FUZZY LOGIC BASED RELAY SEARCH ALGORITHM FOR COOPERATIVE SYSTEMS

M. Shamim Kaiser, IEEE Member &Telecommunications,, AIT , Imran Khan, IEEE Student Member &Telecommunications, AIT Kazi M. Ahmed, IEEE Member, &Telecommunications, AIT Prof. Adachi F., IEEE Fellow & Tohoku University, Japan

Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

Cooperative System

4G wireless system

Targeted data rate: 100Mbps~1Gbps

The peak-transmit power increases with data transmission rate.

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What is the solution?

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Objective

Developed Fuzzy logic based relay search algorithm for 2- hop cooperative systems with the goal of maximizing the performance of a system in terms of SER (S b l error rate). (Symbol t ) Effective SNR (signal to noise ratio), and total time delay of the link (propagation delay and processing delay at relay) are selection parameters.

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

System Model
Time Slot 1 Time Slot 2

Fixed Relays
Link 2

Base Station

Relays

Single User

Destination

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

System Model Contd.

Input/Output Equations
y D [n] = hSD Es x[n] + nD ,0

SNIRi =

E s . hi Li

j =1, j i

E .h
s

L j +N i

y R [n] = hSR Es x[n] + nR

Time Slot 1

1 hSD ,i Es + N o
2

y D [n] = hRD

Es

y R [ n ] + nD , 2
2 Es x[n + t d ] + hRD Es 2

Time Slot 2

= hSR hRD
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Es

nR ,1 + nD , 2
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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

System Model Contd.

MRC
* * N h* Es hSR ,i hRD ,i Es y D [ n] + y D ,i [n + t d i ] x[n] = SD No hSR ,i k i =1

i := N RD ,i + N SR ,i

hRD ,i hSR ,i

2 2

i [1, N ]

Effective SNR
Direct&twohop

SNIRSR ,m SNIRRD ,m = SNIRSD + m 1 + SNIRSR ,m + SNIRRD ,m

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Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Fuzzy Logic Based Relay Selection

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Relay Selection Criterion

,

Effective SNR of Each Link Link delay (Propagation + processing delay)

D
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Relay Selection Criterion

System Capacity
Total transmitted data bits ti

Total Link Delay

t SD ; for the direct transmission ti = t SR + t RD + t d ; for the two - hop transmission max(t , t + t + t ); for the relay cooperation SD SR RD d

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Relay Selection Criterion Contd.

Effective Link SNIR

E s . hSD, i LSD, i SNRdirect = N SD, i
2

SNRtwohop,i =

SNRSR,i SNRRD,i 1 + SNRSR,i + SNRRD,i

SNRDirect &two hop = SNRdirect +

1 + SNR
m

SNRSR ,m SNR RD,m

SR ,m

+ SNR RD,m

Outage Probability
POUT = Pr (( SNR (h, ) < SNRThreshold ) (t d > tThreshold ))

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MS Floods RREQ

BS Select Relays

RREP

RREP RREQ

Eff. SNR> SNRT Link delay<Link T

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Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Why Fuzzy Logic?

To circumvent the need for rigorous mathematical modeling. C Conceptually easy to understand. ll d d The key to successful use of fuzzy logic is clever combination with conventional techniques. Fuzzy logic q y g has been developed to implement human logic in engineering solutions. Probability theory only allows the modeling of y y y g stochastic uncertainty, which deals with the uncertainty of whether a certain event will take place or not. In contrast, lexical uncertainty deals with the uncertainty of th d fi iti f the definition of th event it lf P b bilit th f the t itself. Probability theory cannot be used to model this because the combination of subjective categories in human decision processes does not follow its axioms axioms.
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FLC

Step 1: Fuzzification Step 2: Construct the rule base that the system will operate how the action will be operate, executed by assigning the strength of the rules. Step 3:Defuzzification

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Fuzzy Logic Controller

Crisp inputs

Crisp outputs Fuzzy inputs Fuzzy outputs Fuzzy Fuzzifier Inference Defuzzifier System Fuzzy Rules Fuzzy Logic Controller

Request for Relays Relay selected by BS Relays allocated by sending RREP

SNR

Ranking of the Relay Relay Selection S l ti Factor

Delay (normalized value)

IF Then rules: If ((SNR is VH) and(Link Delay is Small)) then RSP is Selected

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Linguistic Variable: SNR

Input variable
VL 1 L M H VH

0.8 D g e o m m e ip e re f e b rsh

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 SNR 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

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Linguistic Variable: Link Delay

Input variable
Sm all Medium High 1

0.8 D g e o m m e ip e re f e b rsh

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Tim e 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

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Linguistic Variable: RSP

Output variable
Not selected 1 Consider Select

0.8 D g e o m m e ip e re f e b rsh

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 RSRF 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

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Surface view of Rule Base System

0.2 02 0.3 03 0.4 04 0.5 05 0.6 06 0.7 07 0.8 08

0.8 0.7 0.6 R S SF 0.5 05 0.4 0.3 0.2 1 0.8 0.6 Time 0.4 0.2 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 SNR 0.8 1

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Rule Base

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Rule Base: Continuing

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Rule Base: Continuing

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Rule Base: Continuing

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Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Simulation Parameters

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10

Direct path with the cooperation of relay improves the Performance

S SER 10
-1

10

-2

Direct path and cooperation with R3 Direct path and cooperation with R2 Direct path and cooperation with R1 Direct path R1 R3 R2 5 10 15 SNR 20 25 30

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System Model

Link 2

Base Station

Relays

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10

10

-1

Relay 1(t=1ms) Relay 1(t=5ms) Relay 1(t=10ms) Relay 1(t=20ms) Relay 3(t=1ms) Relay 3(t=5ms) Relay 3(t=10ms) Relay 3(t=20ms) Relay 2(t=1ms) Relay 2(t=5ms) Relay 2(t=10ms) Relay 2(t=20ms) 5

S SER

Delay can change the capacity of the system Link delay

10

15 SNR(dB)

20

25

30

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Link 1

Info. Symbols
+

Rx Symbols
+

+
+

Actual Rx Symbols
Link 2

Base Station Relays

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D
Link 1

Info. Symbols
+

Rx Symbols
+

+
+

D Actual Rx Symbols
Link 2

Base Station Relays

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Delay Info. Symbols Rx Symbols Actual Rx Symbols

Delay can change the capacity of the system.

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10

-0.2

10

-0.3

10

-0.4

10

-0.5

10

-0.6

Relay 3 (t = 1ms) Relay 3 (t = 5ms) R1 is selected by other algorithm Relay 3 (t = 10ms) Relay 3 (t = 20ms) t proposed algorithm select R2 But B d l ith l t Relay 2 (t = 1ms) Relay 3 (t = 5ms) Relay 3 (t =10ms) Relay 3 (t = 20ms) Relay 1 (t = 1ms) Relay 1 (t = 5ms) Relay 1 (t = 10ms) Relay 1 (t = 20ms)
5 10 15 20 25 30

S SER

SNR(dB)

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Cooperative Gain
BS Relay MS
1.5 15

1.5

C perative G oop ain

0.5 05

0 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -0.5 -1 -1 Distance 0.5 0 1

0.5

MS

Distance

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Outline

Cooperative System System Model Relay Selection Criterion Fuzzy Logic Controller Simulation Results Concluding Remarks

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Conclusion

We proposed the fuzzy logic based relay selection algorithm p p y g y g considering the fuzzy variables: link SNR and delay at the relay. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the traditional relay search algorithm reported in different research paper. We also obser e that the G depends on rela location the G observe relay location; is maximum as the relay is at center between source and destination

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References

A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip and B. Aazhang, 2003 User Cooperation diversity-part I: system description, IEEE Trans. Comm. , Vol. 51 no. 11. pp 1927-1938. A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip and B. Aazhang, 2003User Cooperation diversity-part II: system description, IEEE Trans. Comm. , Vol. 51 no. 11. pp 1939-1948 T. Otsu, Y. T Otsu Y Aburakawa and Y Yamao 2002 Multi-hop wireless link system for new generation Y. Yamao, 2002, Multi-hop mobile radio access networks, IEICE Trans. Commun., vol. E85-B, no.8, pp.1542-1551, Aug. 2002. E. Kudoh and F. Adachi, "Power and frequency efficient wireless multi-hop virtual cellular concept," IEICE Trans. Commun," Vol.E88-B, No.4, pp.1613-1621, Apr. 2005. Zinan Li; Erkip, E, Relay search algorithms for coded cooperative systems. Global Telecommunications Conference, 2005. GLOBECOM '05. 05. IEEE Volume 3, 28 Nov.-2 Dec. 2005 Page(s):6 pp. D. S. Michalopoulos, G. K. Karagiannidis, T. A. Tsiftsis, and R. L. Mallik, An optimized user selection method for cooperative diversity systems, IEEE Globecom 2006, vol. 5, pp. 2854-2859, Dec. 2006. Okada, H.; Imai, H.; Yamazato, T.; Katayama, M.; Mase, K, A Route Selection Scheme for Multig p gy ( ) Route Coding in Multihop Cellular Networks, Vehicular Technology Conference, 2007(VTC-2007) IEEE 66th Sep. 30 2007-Oct. 3 2007 Page(s):6 10 Bletsas, A.; Hyundong Shin; Win, M.Z. Cooperative Communications with Outage-Optimal Opportunistic Relaying Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 6, Issue 9, Page(s):3450 3460, September 2007 Abbas El Gamal et. al, Relay Networks with Delays, IEEE Transc on Information Theory, Vol 53, No. 10, Oct 2007, N 10 O t 2007 pp- 3413 3431 3413-3431 H. L. Bertoni, Radio Propagation for Modern Wireless System, Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall, 2000. Kumar A. R., Information Technology: Principles and Applications Prentice Hall of India Privet Ltd, 2004, pp- 490-496

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THANK YOU VERY MUCH

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Crisp Set VS Fuzzy Set

Days of a weekend Fuzzy logic : Multi-valued logic.

Degree of membership (Saturday)=1 Degree of membership (Saturday)=1 Degree of membership (Sunday)=.85 Degree of membership (Sunday)=1 (Sunday) 1 Degree of membership (F id ) 6 D f b hi (Friday)=.65
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