCt1/bullb, iii ..
'1\"A'ftl filytll ayiltr Ip' "olyO not be fory<;,,_" ""10_
tntre yn/ino all a worb, ety,"lic Ib'Ioneofma /IIfl>albe
n,sl>tpartt. . fory'''tn pim:bm aytnli, Ibe l)olr
wit .... :eRrI,ew itfllall tlOI be foryell'" Ulorlb,
I4fttl) I}ert n'tl],r Ill' 10 COIII<.
"
6. So.,iiij. .

I!>C rret goob / Anb bie frutt I1cobe Alfo I or tltr fByllr
I!>e rm (".!'1I1 7 I>"e frurc evyll olfo. 50rrl>c 1m ie til"" is in txlungcr off
n>r bV 9"e frurt.(1) of"ipcrj'/!>oroe ",n Ve fa"c roc. eternoll odn"cion.
1!lIe. W. lc/wbm Ve youre fcll>tear II>' Aboiiballn" of rbc .. .avipcr I'" .rrtt
!>mc mom!) fpeafcr!).2111cob man our ofr!>c macr of on a011
re ofb)?e I.<rle/br"n"<tb fortI. 1><r.90 ys wo.mc
l' T " y., "" moftndlofpoyfon.
outof!>i& c",,11 brYl1gerl> fortb e"yl t9"I111te. ur 3
faVt "nlo ,0u/t!)illofClltry yb,1I mtn
fpofi/I!>., tbAII gCl>< acoprf "t rbe boyc ofiubBcmft. SOt bv :bm Inay ye ( rl;!
rbv roorbe& I!>eU illf/),/ycl>;Anb b)' tby wolbee t"ou at WO.oes 11>COe9
",.ut bcconb.mpnrb. !ledore ollrworblr
:rio. Ii t I. b wQl1t am. ya wir12
f[""y<an rocrybccrt<1),ng. rrv.io
il1gr;tTI .. f/ft /roc U'Olbcf.1Y'IC fc a fvene oft"c ./Oe anfwmb ca wirl? liym o. 09'
viij. t!>ifavnge. I!>e .""U ilnb abllourrolle gcncraeio f.fel!) f"g: crnft
2!.ue.1i. I1r/bun9m rl><11/ no fygne be gev< "nto r!>cm/bur r!>e fYBne tQtrmokt IIi",
of I!)' prop!><t 3onae. 50rae30noe rooo iijboyce/7iij ny' 00 no. bool Bsrlie
g!>tee/i t!>ol'!>4<1111 bdlv:fo f"<111 e!>e fone of mii btiij bo)?ta
. anb iij i mi of nini".l'lef!lall mokerQere
:Jon .. rrfe anllc3llipm SCOI> IIQr baD.
rcpcnteb <11t
bolt>e <lllreo!terd)en30n<1e ytlbert.
j1)al/ r,fe or r!>,boycofiubgll1rr wir!> r!>ie gcncraciMl/ anb
iij.rcg., f!>AlI eonblpneti)em;5or fbe cam from d)< "m,ofle
of roorlbe/to wyfDom or 601oll1Of1.21nb
bt ye OIgu4tm9<n 6010moo.
f[\X)bcn mdene fprite ie lIone oUlof 4 mi\n / be roalfub
tbroug!>eutt bre!, plaCt6 / fef"Mge r<efl/anb
!>,fart!): 3wyll retume 4!je)'nc into my !>ouffc /frol1l
robcncc3 ciiout.21nb w!>," !>eUs come/!>efynbetbrr!>e
ufJi emptc/ onbfroept / '{ben pegoetp
tl'aY' /.1l1blaftcp. "q.fpirirj'roorjfa!)< b,m f"lfe /anb fo (I1ftr
Ibcr in ant> mii i5 roorffr tbe
tbe'beBynnyn!Je.lf\>tn f. fboll it be to frowerb narion.
f[\X)i)yll"e ,cttaIM. bebolbc / pyemotper
,,, tt'ilp out tpe borc&/bcfyrmlJttofpeofr
iu a;;ijq witl> bim. [brn \'Oon "nro l>il1l : bc!>olbe tby motper
. . bm!>rc flob. roil!> out/bcfyryn{lc to
J ' q
41

S' onf"'tr,b anb rEibdo b1m, J'S my
4r' '"Y brttl),rtnt:l1nb
o",r bi6l>ifc;plt6/onb ro ,;,,, l3e"01bf Iny (lnl>
m, brtlbrtll.Sor ,,, .. m,
cIJ ,,, in y,;my / m, furtcr/ anb mv motllcr.
42
6.
wt)'fb ","oll:Z/n'tlthtrfart6lX'n bull of an!>tbfr
f( rbm 11.sl an!>
wilb 19.r. (4rf6Iall!> fpu/b. ,'nbtr/ton!>. wllb Ib<r(
bernf/anb fpll/b< rourll<ltbat p '"reb
l
bfa/.lb'"'
I13111 b/eIT,b.r f<1 <lnb VOllr. tam11 for
"",b,art. Vm/,,3farnmto Nil Ilbal man, p,opbtttf
anbptrfaicttntm bA'" blf,r,b tOf( ,< f<11
ba", nOIf(nttbfm; anb 10 tbO Ibinl'lf t"bid} J"
anl>ba"tnolberN Ibm.B<<lr, J" Ibm fort tlJt fimililub. of
""fown. \l)bm ama Ib' "'O'!>I of Ib' fynl'l!>omf/
an<>on!>tr/tonbflb ilnolt: Ib.rf ccm<rb Ib' ,,,,II ilia/an!> (Ik<
Id./tlbllwa,uboll Wbid} WAS fowmin b,e 21nl> tI),& (f.b)'6
WAS fOwn. by tbf WA" f, be .13ul b, 19
a1
(owen
tmtin Ibr/ton, orounbf/,e bt/U?bid} wor!>. dzt woO, of
lIol)/Anb anon tl'ilb iOrrrutA".t9 itl ,tl bAlb bl no r>ttj'tn !lot>.
I)imf<ljft/An!>lbmfo1<bfburflb but a (f4fon:(or 4e foonl a6
trtbulAcion 0' p.rffCllcioll Ar,fub bt (IIIIf. of Ib,U?ot!>t I b,,,,
an", ht tbAI wae fowm 4 monl'l'
l!I4t btArilb morbt of Mill bultb' C4rl of worlb./
an<> lbi biffA,tfidn,,, of rrd}.e dJoft lb' morbt / Anl> (0,,13 91
mal>t "nfrurtilli. Wbid} i6 fown. inl"t I'I<x>b I'Ironn!>l/
,ebt/tbAlb,aritb tbi wor!>, 4nl> t>nbtrftonbttl)
fob,riIHrUI< / AIIl> br,,"I'I' An folbf/fum
f,(I,(.Ib</4Ilb ft'nttb,rt)' folb.. .
PUt I"nto fA,inl'l',
F,nll<bonl ofb'''tn ),6lyFt "nto II mAn wbid}fowrb l'loobfct"
!lfin felbr . .l3ut ",byll men jJrptt / CAm An!> 11' ockk
WA)' ro::
blab.U?A& fpronl'l'"p/Anb
pllrybtbtl4Yt6A1fo.lbtf'rtlaunt'j'cAIIt to
4nb roybt onto bim. 6,r fOWtb,/t not rtfb tnlb"
cfofj(/frorn wb.ncttbm IArt6't fa"b. to tbrm /
,nnOU6 lIIan bAtb bon. lI)ieJl:btn ftr"Auntf f4,bt mto
!ltm:m,It,bolllbtlt IbAItt>rlloanbl'l.bbtrit '! Anl> (4)'btl
go ,bollte to ""blout !pctArte/!f plllctt
tbtro!t1; 1ft bot!1tgrowc
to g,lbtrt,,, (um/ Anb in Iym< OfbArt'tll1:3 "',u fM
5 iii
43
So. r\?i.
(ttJ'llgc wb< bt one pre'" t7-
ciOU6 t7- p.<lrlc/ went <lnb (011:>< <llltbAtb< bAb /1 bougb
t
It/ dlro tilt e'l'igriion.
([21g'J'II</tbcf,nS1:>OIll offb ... 'tn ielyf. vnto II n.ttcAllin ro
,/rbAt gAbbretj) of AU h>nb10f fyf1l;ce;rj)< wbid) wbi it
io fllll / mi blllW< to lobe/Anb (it <lnb gAbr< tbc{\cob mro Ib'"
r' ",ffd6/<lnbcAfltb< bolb AW<lj?( .eo fb<lllit be IItt9
cfllb
< of
r9'TOol/be. irb<4ngcle (1)4UCO",' "nb(ev(rr9' b<lbfrom r9
t
l!cob / Anb fl>(llIc4Ihbtm in to A furnee of fprel r9m I9Albe
Wllylmg, Anb{\nAf1VJ'II{\' of Ift9'
ff.3tli.efAyb(t'nrorb<m:!>4", y< "n'buflon'b<
{\1:1j,., f<lib, yt fvr.lj).n fllybcj,e \>nro tt'fr"
(cr)'be wbid) i6eonyng( ""to Ibt fynebolll ofb<"./Ie (,Fe (In
IWbid) brJ'IIget\!fortb lour ofb),e In Afurtl oj( 01DM12t lawe.
G1 bol!>e .. nC1l>C (lllb olbe. 11<\1><111], gorpeu/
fr2lllb9),/eAnJlO P<lff< mbl3,fu& bAb fynmlTj)c'b oltvsngdioll.
btbtf'4rttb Ibcnct/<lnb c(lm in 10 \lie awn, co"
IIntre / 41lb t4ugbl ill rbucf)'nagoe91 l in (0 mod)e rbarr!>."
'l!ll WUf 4fillnyc'b/An'b faibc;w9f11cC ca 4I1rb),6w,(bii 4nb po:::
WU "nro bim+'ie norrbyerbcc4rpitcre i6 not bye
, c411ebIll4rr.Anbb1ebrcr9r<n b< cAllcb/3amce 4nb 30"
f.e 4nb eymon 4nb 3Ilbll6+,anl:> arc not bye f"fiere ai/ \Icrt
wit9 ",,-;'W9(1I(' !>Atb bt <llltb<f' 3nlllb'r w .. '"
burt. by bim.l!:bc3.fu& fAr'b( vnrolbtm:rbm ie no prop!>el
Dilb OUI \Ionou((/f4", in bye 4wnfCountrc/anb 4mogt by ..
fynnc.3nb not! m),r4c1,e for
mbd<fce f/lk

\11.

<6olpdl of
fcareb people/be cauf' 46" ",
trW!>cn !>erobf bvrr!> l)ay, m"& come U,I"q,
by,,& baunfr!) before t"em/Mb plcafy!) btrobt. be
promyfybmit!>an* I tl)"tbcUlOlbtgttlt ba mb4t
Dcr OJe "'010, ".re. 2rn!)f!,e bcyngc cnfcrmcb olf!><r
bcfolc/faYN ytl)emc I)cre3b3 bapnft1 bee'(>in a plattcr.2rnb
tbe r"ngc IONtNl):ncwrr!><lrfTc for
faPe& W!>id) fa((alfo Aubctablc/!>rcomaun!)rb !>itro be gr".
fent tIIIb bfl)e'(>'(>eb 3bon in t!le pr(fon; all'(> "i& !lnb
I\>a<l I'n a pl4ttfr. Mb y(1)(" to t!l( '(>amfdl l
brou"btb,t to 2rnb !>i<lbifclplc&cam/anb tof.
"PP( by& bOby 141 nb buryeb n>cnt anb tolbe 3rfu&.
trWben 3b<flls !>ab btrb btpArtfb by
into a btfertplacc Ollt( oft!>c wayr.21nb 11'9en pcopl.
(!>mof /t!>cfolombc 9im" focc
3cf06 mcntforr!> anbfalllc mo41c people; all!) bi& !>crtr b)'!)(
mdtcl>ppontbilanb!>( of t!><mtWe tbatll'Crefiefr,
\l)!1m (1)(n lila" cuml!>i"bifcipl(" cam to fayin"e
" A bcfert i& fpent/ Ifttbcpecplc btpartc
n,aube mayc go in to (!>ncune,,1 anbbr), r\1cm "yttallf. ,
l3ut 3'fu6f",be betl>e no ncabt to go a",a' mor. ':"
FC:(!;'1>')1( t!>cm to tbe I>ut09im: 11'(
bert but.".loDC& I Mb rn>c fyfT!!c". I ,(on,o ..
lJybt!><r to !>"omaun!)cb I t!>t peol'lcto fyt
on "raf!e/Anbtofct!>,.".lo'l>(,,/anbn,dj.fytT\)C& I anb
tyb "Ppc to b(1)(nlanb blcfTcbl anb braft I M!) gA"'t!)C 10"'6
10 bifciplc6/anb tbe bWciple& IIIl'l>(tJ,i totb.pcoplt.21
nb
all ate I anb mcr fil/fyJib. :]Inb t!ltN,Clbrcb t'pPC cf
b4:,fct1fiIU. r\1ett IItc wer III
nobrt abolltc.". m. mcn/b.f,bbc" tI>tIIImAnb
Il'Il}'C 3cfu6 n"be bifciplt6tntrt in ro
.J. (I f\>ippe/anb to goO"" bcfort biml people
tl2e ama}'c.
olD. tfm. was ment "P Itt to Ilmollnta}'n,( alont to prll}'C. wbm nygbt
"iDCb intoiiij mD."cum/be mll6t!)m \lIme (yffe alone .anb O,)yppc ma5 ,
rtCri' f onD ta:> tV,." in tbe m!)bi' cf tbl (ft / anb wa& to)Ofi wit!) m""e& I for bir31m;,," U I :
"aTer W4S sevyn wa64 3(1 ),,",0' ,
IQI20llrtS.
46
<Ott JU. iCbapttr.
ibm cam to
47
trb. <So(pdl of
is roure trltllicion6. ;Ypocryti'redl .
of)'Ou/ (fit)' fltyin!le:l"!>i& II),'
10 Ib.r. Iyppcs/ ru.
rer <bere perte i6 fcrr. fro 1II(:bllr i "Ayne Ihe
ttltd)ill!Je i"lIolbynG< butmell& prtctpreu.
f[21l1b (ltllell rbe peopl. tllto bim/anb (ltyb. 10
rt4nll"nberttonbe. mo09t91bc
f"lerl) 1I0r 4 m<to : bur r,,<l1 wbid} olltofll).
llcfy1clb Il>C m<ln. .
I)y" bi("plc& / <lnb (<I"b< "nlo bil": pfrCr<l",1t
. 1&4t tb< <Ire offell!>eb b'<lringr Ibyr41<'
Xralliaolll) ofm,n in!'le:,ecltnl"'crd'/<lIIl> f<l"bt:<l1I pl<lntt6 mv
mllltc f .. ,learr non pl<lnl,b / fll -Ibc plllefeb "X'b( by t!le rott<; :
11IIt:\!ol>f WOIl> I'f" j;" "'f
n .. r. .Il.<ftt.)< Itlone/tye)' bUge bl),lIb<lebb<r& 0 I . e blynbt.,..,
blynbc Ill. Ibe blynllc/bcotl>' "'<Ill f<lll
.tn(wmb pmr <lnllf<lyb to billl,btd41'e "nlo ",; Ib)'tl1!.u. "i.
p<lra bit. 3<I"U6:<lrt Y')1C1l ontm
bing':perCl"c ye !lOtI!> in M 19'
IItb/be(cmlltlb / .tnbYGC4f1 out ill 10 rb<
I!>ingf "'l>id} out of I!)e 1I101l[19t
(ome from Ibt l:Iyifyle It 10411. Sor 0111 of
!Jert. / lIl11rllcr/ brrltfyng of U)etllocft /
ro!)orl>3!t!)fle/falccwitnes berYllfl< /bla brf' are
w9id} befYl. 4 man.Bllt to calc witll ""'l>elf"rn
bonbte/bcfyltlb nott41 mall.
[:.?lnll 3epiG 1l'tnubmcc/ 4nbbcp4rleb inro I/)e cofti' of tirc
4I1bfillon.2tnb <I U)oltl<i "'9id)'\1a&4 canan,Ie (ltrn vq
oUlofr", f<lmt cQ:ltif/Mb cry<bl>Otobiml(ltyngc:
cy on lOt lorlle I be fo;;t ofbltuill/m,. bOllgbl,r i6 PJ'tIOu/l)' u. ,
J'ebwit!J 4111e""IL2Inllbe (l41tltl)cmn><ra n>orbuo an(wer.
(!;!)'" cam 10 bim bye bifopleGI anb bc(oll9br bim (l1yrn{le:
fmb ber aro<l)'< / for f\)t folotll) l>G cryingr. Itnfwtr<b/
allb fayll,,3 am lIortfml/bllt vnto 1I).lcoti (!).pc ofr!>.boll/Tt
!Jim/rayingt: rn4<
(irrf"cr,rmc: Se anfwtrcllanb faille: il)'6 nOlgrob / to laf.
tb- c\Jilbren6 bwbj-. rocAIl ir 10 anfwereb allb
faibe: it jr. I n<\)trt!>dejft Ib( wl,tlppu; cat, offtbt
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lillmb anb ,,"10 room an / be
tpc/,,,rn a6 bcfyreff.2tnll bcr a>46 m4"
4t cbar tamHymc.
t[irben3c(uG rowc nyc "nco
c!>< f .. of galrle/anllwcnl"ppdn co ",outayne/anb
2tnbmccbe pcoplecam"rnobym !>a"ynge roil I,
l\lcJ!1/!>alr/blynl)'lboffi/maymcb/ anb ocbermany: anb caft
cb,", hOllne al 3e(ue fetc. 21nh be b(aleb Ibtm l in fo mod;1c
fpeafe /c!>cmaym,ll
robolc / ann 'be balrro go I 11>' blynl>clo fC/ anb
gobofi(rabtl
4I3bcfua ca((ell bi6 bifcipl(610r,illl anbfaybc: ;3 bAI)(
vlq. pafllon on pcopl</be cau(c '9c)' 1>a"c contynll(b roicb IJI(
noroc iij.bare,;/anl:> ba,,( nod)ing< 10 (llwanb 3ro)'lInol I(t
Ib'lII :>cpartcfaf(ing< lefl' 19'Y p,rytT". in Ibe ro4y(.2tnl:> bi,;
blfciplc,;fail:> "nlobim:rob';ce ("ulbroe get fo lJIod;1( bretb in
a6f!Jull)c fulfyfC fo gr<lue II mulrirull,;anb
fUGfalbt "ncotbe: bow<lnan)'lol)('; !>al>')'c; AIIbrbcy fcYi)e:
rCl>' anb a fcaroe fy/T"c,;.2tnl:> bccolJlaunb(blb' pcople cofyc
boune on 'bc tofc 19' fCl>t 10l>C6/Allb tbt fyflbc6
AIIb ga,,( Ibanff / anb brafcrb,m/anbga"c to b,6 llifaplc6/
anl> bye 2tnb,,,caU atc/anb
II>ttc fi,ffyrcb.anb tott lof, "ppe of Ibc blOf< ,bacroll6
I'ftc "ij.ba6fctffull. ir'!>c, cbat ate rom iiij. m. m.n/ b,r,be
1l'cmcn anb d;1yll>rcn.2tnllb( fcnt 4>'Oa)'c t"epeople/anb lofe
r",ppe anb c am in co pam.6 of m"!'toal,,;
t:llt
-, Illibm rlhltlO IJimdJrp!pui(ts
;It VI.Q. alfo b)'btCptt //)c(,r.
uC,'F' ingcrbat fomcf,gn(fj-o
anb falbe ,,"co c!>em: 3, tlX!n
)'C fayClU'c f!1(1\t fayr( lI)(lll>cr fly(
tbe l1Iornig.:y( fl1Yc/co b4,e f!1"lbc foule U'cbbtr/11
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mAn/burJe(ue onl,.
([21n'oot0
)'C ("croctJ"e "yfion to no mAnI ryU
(onneofmAn bcryfm4g,ync 3n'ol)iebifcipl<e
a,t,b fcribe0! Bdya6
mufle fyr/f comtf.3cfue anfll)mb/4nb (4)'be'Ollto t!>em,b,.
I)'ote j1)otll (yrtfeomc/(lnb reflort otllt9in\ff. 2lnb 3fotye "nto
),ou/t\1at e<>me 3nb m<ll'C nottl
bllt ue bon, unro 1>illl n>1>atfO<"rrrbC)' lutteb. 3n lyI'e royfe
f\1411 (lIfo 11>' f"ii,of ma (ulfrc oftbem. bie bifciplce pm
((/lueb/tb4t bt (paF, unto of b 'pritt.
([3nb rotrcometo),e people/tbm caro !>im 4 m.
141"< "'4n/otnb meleb boune "ntobim f4\'in9r:n14(i<r
mere), on my fonne/for be ye trotnt)'Felan!>iefore
oftetymeef411ctbin totbef}7relotnbo(rc intorb' wAter/ Allb
)'b:ougbt bimro t!>ybifciple0/anb 9cale \lint.
3efu0an(ll>f1'cb IUlb f4ytlC. <Dgtlltrotcion fAyr!>I .. , !Al1b cro<
fcb;bot\)( j1)otll J be mrb YOII:boUlC longe f"AIl y (uf'
fer you:b:yngcbim by'ober ro m<.21n'o 3efllerebufeb rbe be-
,,)'II/otnb !>"4m out. 21l1b t9' d}ylbe WAS be4lcb "," tbMfa-
mel}our
nN
Xl)cc4ttbim Olle Jcple fAlbe "nto r!>em/bcc4u of ),Ollr< un
bel_.jo:) fotyc "crely ,,"royou/rf,c f4,tbe/ae 4!!t'a'
yne ofmuflrabc tceb/rc j1)ulbcf4yemrot!>ye mounta1"e/'"
mc",benetto ron'otrplacc!Anb!>e f"ulbt r<rn<'OC,
f!)ulbe be "npo(liblcfor you to bo.25ut tbie r,n<1
quy,n'l by pr4rtr4nbf4/iinge.
to ru; p"fT,b tilt C)'mtln f4ibe \>lito rbil
btlu. tI1.booyrt!2ar tl)c fonneof m4n j1)albe bClrot,<b in
luftcs "nqurnort t!l<,fl>"U,,1I r!lyrbe b"ye bc f!)all rrf< alev",
mintS nlfnot. Znb greAtly.
([ro!lentbC)'UltrccOme n>o'
rc to pmr Anb ),oure
m"flcrp4!(rriburr:b< (4)'bc!'y in
to (paPe fTrrt ro
80.!)'.
1yn{lf laft l1'ybufcj
I, . . or d)m d)ylllrelor ofjlraungere1
r. "nro !)im,of Ilrallngcrf.[l)m fAibe 3efj.e to agarnc. oJ< !frc. Zl!ousD
[be .. wc 11)lIlll< offflle /Cl)nft wcrrfrt y,r
II),mlgo 10 fe, anbeafle Inll)'n' Angrlllan"lafctge
(\letl)al fYrjlcomcll) "pp<:anll wl)en Ibou opencb bie
mou19'(1)01l f"all f"nb, apfCC of Fij.pmcc t!lAI lafe anb pM fr. i all
P' for m, anll II)C, , Icyny
n
6 to I}is OW"
11"'''', t!t1ttt .rbc1tttw nf portc/ l'm p"r'"
fit" u.
"""IBllibl famt tplUI 1111 biftiplra
1Lu camlo'3<fi.6fayinllt tIlbo ;e tbc I)rrs rOk'I ICO fer ..
. 1, a d)ylbt "nfO 1118 blollzrr will/oil
myllll1oftl).m
rei)' 3 fa)'umto YOIl /c,rccpt' )'t loumcl anb bcccm, ae d)if<
brclyceanotcntr< in 10 1yngbo of broi' tbm"
fon: (ball fubm),"!,;m Iyffias II)Y6 d),Ib<' !1c,e 1ge
celi in ofb",.n. :zJnb robofocl!fl' fi.:
dJ' Ild)ylbc in mr name I ncta,,(11) IIlC .aut robofot"cr
i,: olfenb, WOII' f)'tdlone/w\);eJ, bef,,,, in me,itn-crt
1!.u.Fvij bcrrn for 9im Ilbllt a m"lfllon. rom 9"ng<b .. bolltr b)'6
lIufc/llnb l!1at be rotrebroullcb in ftC. roo
be "nro 1ll0rfbe be e .. uf< ,,,,,11 oecafiono. 31 ie nceef'"
rllryr!lal,t>," o((a(lo"e b,g''''''/un'(rlbtlelT' roo be 10 t9at
man!b)' tl:)90m ,,,),U oee41ion yftll)'
fOI< I !ltt><t!1, Iln oecafoon of ,,,,,Ultut bini off/
4nb cali "im trom Ib<.Sit il} better ill 10 Iy"
f' ,,;It or ma1m,b/rat\l.rt!1<n190u flJlllbcll bat>inlJt
be6 or.ij.ferellltcalic in to ,,,,rlllfljn!! fyrt.:2inb vf alro
nc,),c offenb t!1e/ plucfc \lim our anb eafl9im from t!1c.it i6
!u.n>. bEltr for tp< /10 entre in tol),f< rolt\ltllon,,,e / tpcm "allin!!c
ij .cyeelo bccafldnto
[E5n!>"r)" befpifenol roon 0 f Ibef< liryll roon6. Sor:; fo"
re "nto ),OU/I\l41 inb.l1l't\ltrt aned6b(1)0lbubefacro( my
/ wJ,id) ie i b,,,c.Y, anb tp<fofit ofma ie eom< to fn",
,Y(II ma "ab
l1ofi,,11 of
/1}tpt/4nb U!3 !'!>ulll. go Afirye/U!yll be nott I,v.
IV 4nll nvnein tbc rnoiitol>'"" / "nb flO ""bfefub"'l U!O ",I)id;)
i"lIon. "'flr"'rc:rfbil bappitbot I), fVllll. him/ "ercly 3 f""e
"nlo ,oo/b.rcioyf<,b more of ,boll jl>tpe/tl)iof tl)e n,nlP "nil
"'tnl nott "Ifr"y . lE"," 10 bi' nottt!>c U!)'II off
your. fottb.r in I)."en I Ibal lX'on olft!)i .. htd. tIlonl' fhulbe
prrifl,e.
f[ more o"er rftby brol",r trefpa& a,,"fl Ibe. <60 4nb Idl
bim bi& f",ut bitlX'CII' billl "nll tbe alonr.l'f9, \>e",r, 1\></tbou
1on. 9,arctbe nott Iben taf, milh
Ibe i.or.i;.t9M in tl)e moull) of i;.or.iij.",itntlfc&/ all f"yingy
m",e flonbe. Yfb, I""rum Ibem/telll)it"nlotbt
cion.,fbe b<are nott tb' (ong!J4C;on/taf. " .. lIn "etb,n
m"n ",nb " .. "public,,". 'Pml' 3 f"" ",,10 yon mb"lfo,,,er
'b ... all bynbe anb ye bynbe on erll)/fI}"lb, bOllnbe in b."en. :zrnb (oe",r
101ll re . ydofe on trtl)l Ibalbclof,b in b'''tn.
f[2tIl"", 3f"ye "nlo YOIl 11)"1 if i; of you (b"U "lIr' in errl)
in en, m""trt9inl1' ml)al (o,,,,r 19<' (!laUber,rc : bilfr,albe
It."m of my f"bcrlllbid;) i& in 9,,,,n. 50r w\ltr( q onq
Aft lIabbrtb to lIybberin Illy lI"nfe/tl)< "1113 in r9c m,bbf
offtl)em.
cttbtn c"m ptt<r to bimlanb ("J>be:mafltr I boro, ofTt (ball
my brot\l.rtrt(p46 "1I<ynfl mt / "nb 3 i9aU for,t'" 9ym:
fl}a1l3 forg.". bim "ij.tyme6: 3erl6 (ayb "ntobim: 3 I"y'
nOl"nlo f<",nlr tVll1ee f'''YIl ttmee.crI)m
fort i6 fyl1l1bOIl1 on,,,CIl Irl'l1et> ... nto 01 cmolyn, I',nll"
'll>bicl) roolbct"I"1l cOllntj'ofbi6 (...,,,unlf / ",,'/I "'bi
begun< to reaml 1on m<to "nto ollg!lt
lalrnrrf:
10 be jOlbtl ant> wrff< / "nl>
bi .. cbilbren: anl> be b"b / anl> p"ym,ntto bt m"bt.
<tnb b,foll!J!1t!1im ("ying"
t>t mrrrfpptclanb 3 wvll P"" !lite"t.,. mbyt. bAlItg
e
101'11< p,ttt on 19< 10"'f<'/I 4nb

l[I}e f"me f,naunt "'tnt OUI anb founbe 1ont of 9"' fdo.
a>e';/19id;) an pence. 2tnb le,be 90"1>1
on 10 ft bi bV pavttbat
ftlomtfeUboun./ anb b<joll119t b"m/fayingc:
.. mt/"nb3 myll pay. alf.anb
not/butll'ent anb call to pr'fon/t)'U be flJulb,pa"
otb!" (domC6 fame ,.,a6 bone /Ib',
ll'<rt"ery fory/anb ca lol!>",nlo lorbe all Ibar
9aptnd,.lb<Ibr lorbwtllcb (<<tb. mlo '"
"yllf<r,,unr/:3forgl>t tbe all tbat!>rt/b. ,auft
bt/im,: \l)a6 itnot mitt 1\10U fl'ulbcll
be rompaflion no thy fdo,.,e/c"tn a6:3 9ab 1',11, on aMb
bi6lcrl)c maIO tt'root\! / anbbdrrrcb ",m to t9t30ylcr6 / 1"/
he (bulbt pilrc all tbal ll'a6 bur to b,m. 60 Iyf. 11'I'f. f\>1l11
,our. "u,enl, fatberbo "mo rou/,fy. m,1I nOI forjjtl>t mlb
your< mon to 9i5 brolberl9trt trt(pafr&.


galik/anb ,(\ in to 19' cooICfofit_, b,yab,
, ba/anb mod), pcopl' folott'rb bim/an'll b' b,al,,1l
Iblm Ibcrc.
f[l!1tnC4111 "nlo biml'" pbarif'6 to umpt' ""m/an'll fibt
10 \1,m:)l6billmfnU for a mnto pun a myt bi6myf' for
II miintrof St Ilnfmmb/4l1b fa,bc "nto tb<,S"t
,e bembid) mab. ma at Ibe
It/mal), Ibcm man nl) faib, :for ttJinl1e/
(6t"" ,;' ma I.". mothtr / anb clt"t "nto ",6wyfe/
ant> q. allb ,"ty warn, f\>alb, mon \l)brrfor( nom, art tbcy
not Iltl4rnt/butmS fI,fTbr.lftnol man Ibtrtfore put alilll",
gol> b4tbcuppltb to gybbcr.i!:bfll fapbt tb.,
)",iiij. bYI1l: tt'!>y bpb mofee comllllnbe to g,,,, "nlo ber IS teICi"
ofbiNrfmet/ (llIb 10 PUI ber c1 ",,,,yet ,Gtfa,b. "ntc
Ih"mof,ebrcc.ufto(tl) ... 9"'rbnes ofyoure 9Crttf jilftTeb
you 10 PUI roure U)v"re:13urfi'om rbt bel1rn"ynjjt !>it
1tl4& nOI fo. 3 ((lY, "nto

... 1')arbn'8.1!.a wee
pmitt t (uff,r many
uoynea
wot.lTeico""enltnct
IlIQicQ gol> IlliU iuq
t>s< punvnlz.
'7
By tQi"lhniliruOt
_,e1'el1a"e tQ'l
ar no ftl1liliruntferf
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bUt fli onctliYIlg co
,<ynco i tilcrnnilit'l
pa
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i?trCl?nrO/ cQ9t WC'l
me Qoly 1Q4U oerpi'i
r. ",eeke rynnere I
"lrQid/ rame..",ek,
11011' flIal! not 'llere
119'" riler rewaroc
as tiler. ",l]icQ co'
lI1efyrft.llave lie,"
buttlQlllberci'cte ..
pur aWRt'tI
rc tQ<1' cQlllenge Qic
ofme,;ttt 7notcQF
m.rcy 1 'lurf.
cupp. fi{lnifi
cell til. croff<lt r 11<
fferyng:but tQdlell
lThe "'010< be gloril,
fj(1)Y" tllr" cmdf'i
ico / WoID(' be
t<t> tlift< "p an l/ye
vrrf)c"IlDoune.
l!:be lfo(pdl of
lalle hlltmon mou ball. mAbHbcm
rquall "6 anlll)'Me of

tr,e,e an(wmb towon '3 bo no
wrOnlfr.b9b./C me for a pm)r.'
mbid,l i6tl)'buri.laub 3m,U gt1>f1>nto II)Y6
/alle I afmod,l. a6 ro rl) ye it nor/awfUl! for mtro 110 ae m.
mync awnet )"Ie 11))'nt rye .IlYU bfCallfe 3 am
{loobtE3o rl)dalie (!1a/be&r/i lanb f9albr lali
50r mallvarcca//eblanbfnl'<bc d,ofrn. . c
([2Inb 3efiJ6 af(fnM) 10 rofe rbe Pi, N(ciplce ,.
<1parr<inrbe11'aY<lanbfaibrto rbcm:!o 11'< go ro bi
rufalemlanbrl)e (onn.of man berray.b "",0 tbc
fe prrrtfanb meotl), f'ryb-j'l anllth f9ai! conb<rnpn( b)'nI
ro beth lanb (!)all btly"" I)ym to Gellty/eM bt modelll
10 I anb to bt unfitb: anb iij. bart fllaU
rytc agllyn<.
d,lylbri!
foiic6/ WOrjJ)yppigc a
I)t rajbt "nro
g.-aulllc tb(\trbef< my two fCllnes on II)"
gl)r bonbclanlll". oll)rr bfte !1onbtin Fyngbolll,
3e\U6 anfm.reb/: falb,: yc mot noew"at T< a"r .2Ire y< able
be
wirb 3 (!!albt a"",
(4lbe "",0 rl)cm: yt f\laU
nf. ofm, cuppc/4nbfbalbc bapryftb mill) tbe baplilO
aU. :SUllO frton mp
on my lyfte nOlmyne to VCll< )'011: bur to tl)em for
wbom )'ti6prepayrell of m)' J:
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rcn.13ut '3efueca/ltb Ibem "nto b)'mlanb Fnotllc/
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rl)evtbatare grearcle"treife power Oll"'''COl. J't f\laUnor,
be (0 4100nge )'oo:13utmbofOfll(r 'IIlylb. grcMc amoll' YOu/
Ict bim b. ,ollrc mi(ifr/anb u>bofoevcr 11',lbcd)cfcl/crrbrm
be youn tcrvollnt. lE",n a6 the (on"< of man cam/notre be
<5011',11 of
<lnMbt I'topltfllille:tblsj's
3c(ner!)e I'rol'!>erof ciu of {flllile.3nb 3<foGlX'f!
In to of goll I AIIb clfe Ollt IlU t!li rtl.v bOllGbt Mil
(oIb( intJ,e templel IllbleGof d)e monv
t!>e feat\' foil)( bo",e.3nb ("ibdO
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vcr/burl'c !>'DCmbciu bcnofrb(1)co.3nbll)c b1vnbe (lRb Jfia.h.1.
C410 !>ym ,ntl)ercmple I anb ",I)eoleb r!>em .
cr:\l)!>mt!)e dlefe I'ree/l1nb (cribeo (<<_ t!)c mAroC)'UC6
/ MlIt!)e dll'lbrm cryin{feint!>e temple Anb

bc",,(01),m:l)enlft!)ouwl).ulbtf'f4,rt fibe . . ..
; )'C neM' rceb/of t!>UIIOut!> otNbbf Ilnb pl.,l. U Iq .
lillff t!)ou J,e IX'cn,
out ofr!1e citemro bet!>AII),/MlI I'jf<b r!1etymc r!)(fe.
rttumd, intot!)c cite ""e)'ne/!>e
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founbenotf>VI(!et!>creon/but onl, /AnbrAn> to it /neuer
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m)'bbrcb411I.l't. '2Inb w!>il)'ebifCjplce f4-t!>.v/ rf)e)' mill'
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cerrA,n, rna: bab ij.fO""ee/Ml! cit to tbcclberf4\)'ingc:
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mrll:' 3nbtbe,faibc fYrfl.3efue
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(rbough'. fam it),ttt1>tr(nonmOPeb 11>irb
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III 4\ ",nc,Arbe/ allb bct!gebirrounbe bra.,c
lnc rr. ARb rnabea "ynpr'ffc ina/anb brlu atQt\)(rjanbku 1t0llt nltitofd\ctrlJeng1
to l)atban'bmcn / anb 1I>enr in to a prAung< coumre 21n'b /2rtWnnee;rl!oro,v
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bAllbmcn / fbdl bc1}'1lU b,6 (rutc Attt)'mC6 co::

pCal. , cnCl>nrcebe inlb' fcriplUrf/
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born of gob f"a[betaf," trOlll you/anb g
fortb .be frue.e of it. :lInb
"1Il1l: fall flJall .. on fionr/r!1a1b< alto brofen. :lInb Ulbofort'lr
N frobl< 9t t!>ie /lonb f!1all fall oppon/!>c ff,all grynbt ro pOUlblr.
(omr to tl]tre fal" / 2tn1)Ul!>en tbe 41. prccfi1 bio) ftiniliru,
to br6 t!>at !>t (paft of rbcm.Z1nb tbtyw,"t ab<
cut to [aye bonb.,. on ""m/bue tbey (careb tbe pNplt I becau,
f< countrb bym 46 a propbct.:zr nb 3cfoo anfwmb anb
"nro r!>(1II aga)'lle/ill fimilirub(B/f"yingr.
br ml. lCbapttr.
lwugbom ofbwttt is
fe IlIft04\ crrrayne I)n!ft/Ulbid}marycb !>ie fo/l;'
nc/lmbfmnj'orrl) I)Y6 fu"allntf/ to cau tbe tbolt
wcrrbyb ro t!>cUlCbbingr/anb tbty not CO!'
br fmtr forr!> ot!>rrfct"auntj' /fayingr:tdl rbcm
wbid) arc bybbcn: Jto 3 bynner/ myn,
):m anb lilY (atlingj' arc rylleb/anb allrbing1 art r<by/come
IlIltO t\>' IIIabe Iig!>r o( ir/anb
l'tB:wcn ro biB f,rme p[ace/ anct!>rr abour bio mncban"'y"
(c.tbrrcmnaunt tofe ftrllwntf/,mb intrCAttbt\>rm "n.
goob[,/anbflc\X!ttbem. m!>mrl)< ryngc berbrrbar / bnt'ae
wrotb/anb fent fOltb biB warryrrB anb bi/iro)'cb t!>0lt mu-
rtbree! anb brent "ppc tbm cire. .
mcn faille be to w(bNngc pre?
panb:but rl)cyUlbid} wne notwor" rq.
<fio ye cur in to aO) 46 1Lur.n
)'C fynbclbyb rbem ro maria!!<. e (cr"aunrtj' Wtnt cut
in \X!areB/4nb gabbrd) togcbbu 4B man)' a6
ulb<frnbc/boorb goob anb b4b/ anbtbe webbing! wae fur"
n"lf!)c'" fyngc calli in/ to "iRr geM / "nb
fpycb tbm a man nOI on a webbillge garm.nli
anb farb, in Ian!)
6,
e"IN MA TTHAEVM
glolia .. bonOlc fili; bominis
LIBRI XIII.
DE GLORIFICA
one 1trinitatis .. ploccffionc fpirirus ranal LIB R I IX.
--
.. .. - .
.
ApudfCElicem Coloniam Annofafutis.
M. D. XXVI. Aeditioprima.