Solution

Problem 1 (Analytical).
Find a logic function implementing the following
threshold element

X2

-1

-2

-1

-1

-2

01

11

10

X5

-1

x5x4

The threshold function and its basic points

Solution
0

-1

-2 x1x2x3

y = x5 ( x4 + x1 + x2 + x3 ) + x4 x3 + x4 x2 x1

000 100 110 010 011 111 101 001

0

00

01

00

-2

X4

-1

=3
X3

x1x2x3

000 100 110 010 011 111 101 001

X1

x4x3
Top
node

11

x x
x5x15 3

10
x5x4

00001

00010

x1

x2

x3

x4

x5

value

x1x5

x2x5

x3x5

x4x5

x3x4

x1x2x4

-2

x5x4
x5x1

x5x2

01101

11110

10101

00111

weights

Problem 2 (Analytical):
Find a logic function implemented by the following
threshold network
1

=0

X4

1 = x5 + x2 x4
2 = x3 x4 x5

X2

Solution

y = 1 x1 + 2 = x1 x5 + x1 x2 x4 + x3 x4 x5

-2
X5

=2

X1

Questions:
1. Is it possible to implement this function by only one
single threshold element?

X3

=3

X4

2. Is it possible to implement this function by two

threshold elements?

X5

Implementation of the function by two

threshold elements

Problem 3 (Synthetic):
Synthesize a threshold element implementing the
following function:

3
X1

X2

=3

x1 ( x5 + x2 x4 )
3

X4

-2
X5

X3

=3

X4

x1 ( x5 + x2 x4 ) + x3 x4 x5

y = x3 + x2 ( x1 x5 + x4 )

1
1

X5

Solution

Solution
x2 = x2

Assign:

x1 = x1
y = x3 + x2 ( x1 x5 + x4 )

Then

00

01

1
9

000

100

110

010

011

111

11

101

x1x2x3

4
001

TOP

10

x 5x 4

10

Basic points
x3

Linear inequalities:
1 + 4 + 5 < 3

y = x3 + x2 ( x1 x5 + x4 )

x 1x 2x 3

x 2x 4

x2x3

0 1

y = x3 + x2 ( x1 x5 + x4 ) =

x3x4x5

0 0

= x3 ( x2 + x4 ( x1 + x5 ))

x1x3x4

0 0

1 + 4 + 5 < 1 + 2 + 5
1 + 4 + 5 < 2 + 4
1 + 2 < 3 ; 1 + 2 < 2 + 4
2 + 5 < 3 ; 2 + 5 < 2 + 4

1 < 4
5 < 4 < 2 < 3
Finally:
11

1 = 5 < 4 < 2 < 3

1

12

Answer:
[1, 3, 5, 2, 1; 5] for the isotonic function

[-1, -3, 5, 2, 1; 1] for the original function

13