Drug name: Generic Potassium chloride

Drug action Provides a direct replacement of potassiu m in the body.

indication

contraindication

Side effect Vomiting Diarrhea nausea stomach pain discomfort or gas vomiting

Nursing responsibities Watched out for levels of potassium electrolyte level to prevent hyperkalemia. Observed 10 rights of giving medication. Monitored cardiac rhythm carefully during administration. Took drug after meals or with food. Do not crush or chew tablets, swallow tablets whole. Do not use salt substitutes. Watched out for possible severe side effects on the patient.

Brand name: Kalium durule Classification Electrolyte Dosage 2 tabs P.O BID

hypokalemia Renal insufficienc hyperkalemia, Untreated Addisons disease, constriction of the esophagus and or obstructive changes in the alimentary tract

Drug name Generic Name: Ceftriaxone Brand Name: Pharex Classification Antibiotics Cephalosphorin Dosage 2g IV OD ANST (-)

Drug action Bactericidal: Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall membrane which causes cell death.

indication Intraabdominal infections caused by E coli, Klebsiella pneumoni ae

contraindication

Side effect

Nursing responsibities Checked IV site carefully for signs of thrombosis Cultured infection and arrange for sensitivity test before and during medication if expected response not seen. The patient may experience these side effects: nausea, vomiting and GI upset Report pain and discomfort at sites unusual bleeding, rash and itching.

Known allergy to headache cephalosphorin or diarrhea, penicillin nausea, Vomiting Abdominal pain rash

Drug name Generic Name: Omeprazole Brand Name: Omepron Classification Antisecretor y agent Proton pump inhibitor Dosage 40mg IV OD

Drug action

indication

contraindication

Side effect headache nausea vomiting stomach pain diarrhea

Nursing responsibities Check and clean IV sites. You may experience these side effects like dizziness and nausea and vomiting Report severe headache, worsening of symptoms, fever, chills.

Gastric acid Treatment of Contraindicated pump inhibitor: heartburn or with hypersensitivity Suppresses symptoms of to omeprazole or its gastric acid GERD components secretion by specific inhibition of the hydrogenpotassium ATP ase enzyme system at the secretory su rface of the gastric parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production.

Drug name:

Drug action

Indication Acute intestinal amebiasis

Contraindication Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to metronidazole

Side effect

Nursing responsibities

Generic Bactericidal: Metronidazole inhibits DNA synthesis in specific Brand name: anaerobes, Tamazol causing cell death, Classification antiprotozoal Proton trichomonacidal, pump amebicidal: inhibitors biochemical Antimechanism of secretory action is not known Dosage 50mg IV TID

Headache, Administer slowly diarrhea, Check and clean IV sites. nausea, You may experience these vomiting, side effects like nausea abdominal pain and vomiting Report severe headache, worsening of symptoms, fever, chills. Provide additional comfort measures to alleviate discomfort from GI effects and headache. Urine may be a darker color than usual, is expected.

Drug name Generic Name: Dopamine Hydrochloride Classification: Sympatho mimetic Alpha adrenergic Agonist Beta1selective adrenergic Agonist Dopaminer gic drug Dosage 2-5 mcg /min/IV

Drug Action Indication Drug acts hypotension directly and by the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve terminals; dopaminergic receptors mediate dilation of vessels in the renal and splanchnic beds; alpha receptors, which are activated by higher doses of dopamine, mediate vasoconstriction , which can override the vasodilating effects; beta1 receptors mediate a positive inotropic effect on the heart.

Contraindication Contraindicated with Tachyarrythmia ventricular fibrillation, hypovolemia, Use cautiously with atherosclerosis,a rterial embolism, cold injury, frostbite, diabetic endarteritis, Buergers disease(monitor the color and temperature of extremities), pregnancy, lactation.

Side effects Tachycardia angina pain, palpitations, hypertension, widened QRS. Nausea, Vomiting Headache

Nursing responsibilities Monitor blood pressure, pulse, peripheral pulses, and urinary output at intervals prescribed by physician. Precise measurements are essential for accurate titration of dosage. Report the following indicators promptly to physician for use in decreasing or temporarily suspending dose: Reduced urine flow rate in absence of hypotension; ascending tachycardia; dysrhythmias; disproportionate rise in diastolic pressure(marked decrease in pulse pressure). signs of peripheral ischemia Monitor therapeutic effectiveness. In addition to improvement in vital signs and urine flow, other indices of adequate dosage and perfusion of vital organs include loss of pallor, increase in to temperature, adequacy of nail bed capillary filling, and reversal of confusion.

Drug Study

Drug name Generic Name: Hyoscine-Nbutylbromide Brand Name: Buscopan Classification Anti- Spasmodic

Drug action Indication Relieve cramps or Various spasms of the painful stomach, condition intestines and GI spasm bladder

Contraindication Patients with Myasthenia gravis, mega colon, Parenteral Untreated narrow-angle glaucoma, prostate hypertrophy w / urinary retention, mechanical stenosis of GIT, tachycardia

Side Effects Nursing responsibilities Urinary Monitored vital signs retention Reported any severe side Tachycardi effects may occur. a Give drug as prescribed. allergic & skin reactions

Drug name Generic Name: Paracetamol Brand Name: Aeknil Classification: Analgesics (non-opiod) Anti-pyretics

Drug Action Indication Paracetamol produces analgesia by reduction raising the threshold of fever of the pain center of the brain and by obstructing impulses at the pain mediating chemoreceptors. The drug produces antipyresia by an action on the hypothalamus; heat dissipation is increased as a result of vasodilation and increased peripheral blood flow.

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Responsibilities Monitored vital sign especially temperature Instruct patient to increase fluids intake. Administer slowly Check and clean IV sites. You may experience these side effects like nausea and vomiting

Patient with Anorexia hypersensitiv Nausea ity to drugs Vomiting Constipation Hepatic insufficiency Rash Urticaria

Drug name Generic Name: Clarithromycin

Drug action Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, causing cell death.

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects Abdominal discomfort, dyspepsia, nausea, diarrhea Anorexia Vomiting Headache, dizziness

Nursing Responsibilities Monitored WBC count Cultured infection and arrange for sensitivity test before and during medication if expected response not seen. The patient may experience these side effects:nausea, vomiting and GI upset check with your doctor right away if have pain or tenderness in the upper stomach; skin reactions, pale stools; dark urine; loss of appetite; nausea;or yellow eyes or skin that could be symptoms of a serious liver problem.

Brand Name: Biaxin Classification Macrolide antibiotic

Used to Patient with treat hypersensitivity to bacterial drugs infections Patient with in many Cholestatic different jaundice, history parts of of heart rhythm the body. problem, liver It is also disease, diarrhea, used in heart disease, combinati myasthenia gravis on with and kidney other disease medicines to treat duodenal ulcers caused by H. pylori

Drug name Generic Name: Paracetamol, Acetaminophen Brand Name: Biogesic, Panadol, Tylenol Classification: Non-narcotic analgesic Antipyretic

Drug action

Indication

Contraindication

Side effects

Nursing responsibilities Monitor vital signs especially temperature Monitor CBC, liver and renal functions. Assess for fecal occult blood and nephritis. Avoid using OTC drugs with Acetaminophen. Take with food or milk to minimize GI upset. Report nausea and vomiting, cyanosis, shortness of breath and abdominal pain as these are signs of toxicity.

Decreases fever Temporary Patient with Minimal GI by a reduction hypersensitivity to upset hypothalamic of fever, drugs, Renal rash effect leading to temporary Insufficiency,Ane nausea sweating and relief of mia vasodilation minor ache Inhibits pyrogen and pain effect on the caused by hypothalamiccommon heat-regulating cold centers Inhibits CNS prostaglandin synthesis with minimal effects on peripheral prostaglandin synthesis Does not cause ulceration of the GI tract and causes no anticoagulant action.

Nursing Care Plan Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation

Subjective: Wala akong ganang kumain as verbalized by the patient Objective: V/S Temp: 36oC PR: 64 bpm RR: 29 cpm BP: 100/70mmHg Loss of appetite Body weakness fatigue Serum potassium of 3.21

Imbalance Nutrition: less than body requirements related to decrease in potassium level as evidenced by loss of appetite

After 2 days of nursing intervention the patient will be able to improve body nutrition as evidenced by: a. Normal laboratory results in potassium level within the normal range of 3.55.1mmol/Lb . b. Demonstrate behaviors, lifestyle changes to meet the bodys nutritional requirement such as

Independent Obtained nutritional history Patients perception include the family, significant of actual intake may others or caregiver in differ assessment Monitored attitudes toward Many factors eating and food determine the type, amount and appropriateness of food consumed Monitored for signs and Potassium is an symptoms of hypokalemia electrolyte that such as fatigue, weakness and compose of 65-75 % decrease cardiac rate in the muscle and maintains electrical excitability Evaluated total daily food To reveal possible intake. Obtain diary of calorie cause of deficiency intake, patterns and times of and changes that eating could be made in clients intake Provide companionship Attention to social during mealtime aspects of eating is important in any setting Eat foods rich in potassium Help to replenish or such as banana, oranges, normalize the carrots, fish and etc. potassium level

After 2 days of nursing intervention the patient was able to improve body nutrition as evidenced by: a. Normal laboratory results in potassium level within the normal range of 3.55.1 mmol/Lb a s 3.2to3.7 5 b. Demonstrated behaviors, lifestyle changes to meet the bodys nutritional requirement

complying to Emphasize importance of the diet and well-balanced nutritious medications intake. Provide information ordered by regarding individual the physician nutritional needs and ways to meet these needs c. Lessen of within financial signs and constraints symptoms Give adequate rest period to of hypokale activities. mia such as Encourage exercise and fatigue, stress reduction program weakness and etc Dependent: Administered electrolytes supplements like Kalium durule as prescribed by doctor.

To promote wellness to the patient and help her to understand her condition

such as complying to the diet and medications ordered by the physician c. Lessened of signs and Prevent fatigue symptoms of hypokalem Metabolism and ia such as utilization of nutrients fatigue, are enhanced by weakness by activity and promote resting. wellness. To meet the clients nutritional needs

Collaborative: Review indicated laboratory To evaluate degree of data (e.g.,serum sodium, deficit serum potassium leveletc.)

Assessment Subjective: Masakit ang tuhod ko as verbalized by the patient. Objective: V/S Temp: 36oC PR: 64 bpm RR: 29 cpm BP: 100/70mmHg Slow movement of extremities Facial grimace Body weakness Pain scale score of 7/10

Diagnosis Acute pain related to decreased muscle integrity as evidenced by body weakness

Planning After an hour of nursing intervention, the patient pain will decrease from 7/10 to 5/10.

Intervention Independent: Monitored Vital Sign Assessed pain including, quality, location and characteristics Observed non- verbal cues or pain behaviors by facial expressions, etc. Provided calm and comfortable environment. Encouraged divertional activities like listening to music and watching TV Encouraged adequate rest period. Provided comfort measures by touching and advised to changed position frequently. Moved patient slowly and carefully. Encouraged patient to ambulate. Dependent: Administered antibiotic as prescribed by doctor.

Rationale For base line data to note recognition of changes.

Evaluation

After 8 hours nursing intervention, the patient was To assess patients able to condition and feelings. verbalize a decrease of For comfort of the pain form 7/10 patient. to 4/10 in the To reduce pain scale. precipitating factors. To prevent fatigue. To promote nonpharmacological pain management. To reduce pain. For proper blood circulation of extremities. To prevent infections

Assessment Subjective: Nanghihina ako as verbalized by the patient. Objective: V/S T:36 oC PR: 64 bpm RR: 29 cpm BP: 100/70 mmHg Body weakness Facial grimace Slow movement of extremities Fatigue

Diagnosis Powerlessness related to body weakness as evidenced by slow movement of extremities.

Planning At the end of 8 hours of nursing intervention, the patient will maintain the range of motion from slow to moderate.

Intervention Independent: Monitored vital sign. Assisted patient to perform tasks he may be capable of doing. Give adequate rest period to activities. Provided deep breathing exercise Provided comfortable environment. Encouraged patient to ambulate and exercise if he can Instructed patient to eat foods high in carbohydrates and protein that give energy and increased fluid intake.

Rationale For base line condition. For patient will have more selfesteem with tasks he may complete To prevent fatigue. To promote relaxation For comfort of the patient. To promote circulation of blood. To provide increase energy production.

Evaluation At the end of 9 hours of nursing intervention, the patient maintained the range of motion from slow to moderate.

Assessment

Diagnosis

Planning

Intervention

Rationale To prevent unwanted accidents when deciding to ambulate because the muscle are still weak Gains knowledge more related to illness To let patient identify which of the potassium food sources he prefers. to promote safety To promote safety Enough rest is needed to conserve energy. To avoid anxiety. To be aware and interaction to the patient.

Evaluation

Subjective: Naghihina ako as verbalized by the patient Objective: V/S T:36 oC PR: 64 bpm RR: 29 cpm BP: 100/70 mmHg Body weakness Loss of balance Slow movement of extremities fatigue

Risk for injury related to muscle weakness secondary to decrease of potassium

After 8 hours of Explain need to use nursing caution when ambulating intervention the particularly when going to client will able bathroom to: a. Regain Explain purpose of the normal prescribed potassium and muscle its role in reversing strength muscle weakness. b. Remain free Discuss dietary sources of from injury potassium provide a list of potassium rich foods. Kept side rails up always. Maintained bed in lowest position with wheels locked. Advised the patient to have enough rest Provided information for every procedure that will made. Encourage the patient to verbalize his/her feelings or any perception of weakness.

After 8 hours of nursing intervention the client was: a. Regained moderate muscle strength b. Remained free from injury